CN111301185A - Methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents
Methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111301185A CN111301185A CN202010225107.1A CN202010225107A CN111301185A CN 111301185 A CN111301185 A CN 111301185A CN 202010225107 A CN202010225107 A CN 202010225107A CN 111301185 A CN111301185 A CN 111301185A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle, which belongs to the technical field of hybrid electric vehicles and comprises a methanol-water reforming device, a hydrogen fuel cell, a lithium battery, an electric motor and a vehicle travelling mechanism, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery are respectively electrically connected with the electric motor, and the electric motor is in transmission connection with the vehicle travelling mechanism. The methanol-water reforming apparatus includes a reforming reactor for supplying hydrogen gas to the hydrogen fuel cell and a fuel tank for supplying fuel to the reforming reactor. The fuel tank is connected with the reforming reactor through a pipeline, the reforming reactor is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell through a pipeline, and the hydrogen fuel cell is electrically connected with a charging circuit of the lithium battery and charges the lithium battery. According to the invention, the lithium battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are used as power supplies to drive the motor, and the methanol water reforming device is used for supplying fuel to the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the sustainable driving mileage of the hybrid electric vehicle is improved, and the defect of insufficient capacity of the lithium battery is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid electric vehicles, in particular to a methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle.
Background
With the consumption of fossil energy such as petroleum and coal, CO in the environment2The concentration is continuously increased, thereby causing the greenhouse effectShould become increasingly significant. Therefore, the concern of clean renewable energy sources is increasing in countries around the world. Because the hydrogen does not contain CO in the reaction process2And NOx, etc., are emitted, and therefore are considered as clean energy sources in the future. Hydrogen gas may be produced by electrolytic water, fossil fuel reforming reaction, and the like. Although the hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water has high purity, the production cost is high, the catalyst is expensive, and a large amount of electric energy needs to be introduced. Fossil energy reforming refers to a reaction in which hydrogen stored therein is utilized to generate hydrogen gas through a heterogeneous reforming reaction. Compared with the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, the hydrogen production by reforming fossil energy has the advantages of cheap catalyst, no need of power supply and high hydrogen production rate.
In addition, gasoline automobiles provide power sources for automobiles by burning gasoline during running, and can discharge harmful gases and substances such as COx, NOx, pM2.5 particulate matters and the like. Therefore, in order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by gasoline automobiles, electric automobiles have been rapidly developed. The electric automobile uses the electric energy stored in the lithium battery as power to provide power to drive the automobile to run. Lithium battery vehicles have the advantage of zero pollutant emissions, but the driving mileage is lower than gasoline vehicles. To overcome the disadvantages of electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles have been developed. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle takes hydrogen as fuel, and the hydrogen is converted into electric energy through the fuel cell, so that energy is provided for the vehicle. Although the hydrogen fuel cell automobile has no harmful gas discharge and has longer driving range compared with the lithium battery automobile, the hydrogen fuel cell automobile needs to be provided with a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. In order to increase the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank as much as possible, the pressure setting thereof is generally greater than 100 MPa. This has high requirements for hydrogen storage materials and virtually increases the cost of fuel cell vehicles. Moreover, the hydrogen refueling station is important for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. However, the number of hydrogen stations in domestic cities is still rare so far, and the city having hydrogen stations is flexible. Therefore, there is a need to design more efficient electric vehicles to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the current electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
At present, the domestic methanol yield is excessive, so the price is low. In addition, methanol-water reforming hydrogen production technologyAnd (5) maturing. The same volume of methanol water and high-pressure hydrogen, the hydrogen obtained by the methanol water through the reforming reaction is 4 times of that of the high-pressure hydrogen, which means that if the methanol water is used as the fuel source of the hydrogen fuel cell, the driving mileage of the hydrogen fuel automobile can be increased under the condition of a certain fuel volume. Based on the above consideration, the invention provides a novel hybrid electric vehicle. The hybrid electric vehicle does not consume gasoline, and the hybrid electric vehicle does not have CO in the driving process2Output and other harmful gases and particles. This contributes to the improvement of the urban air quality. In addition, the electric automobile takes a lithium battery as a built-in power supply, and the lithium battery is charged and discharged to provide power for the electric automobile. Considering the limited capacity of lithium batteries, continuous charging is inevitably required for long-term driving of automobiles. However, in some routes lacking a charging pile, the use of electric vehicles is limited. Therefore, the hybrid power system also comprises a methanol-water hydrogen power system. The hybrid electric vehicle and the gasoline hybrid electric vehicle have the same point that the use mileage and the driving range of the electric vehicle can be widened, and the difference is that the gasoline vehicle can emit a large amount of CO in the driving process2And the problem of incompatibility in the switching between the engine and the gearbox of the oil-electricity hybrid electric vehicle is solved, and the hybrid electric vehicle of the invention takes the lithium battery as a direct power source and does not have the problem of incompatibility in the mutual switching of the generator and the gearbox.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle, which solves the problem that the sustainable driving mileage of the existing pure electric vehicles and oil-electric hybrid electric vehicles is short.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle comprises a controller, a methanol-water reforming device, a hydrogen fuel cell for converting hydrogen prepared by the methanol-water reforming device into chemical energy, a lithium battery, a motor and a vehicle travelling mechanism;
the methanol water reforming device is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell through a pipeline, the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery are respectively electrically connected with a motor, and the motor is in transmission connection with the automobile travelling mechanism and provides power for the automobile travelling mechanism;
the methanol water reforming device comprises a reforming reactor for providing hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell, a fuel tank for providing fuel for the reforming reactor, and a hydrogen purifier;
the fuel tank is connected with the reforming reactor through a pipeline, the reforming reactor is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell through a pipeline, and the hydrogen purifier is arranged on the pipeline between the reforming reactor and the hydrogen fuel cell;
reforming reactor for converting methanol-water fuel into H2And a small amount of impurities such as CO, and the hydrogen purifier is used for purifying the generated H containing impurity gas2Further purification and separation into high purity H2. The hydrogen purified by the hydrogen purifier can be directly used as raw material gas of the fuel cell; the hydrogen generated by the reforming reactor is separated to generate high-purity hydrogen, the hydrogen firstly enters a buffer tank and then enters a hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen fuel cell directly converts part of chemical energy in the hydrogen into electric energy, the rest part of the chemical energy is converted into heat energy, and the heat energy can heat the fuel cell in a high-power battery;
the hydrogen fuel cell is electrically connected with a charging circuit of the lithium battery and is used for charging the lithium battery; the controller is respectively electrically connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, the lithium battery and the reforming reactor and respectively controls the work of the hydrogen fuel cell, the lithium battery, the fuel tank and the reforming reactor.
The hybrid power refers to a power source comprising electric energy stored by a lithium battery and electric energy obtained by converting methanol water; the lithium battery and the motor can be both batteries and motors configured for the existing commercial electric vehicles or oil-electricity hybrid vehicles, so that the existing commercial vehicles are improved, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
Preferably, the lithium battery is provided with two charging lines, the other charging line is electrically connected with an external charging interface which is charged through an external power supply, and the lithium battery can be charged through a hydrogen fuel cell or the external power supply.
Preferably, the fuel tank, the reforming reactor, and the hydrogen fuel cell are detachably provided inside the vehicle body.
Preferably, an electric control switch is arranged on a circuit connecting the hydrogen fuel cell and the lithium battery, and the electric control switch is electrically connected with the control panel and controls the opening and closing of the circuit through the control panel.
Preferably, the control panel is provided inside the vehicle body, typically in the cab, and is operated by instruments within the vehicle.
Preferably, the reforming reactor comprises a heat exchange system, a catalyst bed layer, a heating system and a hydrogen separation and purification system, wherein the heat exchange system, the catalyst bed layer and the hydrogen separation and purification system are sequentially connected; the reaction temperature of the reforming reactor is generally 300-400 ℃, the heat exchange system is used for preheating methanol-water fuel, high-temperature hydrogen generated by reaction and the methanol-water fuel flow into the heat exchange system respectively and are cooled through heat exchange, so that hydrogen with the temperature lower than 100 ℃ is generated, the methanol-water fuel is heated to form steam, the steam enters the catalyst bed layer to react, then the high-temperature hydrogen is continuously generated, and the steam is input into the heat exchange system.
Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with an external line for connection to an external power consumption device through which an external electric appliance or a battery can be charged, and the methanol water reforming device is provided with an external gas supply line for connection to an external device through which high-purity hydrogen gas can be supplied to the external device.
Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with a heat dissipation device, so that heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell is dissipated, and the hydrogen fuel cell is prevented from being too high in temperature, and the heat dissipation device is air-cooled or water-cooled.
The pipelines are all provided with electric control valves electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of different electric control valves.
By adopting the technical scheme, the lithium battery and the hydrogen fuel battery are used as the power supply to drive the motor, and the methanol water reforming device is used for providing fuel for the hydrogen fuel battery, so that the sustainable driving mileage of the hybrid electric vehicle is improved, and the defect of insufficient capacity of the lithium battery is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of components according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reforming reactor in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 10, lithium battery, 20, hydrogen fuel cell, 21, external connection line, 30, reforming reactor, 31, external air supply line, 40, fuel tank, 50, controller.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle provided by the present invention comprises a controller 50, a methanol-water reforming device, a hydrogen fuel cell 20 for converting hydrogen produced by the methanol-water reforming device into chemical energy, a lithium battery 10, an electric motor, and a vehicle traveling mechanism;
the methanol water reforming device is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell 20 through a pipeline, the hydrogen fuel cell 20 and the lithium battery 10 are respectively electrically connected with a motor, and the motor is in transmission connection with the automobile travelling mechanism and provides power for the automobile travelling mechanism;
the methanol-water reforming apparatus includes a reforming reactor 30 for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell 20, a fuel tank 40 for supplying fuel to the reforming reactor 30, a hydrogen purifier;
the fuel tank 40 is connected to the reforming reactor 30 through a pipe, the reforming reactor 30 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 20 through a pipe, and the hydrogen purifier is provided on the pipe between the reforming reactor 30 and the hydrogen fuel cell 20;
reforming reactor 30 converts methanol-water fuel to H2And a small amount of impurities such as CO, and the hydrogen purifier is used for purifying the generated H containing impurity gas2Further purification and separation into high purity H2. The hydrogen purified by the hydrogen purifier can be directly used as raw material gas of the fuel cell; the hydrogen generated by the reforming reactor 30 is separated to generate high-purity hydrogen, the part of the hydrogen firstly enters a buffer tank and then enters the hydrogen fuel cell 20, the hydrogen fuel cell 20 directly converts part of chemical energy in the hydrogen into electric energy, the rest part of the chemical energy is converted into heat energy, and the heat energy can heat the fuel cell in a high-power battery;
the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is electrically connected with a charging circuit of the lithium battery 10 and provides charging for the lithium battery 10; the controller 50 is electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 20, the lithium battery 10, and the reforming reactor 30, and controls operations of the hydrogen fuel cell 20, the lithium battery 10, the fuel tank 40, and the reforming reactor 30, respectively.
The hybrid power refers to a power source including electric energy stored by the lithium battery 10 and electric energy obtained by converting methanol water; the lithium battery 10 and the motor can be both a battery and a motor configured for the existing commercial electric vehicle or oil-electric hybrid vehicle, so that the existing commercial vehicle is modified, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
Further, lithium cell 10 is provided with two way charging lines, another way charging line and the outside interface electric connection that charges through external power source, and lithium cell 10 can charge or external power source charges through hydrogen fuel cell 20.
Further, the fuel tank 40, the reforming reactor 30, and the hydrogen fuel cell 20 are detachably provided inside the vehicle body.
Further, an electric control switch is disposed on a circuit connecting the hydrogen fuel cell 20 and the lithium battery 10, and the electric control switch is electrically connected to the control panel and controls the opening and closing of the circuit through the control panel.
Further, the control panel is provided inside the vehicle body, generally in the cab, and is operated by instruments within the vehicle driver.
Further, the reforming reactor 30 includes a heat exchange system, a catalyst bed, a heating system and a hydrogen separation and purification system, and the heat exchange system, the catalyst bed and the hydrogen separation and purification system are connected in sequence; the reaction temperature of the reforming reactor 30 is generally 300-400 ℃, the heat exchange system is used for preheating the methanol-water fuel, the high-temperature hydrogen generated by the reaction and the methanol-water fuel respectively flow into the heat exchange system and cool the high-temperature hydrogen through heat exchange, so that the hydrogen with the temperature lower than 100 ℃ is generated, the methanol-water fuel is heated to form steam, the steam enters the catalyst bed layer for reaction, then the high-temperature hydrogen is continuously generated, and the steam is input into the heat exchange system.
Further, the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is provided with an external connection line 21 for connection with an external electric device, and can be charged to an external electric appliance or battery through the external connection line 21, and the methanol water reforming device is provided with an external air supply line 31 for connection with an external device, and can supply high-purity hydrogen gas to the external device through the external air supply line 31.
Further, the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is provided with a heat dissipation device, so that heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is dissipated, and the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is prevented from being over-heated, and the heat dissipation device is air-cooled or water-cooled.
The above pipelines are all provided with electric control valves electrically connected with the controller 50, and the controller 50 controls the opening and closing of different electric control valves.
The working principle is as follows:
the fuel tank 40 supplies methanol-water fuel to the reforming reactor 30 through a pipeline, the methanol-water fuel reacts in the reforming reactor 30 to generate hydrogen gas, the generated hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen fuel cell 20 through a pipeline, the hydrogen gas reacts in the hydrogen fuel cell 20 to convert chemical energy into electric energy, and simultaneously, product water is generated, and the hydrogen fuel cell 20 charges the lithium battery 10 through a pipeline. The fuel tank 40 delivers fuel to the reforming reactor 30, the reforming reactor 30 delivers hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell 20, and the hydrogen fuel cell 20 charges the lithium battery 10 are monitored and controlled by the controller 50. The fuel tank 40, the reforming reactor 30, the hydrogen fuel cell 20, and the controller 50 constitute a methanol-water hydrogen power system of the hybrid vehicle. When the methanol-water hydrogen power system is started, the controller 50 firstly starts the reforming reactor 30 to reform hydrogen through a control line. When the catalyst bed in the reforming reactor 30 reaches the optimum reaction temperature, the controller 50 sends a signal to the fuel tank 40 through a control line to start the motor and open an electrically controlled valve on a line between the fuel tank 40 and the reforming reactor 30, and the fuel tank 40 supplies methanol-water fuel to the reforming reactor 30. When the fuel tank 40 delivers fuel to the reforming reactor 30, it is ensured that there is sufficient fuel in the fuel tank 40 to ensure that methanol water can be continuously delivered to the reforming reactor 30. To ensure the supply of fuel in fuel tank 40, a level sensor (not labeled) is disposed in fuel tank 40, and when methanol water in fuel tank 40 is lower than a warning line, the sensor transmits a signal to controller 50, and controller 50 sends a signal to fill methanol water fuel. If the methanol water in the fuel tank 40 is below the alarm line and the reforming reactor 30 is in a standby state, the controller 50 will alert the refueling and refuse to start up the reforming reactor 30.
The methanol-water fuel reacts in the reforming reactor 30 to first produce lower purity hydrogen gas, including CO and CO2. The hydrogen of lower purity is filtered through a palladium membrane filter in the reforming reactor 30 to obtain hydrogen of high purity (99.99%), a part of the hydrogen is branched for use in combustion heat release of a heater of a heating system in the reforming reactor 30, and the heat released from the heater is used for heating a catalyst bed in the reforming reactor 30. Another portion of the high-purity hydrogen gas is first reduced to about 60 c by the heat exchange means of the heat exchange system and then sent to the hydrogen fuel cell 20 through a pipe. The hydrogen fuel cell 20 starts the warm-up after the controller 50 sends a start-up warm-up signal to the reforming reactor 30. The signal to start the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is sent by the controller 50 through a control line. The hydrogen fuel cell 20 oxidizes high purity hydrogen gas to H + at the anode and reduces oxygen in the air to O2 "at the cathode while passing current through the circuit. The current generated in the hydrogen fuel cell 20 can charge the lithium battery 10. Since the hydrogen fuel cell 20 emits a large amount of heat during operation, a heat sink (not shown) is provided, which is not shown, to prevent the hydrogen fuel cell 20 from being excessively hot during the reaction.
The electricity generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is charged to the lithium battery 10 through a line, and this process is monitored by the controller 50. When the electricity in the lithium battery 10 is about to be exhausted, the controller 50 monitors a signal from the lithium battery 10 to automatically start the methanol-water hydrogen power system, gradually converts the hydrogen stored in the methanol-water into hydrogen and electric energy through the reforming reactor 30 and the hydrogen fuel cell 20, and charges the lithium battery 10. When the amount of electricity in the lithium battery 10 is full or sufficient, the controller 50 does not automatically send a start signal to the methanol-water-hydrogen power system. However, the methanol-water hydrogen power system may be further provided with an external circuit 21 and an external charging connection line, which can charge an external device, typically a storage battery or a lithium battery 10. In this case, the methanol-water hydrogen power system cannot charge the lithium battery 10.
The reforming reactor 30 in the methanol-water hydrogen power system can supply high-purity hydrogen gas to other devices or equipment, such as the hydrogen fuel cell 20 or a combustion device, through an external gas supply line 31 in addition to the hydrogen fuel cell 20, thereby further expanding the functions of the methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle. When the reforming reactor 30 supplies hydrogen to the outside, it should be ensured that the methanol water power system does not charge the lithium battery 10, i.e., the lithium battery 10 should be in a state of sufficient electric quantity. The instruction to supply hydrogen gas to the outside of the reforming reactor 30 is still issued from the controller 50, at which time a notification is issued through an operation screen or button on the controller 50 to start the preheating of the reforming reactor 30 and the delivery of methanol-water fuel from the fuel tank 40. When the controller 50 starts the hydrogen production function, the reforming reactor 30 starts to operate, and the heater therein heats the catalyst reaction bed to the reaction temperature under the combined action of the heating couple and the heat released by the combustion of hydrogen gas. When the catalyst bed temperature reaches the reaction temperature, the controller 50 automatically activates the motor to deliver the fuel in the fuel tank 40 to the reforming reactor 30. The reforming reactor 30 supplies the prepared high-purity hydrogen gas to the outside through the external gas supply line 31 without supplying the hydrogen gas to the hydrogen fuel cell 20. The hydrogen fuel cell 20 is in a standby or off state, and the piping connecting the reforming reactor 30 to the hydrogen fuel cell 20 is in an off state.
FIG. 2 shows the power structure of a methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle which is designed and modified according to the scheme. As shown in fig. 2, a lithium battery 10 of an automobile is placed at a head position near a steering wheel of the automobile. The controller 50 is also located in the head position with its control panel or buttons set in the steering wheel position (not labeled). The hydrogen fuel cell 20, the reforming reactor 30, and the fuel tank 40 are located at the rear of the vehicle in such a manner that: the fuel tank 40, the reforming reactor 30, and the hydrogen fuel cell 20 are stacked from bottom to top, so that the occupied space in the vehicle can be reduced. The external connection line 21 of the hydrogen fuel cell 20 and the external air supply line 31 of the reforming reactor 30 can be directly led out from the interior of the automobile, such as a door or a trunk, without additionally opening a tunnel in the automobile, thereby saving the cost and the modification cost of the automobile.
Fig. 3 discloses a structure of the reforming reactor 30, which can be referred to in patent application No. 201910722116.9. The reforming reactor 30 is constituted by a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber, a purification chamber, and the like. Methanol-water fuel enters a preheating base and a coil pipe (not marked) in the reforming chamber from two water inlet pipes respectively to be gasified into gas, and then enters a reaction tube nest in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen with lower purity. The hydrogen with lower purity enters a purification chamber to generate high-purity hydrogen (99.99%), wherein one part of the hydrogen flows back to a combustion chamber (for providing fuel for the combustion chamber), and the other part of the hydrogen enters a methanation reactor to further pass trace CO or CO in the gas2Conversion to CH4And then passed to the hydrogen fuel cell 20.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a methanol-water hybrid vehicle which characterized in that: comprises a methanol water reforming device, a hydrogen fuel cell (20), a lithium battery (10), a motor and an automobile travelling mechanism;
the hydrogen fuel cell (20) and the lithium battery (10) are respectively electrically connected with a motor, and the motor is in transmission connection with the automobile travelling mechanism and provides power for the automobile travelling mechanism;
the methanol-water reforming apparatus includes a reforming reactor (30) for supplying hydrogen gas to a hydrogen fuel cell (20), a fuel tank (40) for supplying fuel to the reforming reactor (30);
the fuel tank (40) is connected with the reforming reactor (30) through a pipeline, and the reforming reactor (30) is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell (20) through a pipeline;
the hydrogen fuel cell (20) is electrically connected with a charging circuit of the lithium battery (10) and provides charging for the lithium battery (10).
2. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: lithium cell (10) are provided with two way charging lines, another way charging line and the outside interface electric connection that charges through external power source.
3. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel tank (40), the reforming reactor (30) and the hydrogen fuel cell (20) are detachably arranged in the vehicle body.
4. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: an electric control switch is arranged on a circuit connecting the hydrogen fuel cell (20) and the lithium battery (10), and the electric control switch is electrically connected with the control panel and controls the opening and closing of the circuit through the control panel.
5. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control panel is disposed inside the vehicle body and is operated by instruments within the vehicle driving.
6. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reforming reactor (30) comprises a heat exchange system, a catalyst bed layer, a heating system and a hydrogen separation and purification system, wherein the heat exchange system, the catalyst bed layer and the hydrogen separation and purification system are sequentially connected.
7. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen fuel cell (20) is provided with an external line (21) for connecting with an external power consumption device, and the methanol-water reforming device is provided with an external air supply line (31) for connecting with an external device.
8. The methanol-water hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen fuel cell (20) is provided with a heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device adopts air cooling or water cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010225107.1A CN111301185A (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010225107.1A CN111301185A (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Methanol-water hybrid electric vehicle |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111711182A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 广东能创科技有限公司 | Star-shaped topological structure hydrogen energy power supply system for forest park monitoring |
| CN111900444A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 强伟氢能科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle small methanol reforming fuel cell power distribution device and application method |
| CN112599816A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Commercial vehicle for methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell |
| CN114105096A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-01 | 湖南大学 | Methanol-water reforming hydrogen production system and hydrogen production method thereof |
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- 2020-03-26 CN CN202010225107.1A patent/CN111301185A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111711182A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 广东能创科技有限公司 | Star-shaped topological structure hydrogen energy power supply system for forest park monitoring |
| CN111900444A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 强伟氢能科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle small methanol reforming fuel cell power distribution device and application method |
| CN111900444B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-07-18 | 广东能创科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle small-sized methanol reforming fuel cell power distribution device and application method |
| CN112599816A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Commercial vehicle for methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell |
| CN114105096A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-01 | 湖南大学 | Methanol-water reforming hydrogen production system and hydrogen production method thereof |
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