CN111300588A - Preparation method of archaized brick and special mould thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an antique brick and a special mould thereof, wherein the mould comprises a bottom plate, a front baffle plate, a rear baffle plate, a left side plate and a right side plate, the front baffle plate, the rear baffle plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are sequentially connected end to end and are arranged above the bottom plate, the front baffle plate, the rear baffle plate, the left side plate and the right side plate and the bottom plate jointly enclose a cavity without a top cover, a plurality of forming plates are arranged in the cavity, the preparation method of the antique brick comprises the steps of proportioning raw materials according to a certain proportion, filling a mould after stirring, demoulding after curing under certain conditions, and then curing to obtain the antique brick, on one hand, the antique brick prepared by the invention can reduce the volume weight of building blocks and save the material cost, on the other hand, closed air can be used as a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation effect is greatly improved, the wall body can, the heat-insulating effect can be well achieved without an additional heat-insulating layer.

Description

Preparation method of archaized brick and special mould thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of archaized brick processing, in particular to a preparation method of an archaized brick and a special mould thereof.

Background

Nowadays, beautiful villages are built in rural areas and are rapidly promoted, but the ancient and unsophisticated residences are mostly blocked by reinforced concrete, and beautiful ecology is more and more far away from people. Therefore, the construction of beautiful villages pays attention to the characteristics of countryside and folk custom, the characteristics of countryside are highlighted, the original taste and flavor of the construction style are kept as much as possible, and the construction of beautiful villages cannot be simply changed into the miniature version of cities. The method is suitable for the requirements of rural construction, and has important significance in producing high-quality building blocks which have the advantages of antique imitation, heat preservation, high strength, natural decoration, higher hollow rate and innovation.

The northwest Henan region has abundant resources such as shale and coal gangue, is mainly used for sintering standard solid bricks of rural buildings, has light red to dark red color and luster, and is deeply loved by people. But the standard brick has smaller specification, poor heat preservation effect and resource waste, and can not meet the requirement of new rural construction. In recent years, in order to promote national building energy saving work, the national construction department makes a plurality of standards and regulations (such as JGJ26-86, JGJ26-95 civil building energy saving design standards (heating and living construction part) and the like), and the proportion of building energy saving is gradually increased, which provides a basis for the energy saving work of buildings in China, in particular the energy saving leap-type development of buildings in villages.

The energy-saving building is applied to energy-saving projects of ten countries. The building energy consumption of China currently accounts for 12-20% of the whole national energy consumption; with the economic year increase rate of 7-8%, the building energy consumption is gradually improved. The existing building area of urban and rural areas of China reaches 420 hundred million m a few years ago²It is predicted to reach 690 hundred million m by 2020²Above, but only 3.2 hundred million m in cities²The buildings can be called energy-saving buildings, the occupied proportion is extremely low, and the buildings in vast rural areas almost have no heat preservation. A large amount of energy is wasted due to heating and air conditioning refrigeration of buildings every year. According to statistics, in 2010, only the air conditioning power load in each place of China is relative to the full-load power generation capacity of 5 three gorges power stations, and if heating is carried out in winter, the energy consumption is more remarkable, and the method becomes a major problem influencing sustainable development of China. Therefore, in order to relieve energy shortage and national sustainable development, the national force is required to be enforced, and building energy conservation is accelerated.

The development of external thermal insulation systems for external walls is started in the 60 s, and then thermal insulation, energy conservation and environmental protection are still strange words for people. When one realizes that the winter heating/summer cooling cost accounts for 80% of the total energy cost of a living room, it is of course desirable to save it. At the same timeExhaust gas CO caused by heating in winter and cooling in summer₂The air is continuously increased, and the caused greenhouse effect can cause climate change and even worsen. If a building can have a good "heat preservation system", energy will be saved considerably-especially for the reconstruction of new houses and old houses in vast rural areas.

The popularization and application of the building energy-saving wall heat-insulating technology and products in China are started in the middle of the 80 th century, and at the time, products such as perlite, composite silicate, sepiolite, external wall heat-insulating mortar compounded with organic silicon and the like are mainly promoted, and the products occupy a large market in the early stage of wall heat insulation and energy saving in northern areas. In 1996, in order to accelerate the development of building energy conservation, the standard of 50% of energy conservation in the second step was issued in China. With the improvement of energy-saving standards, the performance indexes of the products are difficult to meet the standard requirements. Most importantly, the scale of the product is generally small, the production equipment is too simple, the control requirement of the production process is not strict, and the quality is difficult to control in the construction process, so that more problems occur in the engineering. By 2000 years or so, the product gradually quits the building energy-saving market in northern areas. In recent years, with the rapid development of external wall insulation system technology and products, the wall insulation energy-saving technology in China makes European and American developed countries, which have earlier developed building energy-saving work in China for decades, look at the same.

The market of building energy-saving external wall heat insulation in China has developed into an industry with various varieties, various technical structures and huge product demand. The system popularized and applied in the market comprises a foaming polyphenyl board (EPS board) thin-plastered external thermal insulation system for an external wall, a mechanical fixed foaming polyphenyl board steel wire mesh frame board external thermal insulation system, a rubber powder polyphenyl particle external thermal insulation system for an external wall, a foaming polyphenyl board cast-in-place concrete external thermal insulation system, an extruded polyphenyl board (XPS board) external thermal insulation system, a rubber powder polyphenyl particle composite external thermal insulation system for an external wall, a polyurethane (cast-in-place, sprayed and board type) external thermal insulation system, an expanded and vitrified micro-bead external thermal insulation system for an external wall, a wall self-thermal insulation system, a composite thermal insulation system and a thermal insulation and decoration integrated system and the like.

Thousands of external wall insulation material enterprises exist in China, but the whole technology research and development strength is insufficient, only a very few enterprises have technical development and innovation capabilities, the number of original technical products of the enterprises is small, and the number of the enterprises having patent technologies or technical products identified through provincial scientific and technological achievements is smaller.

Although the external wall heat-insulating system technology in China has wide market space, from the aspect of popularization and use, the most obvious problems of cracking, hollowing, falling, water seepage, fire prevention and the like exist, and the safety of the building and the durability of heat insulation are seriously influenced, so that the heat-insulating energy-saving method of simply wearing a coat on the wall has many defects in the aspect of the current situation, and the current heat-insulating system is only suitable for heat insulation of urban buildings and does not have a heat-insulating product suitable for vast rural buildings.

How to fundamentally solve the defects in the aspect of heat insulation of the existing wall body, achieve the same service life of the heat insulation material and the building, meet the requirements of urban and rural buildings, and become a difficult problem to be solved urgently in all countries in the world. At present, some enterprises begin to research and improve the self heat preservation performance of the building blocks to replace the mode of adding the heat preservation layer outside the building blocks, so that a large amount of cost and construction time are saved, fire can be prevented, the durability is greatly improved, and large breakthroughs are not made due to various factors (particularly heat bridges, cost, preparation complexity and the like).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a preparation method of an antique brick and a special mould thereof, which can reduce the volume weight of a building block and save the material cost on one hand, and can greatly improve the heat insulation effect by using closed air as a heat insulation layer on the other hand, really realize direct masonry of a wall body to form composite heat insulation, and can achieve good heat insulation effect without using an additional heat insulation layer.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a production mould for archaize brick, the mould includes bottom plate, preceding baffle, backplate, left side board and right side board, the setting that preceding baffle, backplate, left side board and right side board connect gradually end to end is in the top of bottom plate, just preceding baffle, backplate, left side board and right side board enclose into a cavity that does not have the top cap with the bottom plate jointly, are provided with a plurality of profiled sheeting in this cavity.

Furthermore, a plurality of mounting holes have been seted up on the bottom plate, and a plurality of mounting hole and a plurality of profiled sheeting one-to-one set up, and the bottom of profiled sheeting is installed on the bottom plate, sets up in the cavity behind the mounting hole that corresponds is passed on the top of profiled sheeting.

Furthermore, the front baffle, the rear baffle, the left side plate and the right side plate are all detachably mounted on the bottom plate.

Further, the inboard of left side board and the inboard of right side board all are provided with the sand grip, and this sand grip includes horizontal sand grip and vertical sand grip.

A preparation method of an antique brick comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing the following components in parts by volume: 1-4 parts of cement, 2-3 parts of sand, 1.5-2.5 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of shale and 4.5-5.5 parts of water are mixed and stirred, the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, the stirring time is 100-600 s, and slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following aspects: by arranging the forming plates, hollow belts are formed at the forming plates when the archaized bricks are molded by casting, so that the volume weight of the building blocks can be reduced, the material cost is saved, and on the other hand, the closed air can be used as a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation effect is greatly improved, the wall can be directly built to form composite heat insulation, and a good heat insulation effect can be achieved without an additional heat insulation layer;

the front baffle, the rear baffle, the left side plate and the right side plate are all detachably mounted on the bottom plate. Thus, the release agent can be coated on the inner sides of the front baffle, the rear baffle, the left side plate and the right side plate, and when the mold is required to be released, the front baffle, the rear baffle, the left side plate and the right side plate can be respectively detached, so that the mold is convenient to release;

through setting up horizontal sand grip and indulge the sand grip can be when the ceramic tile modelled after an antique is cast moulding, its left surface and right flank have the apparent line of ancient brick, have kept the outward appearance of ceramic tile modelled after an antique, improve the sight.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the base plate of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the right side plate of the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the bottom plate, 101, mounting hole, 2, preceding baffle, 3, backplate, 4, right side board, 401, horizontal sand grip, 402, vertical sand grip, 5, left side board, 6, profiled sheeting.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and specific operations of the embodiments are provided on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

According to the attached drawing, a production mould for archaize brick, the mould includes bottom plate 1, preceding baffle 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and right side board 4, the setting that preceding baffle 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and 4 end to end of right side board connected gradually is in the top of bottom plate 1, just preceding baffle 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and right side board 4 enclose into a cavity that does not have the top cap jointly with bottom plate 1, is provided with a plurality of profiled sheeting 6 in this cavity.

A plurality of mounting hole 101 has been seted up on bottom plate 1, and a plurality of mounting hole 101 sets up with a plurality of forming plate 6 one-to-one, and the bottom of forming plate 6 is installed on bottom plate 1, sets up in the cavity behind the mounting hole 101 that corresponds is passed on the top of forming plate 6. The number of the forming plates 6 is 8, the forming plates 6 are arranged in 2 rows and are arranged on the bottom plate 1, the number of each row of forming plates is 4, and the two rows of forming plates are mutually parallel and are symmetrically arranged one by one; by arranging the forming plate 6, the hollow belt is formed at the forming plate when the archaized brick is cast, so that the volume weight of the building block can be reduced, the material cost is saved, and on the other hand, the closed air can be used as a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation effect is greatly improved, the wall body can be directly built to form composite heat insulation, and a good heat insulation effect can be achieved without an additional heat insulation layer;

preceding baffle 2, backplate 3, left side board 5 and right side board 4 all detachable install on bottom plate 1. Therefore, the release agent can be coated on the inner sides of the front baffle 2, the rear baffle 3, the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 4, when the mold is required to be released, the front baffle 2, the rear baffle 3, the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 4 can be respectively detached, and the mold is convenient to release;

the inboard of left side board 5 and the inboard of right side board 4 all are provided with the sand grip, and this sand grip includes horizontal sand grip 401 and vertical sand grip 402. Can be when the ancient brick is cast moulding through setting up horizontal sand grip 401 and vertical sand grip 402, its left surface and right flank have the apparent line of ancient brick, have kept the outward appearance of ancient brick, improve the sight.

A preparation method of an antique brick comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing the following components in parts by volume: 1-4 parts of cement, 2-3 parts of sand, 1.5-2.5 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of shale and 4.5-5.5 parts of water are mixed and stirred, the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, the stirring time is 100-600 s, and slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick, which can be also called as a building block.

The archaizing brick of this patent is self preservation temperature hollow block, and its heat preservation performance is realized mainly through hollow type, and intensity is the key of building block safety, and this experiment is mainly tested the intensity of carrying out the archaizing brick. The number of test specimens is designed by adopting a uniform design method to design test factors and levels.

Example 2

The number of the archaizing bricks and the batching conditions are as follows:

mixing 20 archaized bricks according to the mixing ratio, wherein the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 100-600 s, so as to obtain slurry with the water content of 35-45%;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

Example 3

The number of the archaizing bricks and the batching conditions are as follows:

mixing the materials according to the mixing ratio, wherein the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 100-600 s, so that slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

Example 4

The number of the archaizing bricks and the batching conditions are as follows:

mixing the materials according to the mixing ratio, wherein the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 100-600 s, so that slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

Example 5

The number of the archaizing bricks and the batching conditions are as follows:

mixing the materials according to the mixing ratio, wherein the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 100-600 s, so that slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

Example 6

The number of the archaizing bricks and the batching conditions are as follows:

mixing the materials according to the mixing ratio, wherein the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 100-600 s, so that slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

The building of this patent is quick, the durability of wall body is fabulous, use cost is lower. The building block is manufactured by adopting a compression molding mode, the specification is mainly 240 × 115mm, the characteristics of the archaized brick are highlighted, and a 10mm wide waist line is designed in the center of the building block. Thus, the heat preservation and the appearance of the archaized brick can be kept.

The strength of the self-insulation archaized brick building block prepared by the invention meets the national standard of bearing building blocks, the porosity reaches more than 25%, and the volume weight is respectively controlled at 550kg/m³~800kg/m³；

The heat insulation effect of the building block is not lower than that of an aerated concrete building block, so that the building block is natural and attractive after a wall body is built by the building block, and the heat insulation property and strength of the building block meet the national heat insulation building requirements; the building block has excellent performances of durability, fire resistance, permeability resistance, freezing resistance and the like, and can have the same service life as a building.

The technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention are not limited, and the same solutions or effects as those of the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. It is further noted that relational terms may be used herein to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a production mould for archaize brick which characterized in that: the die comprises a bottom plate (1), a front baffle (2), a rear baffle (3), a left side plate (5) and a right side plate (4), wherein the front baffle (2), the rear baffle (3), the left side plate (5) and the right side plate (4) are sequentially connected end to end and are arranged above the bottom plate (1), the front baffle (2), the rear baffle (3), the left side plate (5) and the right side plate (4) and the bottom plate (1) jointly enclose a cavity without a top cover, and a plurality of forming plates (6) are arranged in the cavity.

2. The mold for producing antique bricks according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of mounting holes (101) are formed in the bottom plate (1), the mounting holes (101) are in one-to-one correspondence with the forming plates (6), the bottom ends of the forming plates (6) are mounted on the bottom plate (1), and the top ends of the forming plates (6) are arranged in the cavity after penetrating through the corresponding mounting holes (101).

3. The mold for producing antique bricks according to claim 1, wherein: the front baffle (2), the rear baffle (3), the left side plate (5) and the right side plate (4) are all detachably mounted on the bottom plate (1).

4. The mold for producing antique bricks according to claim 1, wherein: the inboard of left side board (5) and the inboard of right side board (4) all are provided with the sand grip, and this sand grip includes horizontal sand grip (401) and vertical sand grip (402).

5. The method for preparing the archaized brick according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing the following components in parts by volume: 1-4 parts of cement, 2-3 parts of sand, 1.5-2.5 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of shale and 4.5-5.5 parts of water are mixed and stirred, the stirring temperature is 5-30 ℃, the stirring time is 100-600 s, and slurry with the water content of 35-45% is obtained;

step two, pouring the slurry obtained in the step one into a cavity of the mold for mold filling, and vibrating and tamping while pouring;

step three, placing the mold uniformly filled in the step two on a curing field, covering a plastic film, curing under the temperature condition of 15-20 ℃ and the relative humidity condition of 40-60%, and demolding after standing for three days to obtain a blank body;

and step four, spraying water to the demolded blank in the step three to enable the relative humidity of the blank to be 40-60%, and continuously maintaining for 43-48 days to obtain the archaized brick.

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