RU2385171C1 - Hydropneumatic manual fire-hose barrel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, life saving equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the means designed for creation of fog-like screens and flame-arresting directed two-phase flows. The barrel comprises a cylindrical case, water and compressed air supply connectors, a handle fixed on the case with a control lever. The handle on the end face of which there is a water supply connector in the form of a standard sleeve heads is placed, is tightly connected to the barrel case and has an internal path for the water supply connected to an internal cavity of the barrel case through a movable pipe bend. In a compressed air pipeline, there is a return valve, while a supersonic nozzle with its inlet end face being an air valve seat is made with a geometrical expansion ratio and mounted in a water valve in front of the inlet of a blanking discharge nozzle. The nozzle is kinematically connected with a rotary head of the fire-hose barrel, supplied with a cylindrical skirt with windows, arranged in a fixed case with proper number of return channels. The control lever is connected with a water valve sleeve and equipped with a device for fixing in an extreme working position. Between the air and return valve, a vortex can be provided.

EFFECT: invention allows increasing time of effective exposure to a water-air aerosol, providing practically unlimited water jet action period ensured by connection of the fire-hose barrel to a hose line of a fire escape.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical means for generating gas-droplet jets, which can be used mainly in fire fighting equipment, for example, to create fog-like curtains and fire-extinguishing directed two-phase flows.

Known methods of spraying liquids using high-frequency (acoustic and ultrasonic) vibrations, in which the frequencies of the applied vibrations throughout the process of converting a jet (film) of a continuous liquid into tiny droplets remain constant.

The disadvantages of the known methods are low efficiency and increased air flow per unit of sprayed water and a limited supply of water.

For example, a device for creating a gas-droplet jet is known, comprising a gas-dynamic nozzle in communication with a liquid and gas mixing chamber, means for dispersing a liquid flow supplied to the mixing chamber with ejection openings, and a liquid and gas supply system, characterized in that the mixing chamber is connected to the system supply of liquid and gas through a controlled valve supplying a two-phase medium. The controlled valve is installed in a common housing together with the mixing chamber and is configured to pre-supply a gas stream to the mixing chamber before supplying liquid to it when the device is turned on and to pre-shut off the supply of liquid to the mixing chamber before turning off the gas flow to it. The nozzle is mounted on the housing of the mixing chamber using a detachable connection (certificate for utility model No. RU 8287, B05B / 00).

A device for creating a gas-droplet jet is also known, comprising a gas-dynamic nozzle in communication with a liquid and gas mixing chamber, means for dispersing the liquid flow supplied to the mixing chamber with ejecting holes, and a liquid and gas supply system, characterized in that the mixing chamber is connected to the supply system liquid and gas through a controlled valve for supplying a two-phase working medium, made with the possibility of pre-supplying a gas stream to the mixing chamber before supplying liquid to it when the unit is turned on devices and with the possibility of preliminary shutdown of the supply to the mixing chamber of the liquid before shutting off the flow of gas into it. (Patent No. RU 2132752, B05B 7/04, F16K 11/10).

It is also known a device for spraying liquid in a gas medium with the formation of a gas-droplet jet with high kinetic energy, containing an outlet gas-liquid nozzle connected to the gas and liquid mixing chamber in such a way that the outlet of the mixing chamber coincides with the inlet of the outlet gas-liquid nozzle, and the mixing chamber is connected highways with tanks for liquid and compressed gas, characterized in that the output end of the gas main is made in the form of a gas-dynamic nozzle and gas the line is located coaxially inside the liquid line, the outlet of the liquid line forms the inlet of the mixing chamber located coaxially with the outlet of the chamber and the gas-liquid nozzle, and a valve with low dynamic resistance is installed between the inlet and outlet openings of the mixing chamber and provides simultaneous opening / closing of both the liquid and and gas mains (patent No. RU 2283152, А62С 31/00 В05В 7/04).

The disadvantages of this device include the fact that the speed of the liquid droplets in the gas-droplet jet when it leaves the gas-liquid nozzle is not large enough due to the short contact time of the liquid droplets with the gas component of the jet, as well as the fact that there is a large gas flow rate and a low degree of dispersion liquid droplets in a gas-droplet stream due to insufficient transfer of the kinetic energy of the gas of the sprayed liquid.

Closest to the claimed, adopted as a prototype, is a device for spraying liquid in a gaseous medium with the formation of a gas-droplet jet with high kinetic energy, containing an outlet gas-liquid nozzle connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber so that the outlet of the mixing chamber coincides with the inlet the outlet gas-liquid nozzle, and the mixing chamber is connected by lines with containers for liquid and compressed gas, and the output end of the gas line is made in the form of gas the nozzle, and the gas line is located coaxially inside the liquid line, the outlet of the liquid line forms the inlet of the mixing chamber located coaxially with the outlet of the chamber and the gas-liquid nozzle, and a valve with low dynamic resistance is installed between the inlet and outlet of the mixing chamber and provides simultaneous opening / closing both liquid and gas lines, characterized in that the outlet of the confuser of the gas-liquid nozzle is connected I have a gas-liquid nozzle diffuser inlet with a cylindrical tube, a coaxial nozzle, with a diameter equal to the critical diameter of the nozzle, and a Hartmann emitter is located at the exit of the gas-dynamic nozzle (patent RU 2317837, А62С 35/02. А62С 31/00, В05В 7/00).

The device for spraying a liquid in a gas medium described in patent RU 3217837 provides a dispersion of 100-120 μm with a ratio in the weight measurement of working air to water of 1: 30 and a total operating time of up to 30 s. Comparative characteristics are given in the table.

Table No. Characteristic Speed m / s Water consumption, g / s Air consumption, g / s Dispersion, microns Air to water ratio one 2 3 four 5 6 7 one The device according to patent No. 2283152 65 345 13 120 26.6 2 Handset device between confuser and diffuser 75 338 12.5 115 27.1 3 The device according to patent No. 2317837 80 340 eleven one hundred 30.9

The disadvantages of the prototype include the fact that the use of a Hartmann emitter that implements the acoustic method of spraying water does not allow to increase the ratio of water flow per unit air flow, which leads to insufficient efficiency of the device. It is advisable to use these installations either at the initial stage of a fire, or in small fires.

The problem to which the present invention is directed is:

- providing the possibility of increasing the time of effective exposure to water-air aerosol,

- providing virtually unlimited operating time with a water stream.

The problem is solved in that in a hydropneumatic manual fire barrel, including a cylindrical body, water supply and compressed air supply connectors, a handle fixed to the body, on which a control lever is fixed, kinematically connected to the sleeve located inside the body and elastic bushings sealed relative to the barrel body a water valve, one end of which interacts with an elastic socket of the body of the water valve, and its second end interacts through a return spring with the housing of the air supply connector, inside the body of the water valve and the housing of the air supply connector, a compressed air supply line kinematically connected to the valve of the water valve and provided with corresponding seals is coaxially axially axially movable, while an air valve is arranged along the axis of the body of the water valve, controlled by a movable pipeline, and a supersonic nozzle, locked by an air valve, and a nozzle of output In general, the handle is hermetically connected to the barrel body and has an internal channel for supplying water, connected to the internal cavity of the barrel body by means of a movable outlet located between the return spring and the water valve sleeve, the specified water supply connector is located on the end of the handle in the compressed air supply pipe in front of the air valve, a check valve is located by the movement of the compressed air flow, and the supersonic nozzle, the inlet end of which is the seat of the air valve, is made with geometry a degree of expansion that exceeds the calculated value, determined by the equality of the static pressure in the supersonic stream and the pressure in the medium into which this stream flows and is located in the body of the water valve in front of the inlet of the extinguishing medium nozzle along its axis, while the extinguishing medium nozzle is located in its fixed body can rotate around its axis and is equipped with a cylindrical skirt in which the windows are made, and the fixed body is equipped with an appropriate number of response channels facing their moves towards the water valve, while the extinguishing medium nozzle is kinematically connected with the rotary head of the fire barrel, which ensures the regulation of the passage area of the windows of the cylindrical surface of the skirt and the formation of the tangential component of the radial velocity of the water inlet into the extinguishing medium nozzle, the control lever is kinematically connected with its spike through a socket with a water valve sleeve, and a thrust ring is rigidly mounted on the compressed air supply pipe at a distance of 70-80% of the sleeve’s stroke in dyanogo valve from the end of the movable retraction.

It is envisaged that a swirl is placed between the air and the check valve.

It is envisaged that the control lever is equipped with a device for fixing it in the extreme working position.

It is also envisaged that the water supply connector is made in the form of a standard coupling head to enable the fire barrel to be connected to the hose line of a fire truck.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a general view of a hydropneumatic manual fire barrel, Fig. 2 is a section A-A along the windows of a skirt of an extinguishing medium nozzle, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of air valve elements.

Hydropneumatic manual fire barrel includes:

1 - a cylindrical barrel body,

2 - connector for water supply,

3 - connector for compressed air,

4 - handle

5 - axis

6 - control lever,

7 - sleeve

8 - water valve

9 - elastic socket of the body of the water valve 8,

10 - return spring,

11 - air connector housing,

12 - pipeline supply of compressed air,

13 - air valve

14 - supersonic nozzle,

15 - nozzle extinguishing medium,

16 - an internal channel for supplying water,

17 - the internal cavity of the barrel 1,

18 - movable tap,

19 - check valve

20 - casing nozzle extinguishing medium 15,

21 is a cylindrical skirt,

22 - windows on a cylindrical skirt 21,

23 - channels on the housing 20,

24 - rotary head of the fire barrel,

25 - thorn of the control lever 6,

26 - socket sleeve water valve

27 - a persistent ring,

28 - swirl

29 - a device for fixing the control lever 6 in the extreme working position.

Hydropneumatic manual fire barrel is used as follows. A water supply line from an external water source, for example, a hose line of a fire truck, is connected to the water supply connector 2. A flexible conduit from a compressed air source is connected to the compressed air supply connector 3.

By pressing the control lever 6, move the sleeve 7 of the water valve 8. The valve 8 opens and the water through the channels 23 in the stationary body 20 of the extinguishing medium nozzle and through the windows 22 of the skirt 21 of the extinguishing medium nozzle enters the extinguishing medium nozzle 15 itself.

Upon reaching 70-80% of the stroke of the sleeve of the water valve 8, the water flow reaches a maximum value, which, provided that the windows 22 and the channels 23 coincide, forms a continuous stream of water with a maximum feed range.

The rotation of the barrel head 24 leads to the displacement of the windows 22 of the skirt 21 of the extinguishing medium nozzle relative to the channels 23 in the stationary housing 20 of the extinguishing medium nozzle. The water flow enters the nozzle 15 output with a tangential velocity component at which a sprayed quenching water jet is formed with a dispersion of droplets of 0.5-2 mm.

Thus, in the range of 70-80% of the travel of the control lever 6, kinematically connected with the sleeve of the water valve 8 located inside the body of the movable and sealed relative to the barrel barrel elastic seals, water supply of both continuous and atomized water jets is realized, practically without limiting the time of water supply.

The control lever provides the possibility of separate operation of various extinguishing media - water jets and water-air aerosol. So, the further movement of the control lever 6 to the stop leads to the contact of the end of the movable outlet 18 with the thrust ring 27 of the compressed air supply pipe 12 and the opening of the air valve 13 of the supersonic nozzle 14.

A supersonic high-energy jet of air moves in the center of the nozzle 15 of the output of the extinguishing medium and acts on the surface of the water. The kinetic energy of the jet disperses the water to a droplet size of 100-150 microns and removes from the nozzle 15 in the form of a high-speed jet of water-air aerosol with a weight content of water and air (100-140) g of water: 1 g of air.

The resulting water-air aerosol moves at a speed of 90-100 m / s over a distance of 20 m and provides high fire extinguishing efficiency with minimal water consumption.

The geometric degree of overexpansion of the supersonic nozzle determines the receipt of acoustic vibrations in the shock waves and contributes to the dispersion of water.

The proposed design of a hydropneumatic manual fire barrel allows you to provide a complete guarantee for the elimination of fire in confined spaces, because after the compressed air is exhausted from the cylinder, the barrel does not lose working capacity and continues to work with a standard water flow rate (3 l / s), forming various types of jets, since the barrel is connected to an external water source (fire truck). In this case, the firefighter can be equipped with an additional cylinder with compressed air instead of a cylinder with water, as is the case when using standard backpack fire fighting equipment.

The advantages of the described hydropneumatic manual fire barrel are:

1 - ensuring the maximum water-air ratio in the range of 140-150 g of water per 1 g of air while maintaining a dispersion of 100-120 microns;

2 - the possibility of increasing the barrel’s operating time by 4-5 times compared to existing knapsack installations with a portable fire supply of air instead of water;

3 - elimination of restrictions on the operation of water jets in the usual mode of extinguishing a fire.

The company LLC NPP "Ort" made prototypes of the inventive hydropneumatic hand-held fire barrel. The tests showed that the design of the claimed barrel allows when working with water-air aerosol at an air flow rate of 12.5 g per second to achieve a spray of 1.7 kg / s water flow with a dispersion of 100-120 microns (or 150-170 g of water per 1 g of air).

A cylinder with compressed air of 6.7 liters with an initial pressure of 300 atm. when using the inventive fire barrel, it provides 340 kg of water-air aerosol and a working time of 200 s instead of 30 s in backpack units.

All of this and gives the total efficiency of the claimed hydrodynamic manual fire barrel in 20-35 times compared with existing backpack units.

Claims (4)

1. Hydro-pneumatic manual fire barrel, including a cylindrical body, water supply and compressed air supply connectors, a handle fixed to the body, on which a control lever is fixed, kinematically connected to the water valve sleeve, which is movable and sealed relative to the barrel body by elastic seals, one end which interacts with the elastic socket of the water valve housing, and its second end through the return spring interacts with the housing of the air supply connector, inside When the water valve body and the body of the air supply connector are axially displaced, the compressed air supply pipe is kinematically connected to the water valve sleeve and provided with appropriate seals, while an air valve controlled by a movable pipe and ultrasonic valve are located along its axis inside the water valve body a nozzle locked by an air valve, and an extinguishing medium nozzle is located in the barrel body behind the water valve body, characterized in that the handle the fabric is hermetically connected to the barrel body and has an internal channel for supplying water connected to the internal cavity of the barrel body by means of a movable outlet located between the return spring and the water valve sleeve, the specified water supply connector is located on the handle end, in the compressed air supply pipe in front of the air valve a check valve is located by the movement of the compressed air flow, and a supersonic nozzle, the inlet end of which is the seat of the air valve, is made with a geometric degree p a broadening exceeding the calculated value determined by the equality of the static pressure in the supersonic stream and the pressure in the medium into which this stream flows out and is located in the body of the water valve in front of the inlet of the extinguishing medium nozzle along its axis, while the extinguishing medium nozzle is placed in its stationary the housing is rotatable around its axis and is equipped with a cylindrical skirt in which the windows are made, and the fixed housing is equipped with an appropriate number of response channels facing their inputs to the side a water valve, while the extinguishing medium nozzle is kinematically connected with the rotary head of the fire barrel, which ensures the regulation of the passage area of the windows of the cylindrical surface of the skirt and the formation of the tangential component of the radial velocity of the water inlet into the extinguishing medium nozzle, the control lever is kinematically connected through a water valve sleeve, and a thrust ring is rigidly mounted on the compressed air supply pipe at a distance of 70-80% of the stroke of the water valve sleeve end of the movable retraction. 2. Fire barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that between the air and check valve placed swirl. 3. The fire barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the control lever is equipped with a device for fixing it in the extreme working position. 4. The fire barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that the water supply connector is made in the form of a standard coupling head to enable the fire barrel to be connected to the hose line of a fire truck.

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