CN111299482A - Steel ball forging production method and production device - Google Patents
Steel ball forging production method and production device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111299482A CN111299482A CN202010254297.XA CN202010254297A CN111299482A CN 111299482 A CN111299482 A CN 111299482A CN 202010254297 A CN202010254297 A CN 202010254297A CN 111299482 A CN111299482 A CN 111299482A
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- forging
- steel ball
- steel
- ball
- pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
- B21J13/12—Turning means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/02—Making machine elements balls, rolls, or rollers, e.g. for bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a steel ball forging production method, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a steel bar blank; s2, forging and pressing the steel bar blank in three directions of the three-dimensional space to obtain a steel ball, wherein two phases in the three directions are vertical, and the first forging and pressing are along the axial direction of the steel bar blank; and S3, performing heat treatment on the steel ball. Still provide a steel ball and forge apparatus for producing, it includes: the forging die comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein an upper ball socket is arranged in the upper die, and a lower ball socket is arranged in the lower die; the manipulator is used for clamping a blank; the forging and pressing die and the manipulator are matched to forge and press the steel bar blank in three directions, every two directions of the three directions are perpendicular to each other, and the steel bar blank is forged and pressed for the first time in the axial direction. The processing time can be reduced, the labor can be reduced, and the safety can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel ball forging production method and a steel ball forging production device.
Background
In the steel ball manufacturing process, casting and forging are generally used. In the forging process, the steel bar blank is forged and pressed to prepare the steel ball, and the forging and pressing directions are multiple directions. And in the forging process, the steel ball is turned over manually by tools such as long clamps and the like, and the steel ball is forged in multiple directions. Not only needs larger labor force, but also has long processing time and low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steel ball forging production method which can reduce the processing time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a steel ball forging production method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a steel bar blank;
s2, forging and pressing the steel bar blank in three directions of the three-dimensional space to obtain a steel ball, wherein two phases in the three directions are vertical, and the first forging and pressing are along the axial direction of the steel bar blank;
and S3, performing heat treatment on the steel ball.
Optionally, in S1, preparing the steel bar blank includes heating the steel bar blank to 1120 ± 5 ℃.
Optionally, in S3, the heat treating the steel ball includes quenching at a temperature of 950 ± 3 ℃.
Optionally, in the step S2, two manipulators are used to turn the steel ball, and the manipulator is switched between the second forging and the third forging.
Optionally, the overall dimension of the forged steel ball is scanned by laser, and the repair forging is performed according to the scanned spherical dimension.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the steel ball forging production method, the steel ball is forged and pressed in three directions, every two of the three directions are perpendicular to each other, and the steel ball is forged and pressed for the first time in the axial direction of the steel bar blank, so that the steel ball can be well formed only by forging and pressing for three times, and the processing time is reduced.
The invention also aims to provide a steel ball forging production device which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a steel ball forging production device, which comprises:
the forging die comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein an upper ball socket is arranged in the upper die, and a lower ball socket is arranged in the lower die;
the manipulator is used for clamping a blank;
the forging and pressing die and the manipulator are matched to forge and press the steel bar blank in three directions, every two directions of the forging and pressing die and the manipulator are perpendicular to each other, and the forging and pressing die and the manipulator are firstly forged and pressed into the axial direction of the steel bar blank.
Optionally, the manipulator is provided with a clamp, the clamp comprises a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod, the end portions of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are provided with clamping ends used for tightly abutting against the blank, and the first supporting rod or the second supporting rod can rotate along the axis of the second supporting rod.
Further, still install actuating mechanism on the manipulator, actuating mechanism is used for driving first branch or the second branch is rotatory.
Optionally, the depth of the upper ball socket or the lower ball socket is smaller than the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured.
Further, the depth of the upper ball socket or the lower ball socket accounts for about 4/5 of the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the steel ball forging production device, the manipulator clamps the blank, the forging and pressing die and the manipulator are matched to forge and press the steel bar blank in three directions, the steel bar blank is forged and pressed in the axial direction of the steel bar blank for the first time, so that the steel ball can be well formed only by three times of forging and pressing, and the processing time is reduced. And the machining efficiency is improved and the safety is also improved due to the matching of the mechanical arm.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the steps of the steel ball forging method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manipulator of the steel ball forging apparatus for taking steel bar blanks;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first forging operation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the shape of the billet after sequential forging;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a gripper mounted on a robot;
wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. forging and pressing the die;
2. a manipulator;
3. clamping;
4. an upper die;
5. a lower die;
6. an upper ball socket;
7. a lower ball socket;
8. a first support bar;
9. a second support bar;
10. a clamping end;
11. a drive mechanism;
12. a steel bar blank;
13. a cylinder;
14. a first clamp arm;
15. and a second clamping arm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in FIG. 1, the steel ball forging production method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a steel bar blank;
s2, forging and pressing the steel bar blank in three directions of the three-dimensional space to obtain a steel ball, wherein two phases in the three directions are vertical, and the first forging and pressing are along the axial direction of the steel bar blank;
and S3, performing heat treatment on the steel ball.
In S1, preparing the steel rod blank includes heating the steel rod blank to a forging temperature of 1120 ± 5 ℃.
S2 includes turning the steel ball by at least one manipulator to reduce labor and improve efficiency and safety.
In the embodiment, two manipulators are used for overturning the steel ball, only one manipulator needs to be used when the first forging pressure is switched to the second forging pressure because the steel ball only needs to be rotated by 90 degrees, and the other manipulator needs to be used when the second forging pressure is switched to the third forging pressure because the steel ball needs to be rotated by 90 degrees after the clamping point of the steel ball is changed. The second manipulator is placed near a new clamping point in advance, and after the second forging and pressing is finished, the second manipulator can be started to clamp the steel ball immediately, so that the time for rotating the steel ball is shortened, the temperature for cooling the steel ball is reduced, and the quality of the steel ball is improved.
In S3, the heat treatment of the steel ball includes quenching at a temperature of 950 ± 3 ℃.
As shown in fig. 2, the robot 2 is used for production, thereby improving safety and production efficiency.
In fig. 2, a gripper 3 is mounted on the manipulator 2 for assisting in taking the steel bar billet 12 heated to the forging temperature.
As shown in fig. 3, the manipulator 2 grips the steel bar billet 12 and then conveys the steel bar billet 12 to the forging die 1.
The forging die 1 includes an upper die 4 and a lower die 5. The upper mould tool 4 has an upper socket 6 (actually part of a sphere, schematically illustrated as a circular arc for ease of viewing) and the lower mould tool 5 has a lower socket 7.
The lower die 5 is fixed, the upper die 4 is pressed downward, the steel bar blank 12 is extruded, the steel bar blank 12 is deformed and filled in the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7, this is the first forging, and the steel bar blank 12 is deformed into a blank with the shape shown in b in fig. 4 after the first forging. The direction of the first forging is the direction of the line l in a of fig. 4, i.e. the axis of the steel bar blank.
In this example, the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 are not completely hemispherical, the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 are slightly smaller than the hemispherical surface, and the depth of the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 is about 4/5 of the radius of the steel ball. And when the stamping stroke of the upper die 4 to the lower die 5 is finished, the upper die 4 and the lower die 5 are away from each other by a certain distance, so that the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 form a part of the same sphere to ensure the roundness of the steel ball. After the first forging, a flange-type bulge is formed at about the equator of the intermediate shape b of the blank in fig. 4, and the flange-type bulge is to be further compacted.
The depths of the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 are smaller than the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured, so that on one hand, the bad phenomena of convex lines and the like are not easy to form on the surface of the steel ball, and the steel ball is favorably compacted; on the other hand, demolding is facilitated due to the reduction in the area of the envelope of the upper socket 6 or the lower socket 7.
In this example, the depth of the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 is smaller than the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured, in other embodiments, the depth of only the upper ball socket 6 or only the lower ball socket 7 may be smaller than the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured, and the depth of the other ball socket may be equal to the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured.
After the first forging, as shown in fig. 4, the steel ball is rotated 90 ° around the horizontal axis m in b, and the second forging is performed, still by pressing down the upper die 4, and the blank shape shown in fig. 4 c is formed after the second forging.
After the second forging pressing is finished, the blank is rotated by 90 degrees around the horizontal axis n in the c, and third forging pressing is carried out, and the third forging pressing is also realized by downward stamping of the upper die 4. Finally, a steel ball d is manufactured.
In this example, two lines of l, m, and n are perpendicular to each other, so that two phases are perpendicular to the three pressing directions of the blank (in this example, the pressing directions of the blank are switched because the blank is rotated although the upper die 4 presses downward).
After three times of forging and pressing, the upper ball socket 6 and the lower ball socket 7 cover the whole spherical surface, so that the steel ball is ensured to have better roundness.
In order to reduce labor, improve efficiency and improve production safety, the present example employs a robot to turn the blank.
As shown in fig. 5, the structure of the clamp 3 mounted on the manipulator is schematically illustrated, the clamp 3 includes a first clamping arm 14 and a second clamping arm 15, a first support rod 8 is disposed on the first clamping arm 14, and a second support rod 9 is disposed on the second clamping arm 15. Both the first and second struts 8, 9 are rotatable along their own axes. The end parts of the first supporting rod 8 and the second supporting rod 9 are provided with clamping ends 10 for tightly abutting against the blank, and the structures of the two clamping ends 10 can be the same or different. The clamping end 10 may be disc-shaped to improve clamping stability.
The clamp 3 further comprises a driving mechanism 11, the driving mechanism 11 can be a servo motor or a pneumatic motor, and the driving mechanism 11 is mounted on the first clamping arm 14. Of course, the driving mechanism 11 may not be mounted on the first clamp arm 14 or the second clamp arm 15. The drive mechanism 11 is used to drive the first bar 8 to rotate, thereby rotating the blank when clamped.
The clamp 3 of this example is further provided with a link and a cylinder 13 to drive the first and second clamp arms 14 and 15 to open or clamp.
After the clamp 3 places the steel bar blank at the station, the first forging is carried out, in the forging process, the clamp 3 loosens the steel bar blank to allow the blank to be transversely deformed, and after the first forging is finished, the clamp 3 re-clamps the blank at the same position and rotates 90 degrees along a horizontal shaft (m-axis in figure 4). Followed by a second forging. The jaws 3 (or the robot) are removed during the second forging. Before the second forging operation is completed, the second jaw 3 (also the second manipulator) is ready to be brought into the vicinity of the new gripping point, which is the original two gripping points horizontally rotated by 90 ° around the centre of the billet. And immediately after the second forging, the second jaw 3 can be activated to grip the billet and rotate it by 90 ° (around the axis n in fig. 4), followed by the activation of the third forging. The main purpose of adopting another manipulator when the second forging is switched to the third forging is to reduce the time required for turning over the blank, thereby reducing the cooling amplitude of the steel ball and further ensuring the product quality.
The steel ball forging and pressing device is further provided with a laser scanning assembly (not shown in the figure), the laser scanning assembly is used for scanning the overall dimension of the forged steel ball, an instruction is fed back to the mechanical arm according to the scanning result, the mechanical arm overturns the steel ball to the angle expected by the instruction according to the instruction, and the steel ball is subjected to repair forging and pressing again, namely, the part protruding out of the spherical surface of the steel ball is corrected through forging and pressing, so that the correction purpose is achieved. The laser scanning and repairing process ensures the forming quality of the steel ball.
In the embodiment, the manipulator is adopted to turn the blank, three times of forging and pressing are carried out, workers are liberated to manufacture, the processing time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; meanwhile, safety accidents of staff are avoided; in addition, good working conditions are provided, so that equipment faults can be found and eliminated in time.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A steel ball forging production method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a steel bar blank;
s2, forging and pressing the steel bar blank in three directions of the three-dimensional space to obtain a steel ball, wherein two phases in the three directions are vertical, and the first forging and pressing are along the axial direction of the steel bar blank;
and S3, performing heat treatment on the steel ball.
2. The steel ball forging production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S1, preparing the steel bar blank includes heating the steel bar blank to 1120 ± 5 ℃.
3. The steel ball forging production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the heat treatment of the steel ball comprises quenching at 950 +/-3 ℃.
4. The steel ball forging production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S2, overturning the steel ball by using two manipulators, and switching the manipulators between the second forging and the third forging.
5. The method for producing by forging a steel ball according to claim 1, further comprising: and (5) carrying out repair forging and pressing according to the scanning spherical size by utilizing the laser scanning forging and pressing steel ball overall dimension.
6. A steel ball forging apparatus for producing, characterized in that, it includes:
the forging die (1) comprises an upper die (4) and a lower die (5), wherein an upper ball socket (6) is arranged in the upper die (4), and a lower ball socket (7) is arranged in the lower die (5);
the manipulator (2) is used for clamping a blank;
the forging and pressing die (1) and the manipulator (2) are matched to forge and press the steel bar blank in three directions, every two directions of the three directions are perpendicular to each other, and the forging and pressing for the first time are in the axial direction of the steel bar blank.
7. The steel ball forging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: install clamp (3) on manipulator (2), clamp (3) are including first branch (8) and second branch (9), first branch (8) with the tip of second branch (9) is provided with and is used for supporting centre gripping end (10) of tight blank, first branch (8) or second branch (9) can be followed the axis rotation of itself.
8. The steel ball forging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: still install actuating mechanism (11) on manipulator (2), actuating mechanism (11) are used for the drive first branch (8) or second branch (9) are rotatory.
9. The steel ball forging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the depth of the upper ball socket (6) or the lower ball socket (7) is smaller than the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured.
10. The steel ball forging apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the depth of the upper ball socket (6) or the lower ball socket (7) accounts for about 4/5 of the radius of the steel ball to be manufactured.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010254297.XA CN111299482B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Steel ball forging production method and production device |
| PCT/CN2020/132817 WO2021196683A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-11-30 | Steel ball forging production method and production apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010254297.XA CN111299482B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Steel ball forging production method and production device |
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| CN111299482A true CN111299482A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
| CN111299482B CN111299482B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| CN202010254297.XA Active CN111299482B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Steel ball forging production method and production device |
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| CN (1) | CN111299482B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021196683A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112387915A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-23 | 湖北中冶窑炉有限公司 | A turn-down rig for wear-resisting ball is forged and is beaten |
| CN112792285A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-14 | 常熟市龙特耐磨球有限公司 | Steel ball overturning and forging device |
| CN113102673A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 山东中天重工有限公司 | Forging ball production is with secondary heat treatment forging and pressing adjusting device |
| WO2021196683A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-07 | 常熟市龙特耐磨球有限公司 | Steel ball forging production method and production apparatus |
| CN115213333A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-21 | 常熟非凡新材股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant steel ball forging device for mining machinery research and development |
| CN116117053A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏精艺钢球有限公司 | Forging equipment of wear-resisting steel ball |
| CN117399997A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-01-16 | 安徽省金盛磷铜科技有限公司 | Automatic processing equipment for bright phosphor copper balls |
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| CN116603964A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏东方乐器有限公司 | Processing device for accordion gong |
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| CN113102673A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 山东中天重工有限公司 | Forging ball production is with secondary heat treatment forging and pressing adjusting device |
| CN115213333A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-21 | 常熟非凡新材股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant steel ball forging device for mining machinery research and development |
| CN115213333B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-02-28 | 常熟非凡新材股份有限公司 | A wear-resisting steel ball forges and beats device for mining machinery research and development |
| CN116117053A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏精艺钢球有限公司 | Forging equipment of wear-resisting steel ball |
| CN116117053B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-06-27 | 江苏精艺钢球有限公司 | Forging equipment of wear-resisting steel ball |
| CN117399997A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-01-16 | 安徽省金盛磷铜科技有限公司 | Automatic processing equipment for bright phosphor copper balls |
| CN117399997B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-03-22 | 安徽省金盛磷铜科技有限公司 | Automatic processing equipment for bright phosphor copper balls |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021196683A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
| CN111299482B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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