CN111297977A - Tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation, which is characterized in that fresh tea leaves are picked as an extraction sample and subjected to vacuum freeze drying to obtain tea powder, so that the loss caused by oxidation of tea polyphenol during conventional heating and drying is avoided, selenium tetrachloride is used as ions of the complex precipitation, selenium ions are nutritional ions required by human beings, toxic and side effects are avoided, and finally, carbon dioxide is adopted for supercritical extraction, so that the yield can be improved, and the oxidation loss of the tea polyphenol in the purification process can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant component extraction, and particularly relates to a tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation.
Background
Tea Polyphenols (Green Tea Polyphenols, abbreviated as GTP), also known as antioxidant, vitamin Polyphenols and Fanghailing, are a complex of polyhydroxy phenolic compounds in Tea leaves, and are composed of more than 30 phenolic substances, and the main components of the Tea Polyphenols are catechin and derivatives thereof, which are main chemical components with health care function in Tea leaves. The tea polyphenols have various physiological activities of resisting oxidation, preventing radiation, resisting aging, reducing blood lipid, reducing blood sugar, inhibiting bacteria and inhibiting enzyme, etc.
However, in the existing tea polyphenol extraction method, the extraction efficiency is low, more tea polyphenol components still exist in the extracted tea leaves, certain waste is caused, and the loss of tea polyphenol is more in the extraction process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation, wherein fresh tea leaves are picked as an extraction sample and subjected to vacuum freeze drying to obtain tea powder, the loss caused by tea polyphenol oxidation in conventional heating and drying is avoided, selenium tetrachloride is used as complex precipitation ions, selenium ions are nutrient ions required by human beings, toxic and side effects are avoided, and finally, carbon dioxide is adopted for supercritical extraction, so that the yield can be improved, and the oxidation loss of tea polyphenol caused in the purification process can be avoided.
The invention achieves the above objects through the following detailed technical solutions.
A tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation comprises the following steps:
step S10 stock preparation: weighing a proper amount of fresh tea leaves, freeze-drying the fresh tea leaves in a vacuum environment, crushing, returning to normal temperature in the vacuum environment, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, wherein the adoption of the fresh tea leaves can reduce the pre-processing procedure of the tea leaves, thereby saving the production cost;
step S20 leaching: according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1: 15, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the sieved tea powder for leaching for 1 hour, wherein the leaching temperature is 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution;
step S30 precipitation: according to the mass ratio of 4-5: 1, adding 15 percent of selenium tetrachloride aqueous solution into the extracting solution, adopting 10 percent of sodium carbonate to adjust the pH value, keeping the environment in weak acid until a large amount of camel hair color precipitate is generated, standing for 30min, performing high-speed centrifugal separation, taking the precipitate, and drying the precipitate in a vacuum environment at the temperature of 45 ℃;
step S40 acid hydrolysis: adding a dilute acid to the precipitate obtained in step S30 for dissolution;
step S50 concentration: 1-2 by volume: 1, adding ethyl acetate into the acidolysis solution, extracting for 2-3 times at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30min each time, combining the ethyl acetate extracted for multiple times, and concentrating;
step S60 purification: adding CO into the concentrated solution of tea polyphenol and ethyl acetate concentrated in the step S50 according to the volume ratio of 1:12Performing supercritical fluid extraction and purification under the supercritical conditions of 31Mpa extraction pressure, 60 deg.C extraction temperature, 50min extraction time and 6nl/min pressure relief flow rate to obtain high-purity tea polyphenol extract.
Wherein, the leaching period in the step S20 is slightly stirred every 5min, and the slight stirring enables the tea polyphenol to be dispersed more uniformly in the leaching solution every 30S, so that the aggregation on the surface of the solid is avoided, the yield is not influenced, meanwhile, the effect of reversing the solid is also realized, the tea powder in the inner part is prevented from being isolated by the tea powder outside, and the yield is reduced.
In the step S30, the method for adjusting the pH value with sodium carbonate is titration, and sodium carbonate is slowly added by titration while stirring slightly to keep the pH value within a range of 5 to 6.
Wherein the diluted acid in the step S40 is diluted sulfuric acid or diluted hydrochloric acid, the concentration of the diluted sulfuric acid is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the diluted hydrochloric acid is 4 mol/L.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the tea is pretreated by adopting a vacuum freezing and crushing mode, so that the tea is prevented from contacting with oxygen in a high-temperature environment in conventional pretreatment, the tea polyphenol is easily oxidized to cause loss, and the yield is influenced.
2. Selenium tetrachloride is adopted for complex precipitation, and both chloride ions and selenium are ions required by a human body and can be safely absorbed by the human body, so that the prepared tea polyphenol product is safe and has no toxic or side effect.
3. And finally, supercritical carbon dioxide is adopted for purification, so that the method has excellent purification efficiency, the tea polyphenol can be obtained and purified to the maximum extent, and the carbon dioxide can isolate oxygen to avoid oxidation loss.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: and (3) extracting tea polyphenol.
A tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation comprises the following steps:
step S10 stock preparation: weighing a proper amount of fresh tea leaves, freeze-drying the fresh tea leaves in a vacuum environment, crushing, returning to normal temperature in the vacuum environment, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve;
step S20 leaching: according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1: 15, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the sieved tea powder for leaching for 1 hour, wherein the leaching temperature is 60 ℃, slightly stirring every 5min during leaching for 30s each time, and filtering to obtain leaching liquor;
step S30 precipitation: according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, adding 15% of selenium tetrachloride aqueous solution into the extracting solution, namely, adding the 15% of selenium tetrachloride aqueous solution into the extracting solution, namely, the volume of the extracting solution is 4 times of that of the selenium tetrachloride aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value by adopting 10% of sodium carbonate, keeping a weak acid environment until a large amount of camel hair color precipitate is generated, standing for 30min, performing high-speed centrifugal separation, taking the precipitate, and drying the precipitate in a vacuum environment at the temperature of 45 ℃;
step S40 acid hydrolysis: adding 4mol/L diluted hydrochloric acid into the precipitate obtained in the step S30 for dissolution;
step S50 concentration: according to the volume ratio of 2: 1, adding ethyl acetate into the acidolysis solution, extracting for 2-3 times at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30min each time, combining the ethyl acetate extracted for multiple times, and concentrating;
step S60 purification: adding CO into the concentrated solution of tea polyphenol and ethyl acetate concentrated in the step S50 according to the volume ratio of 1:12Performing supercritical fluid extraction and purification under the supercritical conditions of 31Mpa extraction pressure, 60 deg.C extraction temperature, 50min extraction time and 6nl/min pressure relief flow rate to obtain high-purity tea polyphenol extract.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for adjusting the pH value by using sodium carbonate in step S30 is titration, and sodium carbonate is slowly added by titration while stirring slightly to keep the pH value in the range of 5 to 6.
Example two: and (4) testing the yield of the extraction method.
Taking the tea polyphenol extract in the first example as an experimental group 1, preparing a control group and other experimental groups according to the conditions in the table 1, and detecting the content of the tea polyphenol obtained by each group.
Table 1, table of differences in treatment parameters for control and experimental groups.
| Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 | Experimental group 4 | Control group 5 | |
| Pretreatment method | Vacuum freeze drying | Heating for drying | Vacuum freeze drying | Vacuum freeze drying | Heating for drying |
| Complexing reagents | Selenium tetrachloride | Selenium tetrachloride | Calcium chloride | Selenium tetrachloride | Calcium chloride |
| Extraction method | Supercritical extraction | Supercritical extraction | Supercritical extraction | Chromatography column | Chromatography column |
The tea polyphenol content detection method comprises the following steps:
respectively measuring 0mL, 2 mL, 4 mL, 6 mL, 8 mL and 10mL of standard solution with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, placing the standard solution in a 50mL volumetric flask, fixing the volume to a scale mark, measuring the absorbance at the wavelength of 274nm, drawing a standard curve according to the concentration and the absorbance, and obtaining a standard curve equation: y is 0.097X +0.0062 and R is 0.0992.
The yield of tea polyphenols is VCN/(1000W) 100%, wherein: v is the volume of the purified sample obtained in the step S60, and the unit is mL; c is the mass concentration of the tea polyphenol in the diluted extracting solution, and the unit is mg/mL; n is the dilution multiple of the extracting solution; w is the weight of tea leaves in g, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 measurement results of tea polyphenols
| Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 | Experimental group 4 | Control group 5 | |
| Yield (%) | 29.7 | 24.2 | 28.3 | 28.6 | 20.6 |
| Purity (%) | 96.2 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 93.8 | 92.3 |
As can be seen from table 2, the pretreatment mode of vacuum freezing helps to improve the yield, while the supercritical extraction helps to improve the purity and yield.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express one embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A tea polyphenol extraction method based on complex precipitation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S10 stock preparation: weighing a proper amount of fresh tea leaves, freeze-drying the fresh tea leaves in a vacuum environment, crushing, returning to normal temperature in the vacuum environment, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve;
step S20 leaching: according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1: 15, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the sieved tea powder for leaching for 1 hour, wherein the leaching temperature is 60 ℃, and filtering to obtain a leaching solution;
step S30 precipitation: according to the mass ratio of 4-5: 1, adding 15 percent of selenium tetrachloride aqueous solution into the extracting solution, adopting 10 percent of sodium carbonate to adjust the pH value, keeping the environment in weak acid until a large amount of camel hair color precipitate is generated, standing for 30min, performing high-speed centrifugal separation, taking the precipitate, and drying the precipitate in a vacuum environment at the temperature of 45 ℃;
step S40 acid hydrolysis: adding a dilute acid to the precipitate obtained in step S30 for dissolution;
step S50 concentration: 1-2 by volume: 1, adding ethyl acetate into the acidolysis solution, extracting for 2-3 times at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30min each time, combining the ethyl acetate extracted for multiple times, and concentrating;
step S60 purification: adding CO into the concentrated solution of tea polyphenol and ethyl acetate concentrated in the step S50 according to the volume ratio of 1:12Performing supercritical fluid extraction and purification under the supercritical conditions of 31Mpa extraction pressure, 60 deg.C extraction temperature, 50min extraction time and 6nl/min pressure relief flow rate to obtain high-purity tea polyphenol extract.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the leaching period of step S20 is slightly stirred every 5min for 30S.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH adjustment in step S30 is performed by titration, and sodium carbonate is slowly added by titration while stirring slightly to maintain pH in the range of 5-6.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the diluted acid in step S40 is diluted sulfuric acid or diluted hydrochloric acid, the concentration of diluted sulfuric acid is 2mol/L, and the concentration of diluted hydrochloric acid is 4 mol/L.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112741112A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Tea polyphenol nano-silver compound and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114989228A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-02 | 保山嘉宏生物科技有限公司 | Tea polyphenol extraction method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1194966A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-07 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Process for extracting high-purity tea polyphenols |
| CN1253940A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-24 | 无锡轻工大学 | Method for extracting tea-polyphenol from tea |
| CN109535119A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州理工学院 | A kind of extracting method of tea polyphenols |
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- 2020-02-12 CN CN202010088073.6A patent/CN111297977A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1194966A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-07 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Process for extracting high-purity tea polyphenols |
| CN1253940A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-24 | 无锡轻工大学 | Method for extracting tea-polyphenol from tea |
| CN109535119A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州理工学院 | A kind of extracting method of tea polyphenols |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 于华忠，等: "茶多酚的研究进展", 《福建茶叶》 * |
| 林建平，等: "Se4+沉淀法提取茶多酚及制备工艺比较", 《三明高等专科学校学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112741112A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Tea polyphenol nano-silver compound and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114989228A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-02 | 保山嘉宏生物科技有限公司 | Tea polyphenol extraction method |
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