CN111298638A - Post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste - Google Patents
Post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111298638A CN111298638A CN202010224982.8A CN202010224982A CN111298638A CN 111298638 A CN111298638 A CN 111298638A CN 202010224982 A CN202010224982 A CN 202010224982A CN 111298638 A CN111298638 A CN 111298638A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
A post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste comprises the following steps: carrying out evaporation drying operation on the colloidal waste, and collecting exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying to obtain mixed wet gas containing water vapor; introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into the biotrickling filter device, spraying, adsorbing and removing impurities from the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, discharging the clean gas, controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5-1 m/s, and controlling the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device to be 5-8 s. Through collecting the exhaust, avoid directly discharging to the environment in, through the edulcoration of biological trickling filter device, the control flow rate is 0.5m/s ~ 1m/s, and dwell time is 5s ~ 8s, guarantees that the mixed humid gas that contains vapor stays sufficient time, guarantees to carry out abundant absorption decomposition to harmful substance such as volatile organic substance, and degree of depth edulcoration guarantees to obtain clean gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste.
Background
Along with the rapid development of industrialization, the environmental pollution is more and more serious, wherein waste gas is one of the causes of the environmental pollution, the waste gas refers to toxic and harmful gas discharged by human in the production and living processes, especially chemical plants, steel plants, pharmaceutical plants, coking plants, oil refineries and the like, the discharged waste gas has large smell and seriously pollutes the environment and influences the human health, if a large amount of industrial waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being untreated to reach the standard, the quality of the atmospheric environment is inevitably reduced, serious harm is brought to the human health, huge loss is caused to national economy, the exhaust gas generated in industrial production needs to be treated, and the environment pollution is avoided.
However, when domestic waste is treated, domestic sewage, industrial concentrated waste liquid and sludge all contain a large amount of water, and the waste generally needs to be dewatered, and the dewatering method generally includes direct airing, mechanical dewatering or evaporation drying, wherein the evaporation drying can remove the water in the waste more quickly, and when the evaporation drying is adopted to evaporate and dewater the waste, the generated exhaust gas is difficult to avoid the overflow of harmful substances such as volatile organic substances in the waste, which can cause pollution to the environment and surrounding residents, and can also affect the health of workers who treat the domestic waste and industrial waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a post-treatment process for removing impurities from exhaust gas formed by evaporation of colloidal waste, which can effectively reduce the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gas formed by evaporation of colloidal waste.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste comprises the following steps:
carrying out evaporation drying operation on the colloidal waste, and collecting exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying to obtain mixed wet gas containing water vapor;
and introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into a biological trickling filter device, spraying, adsorbing and removing impurities from the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor through a biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device to obtain clean gas, discharging the clean gas, controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5-1 m/s, and controlling the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter device to be 5-8 s.
In one embodiment, the spraying operation is carried out, and the spraying water amount is controlled to be 0.65L/m3～0.95L/m3。
In one embodiment, in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and purified by the biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device, nutrient substances are also added into the biological trickling filter device.
In one embodiment, the nutrients comprise urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
In one embodiment, the temperature in the bio-trickling filter device is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter device.
In one embodiment, in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device, the pH value in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 6.8-7.2.
In one embodiment, in the spraying operation, the spraying liquid is also recycled, and the spraying liquid is introduced into the circulating device for recycling.
In one embodiment, in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device, the liquid level height in the biological trickling filter device is controlled to be 0.65 m-0.75 m.
In one embodiment, the spraying operation is carried out, and the spraying water amount is controlled to be 0.88L/m3。
In one embodiment, in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by the biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device, the liquid level height in the biological trickling filter device is controlled to be 0.72 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the aftertreatment process for the exhaust formed by evaporating the colloidal waste obtains the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor by collecting the exhaust formed by evaporation and drying, avoids the direct emission to the environment and the pollution to the environment and the influence on the health of workers, removes the impurities such as volatile organic matters and the like contained in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor by introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into the biological trickling filter device after the adsorption and the impurity removal are carried out by the biological filler layer, effectively removes the harmful substances in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to obtain the clean gas, and then emits the clean gas into the environment, thereby avoiding the pollution to the environment and the influence on the health of the workers, moreover, by controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5m/s to 1m/s and controlling the residence time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter device to be 5s to 8s, can guarantee that the mixed wet gas containing water vapor stays for enough time in the biological trickling filter, and guarantee that the biological flora in the biological filler layer fully absorbs and decomposes harmful substances such as volatile organic substances, thereby realizing deep impurity removal, guaranteeing to obtain clean gas, and having simple, convenient and safe treatment process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a post-treatment process for evaporating colloidal waste to form exhaust gas in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
To better explain the post-treatment process of evaporating the colloidal waste to form the exhaust gas, the concept of the post-treatment process of evaporating the colloidal waste to form the exhaust gas is better understood.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a post-treatment process for evaporating colloidal waste to form exhaust gas includes the following steps:
and S110, carrying out evaporation drying operation on the colloidal waste, and collecting exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying to obtain mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
It should be noted that, when evaporation drying operation is carried out to the colloidal waste, because in the evaporation drying process, there is the easily volatile organic matter condition of spilling over in the colloidal waste inevitably, these easily volatile organic matters can cause the influence to the environment in directly discharging to the environment, also can cause the influence to people's health and life around living, through carrying out evaporation drying to the colloidal waste, and collect the exhaust that evaporation drying formed, obtain the mixed humid gas that contains vapor, avoid directly discharging in the environment, cause the pollution to the environment, avoid influencing the staff health, and collect the exhaust that colloidal waste evaporation drying formed in unison, be favorable to follow-up unified processing.
In order to reduce the overflow of harmful substances in the colloidal waste and reduce the treatment pressure of a subsequent biological trickling filtration device, in one embodiment, the method further comprises a preparation method of the colloidal waste, and the preparation method of the colloidal waste comprises the following steps: providing waste, introducing the waste and a pH regulator into a first pH regulation reaction kettle, and regulating the pH of the waste to 6.8-7.2 to obtain neutral waste; introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into a first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into a second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 6.8-7.2 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution; introducing a catalyst and water into a second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution; and introducing the neutral waste, the neutral sodium silicate mixed solution and the catalyst aqueous solution into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring, and then standing to gelatinize to solidify the waste into colloid, thereby obtaining the colloid waste. The method for preparing the wastes has the advantages that the pH of the wastes is adjusted to 6.8-7.2, and the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution is adjusted to 6.8-7.2, so that the neutral wastes with neutral pH value and the neutral sodium silicate mixed solution are obtained, a neutral treatment environment is formed, the wastes are treated in the neutral environment, the secondary pollution of acid and alkali in the waste treatment process is avoided, the secondary pollution and the influence on the environment are avoided, the wastes are treated in the neutral environment, the odor is favorably reduced, meanwhile, the wastes, the sodium silicate mixed solution and the catalyst are respectively pretreated, the wastes, the sodium silicate mixed solution and the catalyst can reach a uniform state, the wastes, the sodium silicate mixed solution and the catalyst are more uniformly mixed when being mixed and reacted, and the formation of colloidal wastes is favorably promoted, and be favorable to inside even and stable cubic network structure of quick formation of colloidal discarded object, that is to say, can conveniently solidify going on of gelatinizing reaction, and the cubic network structure of the colloidal discarded object that obtains is stable, and the cubic network structure that forms can catch harmful substance molecule, and the harmful substance molecule that significantly reduces spills over, avoids the stench to the overflow of harmful substance when the evaporation drying is carried out to colloidal discarded object in the follow-up that significantly reduces, reduces the colloidal discarded object evaporation and forms carminative aftertreatment's the degree of difficulty.
In order to further reduce the overflow of harmful substances in the colloidal waste and reduce the difficulty of the post-treatment of the exhaust gas formed by evaporation of the colloidal waste, in one embodiment, the step of performing evaporation drying on the colloidal waste specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, providing colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
It should be noted that the method is to collect the domestic and industrial wastes, to perform the gelling treatment on the domestic and industrial wastes to obtain the colloidal wastes, which have the tackiness to facilitate the capture of harmful molecules, to avoid the overflow of harmful substances and to avoid the offensive odor, to contain the obtained colloidal wastes in a container with meshes, and to place the container with meshes containing the colloidal wastes in a drying machine, so as to place the colloidal wastes in the drying machine, to place the wastes in the container with meshes to facilitate the evaporation and drying treatment, so as to evaporate and overflow the moisture of the colloidal wastes and facilitate the normal operation of evaporation and drying, and it can be understood that the wastes are the emissions generated in the production, daily life and other social activities, the emissions include domestic sewage and sludge, industrial concentrated waste liquid and sludge, sludge generated in construction sites and the like, and the domestic sewage and sludge and industrial waste liquid and sludge all affect the environment, for example, river sediment, ditch sediment, lake sediment, pit-piled sludge, factory splashed sludge, chemical nickel plating waste liquid and the like all pollute the environment, have malodor at the same time, and all need to be treated to avoid polluting the environment.
S20, providing dry gas, introducing the dry gas into a drying machine, performing evaporation drying operation on the colloidal waste gas, performing air draft, keeping ventilation, controlling the evaporation drying temperature to be 22-28 ℃, and the evaporation drying time to be 24-36 h to obtain dry waste, wherein the humidity of the dry gas is 40-45% RH.
The colloidal waste is placed in a drying machine for drying, and is subjected to evaporation drying treatment by introducing drying gas with the humidity of 40% RH-45% RH, so as to evaporate and remove the moisture in the colloidal waste, because the colloidal waste to be evaporated and dried has higher humidity and can form a humidity difference with the drying gas with the humidity of 40% RH-45% RH, the drying gas with the humidity of 40% RH-45% RH can evaporate and dehumidify the colloidal waste, so as to evaporate the moisture in the colloidal waste to obtain water vapor, and the water vapor is ventilated through ventilation, so that the moisture in the colloidal waste can be continuously evaporated into water vapor and taken away, thereby realizing the evaporation drying of the colloidal waste, and as water molecules are evaporated and removed through evaporation drying, the internal structure binding force of the colloidal waste is increased and contracted, and as the water molecules are further evaporated and removed, the inside askew change of emergence of gelatineous discarded object, the fracture obtains dry discarded object, and the dry discarded object that obtains is sand matter property, realizes the processing to the discarded object, greatly reduced the weight and the volume of discarded object, can obtain the dry discarded object that the moisture content is 15% ~ 30%, and the dewatering effect is obvious, and can avoid harmful substance molecule to spill over, avoids the stench, can not cause the influence to surrounding environment and operating personnel, avoids causing pollution and influence to the environment, and the processing procedure is simple and convenient safety.
Wherein, the evaporation drying temperature is controlled to be 22-28 ℃, water molecules in the colloidal waste can be evaporated into steam under the condition of ventilation, and the boiling points of other harmful substances are high, the water molecules are not easy to volatilize at the temperature of 22-28 ℃ and are continuously retained in the colloidal waste, therefore, in the evaporation drying treatment process of the colloidal waste, the water molecules are easy to evaporate and volatilize and remove, and the harmful substances are not easy to volatilize and overflow at the moment, the molecule of the harmful substances can be reduced to overflow, thereby reducing the volatilization and removal of the water molecules which are difficult to form the exhaust after-treatment by the evaporation of the subsequent colloidal waste, greatly reducing the weight and the volume of the waste, having simple, convenient and safe treatment process, and carrying out the evaporation drying under the temperature condition of 22-28 ℃, having simple drying condition, low cost of energy required to be input, being easy to operate and realize, and greatly, in addition, when the drying time is less than 24 hours, the evaporation drying time is too short, the colloidal waste also contains more moisture and has higher moisture content, so that the dried waste obtained after drying has heavier weight and is not beneficial to subsequent recovery treatment, when the drying time is more than 36 hours, the evaporation drying time is too long, the moisture in the colloidal waste is basically volatilized and removed, and the drying time is continuously increased.
In one embodiment, the drying gas is introduced into a drying machine, evaporation drying operation is carried out on the colloidal waste gas, air draft is carried out, and ventilation is kept, wherein the flow speed of the drying gas is controlled to be 0.45-0.55 m/s. It should be noted that when evaporation drying is performed on colloidal waste, an air draft operation is required to be performed, and a ventilation state of treatment in the drying machine is maintained, so that the colloidal waste in the drying machine can be continuously evaporated and dried, moisture in the colloidal waste is removed and taken away to obtain dried waste, when a circulation speed of the drying gas is less than 0.45m/s, a circulation speed of the drying gas in the drying machine is slow, the water vapor obtained by evaporation cannot be timely taken out of the drying machine, so that evaporation drying efficiency is affected, when the circulation speed of the drying gas is greater than 0.55m/s, a circulation speed of the drying gas in the drying machine is too fast, and although the water vapor obtained by evaporation can be quickly taken away, more energy needs to be input and the usage amount of the drying air needs to be increased, so that operation cost is increased, and the circulation speed of the drying gas is too fast, the removal of the waste from the colloidal waste cannot be sufficiently carried out, and the waste of resources is caused, and it is preferable to control the flow rate of the dry gas to 0.45m/s to 0.55m/s in consideration of the total.
S120, introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into a biotrickling filter device, performing spraying operation, adsorbing and removing impurities from the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, discharging the clean gas, controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5-1 m/S, and controlling the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device to be 5-8S.
It is to be noted that, the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is introduced into the biotrickling filter device from the bottom of the biotrickling filter device, and volatile organic matters in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor are absorbed by the biological flora in the biological filler layer and decomposed into harmless carbon dioxide and water in the rising process of the mixed wet gas containing water vapor in the biotrickling filter device and then discharged into the environment to avoid polluting the environment and influencing the health of operators, in addition, the mixed wet gas containing water vapor can be cooled to facilitate cooling the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into water, and the obtained water can be mixed into spray liquid to facilitate subsequent recycling together with the spray liquid, so as to recycle the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor.
Wherein, the flow velocity of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 0.5 m/s-1 m/s, when the flow velocity of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is less than 0.5m/s, the flow velocity is too slow, harmful substances in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor are basically absorbed and treated, the treatment efficiency is influenced when the flow velocity is too slow, when the flow velocity of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is more than 1m/s, the flow velocity is too fast, on one hand, the situation that the harmful substances in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor are not completely removed can exist, on the other hand, the absorption and decomposition pressure of the biological flora to the harmful substances is greatly increased, under the comprehensive consideration, the flow velocity of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 0.5 m/s-1 m/s, and on the other hand, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter is controlled to be 5 s-8, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter is prevented from being too long or too short, and the harmful substances in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor are fully removed.
In one embodiment, the spraying water amount is controlled to be 0.65L/m in the spraying operation3～0.95L/m3. It can be understood that the spraying operation can play a role in cooling, is beneficial to cooling and removing the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor, and simultaneously can keep the biological filler layer moist, when the spraying water amount is less than 0.65L/m3When the amount of sprayed water is more than 0.95L/m, the removal of water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is not facilitated, and the growth of biological flora is possibly influenced, so that the removal efficiency of harmful substances is influenced3When the water amount is too large, more water resources are needed to be invested, the treatment cost is greatly increased, and the water amount is controlled to be 0.65L/m under comprehensive consideration3～0.95L/m3. For example, in the spraying operation, the spraying water amount is controlled to be 0.88L/m3. Therefore, the spraying water quantity is moderate, and the spraying effect is good.
In one embodiment, nutrients are further added to the bio-trickling filter device during the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter device. It can be understood that in the process of the biological flora absorbing and degrading the volatile organic compounds, the volatile organic compounds can provide a carbon source required by the biological flora for growth, but other elements are required by the biological flora for growth, and by adding nutrients, other required elements can be provided for the biological flora growth, so as to ensure the normal growth of the biological flora, thereby ensuring the normal absorption and decomposition of the biological flora on the volatile organic compounds, ensuring the normal removal of the volatile organic compounds, and avoiding affecting the removal of the volatile organic compounds, for example, the nutrients include urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. The urea contains nitrogen elements, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate contains phosphorus elements, and the urea and the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate can provide the nitrogen elements and the phosphorus elements required by the growth of the biological floras and ensure the normal growth of the biological floras.
In one embodiment, the temperature in the bio-trickling filter device is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ in the operation of obtaining the clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and purified by a bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter device. It should be noted that, the temperature in the bio-trickling filter is controlled to 18 ℃ to 22 ℃, on one hand, the normal living environment of the bio-flora can be ensured, on the other hand, the temperature reduction effect on the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is achieved, which is beneficial for cooling the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into water to be mixed into the spray liquid, so that the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor can be recycled together with the spray liquid, and the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is recycled, when the temperature in the bio-trickling filter is lower than 18 ℃, the temperature is too low, although the cooling of the water vapor in the mixed wet gas containing water vapor can be promoted, the temperature is too low, which is not beneficial for the growth of the bio-flora, which affects the removal of harmful substances such as volatile organic matters and the like by the bio-trickling filter, and affects the treatment effect, when the temperature in the bio-trickling filter is higher than 22 ℃, the temperature is too high, which, meanwhile, the growth of the biological flora is also influenced by the overhigh temperature, so the temperature in the biological trickling filter is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ under the comprehensive consideration.
In one embodiment, the pH value in the bio-trickling filter device is controlled to be 6.8-7.2 in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter device. It should be noted that the pH value in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 6.8-7.2, that is, the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be kept in a neutral environment, the growth of biological flora is facilitated in the neutral environment, the effective removal of volatile organic compounds can be ensured, the obtaining of clean gas is further ensured, and the pollution to the environment is further avoided.
In one embodiment, the spray operation is performed by recovering the spray liquid and introducing the spray liquid into the circulating device for recycling. It should be noted that, when the spraying treatment is performed, and the spraying liquid passes through the biological filler layer, when the biological filler layer is wetted, a part of biological flora can be taken away, that is, the spraying liquid contains biological flora, the spraying liquid is recycled, and the biological flora in the spraying liquid can be circularly sprayed into the biological trickling filter device for recycling, so that direct discharge is avoided, resource waste is caused, resource recycling is realized, and energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
In one embodiment, the liquid level in the biological trickling filter device is controlled to be 0.65m to 0.75m in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device. For example, the liquid level in the biological trickling filter device is controlled to be 0.65m, 0.68m, 0.7m, 0.72m or 0.75m, so that the liquid level in the biological trickling filter device can be prevented from being too high, and the circulation of the spray liquid is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the aftertreatment process for the exhaust formed by evaporating the colloidal waste obtains the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor by collecting the exhaust formed by evaporation and drying, avoids the direct emission to the environment and the pollution to the environment and the influence on the health of workers, removes the impurities such as volatile organic matters and the like contained in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor by introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into the biological trickling filter device after the adsorption and the impurity removal are carried out by the biological filler layer, effectively removes the harmful substances in the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to obtain the clean gas, and then emits the clean gas into the environment, thereby avoiding the pollution to the environment and the influence on the health of the workers, moreover, by controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5m/s to 1m/s and controlling the residence time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter device to be 5s to 8s, can guarantee that the mixed wet gas containing water vapor stays for enough time in the biological trickling filter, and guarantee that the biological flora in the biological filler layer fully absorbs and decomposes harmful substances such as volatile organic substances, thereby realizing deep impurity removal, guaranteeing to obtain clean gas, and having simple, convenient and safe treatment process.
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments.
Example 1
Providing 15L of chemical nickel waste liquid as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 6.8 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 6.8 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 3min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 2min, standing for gelling for 3min to solidify the waste into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out the dry dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 45% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to go up convulsions, keep ventilating, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.45m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 22 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 24h, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.65L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and subjected to impurity removal through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 0.5m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 5s, and the temperature in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 18 ℃.
Example 2
Providing 15L of chemical nickel waste liquid as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 7.2 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 7.2 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 4min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 2.5min, standing for gelling for 4min, allowing the waste to be cured into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out the dry dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 42% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to convulsions keep ventilating, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.5m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 24 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 30h, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.8L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and subjected to impurity removal through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 0.8m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 7s, and the temperature in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 20 ℃.
Example 3
Providing 15L of chemical nickel waste liquid as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 7 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 7 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 5min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 3min, standing for gelling for 5min to solidify the waste into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out the dry dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 40% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to go up convulsions, keep the ventilation, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.55m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 28 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 36h, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.95L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and subjected to impurity removal through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 1m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 8s, and the temperature in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 22 ℃.
Example 4
Providing 10L of river sludge as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 7 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 7 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 5min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 3min, standing for gelling for 5min to solidify the waste into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out the dry dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 40% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to go up convulsions, keep the ventilation, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.55m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 28 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 36h, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.95L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and subjected to impurity removal through a biological filler layer in the biotrickling filter device to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 1m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 8s, and the temperature in the biotrickling filter device is controlled to be 22 ℃.
Example 5
Providing 15L of chemical nickel waste liquid as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 7 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 7 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 5min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 3min, standing for gelling for 5min to solidify the waste into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out drying and dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 40% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to go up convulsions, keep ventilating, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.55m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 28 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 36h, and is still right colloidal waste overturns the operation, and the upset number of times is 18, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.95L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and purified by a biological filler layer in a biological trickling filter to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are added into the biological trickling filter, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 1m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter is 8s, and the temperature in the biological trickling filter is controlled to be 22 ℃.
Example 6
Providing 10L of river sludge as waste, introducing the waste and a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide into a first pH adjusting reaction kettle, and adjusting the pH of the waste to 7 to obtain neutral waste.
And introducing sodium silicate, a catalyst and water into the first pretreatment reaction kettle, stirring to obtain a sodium silicate mixed solution, introducing the sodium silicate mixed solution and sulfuric acid into the second pH adjustment reaction kettle, stirring, and adjusting the pH of the sodium silicate mixed solution to 7 to obtain a neutral sodium silicate mixed solution.
And (3) introducing the catalyst and water into the second pretreatment reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain a catalyst aqueous solution.
The method comprises the steps of firstly introducing the neutral waste and the mixed solution of neutral sodium silicate into a waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 5min, introducing the catalyst aqueous solution into the waste curing reaction tank, stirring for 3min, standing for gelling for 5min to solidify the waste into gel to obtain colloidal waste, and placing the colloidal waste into a drying machine.
Carry out drying and dehumidification to the air through air dryer, obtain the drying gas that humidity is 40% RH, will drying gas lets in the desiccator, right evaporation drying operation is carried out to colloidal waste to go up convulsions, keep ventilating, control drying gas's circulation speed is 0.55m/s, and control evaporation drying temperature is 28 ℃, and evaporation drying time is 36h, and is still right colloidal waste overturns the operation, and the upset number of times is 18, obtains dry waste.
The exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying is collected to obtain a mixed wet gas containing water vapor.
Introducing the mixed wet gas containing water vapor into a biological trickling filter, spraying, and controlling the spraying water amount to be 0.95L/m3The mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is adsorbed and purified by a biological filler layer in a biological trickling filter to obtain clean gas, the clean gas is discharged, urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are added into the biological trickling filter, the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor is controlled to be 1m/s, the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter is 8s, and the temperature in the biological trickling filter is controlled to be 22 ℃.
In each of the above examples, the weight of the waste of examples 1 to 6 was measured using a silicate molecular sieve as a catalyst, and the weight reduction rate of the waste was calculated from the measurement results obtained by measuring the dried waste of examples 1 to 6, and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the weight reduction rate of the chemical nickel waste liquid in examples 1 to 3 and 5 is above 60%, and sandy waste with low water content can be obtained, the weight reduction rate of the river sludge in examples 4 and 6 is above 50%, and sandy waste with low water content can also be obtained, so that the weight of the chemical nickel waste liquid and the river sludge can be greatly reduced, and the subsequent collection and treatment of the chemical nickel waste liquid and the river sludge are facilitated, the water removal effect of the chemical nickel waste liquid and the river sludge is good, the removal rate of volatile organic matters after the evaporation drying exhaust gas is post-treated in examples 1 to 6 is above 90%, and the environmental pollution caused by the evaporation drying exhaust gas can be greatly reduced, in particular, the drying in examples 5 and 6 is performed with a turning operation, so as to further remove the water in the chemical nickel waste liquid and the river sludge, and in addition, the embodiment 5 and 6 also add urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate into the biological trickling filter device as nutrient substances for the growth of biological flora, the removal rate of volatile organic compounds after the evaporation drying exhaust is post-treated reaches more than 95%, that is to say, the water removal effect of the waste is optimal, the post-treatment effect of the exhaust is optimal, and no odor exists in the drying process of the embodiment 1 to 6, which can not affect operators, the post-treatment process of the evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust reduces the weight of the waste, avoids the overflow of harmful substance molecules, avoids the odor, and has simple, convenient and safe treatment process.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A post-treatment process for exhaust formed by evaporation of colloidal waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out evaporation drying operation on the colloidal waste, and collecting exhaust gas formed by evaporation drying to obtain mixed wet gas containing water vapor;
and introducing the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor into a biological trickling filter device, spraying, adsorbing and removing impurities from the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor through a biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device to obtain clean gas, discharging the clean gas, controlling the flow rate of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor to be 0.5-1 m/s, and controlling the retention time of the mixed wet gas containing the water vapor in the biological trickling filter device to be 5-8 s.
2. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the spraying operation is performed while controlling the amount of sprayed water to be 0.65L/m3～0.95L/m3。
3. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein nutrients are further added to the bio-trickling filter in operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by the bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the nutrients include urea and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
5. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature in the bio-trickling filter is controlled to 18-22 ℃ during the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by the bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter.
6. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a biological filler layer in the biological trickling filter device, the pH value in the biological trickling filter device is controlled to be 6.8-7.2.
7. The post-treatment process for evaporating colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying operation is carried out by recovering the spraying liquid and introducing the spraying liquid into the circulating device for recycling.
8. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid level in the bio-trickling filter is controlled to be 0.65 m-0.75 m in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by a bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter.
9. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying operation is performed while controlling the amount of water sprayed to be 0.88L/m3。
10. The post-treatment process for evaporation of colloidal waste to form exhaust gas as claimed in claim 9, wherein the liquid level in the bio-trickling filter is controlled to 0.72m in the operation of obtaining clean gas after the mixed wet gas containing water vapor is adsorbed and decontaminated by the bio-filler layer in the bio-trickling filter.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114307589A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆宏锐环保科技发展有限公司 | Sewage peculiar smell treatment method based on environmental engineering remediation |
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