CN111298342B - Low-pressure water mist spray head and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents
Low-pressure water mist spray head and fire extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111298342B CN111298342B CN201911239132.9A CN201911239132A CN111298342B CN 111298342 B CN111298342 B CN 111298342B CN 201911239132 A CN201911239132 A CN 201911239132A CN 111298342 B CN111298342 B CN 111298342B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-pressure water mist sprayer which comprises a sprayer body, an adapter and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the sprayer body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the sprayer body; the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the inner part of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, and the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber. The low-pressure water mist spray head can enable a plurality of strands of direct water flow directly ejected by the spray nozzle to mutually impact and further atomize by adjusting the cone angle of the nozzle mounting surface of the spray head body, and solves the technical problem of insufficient single-flow low-pressure atomization by adopting an atomization mode of combining centrifugal direct composite atomization and external impact atomization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fire fighting, and particularly relates to a low-pressure water mist spray head and a fire extinguishing method.
Background
Since the 70 s in the 20 th century, the haloalkane is widely applied to the field of fire fighting as an efficient and low-toxicity gas fire extinguishing agent, but the haloalkane has a great destructive effect on the atmospheric ozone layer, the ecological environment and the human health are seriously affected by the destruction of the ozone layer, and the problem attracts great attention of the international society along with the enhancement of the environmental protection consciousness of the world. In 3 months of 1985, United nations passed the Vienna convention for ozone protection; in 9 months 1987, United nations passed the Montreal protocol, which promises in the clear text to prohibit the production and use of haloalkane fire extinguishing agents. The method finds a substitute of the halogenated alkane fire extinguishing agent, accelerates the development of a halogenated alkane substituted fire extinguishing system, and becomes a hot point of research in the fire-fighting field. The water mist fire extinguishing system has the advantages of environmental protection, excellent fire extinguishing performance, less water consumption, low water pollution, wide application range and the like, has the double advantages of gas fire extinguishing and water spraying fire extinguishing, is an environment-friendly and efficient fire extinguishing technology, and becomes the most ideal Halon alternative fire extinguishing technology recognized by developed countries.
The existing water mist nozzles are mostly high-pressure water mist nozzles, the water mist fire extinguishing device is required to be provided with a high-pressure driving device such as a high-pressure pump or a high-pressure gas cylinder, and meanwhile, the pipeline is a high-pressure pipeline, so that the use cost of the water mist fire extinguishing device is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the solid fire disaster extinguishing efficiency is lower due to the small particle size of water drops atomized by the high-pressure water mist nozzle; the conventional low-pressure water mist spray heads are divided into a bidirectional-flow low-pressure water mist spray head and a unidirectional-flow low-pressure water mist spray head, the low-pressure bidirectional-flow water mist spray head atomizes low-speed liquid by mutual impact of high-speed air or inert gas, the gas consumption is too large, so that a power pump station is huge due to the addition of compressed gas cylinders, the cost is high, liquid pipelines and gas pipelines are needed, and the pipelines are complex; the conventional unidirectional flow low-pressure water mist spray nozzle has insufficient atomization, relatively large droplet particle size and high flow coefficient, and is limited to a certain extent in application.
In addition, the atomization mode of the water mist spray head is mostly single mode atomization, and generally divided into direct pressure water mist spray head, centrifugal water mist spray head and external impact water mist spray head, the single atomization spray head has obvious advantages and disadvantages, and has certain constraints in application range, installation mode and the like. The invention solves the technical problem of insufficient unidirectional flow low-pressure atomization, adopts a centrifugal, direct injection and impact composite atomization mode, avoids the defect of single atomization, reduces the use cost and enlarges the application range of the low-pressure water mist spray head.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a low-pressure water mist spray head and a fire extinguishing method, which solve the technical problem of insufficient low-pressure atomization, are simple and convenient to install, reduce the use of high-pressure pumps and high-pressure pipelines and greatly reduce the use cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a low-pressure water mist sprayer comprises a sprayer body, an adapter and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the sprayer body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the sprayer body;
the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the inner part of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, and the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber.
Furthermore, a plurality of swirl slots are arranged on the swirl core and are positioned at the outer side of the straight perforation.
Further, the swirl groove is a conical surface swirl groove or a cylindrical surface swirl groove; the cross section of the swirl groove is in one of a rectangular shape, a triangular shape or a circular arc shape; the number of the rotational flow grooves is 2-6, and the helical angle is 30-80 degrees.
Further, the spray head body and the adapter between be provided with the inner seal circle, spray head body and nozzle between be provided with the outer seal circle.
Further, the spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is in threaded connection or interference fit connection with the spray nozzle; and the nozzle body is in threaded connection with the rotational flow core.
Further, the nozzle is a centrifugal direct-injection composite atomizing nozzle.
Furthermore, the mounting surface of the spray head body is one of a conical surface, an inner spherical surface, an outer spherical surface or a plane.
The fire extinguishing method using the low-pressure water mist spray head comprises the following steps: and adjusting the nozzle mounting surface of the low-pressure water mist spray head, adjusting the working pressure and flow coefficient of the spray head, and mounting the low-pressure water mist spray head in a fire extinguishing device to extinguish fire.
Further, the working pressure of the spray head is 0.5-1.2 MPa; the flow coefficient of the spray head is 4-10.
Furthermore, the atomization mode of the low-pressure water mist spray head is the combination of centrifugal direct injection composite atomization and external impact atomization.
The nozzle is a centrifugal direct injection composite atomizing nozzle, liquid is centrifugally atomized through a swirl groove on the surface of a swirl core, wherein the swirl groove can be a conical swirl groove or a cylindrical swirl groove, the cross section of the swirl groove can be rectangular, triangular or circular, and the atomization principle is that the liquid generates liquid rotation through the swirl groove under the action of pressure, a conical liquid film is sprayed out in a convergent swirl chamber in an accelerated manner, and the liquid is broken by utilizing the high speed difference between the liquid and the outside air; and simultaneously, the liquid is subjected to direct injection atomization through the straight perforation in the middle of the rotational flow core, and the atomization principle is that after the pressurized liquid is ejected from the straight perforation, the liquid is in a high-Reynolds-number turbulent state and is directly crushed into liquid drops from a continuous phase for atomization. The liquid is atomized by combining two atomization modes of centrifugal atomization and direct atomization, and the proportion of the centrifugal atomization and the direct atomization can be adjusted by adjusting the size parameters of the nozzle, so that the nozzle is suitable for different fire extinguishing scenes.
The low-pressure water mist sprayer is a multi-nozzle combined sprayer, the nozzle and the sprayer body can be of an integral structure or a split structure, and when the nozzle and the sprayer body are of the split structure, the nozzle and the sprayer body are in threaded connection or interference fit connection. The cone angle of the nozzle mounting surface of the nozzle body is adjusted, so that a plurality of strands of direct water flow directly ejected by the nozzle can collide with each other to further atomize, and the technical problem of insufficient unidirectional flow low-pressure atomization is solved.
Compared with the prior art, the low-pressure water mist spray head and the fire extinguishing method have the following advantages:
(1) the low-pressure water mist spray head can enable a plurality of strands of direct water flow directly ejected by the spray nozzle to mutually impact and further atomize by adjusting the cone angle of the nozzle mounting surface of the spray head body, and solves the technical problem of insufficient single-flow low-pressure atomization by adopting an atomization mode of combining centrifugal direct composite atomization and external impact atomization.
(2) The low-pressure water mist sprayer disclosed by the invention further atomizes water flow by using a low-pressure atomization technology, based on a centrifugal direct injection composite atomization nozzle and simultaneously adopting an external impact atomization technology, solves the technical problem of insufficient low-pressure atomization, is simple and convenient to install, reduces the use of a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure pipeline, and greatly reduces the use cost.
(3) The fire extinguishing method is based on the low-pressure water mist spray head, and adopts an external impact atomization technology to further atomize, so that the low-pressure atomization effect is greatly improved; meanwhile, the size parameters of the spray head and the spray nozzle are adjusted, so that the parameters of the spray head such as an atomization angle, a droplet particle size and a range can be changed, and the spray head is suitable for different fire extinguishing scenes.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a low pressure water mist head according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a nozzle; 2-outer sealing ring; 3-a spray head body; 4-inner sealing ring; 5-an adapter; 11-a swirl core; 12-a nozzle body; 111-a swirl groove; 112-straight perforation; 121-nozzle; 122-cyclone chamber.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
A low-pressure water mist sprayer comprises a sprayer body, an adapter and 7 nozzles, wherein the sprayer body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the sprayer body; the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the inner part of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, and the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber.
The cyclone core is provided with 4 cyclone grooves which are positioned at the outer side of the straight perforation. The swirl groove is a cylindrical surface swirl groove; the cross section of the swirl groove is rectangular.
The spray head body and the adapter are provided with an inner sealing ring therebetween, and an outer sealing ring is arranged between the spray head body and the nozzle. The spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is in threaded connection with the spray nozzle; the nozzle body is connected with the rotational flow core in an interference fit manner. The mounting surface of the spray head body is a plane.
The fire extinguishing method using the low-pressure water mist spray head comprises the following steps: adjusting the cone angle of the nozzle mounting surface of the low-pressure water mist spray head, adjusting the working pressure of the spray head to be 1.2MPa, the spray distance to be more than or equal to 8m and the flow rate to be 34L/min, so that the water mist is sprayed out from the spray head in a jet shape, wherein the spray head is a direct-jet type low-pressure water mist spray head, the spray distance reaches more than 8m, the spray head is mounted on an automatic tracking and positioning jet flow fire extinguishing device by adopting a local application fire extinguishing mode, and when a fire disaster occurs, the fire disaster detection and positioning device is linked with the automatic tracking and positioning jet flow fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire.
The grain diameter DV0.99 of the fog drops of the spray head is between 300 and 400 mu m, the fire extinguishing mode is more suitable for extinguishing solid fire, the fire extinguishing performance is not less than 1A under the common condition, and the fire extinguishing time is less than 5 min.
Example 2
A low-pressure water mist sprayer comprises a sprayer body, an adapter and 7 nozzles, wherein the sprayer body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the sprayer body; the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the inner part of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, and the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber.
The cyclone core is provided with 4 cyclone grooves which are positioned at the outer side of the straight perforation. The swirl groove is a cylindrical surface swirl groove; the cross section of the swirl groove is rectangular.
The spray head body and the adapter are provided with an inner sealing ring therebetween, and an outer sealing ring is arranged between the spray head body and the nozzle. The spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is in threaded connection with the spray nozzle; the nozzle body is connected with the rotational flow core in an interference fit manner. The mounting surface of the spray head body is a plane.
The fire extinguishing method using the low-pressure water mist spray head comprises the following steps: adjusting the cone angle of the nozzle installation surface of the low-pressure water mist sprayer, adjusting the working pressure of the sprayer to be 1.2MPa and the flow to be 15L/min, wherein the atomization mode of the nozzle mainly adopts centrifugation, direct injection is assisted, and simultaneously, water flow at the direct injection part immediately collides at the outlet of the sprayer to be further atomized, so that the atomization is sufficient, the particle size of fog drops is small, the sprayer is installed in a pipe network type water mist fire extinguishing device by adopting a total flooding fire extinguishing mode, and after fire disaster occurs, water is driven through a pump set or a gas cylinder, and water mist is generated through the sprayer to extinguish fire.
The grain diameter DV of the fog drops of the spray head is 0.99 and is between 100 and 200 mu m, the spraying angle is between 90 and 120 degrees, and the fire extinguishing time is less than 3 min.
Example 3
A low-pressure water mist sprayer comprises a sprayer body, an adapter and 5 nozzles, wherein the sprayer body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the sprayer body; the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the inner part of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the inner part of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, and the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber.
The cyclone core is provided with 2 cyclone grooves which are positioned at the outer side of the straight perforation. The swirl groove is a conical swirl groove; the cross section of the swirl groove is rectangular.
The spray head body and the adapter are provided with an inner sealing ring therebetween, and an outer sealing ring is arranged between the spray head body and the nozzle. The spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is in threaded connection with the spray nozzle; and the nozzle body is in threaded connection with the rotational flow core. The mounting surface of the spray head body is a conical surface.
The fire extinguishing method using the low-pressure water mist spray head comprises the following steps: adjusting the cone angle of the nozzle mounting surface of the low-pressure water mist spray head, adjusting the working pressure of the spray head to be 1.2MPa, the spray distance to be more than or equal to 8m and the flow rate to be 34L/min, so that the water mist is sprayed out from the spray head in a jet shape, wherein the spray head is a direct-jet type low-pressure water mist spray head, the spray distance reaches more than 8m, the spray head is mounted on an automatic tracking and positioning jet flow fire extinguishing device by adopting a local application fire extinguishing mode, and when a fire disaster occurs, the fire disaster detection and positioning device is linked with the automatic tracking and positioning jet flow fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire.
The grain diameter DV0.99 of the fog drops of the spray head is between 200 and 300 mu m, the fire extinguishing performance for extinguishing fixed fire is not less than 1A, and the fire extinguishing performance for extinguishing liquid fire is not less than 8B.
In each of examples 1 to 3, an aqueous system or a foam extinguishing agent may be added to water.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A low pressure water mist nozzle is characterized in that: the spray head comprises a spray head body, an adapter and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the spray head body is connected with the adapter, and the nozzles are fixed on the spray head body;
the nozzle comprises a rotational flow core and a nozzle body, wherein one end of the interior of the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle, the other end of the interior of the nozzle body is provided with a rotational flow chamber, the rotational flow chamber is communicated with the nozzle, the rotational flow core is fixed in the rotational flow chamber, the interior of the rotational flow core is provided with a straight perforation, the straight perforation is communicated with the rotational flow chamber, and liquid is subjected to direct injection atomization through the straight perforation in the middle of the rotational flow core;
the cyclone core is provided with a plurality of cyclone grooves, liquid is centrifugally atomized through the cyclone grooves on the surface of the cyclone core, and the cyclone grooves are positioned on the outer sides of the straight perforation holes;
the swirl groove is a conical surface swirl groove or a cylindrical surface swirl groove; the cross section of the swirl groove is in one of a rectangular shape, a triangular shape or a circular arc shape; the number of the rotational flow grooves is 2-6, and the helical angle is 30-80 degrees;
the nozzle is a centrifugal direct-injection composite atomizing nozzle, and the proportion of centrifugal atomization and direct-injection atomization is adjusted by adjusting the size parameters of the nozzle;
the mounting surface of the spray head body is one of a conical surface, an inner spherical surface, an outer spherical surface or a plane.
2. A low pressure water mist head according to claim 1, wherein: the spray head body and the adapter are provided with an inner sealing ring therebetween, and an outer sealing ring is arranged between the spray head body and the nozzle.
3. A low pressure water mist head according to claim 1, wherein: the spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is in threaded connection with the spray nozzle; and the nozzle body is in threaded connection with the rotational flow core.
4. A low pressure water mist head according to claim 1, wherein: the spray head body is in threaded connection with the adapter; the spray head body is connected with the spray nozzle in an interference fit manner; and the nozzle body is in threaded connection with the rotational flow core.
5. Method of extinguishing fires using low-pressure water mist head according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the nozzle mounting surface of the low-pressure water mist spray head, adjusting the working pressure and flow coefficient of the spray head, and mounting the low-pressure water mist spray head in a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing fire;
the atomization mode of the low-pressure water mist spray head is the combination of centrifugal direct injection composite atomization and external impact atomization.
6. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 5, wherein: the working pressure of the spray head is 0.5-1.2 MPa; the flow coefficient of the spray head is K = 4-10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911239132.9A CN111298342B (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Low-pressure water mist spray head and fire extinguishing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911239132.9A CN111298342B (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Low-pressure water mist spray head and fire extinguishing method |
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| CN111298342A CN111298342A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
| CN111298342B true CN111298342B (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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| CN2822776Y (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2006-10-04 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Bumping type fine water spraying head |
| AU2007297696A1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-27 | Hypro, Llc | Spray head with covers |
| CN101966376A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-02-09 | 大连海事大学 | High-pressure water mist nozzle and working method thereof |
| CN203235169U (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-10-16 | 天津泰瑞救援装备有限公司 | Fixed water mist nozzle |
| CN203763743U (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-08-13 | 抚顺职业技术学院 | Composite spray nozzle of miniature fire extinguishing apparatus |
| CN206183840U (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-05-24 | 九江中船长安消防设备有限公司 | Open water mist nozzle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050011652A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-20 | Jinsong Hua | Spray head and nozzle arrangement for fire suppression |
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2019
- 2019-12-05 CN CN201911239132.9A patent/CN111298342B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2822776Y (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2006-10-04 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Bumping type fine water spraying head |
| AU2007297696A1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-27 | Hypro, Llc | Spray head with covers |
| CN101966376A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-02-09 | 大连海事大学 | High-pressure water mist nozzle and working method thereof |
| CN203235169U (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-10-16 | 天津泰瑞救援装备有限公司 | Fixed water mist nozzle |
| CN203763743U (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-08-13 | 抚顺职业技术学院 | Composite spray nozzle of miniature fire extinguishing apparatus |
| CN206183840U (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-05-24 | 九江中船长安消防设备有限公司 | Open water mist nozzle |
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