CN111298485A - Yellow ginger saponin draws preprocessing device - Google Patents
Yellow ginger saponin draws preprocessing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111298485A CN111298485A CN202010121262.9A CN202010121262A CN111298485A CN 111298485 A CN111298485 A CN 111298485A CN 202010121262 A CN202010121262 A CN 202010121262A CN 111298485 A CN111298485 A CN 111298485A
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- bevel gear
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- 244000062245 Hedychium flavescens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- -1 Yellow ginger saponin Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- DWCSNWXARWMZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trigonegenin A Natural products CC1C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CCC(O)C=C4CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 DWCSNWXARWMZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-VKROHFNGSA-N diosgenin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@]2(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CC[C@H](O)CC4=CC[C@H]3[C@@H]2C1)C)[C@@H]1C)[C@]11CC[C@@H](C)CO1 WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-VKROHFNGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diosgenin Natural products CC1C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CCC(O)CC4=CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000008991 Curcuma longa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013976 turmeric Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- HDXIQHTUNGFJIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (25R)-spirost-5-en-3beta-ol 3-O-<O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside> Natural products O1C2(OCC(C)CC2)C(C)C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CC5)C)C1CC2C3CC=C4CC5OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C)C(O)C(O)C1O HDXIQHTUNGFJIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNONINPVFQTJOC-RXEYMUOJSA-N Collettiside III Natural products O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)[C@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]5[C@H](C)[C@@]6(O[C@H]5C4)OC[C@H](C)CC6)CC3)CC=2)CC1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 VNONINPVFQTJOC-RXEYMUOJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNONINPVFQTJOC-ZGXDEBHDSA-N dioscin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1)O)O[C@@H]1CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@]4(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@@H]([C@]1(OC[C@H](C)CC1)O5)C)[C@@H]1O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O VNONINPVFQTJOC-ZGXDEBHDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJNUQCDDINHHHD-APRUHSSNSA-N dioscin Natural products C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(OC1)O[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@@H]5CC=C6C[C@H](CC[C@@H]6[C@H]5CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3[C@@H]2C)O[C@@H]7O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@@H]8O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]8O)[C@H](O)[C@H]7O[C@@H]9O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]9O CJNUQCDDINHHHD-APRUHSSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VNONINPVFQTJOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N polyphyllin III Natural products O1C2(OCC(C)CC2)C(C)C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CC5)C)C1CC2C3CC=C4CC5OC(C(C1O)OC2C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O2)O)OC(CO)C1OC1OC(C)C(O)C(O)C1O VNONINPVFQTJOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
- B01D21/262—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a centrifuge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J71/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to saponin, in particular to a turmeric saponin extraction pretreatment device. The invention aims to provide a pretreatment device for extracting diosgenin. A pretreatment device for extracting diosgenin comprises a support frame, a control screen, a motor, a mud removing mechanism, a cellulose separating mechanism, a starch separating mechanism and a storage cabin; a control screen is arranged at the left part of the bottom end in the supporting frame; the motor is arranged at the middle left part of the top end of the support frame; the left middle top part in the support frame is provided with a mud removing mechanism. The method has the advantages of effectively cleaning soil carried on the surface of the yellow ginger, avoiding the loss of diosgenin dissolved in water due to water cleaning, separating cellulose and starch in the yellow ginger through cutting, squeezing and centrifugal precipitation, avoiding the starch and the cellulose in the yellow ginger from being damaged and unavailable in the acid hydrolysis process, and simultaneously hydrolyzing the starch into glucose to generate a large amount of organic pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to saponin, in particular to a turmeric saponin extraction pretreatment device.
Background
The traditional processing technology of the diosgenin basically comprises the following steps: crushing, pre-fermentation, acidolysis, hydrolysate extraction and saponin extraction, wherein the pollution mainly comes from the hydrolysate processing process. The process only utilizes the saponin in the yellow ginger, and wastes other substances such as starch, cellulose and the like, so that the substances become pollutants and enter the wastewater, thereby wasting resources and increasing the difficulty of wastewater treatment. The key technical link of the traditional process is to break off the glycoside bond by acid hydrolysis, but at the same time, the starch in the yellow ginger is also hydrolyzed into glucose, so that a large amount of organic pollutants are generated, and the organic pollutants become the main pollution source of the wastewater. According to conservative estimation, the organic matter generated after starch hydrolysis contributes at least more than 80% to COD in the wastewater. At present, turmeric is mainly used for producing saponin in industry, but the turmeric saponin extraction process generates a large amount of waste water and pollutes the environment, the main problems are that acid hydrolysis is carried out when the yam saponin is converted into the saponin, a large amount of acid waste water is generated, the waste water is difficult to treat, and simultaneously, the resources such as cellulose, starch and the like in the saponin cannot be well utilized, so that the BOD and COD of the waste water are very high.
In the prior art, Chinese patent CN105039485A discloses a method for improving the extraction yield of diosgenin by cleaning fresh turmeric and removing impurities to obtain crushed product; then pretreating the crushed material for 24 hours by adopting a method of controlling the temperature in a single section and keeping the pH at 5-6 and a method of cooperatively regulating the pH by combining section temperature control with section temperature control, then transferring the fermented crushed material into a hydrolysis bottle for acid hydrolysis, regulating the separated hydrolysate to be neutral, and drying the hydrolysate to prepare a primary extract: the method for preparing the diosgenin after drying the extract overcomes the problem that the yield of the diosgenin still has a large space for improvement, but because cellulose and starch in the turmeric are not extracted and treated, the starch and the cellulose in the turmeric are damaged and cannot be utilized in the acid hydrolysis process, and simultaneously, the starch is hydrolyzed into glucose to generate a large amount of organic pollutants.
And the obtained saponin is greatly reduced because the diosgenin dissolved in water is lost when the sediment on the surface of the yellow ginger is removed by directly washing with water.
In summary, there is a need to develop a diosgenin extracting and pre-treating device that can effectively clean the soil on the surface of yellow ginger, avoid the loss of diosgenin dissolved in water due to water washing, separate out cellulose and starch in yellow ginger through cutting, squeezing and centrifugal precipitation, avoid the starch and cellulose in yellow ginger from being damaged and unusable in the acid hydrolysis process, and simultaneously prevent starch from being hydrolyzed into glucose, and generate a large amount of organic pollutants, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art that the cellulose and starch in yellow ginger are not extracted and treated, so that starch and cellulose in yellow ginger are damaged and unusable in the acid hydrolysis process, and starch is hydrolyzed into glucose, and a large amount of organic pollutants are generated, and when the silt on the surface of yellow ginger is removed, the diosgenin dissolved in water can be lost due to direct water washing, the prepared saponin has greatly reduced defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that cellulose and starch in yellow ginger are not extracted and treated in the prior art, so that the starch and the cellulose in the yellow ginger are damaged and cannot be utilized in the acid hydrolysis process, the starch is hydrolyzed into glucose, a large amount of organic pollutants are generated, and when sediment on the surface of the yellow ginger is removed, diosgenin dissolved in water is lost along with the diosgenin directly washed by water, so that the prepared saponin is greatly reduced.
The invention is achieved by the following specific technical means:
a pretreatment device for extracting diosgenin comprises a support frame, a control screen, a motor, a mud removing mechanism, a cellulose separating mechanism, a starch separating mechanism and a storage cabin; a control screen is arranged at the left part of the bottom end in the supporting frame; the motor is arranged at the middle left part of the top end of the support frame; a mud removing mechanism is arranged at the top of the left middle part in the supporting frame; a cellulose separation mechanism is arranged at the middle-right top part in the support frame, the top part of the left end of the cellulose separation mechanism is connected with a motor, and the left part of the bottom end of the cellulose separation mechanism is connected with a mud removal mechanism; the right end in the supporting frame is provided with a starch separating mechanism, and the top of the left end of the starch separating mechanism is connected with a cellulose separating mechanism; the middle part of the bottom end in the supporting frame is provided with a storage cabin.
Further, the mud removing mechanism comprises a first driving wheel, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first semi-column gear, a second semi-column gear, a first spring, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear, a second driving wheel, a third driving wheel, a rotating deflector rod, a rotating plate, a balancing rod, a second spring, a vibrating rod, a mud collecting box, a first filter screen, a fourth driving wheel, a first flat gear, a toothed wheel plate, a bearing plate, a sliding rail, a first driving rod, a telescopic limiting block, a sponge brush, a yellow ginger, a conveying pipe, an air pump and a first inclined pipe; the front end axis of the first driving wheel is rotationally connected with the first bevel gear; the left end of the first driving wheel is in transmission connection with a fourth driving wheel through a belt; the bottom of the front end of the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear; the axis of the bottom end of the second bevel gear is rotationally connected with the first semi-cylindrical gear; the bottom end of the first semi-column gear is meshed with the second semi-column gear; the bottom end axis of the second semi-cylindrical gear is connected with the first spring; the bottom end of the first spring is connected with the third bevel gear; the rear part of the bottom end of the third bevel gear is meshed with the fourth bevel gear; the rear end axle center of the fourth bevel gear is rotationally connected with the second transmission wheel; the bottom end of the second driving wheel is in transmission connection with a third driving wheel through a belt; the front end axle center of the third driving wheel is rotationally connected with the rotating deflector rod; a rotating plate is arranged at the left top of the rotating deflector rod; a balancing rod is arranged in the middle of the front end of the rotating plate; a second spring is arranged at the left part of the bottom end of the balancing rod; a vibrating rod is arranged at the left part of the top end of the balancing rod; a mud collecting box is arranged at the top end of the vibrating rod; a first filter screen is arranged at the top end of the mud collecting box; a conveying pipe is arranged at the top end of the first filter screen; the axle center of the front end of the fourth transmission wheel is rotationally connected with the first flat gear; the bottom end of the first flat gear is meshed with the gear tooth plate; the middle left part and the middle right part of the bottom end of the wheel tooth plate are connected with the bearing plate; the rear side of the bearing plate is connected with the slide rail in a sliding way; the left part and the right part of the front end of the bearing plate are both provided with a first transmission rod group; a telescopic limiting block is arranged at the right part of the bottom end of the sliding rail; a sponge brush is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the first transmission rod; the bottom of the sponge brush is provided with yellow gingers, and the bottom ends of the yellow gingers are connected with a first filter screen; an air pump is arranged at the left part of the bottom end in the conveying pipe; a first inclined pipe is arranged at the bottom of the right end of the conveying pipe; the rear end shaft center of the first driving wheel is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat; the top end of the first driving wheel is connected with the cellulose separation mechanism; the rear end axle center of the third driving wheel is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat; the bottom end of the balancing rod is connected with the supporting frame; the bottom end of the second spring is connected with the support frame; the rear end axle center of the fourth driving wheel is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat; the left part and the right part of the top end of the sliding rail are connected with the supporting frame; the bottom end of the conveying pipe is connected with the supporting frame.
Further, the cellulose separation mechanism comprises a second flat gear, a first telescopic rod, a fifth bevel gear, a sixth bevel gear, a screw rod, a movable bearing block, a squeezing chamber, a baffle, a second filter screen, a liquid conveying pipe, a liquid accumulating pipe, a seventh bevel gear, an eighth bevel gear, a fifth driving wheel, a ninth bevel gear, a tenth bevel gear, a sixth driving wheel, a second telescopic rod, a cutter, an air cylinder, a telescopic pressing block and a second inclined pipe; the bottom end axis of the second flat gear is connected with the first telescopic rod; a seventh bevel gear is arranged at the left top of the second flat gear; the axis of the bottom end of the first telescopic rod is connected with a fifth bevel gear; the left part of the bottom end of the fifth bevel gear is meshed with the sixth bevel gear; the left end of the sixth bevel gear is rotationally connected with the screw rod; the left middle part of the outer surface of the screw rod is meshed with the movable bearing block; the left part and the right part of the bottom end of the movable bearing block are both connected with the squeezing chamber; a baffle is arranged at the bottom end in the squeezing chamber; a group of second filter screens is arranged at the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber, and a liquid conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom end of each second filter screen; the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber are respectively provided with a group of combination of a second filter screen and a transfusion tube; the bottom end of the transfusion tube is provided with a liquid accumulating tube; the rear part of the right end of the seventh bevel gear is meshed with the eighth bevel gear; the right end axis of the seventh bevel gear is rotationally connected with the ninth bevel gear; the rear end axle center of the eighth bevel gear is rotationally connected with the fifth driving wheel; the bottom of the right end of the ninth bevel gear is meshed with the tenth bevel gear; the bottom end axis of the tenth bevel gear is rotationally connected with a sixth driving wheel; a cylinder is arranged at the right top of the tenth bevel gear; the bottom end axle center of the sixth driving wheel is connected with the second telescopic rod; the axis of the bottom end of the second telescopic rod is connected with the cutter; the middle part of the bottom end of the cylinder is provided with a telescopic pressing block; the right end of the second flat gear is connected with the starch separating mechanism; the left part and the right part of the outer surface of the screw rod are connected with the support frame; the left end of the seventh bevel gear is connected with the motor; the bottom end of the fifth driving wheel is connected with the first driving wheel; the right end of the sixth driving wheel is connected with the starch separating mechanism; the middle top of the outer surface of the second telescopic rod is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat; the bottom end of the cylinder is connected with the support frame; the top of the telescopic pressing block is connected with the supporting frame.
Further, the starch separation mechanism comprises a seventh transmission wheel, a third flat gear, a fourth flat gear, a fifth flat gear, a third telescopic rod, a rotary table, a second transmission rod, a first centrifuge tube, a first interface, a third transmission rod, a second centrifuge tube and a second interface; the bottom end axle center of the seventh driving wheel is rotationally connected with the third horizontal gear; the axis of the bottom end of the third flat gear is rotationally connected with the fourth flat gear; the left end of the fourth flat gear is meshed with the fifth flat gear; the axis of the bottom end of the fifth flat gear is rotatably connected with the third telescopic rod; the top of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the rotary table; a second transmission rod is arranged at the left part of the front end of the rotary table; a third transmission rod is arranged at the right part of the front end of the rotary table; a first centrifugal tube is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the second transmission rod; a first interface is arranged in the middle of the top end of the first centrifugal tube; a second centrifugal tube is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the third transmission rod; a second interface is arranged in the middle of the top end of the second centrifugal tube; the top end axle center of the seventh transmission wheel is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat; the left end of the seventh driving wheel is connected with the sixth driving wheel; the left end of the third flat gear is connected with the second flat gear; the middle part of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod is connected with the supporting frame through the mounting seat.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the first semi-column gear is tightly attached to the top end of the second semi-column gear.
Furthermore, the rotating deflector rod is contacted with the rotating plate when rotating.
Furthermore, the top end of the vibrating rod is hemispherical.
Furthermore, the right end of the first inclined tube is matched with the left end of the second inclined tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in order to solve the problems that the cellulose and starch in the yellow ginger are not extracted and treated in the prior art, so that the starch and the cellulose in the yellow ginger are damaged and cannot be utilized in the acid hydrolysis process, and simultaneously, the starch is hydrolyzed into glucose to generate a large amount of organic pollutants, and because when silt on the surface of the yellow ginger is removed, the diosgenin dissolved in water can be lost along with the direct water cleaning, the prepared saponin is greatly reduced, a mud removing mechanism is designed, soil on the surface of the yellow ginger is cleaned through the mud removing mechanism, the effect of effectively cleaning the soil on the surface of the yellow ginger and avoiding the loss of the diosgenin dissolved in water due to the water cleaning is achieved, a cellulose separating mechanism is designed, the yellow ginger is squeezed through the cellulose separating mechanism, so that the yellow ginger is separated into fibrous residues and filtered substances, and the fibrous residues are taken out for collection, the cellulose in the turmeric of separation has been squeezed through the cutting to reached, avoid the cellulose in the turmeric to be destroyed and the effect that can not utilize at acid hydrolysis in-process, starch separating mechanism has been designed, carry out centrifugal precipitation to filtering material through starch separating mechanism, make filtering material separate into required liquid and starch, starch in the turmeric of separation has been reached through centrifugal precipitation, starch in the turmeric is avoided being destroyed and can not be utilized at acid hydrolysis in-process, starch is also hydrolyzed into glucose simultaneously, produce a large amount of organic pollutants's effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a desilting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the first half-cylinder gear, the second half-cylinder gear and the first spring according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cellulose separation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a starch separating mechanism according to the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-a support frame, 2-a control screen, 3-a motor, 4-a mud removing mechanism, 5-a cellulose separating mechanism, 6-a starch separating mechanism, 7-a storage cabin, 401-a first driving wheel, 402-a first bevel gear, 403-a second bevel gear, 404-a first semi-column gear, 405-a second semi-column gear, 406-a first spring, 407-a third bevel gear, 408-a fourth bevel gear, 409-a second driving wheel, 4010-a third driving wheel, 4011-a rotating deflector rod, 4012-a rotating plate, 4013-a balancing rod, 4014-a second spring, 4015-a vibrating rod, 4016-a mud collecting box, 4017-a first filter screen, 4018-a fourth driving wheel, 4019-a first flat gear, 4020-a toothed plate and 4021-a bearing plate, 4022-a sliding rail, 4023-a first transmission rod, 4024-a telescopic limiting block, 4025-a sponge brush, 4026-yellow ginger, 4027-a conveying pipe, 4028-an air pump, 4029-a first inclined pipe, 501-a second flat gear, 502-a first telescopic rod, 503-a fifth bevel gear, 504-a sixth bevel gear, 505-a screw rod, 506-a movable bearing block, 507-a squeezing chamber, 508-a baffle plate, 509-a second filter screen, 5010-a transfusion pipe, 5011-a liquid accumulating pipe, 5012-a seventh bevel gear, 5013-an eighth bevel gear, 5014-a fifth transmission wheel, 5015-a ninth bevel gear, 5016-a tenth bevel gear, 5017-a sixth transmission wheel, 5018-a second, 5019-a cutter, 5020-an air cylinder and 5021-a telescopic pressing block, 5022-a second inclined tube, 601-a seventh transmission wheel, 602-a third spur gear, 603-a fourth spur gear, 604-a fifth spur gear, 605-a third telescopic rod, 606-a rotary disc, 607-a second transmission rod, 608-a first centrifugal tube, 609-a first interface, 6010-a third transmission rod, 6011-a second centrifugal tube and 6012-a second interface.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Examples
A pretreatment device for extracting diosgenin, as shown in fig. 1-5, comprises a support frame 1, a control screen 2, a motor 3, a mud removing mechanism 4, a cellulose separating mechanism 5, a starch separating mechanism 6 and a storage cabin 7; a control screen 2 is arranged at the left part of the bottom end in the support frame 1; the motor 3 is arranged at the left part in the top end of the support frame 1; a mud removing mechanism 4 is arranged at the top of the left middle part in the support frame 1; a cellulose separation mechanism 5 is arranged at the middle right top part in the support frame 1, the top part of the left end of the cellulose separation mechanism 5 is connected with the motor 3, and the left part of the bottom end of the cellulose separation mechanism 5 is connected with the mud removal mechanism 4; a starch separating mechanism 6 is arranged at the right end in the supporting frame 1, and the top of the left end of the starch separating mechanism 6 is connected with a cellulose separating mechanism 5; the middle part of the bottom end in the supporting frame 1 is provided with a storage cabin 7.
The mud removing mechanism 4 comprises a first driving wheel 401, a first bevel gear 402, a second bevel gear 403, a first semi-column gear 404, a second semi-column gear 405, a first spring 406, a third bevel gear 407, a fourth bevel gear 408, a second driving wheel 409, a third driving wheel 4010, a rotating shift lever 4011, a rotating plate 4012, a balancing rod 4013, a second spring 4014, a vibrating rod 4015, a mud collecting box 4016, a first filter screen 4017, a fourth driving wheel 4018, a first flat gear 4019, a gear tooth plate 4020, a bearing plate 4021, a sliding rail 4022, a first driving rod 4023, a telescopic limiting block 4024, a sponge brush 4025, a yellow ginger 4026, a 402pipe 4027, an air pump 4028 and a first inclined pipe 4029; the front end axis of the first driving wheel 401 is rotatably connected with a first bevel gear 402; the left end of the first driving wheel 401 is in driving connection with a fourth driving wheel 4018 through a belt; the bottom of the front end of the first bevel gear 402 is meshed with the second bevel gear 403; the bottom end axis of the second bevel gear 403 is rotationally connected with the first semi-cylindrical gear 404; the bottom end of the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 is meshed with a second semi-cylindrical gear 405; the bottom end axle center of the second semi-cylindrical gear 405 is connected with the first spring 406; the bottom end of the first spring 406 is connected with a third bevel gear 407; the rear part of the bottom end of the third bevel gear 407 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 408; the rear end axle center of the fourth bevel gear 408 is rotationally connected with a second transmission wheel 409; the bottom end of the second driving wheel 409 is in transmission connection with a third driving wheel 4010 through a belt; the front end axle center of the third driving wheel 4010 is rotationally connected with a rotary poking rod 4011; a rotating plate 4012 is arranged at the left top of the rotating shift lever 4011; a balance rod 4013 is arranged in the middle of the front end of the rotating plate 4012; a second spring 4014 is arranged at the left part of the bottom end of the balancing rod 4013; a vibrating rod 4015 is arranged at the left part of the top end of the balancing rod 4013; a mud collecting box 4016 is arranged at the top end of the vibrating rod 4015; the top end of the sludge collecting box 4016 is provided with a first filter screen 4017; a transport pipe 4027 is arranged at the top end of the first filter screen 4017; the axle center of the front end of the fourth driving wheel 4018 is rotationally connected with the first flat gear 4019; the bottom end of the first flat gear 4019 is meshed with a gear tooth plate 4020; the middle left part and the middle right part of the bottom end of the pinion plate 4020 are connected with the bearing plate 4021; the rear side of the bearing plate 4021 is in sliding connection with the sliding rail 4022; a group of first transmission rods 4023 is arranged on the left part and the right part of the front end of the socket plate 4021; a telescopic limiting block 4024 is arranged at the right part of the bottom end of the sliding rail 4022; a sponge brush 4025 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the first transmission rod 4023; the bottom of the sponge brush 4025 is provided with the yellow ginger 4026, and the bottom end of the yellow ginger 4026 is connected with the first filter screen 4017; an air pump 4028 is arranged at the left part of the inner bottom end of the conveying pipe 4027; a first inclined pipe 4029 is arranged at the bottom of the right end of the transport pipe 4027; the rear end axle center of the first driving wheel 401 is connected with the supporting frame 1 through a mounting seat; the top end of the first driving wheel 401 is connected with the cellulose separation mechanism 5; the rear end axle center of the third driving wheel 4010 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the balancing rod 4013 is connected with the support frame 1; the bottom end of the second spring 4014 is connected with the support frame 1; the rear end axle center of the fourth driving wheel 4018 is connected with the supporting frame 1 through a mounting seat; the left part and the right part of the top end of the sliding rail 4022 are connected with the support frame 1; the bottom end of the transport pipe 4027 is connected with the support frame 1.
The cellulose separation mechanism 5 comprises a second flat gear 501, a first telescopic rod 502, a fifth bevel gear 503, a sixth bevel gear 504, a screw rod 505, a movable bearing block 506, a squeezing chamber 507, a baffle 508, a second filter screen 509, a liquid conveying pipe 5010, a liquid accumulating pipe 5011, a seventh bevel gear 5012, an eighth bevel gear 5013, a fifth driving wheel 5014, a ninth bevel gear 5015, a tenth bevel gear 5016, a sixth driving wheel 5017, a second telescopic rod 5018, a cutter 5019, a cylinder 5020, a telescopic pressing block 5021 and a second inclined pipe 5022; the axis of the bottom end of the second flat gear 501 is connected with the first telescopic rod 502; a seventh bevel gear 5012 is arranged at the left top of the second flat gear 501; the axis of the bottom end of the first telescopic rod 502 is connected with a fifth bevel gear 503; the left part of the bottom end of the fifth bevel gear 503 is meshed with the sixth bevel gear 504; the left end of the sixth bevel gear 504 is rotatably connected with a screw rod 505; the left middle part of the outer surface of the screw rod 505 is engaged with the movable bearing block 506; the left part and the right part of the bottom end of the movable bearing block 506 are both connected with the squeezing chamber 507; a baffle 508 is arranged at the inner bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507; the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507 are provided with a group of second filter screens 509, and the bottom end of the second filter screens 509 is provided with a liquid conveying pipe 5010; the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507 are provided with a group of combinations of a second filter screen 509 and a liquid conveying pipe 5010; a liquid accumulating pipe 5011 is arranged at the bottom end of the liquid conveying pipe 5010; the rear part of the right end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is meshed with the eighth bevel gear 5013; the axis of the right end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is rotatably connected with a ninth bevel gear 5015; the rear end axle center of the eighth bevel gear 5013 is rotationally connected with a fifth driving wheel 5014; the bottom of the right end of the ninth bevel gear 5015 is meshed with a tenth bevel gear 5016; the bottom end axle center of the tenth bevel gear 5016 is rotatably connected with a sixth driving wheel 5017; a cylinder 5020 is arranged at the right top of the tenth bevel gear 5016; the axle center of the bottom end of the sixth transmission wheel 5017 is connected with a second telescopic rod 5018; the axis of the bottom end of the second telescopic rod 5018 is connected with the cutter 5019; a telescopic pressing block 5021 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the air cylinder 5020; the right end of the second flat gear 501 is connected with a starch separating mechanism 6; the left part and the right part of the outer surface of the screw rod 505 are connected with the support frame 1; the left end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is connected with the motor 3; the bottom end of the fifth transmission wheel 5014 is connected with the first transmission wheel 401; the right end of the sixth transmission wheel 5017 is connected with the starch separating mechanism 6; the middle top of the outer surface of the second telescopic rod 5018 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the air cylinder 5020 is connected with the support frame 1; the top of the telescopic pressing block 5021 is connected with the support frame 1.
The starch separation mechanism 6 comprises a seventh driving wheel 601, a third spur gear 602, a fourth spur gear 603, a fifth spur gear 604, a third telescopic rod 605, a rotating disc 606, a second driving rod 607, a first centrifugal tube 608, a first connector 609, a third driving rod 6010, a second centrifugal tube 6011 and a second connector 6012; the bottom end axle center of the seventh driving wheel 601 is rotationally connected with the third horizontal gear 602; the bottom end axis of the third flat gear 602 is rotatably connected with the fourth flat gear 603; the left end of the fourth flat gear 603 is meshed with a fifth flat gear 604; the bottom end axis of the fifth spur gear 604 is rotatably connected with the third telescopic rod 605; the top of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod 605 is rotatably connected with the turntable 606; a second transmission rod 607 is arranged at the left part of the front end of the rotating disc 606; a third transmission rod 6010 is arranged at the right part of the front end of the rotating disc 606; a first centrifuge tube 608 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the second transmission rod 607; a first connector 609 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the first centrifugal tube 608; a second centrifuge tube 6011 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the third transmission rod 6010; a second interface 6012 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the second centrifugal tube 6011; the top end axle center of the seventh transmission wheel 601 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the left end of the seventh transmission wheel 601 is connected with a sixth transmission wheel 5017; the left end of the third flat gear 602 is connected with the second flat gear 501; the middle part of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod 605 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat.
Wherein, the bottom end of the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 is closely attached to the top end of the second semi-cylindrical gear 405.
Wherein, the rotating shift lever 4011 rotates to contact with the rotating plate 4012.
Wherein, the top end of the vibrating rod 4015 is hemispherical.
Wherein, the right end of the first inclined pipe 4029 is matched with the left end of the second inclined pipe 5022.
The working principle is as follows: when in use, the device is horizontally placed at a position to be used by the support frame 1, the power supply is switched on, the device is prepared by the control screen 2, the motor 3 is started, the yellow ginger 4026 is placed in the mud removing mechanism 4, soil carried on the surface of the yellow ginger 4026 is cleaned by the mud removing mechanism 4, then the yellow ginger 4026 is sent to the cellulose separating mechanism 5, the yellow ginger 4026 is squeezed by the cellulose separating mechanism 5, the yellow ginger 4026 is separated into fiber residue and filtrate, the fiber residue is taken out and collected, then the filtrate is sent to the starch separating mechanism 6, the filtrate is centrifugally precipitated by the starch separating mechanism 6 to be separated into required liquid and starch, the required liquid is taken out and put into the storage cabin 7, the device effectively cleans the soil carried on the surface of the yellow ginger 4026 by matching of vibration, brushing and blowing, the diosgenin of water caused by water cleaning is prevented from losing, the cellulose and starch in the turmeric 4026 are separated by cutting, pressing and centrifugal precipitation, so that the starch and cellulose in the turmeric 4026 are prevented from being damaged and cannot be utilized in the acid hydrolysis process, and the starch is hydrolyzed into glucose to generate a large amount of organic pollutants.
The mud removing mechanism 4 comprises a first driving wheel 401, a first bevel gear 402, a second bevel gear 403, a first semi-column gear 404, a second semi-column gear 405, a first spring 406, a third bevel gear 407, a fourth bevel gear 408, a second driving wheel 409, a third driving wheel 4010, a rotating shift lever 4011, a rotating plate 4012, a balancing rod 4013, a second spring 4014, a vibrating rod 4015, a mud collecting box 4016, a first filter screen 4017, a fourth driving wheel 4018, a first flat gear 4019, a gear tooth plate 4020, a bearing plate 4021, a sliding rail 4022, a first driving rod 4023, a telescopic limiting block 4024, a sponge brush 4025, a yellow ginger 4026, a 402pipe 4027, an air pump 4028 and a first inclined pipe 4029; the front end axis of the first driving wheel 401 is rotatably connected with a first bevel gear 402; the left end of the first driving wheel 401 is in driving connection with a fourth driving wheel 4018 through a belt; the bottom of the front end of the first bevel gear 402 is meshed with the second bevel gear 403; the bottom end axis of the second bevel gear 403 is rotationally connected with the first semi-cylindrical gear 404; the bottom end of the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 is meshed with a second semi-cylindrical gear 405; the bottom end axle center of the second semi-cylindrical gear 405 is connected with the first spring 406; the bottom end of the first spring 406 is connected with a third bevel gear 407; the rear part of the bottom end of the third bevel gear 407 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 408; the rear end axle center of the fourth bevel gear 408 is rotationally connected with a second transmission wheel 409; the bottom end of the second driving wheel 409 is in transmission connection with a third driving wheel 4010 through a belt; the front end axle center of the third driving wheel 4010 is rotationally connected with a rotary poking rod 4011; a rotating plate 4012 is arranged at the left top of the rotating shift lever 4011; a balance rod 4013 is arranged in the middle of the front end of the rotating plate 4012; a second spring 4014 is arranged at the left part of the bottom end of the balancing rod 4013; a vibrating rod 4015 is arranged at the left part of the top end of the balancing rod 4013; a mud collecting box 4016 is arranged at the top end of the vibrating rod 4015; the top end of the sludge collecting box 4016 is provided with a first filter screen 4017; a transport pipe 4027 is arranged at the top end of the first filter screen 4017; the axle center of the front end of the fourth driving wheel 4018 is rotationally connected with the first flat gear 4019; the bottom end of the first flat gear 4019 is meshed with a gear tooth plate 4020; the middle left part and the middle right part of the bottom end of the pinion plate 4020 are connected with the bearing plate 4021; the rear side of the bearing plate 4021 is in sliding connection with the sliding rail 4022; a group of first transmission rods 4023 is arranged on the left part and the right part of the front end of the socket plate 4021; a telescopic limiting block 4024 is arranged at the right part of the bottom end of the sliding rail 4022; a sponge brush 4025 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the first transmission rod 4023; the bottom of the sponge brush 4025 is provided with the yellow ginger 4026, and the bottom end of the yellow ginger 4026 is connected with the first filter screen 4017; an air pump 4028 is arranged at the left part of the inner bottom end of the conveying pipe 4027; a first inclined pipe 4029 is arranged at the bottom of the right end of the transport pipe 4027; the rear end axle center of the first driving wheel 401 is connected with the supporting frame 1 through a mounting seat; the top end of the first driving wheel 401 is connected with the cellulose separation mechanism 5; the rear end axle center of the third driving wheel 4010 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the balancing rod 4013 is connected with the support frame 1; the bottom end of the second spring 4014 is connected with the support frame 1; the rear end axle center of the fourth driving wheel 4018 is connected with the supporting frame 1 through a mounting seat; the left part and the right part of the top end of the sliding rail 4022 are connected with the support frame 1; the bottom end of the transport pipe 4027 is connected with the support frame 1.
When the yellow ginger 4026 is placed on the first filter screen 4017, the fifth transmission wheel 5014 rotates to drive the first transmission wheel 401 to rotate, and simultaneously drive the first bevel gear 402 to rotate and the first bevel gear 402 is meshed with the second bevel gear 403 to rotate, the second bevel gear 403 rotates to drive the first half-column gear 404 to rotate and simultaneously drive the second half-column gear 405 to rotate, the second half-column gear 405 rotates to drive the third bevel gear 407 to rotate and the third bevel gear 407 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 408 to rotate, when the first half-column gear 404 rotates reversely, the second half-column gear 405 stops rotating under the action of the first spring 406, the fourth bevel gear 408 rotates to drive the second transmission wheel 409 to rotate, the second transmission wheel 401409 rotates to drive the third transmission wheel 4010 to rotate, the third transmission wheel 0 rotates to drive the rotation deflector rod 1 to rotate, so that the rotation deflector rod 4011 rotates counterclockwise to move the right bottom end of the rotation plate 4012, the balance rod 4013 compresses the second spring 4014, the vibrating rod 4015 moves downwards at the same time, when the rotating shift rod 4011 is separated from the contact with the rotating plate 4012, the vibrating rod 4015 bounces upwards under the restoring force of the second spring 4014, a vibrating force is generated on the yellow ginger 4026 through the mud collection box 4016 and the first filter screen 4017, the dry soil on the surface of the yellow ginger 4026 is shattered, the soil falls into the mud collection box 4016 through the first filter screen 4017, meanwhile, the first driving wheel 401 rotates to drive the fourth driving wheel 4018 to rotate, meanwhile, the first flat gear 4019 is driven to rotate, the first flat gear 4019 drives the toothed plate 4020 to reciprocate left and right through the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the first driving wheel 401, the bearing plate 4021 slides in the sliding rail 4022, the sponge 4025 is driven by the first driving rod 4023 to brush away the soil adhered to the surface of the yellow ginger 4026, at the moment, the telescopic limiting block 4024 is in a telescopic state, and simultaneously, the air pump is started to generate a pushing force, make earth fall more easily, after the earth removes cleanly, make flexible stopper 4024 shrink, promote yellow ginger 4026 right through air pump 4028, get into cellulose separating mechanism 5 through transport pipe 4027 through first pipe chute 4029 in, this mechanism is through vibrating, scrub and the cooperation of blowing, clears up the earth that yellow ginger 4026 carried on the surface effectively, avoids using the water washing to make the dioscin aglucon who dissolves in water run off.
The cellulose separation mechanism 5 comprises a second flat gear 501, a first telescopic rod 502, a fifth bevel gear 503, a sixth bevel gear 504, a screw rod 505, a movable bearing block 506, a squeezing chamber 507, a baffle 508, a second filter screen 509, a liquid conveying pipe 5010, a liquid accumulating pipe 5011, a seventh bevel gear 5012, an eighth bevel gear 5013, a fifth driving wheel 5014, a ninth bevel gear 5015, a tenth bevel gear 5016, a sixth driving wheel 5017, a second telescopic rod 5018, a cutter 5019, a cylinder 5020, a telescopic pressing block 5021 and a second inclined pipe 5022; the axis of the bottom end of the second flat gear 501 is connected with the first telescopic rod 502; a seventh bevel gear 5012 is arranged at the left top of the second flat gear 501; the axis of the bottom end of the first telescopic rod 502 is connected with a fifth bevel gear 503; the left part of the bottom end of the fifth bevel gear 503 is meshed with the sixth bevel gear 504; the left end of the sixth bevel gear 504 is rotatably connected with a screw rod 505; the left middle part of the outer surface of the screw rod 505 is engaged with the movable bearing block 506; the left part and the right part of the bottom end of the movable bearing block 506 are both connected with the squeezing chamber 507; a baffle 508 is arranged at the inner bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507; the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507 are provided with a group of second filter screens 509, and the bottom end of the second filter screens 509 is provided with a liquid conveying pipe 5010; the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber 507 are provided with a group of combinations of a second filter screen 509 and a liquid conveying pipe 5010; a liquid accumulating pipe 5011 is arranged at the bottom end of the liquid conveying pipe 5010; the rear part of the right end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is meshed with the eighth bevel gear 5013; the axis of the right end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is rotatably connected with a ninth bevel gear 5015; the rear end axle center of the eighth bevel gear 5013 is rotationally connected with a fifth driving wheel 5014; the bottom of the right end of the ninth bevel gear 5015 is meshed with a tenth bevel gear 5016; the bottom end axle center of the tenth bevel gear 5016 is rotatably connected with a sixth driving wheel 5017; a cylinder 5020 is arranged at the right top of the tenth bevel gear 5016; the axle center of the bottom end of the sixth transmission wheel 5017 is connected with a second telescopic rod 5018; the axis of the bottom end of the second telescopic rod 5018 is connected with the cutter 5019; a telescopic pressing block 5021 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the air cylinder 5020; the right end of the second flat gear 501 is connected with a starch separating mechanism 6; the left part and the right part of the outer surface of the screw rod 505 are connected with the support frame 1; the left end of the seventh bevel gear 5012 is connected with the motor 3; the bottom end of the fifth transmission wheel 5014 is connected with the first transmission wheel 401; the right end of the sixth transmission wheel 5017 is connected with the starch separating mechanism 6; the middle top of the outer surface of the second telescopic rod 5018 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the air cylinder 5020 is connected with the support frame 1; the top of the telescopic pressing block 5021 is connected with the support frame 1.
When the yellow ginger 4026 arrives in the squeezing chamber 507 through the second inclined tube 5022, the motor 3 drives the seventh bevel gear 5012 to rotate and simultaneously drives the eighth bevel gear 5013 to rotate, the fifth driving wheel 5014 is driven, the seventh bevel gear 5012 rotates to drive the ninth bevel gear 5015 to rotate and the ninth bevel gear 5015 engages with the tenth bevel gear 5016 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the sixth driving wheel 5017 to rotate, at this time, the second telescopic rod 5018 extends downwards, the sixth driving wheel 5017 rotates to drive the cutter 5019 to rotate, so that the cutter 5019 performs primary cutting on the yellow ginger 4026, when the yellow ginger 4026 is cut, the third flat gear 602 rotates to drive the second flat gear 501 to rotate, at this time, the first telescopic rod 502 is in a telescopic state, the second flat gear 501 rotates to drive the fifth bevel gear 503 to rotate and the fifth bevel gear 503 engages with the sixth bevel gear 504 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the screw rod 505 to rotate, the squeezing chamber 507 is driven by the movable bearing block 506 to move rightwards, the squeezing chamber 507 reaches the position below the telescopic pressing block 5021, the first telescopic rod 502 contracts to stop the squeezing chamber 507, the telescopic pressing block 5021 presses the chopped yellow ginger 4026 through the air cylinder 5020 to separate the yellow ginger 4026 into fiber residues and extruded liquid, at the moment, the baffle 508 is pulled out, the extruded liquid reaches the liquid accumulating pipe 5011 through the second filter screen 509 and the liquid conveying pipe 5010 and then enters the starch separating mechanism 6, and the mechanism separates cellulose in the yellow ginger 4026 through cutting and pressing to avoid that the cellulose in the yellow ginger 4026 is damaged and cannot be used in the acid hydrolysis process.
The starch separation mechanism 6 comprises a seventh driving wheel 601, a third spur gear 602, a fourth spur gear 603, a fifth spur gear 604, a third telescopic rod 605, a rotating disc 606, a second driving rod 607, a first centrifugal tube 608, a first connector 609, a third driving rod 6010, a second centrifugal tube 6011 and a second connector 6012; the bottom end axle center of the seventh driving wheel 601 is rotationally connected with the third horizontal gear 602; the bottom end axis of the third flat gear 602 is rotatably connected with the fourth flat gear 603; the left end of the fourth flat gear 603 is meshed with a fifth flat gear 604; the bottom end axis of the fifth spur gear 604 is rotatably connected with the third telescopic rod 605; the top of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod 605 is rotatably connected with the turntable 606; a second transmission rod 607 is arranged at the left part of the front end of the rotating disc 606; a third transmission rod 6010 is arranged at the right part of the front end of the rotating disc 606; a first centrifuge tube 608 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the second transmission rod 607; a first connector 609 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the first centrifugal tube 608; a second centrifuge tube 6011 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the third transmission rod 6010; a second interface 6012 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the second centrifugal tube 6011; the top end axle center of the seventh transmission wheel 601 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat; the left end of the seventh transmission wheel 601 is connected with a sixth transmission wheel 5017; the left end of the third flat gear 602 is connected with the second flat gear 501; the middle part of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod 605 is connected with the support frame 1 through a mounting seat.
When the squeezed filtrate of yellow ginger 4026 enters a first centrifuge tube 608 through a first interface 609, a seventh transmission wheel 601 is driven to rotate by the rotation of a sixth transmission wheel 5017, and simultaneously, a third flat gear 602 is driven to rotate, so that the third flat gear 602 drives a cellulose separation mechanism 5 to work, the fourth flat gear 603 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the third flat gear 602 and the fourth flat gear 603 is meshed with a fifth flat gear 604 to rotate, at this time, a third telescopic rod 605 is in a telescopic state, the fifth flat gear 604 rotates to drive a rotating disc 606 to rotate, a second interface 6012 is driven by a third transmission rod 6010 to reach the position below a liquid accumulation tube 5011, so that the next filtrate flows into a second centrifuge tube 6011, then the rotating disc 606 rotates to drive the first centrifuge tube 608 and the second centrifuge tube 6011 to rotate by a second transmission rod 607 and a third transmission rod 6010, so that the filtrate performs centrifugal motion, and the precipitation of starch is accelerated, the mechanism separates starch in the yellow ginger 4026 by centrifugal precipitation, so that the starch in the yellow ginger 4026 is prevented from being damaged and unusable in the acid hydrolysis process, and the starch is hydrolyzed into glucose to generate a large amount of organic pollutants.
The bottom end of the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 is tightly attached to the top end of the second semi-cylindrical gear 405, the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 rotates positively to drive the second semi-cylindrical gear 405 to rotate, and when the first semi-cylindrical gear 404 rotates negatively, the second semi-cylindrical gear 405 stops rotating.
Wherein, the rotating shift lever 4011 contacts with the rotating plate 4012 when rotating, so that the left end of the rotating plate 4012 can swing up and down.
Wherein, the top of the vibrating rod 4015 is hemispherical, which can generate a uniform vibrating force to the turmeric 4026 without damaging the device.
The right end of the first inclined tube 4029 is matched with the left end of the second inclined tube 5022, and the position of the turmeric 4026 is rapidly adjusted.
The technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects.
Claims (8)
1. A pretreatment device for extracting diosgenin comprises a support frame (1), a control screen (2) and a motor (3), and is characterized by further comprising a mud removing mechanism (4), a cellulose separating mechanism (5), a starch separating mechanism (6) and a storage cabin (7); a control screen (2) is arranged at the left part of the bottom end in the support frame (1); the motor (3) is arranged at the middle left part of the top end of the support frame (1); a mud removing mechanism (4) is arranged at the top of the left middle part in the support frame (1); a cellulose separation mechanism (5) is arranged at the middle-right top part in the support frame (1), the top part of the left end of the cellulose separation mechanism (5) is connected with the motor (3), and the left part of the bottom end of the cellulose separation mechanism (5) is connected with the mud removal mechanism (4); a starch separation mechanism (6) is arranged at the right end in the support frame (1), and the top of the left end of the starch separation mechanism (6) is connected with a cellulose separation mechanism (5); the middle part of the bottom end in the supporting frame (1) is provided with a storage cabin (7).
2. The turmeric saponin extraction pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mud removing mechanism (4) comprises a first driving wheel (401), a first bevel gear (402), a second bevel gear (403), a first half-column gear (404), a second half-column gear (405), a first spring (406), a third bevel gear (407), a fourth bevel gear (408), a second driving wheel (409), a third driving wheel (4010), a rotary deflector rod (4011), a rotary plate (4012), a balancing rod (4013), a second spring (4014), a vibrating rod (4015), a mud collecting box (4016), a first filter screen (4017), a fourth driving wheel (4018), a first flat gear (4019), a gear tooth plate (4020), a bearing plate (4021), a slide rail (4022), a first driving rod (4023), a telescopic limiting block (4024), a sponge brush (4025), turmeric (4026), a transport pipe (4027), an air pump (4028) and a first chute (4029); the front end axis of the first driving wheel (401) is rotationally connected with the first bevel gear (402); the left end of the first driving wheel (401) is in transmission connection with a fourth driving wheel (4018) through a belt; the bottom of the front end of the first bevel gear (402) is meshed with the second bevel gear (403); the bottom end axle center of the second bevel gear (403) is rotationally connected with the first semi-cylindrical gear (404); the bottom end of the first semi-column gear (404) is meshed with the second semi-column gear (405); the bottom end axis of the second semi-column gear (405) is connected with a first spring (406); the bottom end of the first spring (406) is connected with a third bevel gear (407); the rear part of the bottom end of the third bevel gear (407) is meshed with the fourth bevel gear (408); the rear end axle center of the fourth bevel gear (408) is rotationally connected with a second transmission wheel (409); the bottom end of the second driving wheel (409) is in transmission connection with a third driving wheel (4010) through a belt; the front end axle center of the third driving wheel (4010) is rotationally connected with a rotary deflector rod (4011); a rotating plate (4012) is arranged at the left top of the rotating shifting rod (4011); a balance rod (4013) is arranged in the middle of the front end of the rotating plate (4012); a second spring (4014) is arranged at the left part of the bottom end of the balancing rod (4013); a vibrating rod (4015) is arranged at the left part of the top end of the balancing rod (4013); a mud collecting box (4016) is arranged at the top end of the vibrating rod (4015); the top end of the sludge collecting box (4016) is provided with a first filter screen (4017); a conveying pipe (4027) is arranged at the top end of the first filter screen (4017); the axle center of the front end of the fourth driving wheel (4018) is rotationally connected with the first flat gear (4019); the bottom end of the first flat gear (4019) is meshed with a toothed plate (4020); the middle left part and the middle right part of the bottom end of the pinion plate (4020) are connected with the bearing plate (4021); the rear side of the bearing plate (4021) is in sliding connection with the sliding rail (4022); a group of first transmission rods (4023) is arranged on the left part and the right part of the front end of the socket plate (4021); a telescopic limiting block (4024) is arranged at the right part of the bottom end of the sliding rail (4022); a sponge brush (4025) is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the first transmission rod (4023); yellow gingers (4026) are arranged at the bottoms of the sponge brushes (4025), and the bottom ends of the yellow gingers (4026) are connected with a first filter screen (4017); an air pump (4028) is arranged at the left part of the inner bottom end of the conveying pipe (4027); a first inclined pipe (4029) is arranged at the bottom of the right end of the transport pipe (4027); the rear end axle center of the first driving wheel (401) is connected with the supporting frame (1) through a mounting seat; the top end of the first driving wheel (401) is connected with the cellulose separation mechanism (5); the rear end axle center of the third driving wheel (4010) is connected with the support frame (1) through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the balancing rod (4013) is connected with the support frame (1); the bottom end of the second spring (4014) is connected with the support frame (1); the rear end axle center of the fourth driving wheel (4018) is connected with the supporting frame (1) through a mounting seat; the left part and the right part of the top end of the sliding rail (4022) are connected with the support frame (1); the bottom end of the transport pipe (4027) is connected with the support frame (1).
3. The diosgenin extraction pretreatment device according to claim 2, wherein the cellulose separation mechanism (5) comprises a second flat gear (501), a first telescopic rod (502), a fifth bevel gear (503), a sixth bevel gear (504), a lead screw (505), a movable bearing block (506), a squeezing chamber (507), a baffle (508), a second filter screen (509), a liquid conveying pipe (5010), a liquid accumulating pipe (5011), a seventh bevel gear (5012), an eighth bevel gear (5013), a fifth transmission wheel (5014), a ninth bevel gear (5015), a tenth bevel gear (5016), a sixth transmission wheel (5017), a second telescopic rod (5018), a cutter (5019), a cylinder (5020), a telescopic pressing block (5021) and a second inclined pipe (5022); the bottom end axis of the second flat gear (501) is connected with the first telescopic rod (502); a seventh bevel gear (5012) is arranged at the left top of the second flat gear (501); the bottom end axis of the first telescopic rod (502) is connected with a fifth bevel gear (503); the left part of the bottom end of the fifth bevel gear (503) is meshed with the sixth bevel gear (504); the left end of the sixth bevel gear (504) is rotationally connected with a screw rod (505); the left middle part of the outer surface of the screw rod (505) is meshed with the movable bearing block (506); the left part and the right part of the bottom end of the movable bearing block (506) are connected with a squeezing chamber (507); a baffle (508) is arranged at the inner bottom end of the squeezing chamber (507); the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber (507) are respectively provided with a group of second filter screens (509), and the bottom end of each second filter screen (509) is provided with a liquid conveying pipe (5010); the left part, the middle part and the right part of the bottom end of the squeezing chamber (507) are respectively provided with a group of second filter screens (509) and a liquid conveying pipe (5010); a liquid accumulating pipe (5011) is arranged at the bottom end of the liquid conveying pipe (5010); the rear part of the right end of the seventh bevel gear (5012) is meshed with the eighth bevel gear (5013); the right end axis of the seventh bevel gear (5012) is in rotary connection with the ninth bevel gear (5015); the rear end axle center of the eighth bevel gear (5013) is rotationally connected with a fifth transmission wheel (5014); the bottom of the right end of the ninth bevel gear (5015) is meshed with the tenth bevel gear (5016); the bottom end axle center of the tenth bevel gear (5016) is rotationally connected with a sixth transmission wheel (5017); a cylinder (5020) is arranged at the right top of the tenth bevel gear (5016); the bottom end axle center of the sixth transmission wheel (5017) is connected with a second telescopic rod (5018); the bottom end axis of the second telescopic rod (5018) is connected with the cutter (5019); a telescopic pressing block (5021) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the air cylinder (5020); the right end of the second flat gear (501) is connected with a starch separating mechanism (6); the left part and the right part of the outer surface of the screw rod (505) are connected with the support frame (1); the left end of the seventh bevel gear (5012) is connected with the motor (3); the bottom end of the fifth transmission wheel (5014) is connected with the first transmission wheel (401); the right end of the sixth transmission wheel (5017) is connected with the starch separating mechanism (6); the middle top of the outer surface of the second telescopic rod (5018) is connected with the support frame (1) through a mounting seat; the bottom end of the air cylinder (5020) is connected with the support frame (1); the top of the telescopic pressing block (5021) is connected with the supporting frame (1).
4. The extraction and pretreatment device of diosgenin according to claim 3, wherein the starch separation mechanism (6) comprises a seventh transmission wheel (601), a third spur gear (602), a fourth spur gear (603), a fifth spur gear (604), a third telescopic rod (605), a rotating disc (606), a second transmission rod (607), a first centrifugal tube (608), a first connector (609), a third transmission rod (6010), a second centrifugal tube (6011) and a second connector (6012); the bottom end axle center of the seventh transmission wheel (601) is rotationally connected with the third horizontal gear (602); the bottom end axle center of the third flat gear (602) is rotationally connected with the fourth flat gear (603); the left end of the fourth flat gear (603) is meshed with the fifth flat gear (604); the bottom end axle center of the fifth flat gear (604) is rotationally connected with a third telescopic rod (605); the top of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod (605) is rotationally connected with the rotary disc (606); a second transmission rod (607) is arranged at the left part of the front end of the rotating disc (606); a third transmission rod (6010) is arranged at the right part of the front end of the rotating disc (606); a first centrifuge tube (608) is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the second transmission rod (607); a first connector (609) is arranged in the middle of the top end of the first centrifugal tube (608); a second centrifugal tube (6011) is arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the third transmission rod (6010); a second interface (6012) is arranged in the middle of the top end of the second centrifugal tube (6011); the top end axle center of the seventh transmission wheel (601) is connected with the support frame (1) through the mounting seat; the left end of the seventh transmission wheel (601) is connected with a sixth transmission wheel (5017); the left end of the third flat gear (602) is connected with the second flat gear (501); the middle part of the outer surface of the third telescopic rod (605) is connected with the support frame (1) through a mounting seat.
5. The extraction and pretreatment device for diosgenin according to claim 4, wherein the bottom end of the first semi-cylindrical gear (404) is closely attached to the top end of the second semi-cylindrical gear (405).
6. The apparatus for extracting and pre-treating diosgenin as claimed in claim 5, wherein said rotary shifter lever (4011) rotates to contact with said rotary plate (4012).
7. The apparatus for extracting and pre-treating diosgenin as claimed in claim 6, wherein the top of the vibrating rod (4015) is hemispherical.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the right end of the first inclined tube (4029) is coupled to the left end of the second inclined tube (5022).
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| CN117547858A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-13 | 品源(随州)现代农业发展有限公司 | Lentinan extraction equipment and process |
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