CN111289354A - Tensile fixture and tensile testing machine - Google Patents
Tensile fixture and tensile testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111289354A CN111289354A CN201811502463.2A CN201811502463A CN111289354A CN 111289354 A CN111289354 A CN 111289354A CN 201811502463 A CN201811502463 A CN 201811502463A CN 111289354 A CN111289354 A CN 111289354A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stretching clamp, which comprises: the device comprises a body with a clamping part, a hollow boss, a screw pressing mechanism, a pressing slide block, a movable sliding table, a pair of locking slide blocks, a pair of limiting and retaining plates and a sample piece limiting plate; the pressing sliding block, the moving sliding table and the locking sliding block are all arranged in the clamping cavity, the pressing sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the clamping cavity, the moving sliding table is arranged on the pressing sliding block, and the locking sliding blocks are arranged on the moving sliding table in a bilateral symmetry manner; the limiting and maintaining plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the clamping part, and the sample piece limiting plate is arranged on the top surface of the clamping part; the hollow boss is fixed at the bottom of the body, the screw pressing mechanism comprises a screw, and the screw penetrates through the hollow boss to be connected with the pressing sliding block. The invention also provides a tensile testing machine comprising the tensile clamp. The stretching clamp provided by the invention is reliable in clamping, prevents freezing and slipping, is convenient to use, is safe and reliable, and can meet the requirements of low-temperature stretching tests of various materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clamp for a material tensile test, in particular to a tensile clamp and a tensile testing machine.
Background
Tensile properties are an important indicator of the mechanical properties of a material. By carrying out tensile tests at different temperatures and analyzing the influence of environmental temperature change on the tensile property of the material, the method can help people to correctly select and use the material, better master the forming process conditions of the material and achieve the purpose of improving the material property through better material design.
The tensile fixture is an important device for tensile test, and the tensile test machines at home and abroad are largely the same and different, but the tensile fixture is largely different. The tensile clamps also vary widely between companies, depending mainly on the overall level of the company and the accumulation of experience of the designer, etc.
The tensile jig used in the tensile testing machine has no fixed mode in structure. The tensile clamps vary greatly in structure depending on the sample and the magnitude of the test force.
At present, the design of tensile anchor clamps of normal atmospheric temperature on the market is more ripe and relatively easy. The patent specification with the publication number of CN 206862758U discloses a tensile fixture and a tensile testing machine, wherein the tensile fixture comprises a fixture seat, a trapezoidal cavity with a narrow opening and a wide bottom is arranged on the fixture seat, two side faces of the cavity are respectively connected with wedge-shaped pressing blocks in a sliding manner, a first long hole is arranged on the rear end face of the cavity along the sliding direction of the pressing blocks, a guide pillar is arranged on the rear end face of the pressing blocks, the guide pillar is connected in the first long hole in a sliding manner, a synchronizing block is connected on the rear end face of the fixture seat in a vertical sliding manner, a second long hole is horizontally arranged on the synchronizing block, and the guide pillar is also connected in the second long hole in a sliding manner. Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, when two briquetting slided on the side of cavity and compress tightly, because the limiting displacement of synchronizing block can make two briquetting keep in step when sliding to make the briquetting the load size of applying when two compress tightly the sample unanimous, with more firm of sample centre gripping, guaranteed the centering nature of loading axis, make test data more accurate.
However, as the demand for environmental testing increases, the demand for high and low temperature fixtures presents challenges. Unlike the normal temperature stretching clamp, the high and low temperature clamp must be installed in the high and low temperature box. Because the stretching clamp is limited by the stroke of the testing machine, the stretching clamp is required to have small volume, meet the testing force and resist high temperature and low temperature, so the design is difficult.
Relatively speaking, the degree of difficulty of low temperature tensile anchor clamps is bigger than the tensile anchor clamps of high temperature in the design, because the comdenstion water freezes easily and leads to tensile anchor clamps can't open or skid when tensile anchor clamps lock and lead to the not enough scheduling problem of clamping force to it is big to cause the test data discreteness, influences tensile test's accuracy.
Patent specification with publication number CN 202177546U discloses a tensile anchor clamps, including anchor clamps body and a pair of wedge tooth piece, the anchor clamps body includes a pair of arm lock, be equipped with the direction chute on the arm lock respectively, a pair of wedge tooth piece can slide relatively a pair of direction chute, be provided with mutually supporting bolt and pinhole on a pair of wedge tooth piece respectively. Adopt this utility model's tensile furniture, can carry out reliable clamp with the sample and press from both sides tightly and fix a position, bolt and jack both can play the positioning action when the sample installation, also can provide stress when tensile and compensate the clamping-force not enough. The scheme can be applied to medium and low temperature tensile tests of high-strength steel plates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stretching clamp which is reliable in clamping, prevents freezing and slipping, is convenient to use, is safe and reliable, and can meet the requirements of low-temperature stretching tests of various materials.
A stretch clip, comprising: the device comprises a body with a clamping part, a hollow boss, a screw pressing mechanism, a pressing slide block, a movable sliding table, a pair of locking slide blocks, a pair of limiting and retaining plates and a sample piece limiting plate;
the pressing sliding block, the moving sliding table and the locking sliding block are all arranged in the clamping cavity, the pressing sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the clamping cavity, the moving sliding table is arranged on the pressing sliding block, and the locking sliding blocks are arranged on the moving sliding table in a bilateral symmetry manner;
the limiting and retaining plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the clamping part, and the sample piece limiting plate is arranged on the top surface of the clamping part;
the hollow boss is fixed at the bottom of the body, the screw pressing mechanism comprises a screw, and the screw penetrates through the hollow boss to be connected with the pressing sliding block.
The screw pressing mechanism is operated, so that the screw of the screw pressing mechanism can push the pressing slider to move upwards, the pressing slider can push the moving sliding table to move upwards, the moving sliding table can push the locking slider to move upwards, the locking slider can slide towards the middle under the limitation of the clamping part while moving upwards, and the locking slider is in contact with the installed sample piece to be tested until the sample piece to be tested is locked, and the reliable clamping of the sample piece to be tested is realized.
Preferably, the top surface of the clamping part is provided with a scale used for adjusting the locking positions of different sample pieces.
Preferably, the movable sliding table is matched with the pressing sliding block through a first groove tongue structure, and the first groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap so as to leave a displacement space for secondary locking. More preferably, the displacement clearance of the first tongue and groove structure is about 1 mm. The movable sliding table realizes sliding on the pressing sliding block through a first groove tongue structure.
Preferably, the locking slide block is matched with the movable sliding table through a second groove tongue structure, and the second groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap so as to leave a displacement space for secondary locking. More preferably, the displacement clearance of the second groove and tongue structure is about 0.5 mm. The locking slide block realizes the sliding on the movable sliding table through a second groove tongue structure.
Preferably, the clamping part is provided with bilaterally symmetrical locking inclined planes, the locking sliding block moves along the locking inclined planes, and a first anti-freezing groove is formed in the surface, which is in contact with the locking inclined planes. The first anti-freezing groove can collect redundant water vapor on the contact surface under the pressing action, and the clamping part and the locking sliding block are prevented from being frozen together.
Preferably, the locking slider and the locking inclined plane are matched through a third groove tongue structure, and the third groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap so as to leave a displacement space for secondary locking. More preferably, the displacement gap of the third tongue and groove arrangement is about 1 mm.
Preferably, the locking slide block is a wedge-shaped block, is provided with a one-way inclined plane groove and a garbage collection groove, and is used for bearing the force of the one-way inclined plane and collecting and cleaning garbage collection.
Preferably, the oblique angle of the locking oblique plane is 1-2 degrees smaller than the wedge-shaped oblique angle of the locking sliding block. When the locking slide block moves upwards along the locking inclined plane, the locking inclined plane and the wedge-shaped surface cut type of the locking slide block are stressed to be self-locked.
Preferably, the screw of the screw compressing mechanism is provided with a compressing surface and a displacement limiting groove, and is matched with the compressing slide block through a fourth groove tongue structure, and the fourth groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap so as to leave a displacement space for secondary locking. More preferably, the displacement gap of the fourth groove tongue structure is 0.5-3 mm.
Preferably, the bottom of the clamping cavity is provided with a pressing inclined plane, the pressing inclined plane is provided with a second anti-freezing groove, and the pressing sliding block moves along the pressing inclined plane. The second anti-freezing groove can collect redundant water vapor on the contact surface under the compression effect, and the body and the compression sliding block are prevented from being frozen together.
Preferably, the pressing slider and the pressing inclined surface are matched through a fifth groove tongue structure.
Preferably, the locking sliding block is provided with sliding grooves which are symmetrical on two sides of the clamping part, the limiting nail penetrates through the limiting retaining plate and then is clamped in the sliding grooves, and the limiting nail slides in the sliding grooves to drive the locking sliding block to open and close.
Preferably, the bottom of the body is provided with a mounting column matched with a clamp of the tensile testing machine for mounting.
The invention also provides a tensile testing machine which comprises the tensile clamp.
Preferably, the mounting column is mounted at the fixture mounting position of the tensile testing machine, so that the tensile test is carried out after the tensile fixture is mounted.
The work flow of the invention comprises:
1. installing a sample to be tested
(1) 2 tensile clamps of the invention were mounted at the upper and lower clamp mounting positions of the tensile testing machine, respectively.
(2) And operating a screw pressing mechanism of the first tensile fixture below the tensile testing machine to enable a pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be far away from the pressing sliding block, enabling the pressing sliding block to move downwards, enabling the moving sliding table to sink, enabling the locking sliding block to move downwards and outwards slide on the moving sliding table at the same time, enabling the locking sliding block to be opened to form an opening, and placing one end of a sample piece to be tested at the opening of the first tensile fixture.
(3) And (5) locking. And operating the screw pressing mechanism to enable a pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be in contact with the pressing sliding block, pushing the pressing sliding block to move upwards, lifting the movable sliding table, and sliding towards the middle on the movable sliding table while locking the sliding block to move upwards.
(4) And (3) repeating the step (2) for a second tensile fixture above the tensile testing machine, and placing the other end of the sample piece to be tested at the opening of the second tensile fixture.
(5) And (5) repeating the step (3), and locking the sample piece to be tested to complete the installation of the sample piece to be tested.
2. Taking down a sample to be tested
And operating the screw pressing mechanisms of the first stretching clamp and the second stretching clamp to enable the pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be far away from the pressing sliding block, enabling the pressing sliding block to move downwards, enabling the movable sliding table to sink, enabling the locking sliding block to move downwards and slide outwards on the movable sliding table at the same time, enabling the locking sliding block to be opened, and taking down the sample piece to be tested.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that: the clamping is reliable, the anti-freezing and anti-slipping effects are realized, the use is convenient, the safety and the reliability are realized, and the requirements of low-temperature tensile tests of various materials can be met.
The tensile fixture has high clamping reliability on the test sample, and the test sample does not slip or generate relative displacement in the tensile test process, so that the tensile test performed by the tensile fixture has the advantages of accurate data, high repeatability, small data discreteness and good sample breakpoint.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stretching jig of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure in a holding cavity of the stretching jig of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a one-way inclined surface groove and a garbage collecting groove of a locking slider of the stretching jig of embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first freeze-preventing groove of the stretching jig of embodiment 1;
in the figure: 1-body; 2-locking the sliding block; 3, pressing the sliding block; 4-moving the sliding table; 6-displacement limiting groove; 7-a limit retaining plate; 8-rotating the handle; 9-sample piece limiting plate; 13-hollow boss; 14-mounting screws; 15-a limit screw; 17-a first freeze protection tank; 35-a unidirectional bevel groove; 36-garbage scraping groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that the examples of the present invention are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following examples are given without reference to specific conditions, generally according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1
The stretching jig shown in fig. 1 and 2 includes: the device comprises a body 1 with a clamping part, a hollow boss 13, a screw pressing mechanism, a pressing slide block 3, a movable sliding table 4, a pair of locking slide blocks 2, a pair of limiting and retaining plates 7 and a sample limiting plate 9. The bottom of the body 1 is provided with a mounting column which is matched with a tensile testing machine clamp for mounting.
The hollow boss 13 is fixed at the bottom of the body 1 through a bolt, and the pressing slide block 3 can freely move in the hollow space of the hollow boss 13. The center of the hollow boss 13 and the pressing slide block 3 are both provided with threaded holes.
The screw pressing mechanism comprises a screw with a pressing surface and a rotating handle 8 vertically penetrating through the screw, and the screw penetrates through a central threaded hole of the hollow boss 13 and then is inserted into a threaded hole of the pressing slider 3. A displacement limiting groove 6 is further arranged on the screw rod, and a fourth tongue part is formed between the displacement limiting groove and the pressing surface. The pressing sliding block 3 is provided with a fourth groove which is matched with the fourth tongue part to form a fourth tongue part structure. The fourth groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap of 1mm, and a displacement space is reserved for secondary locking.
The bottom of the clamping cavity is provided with a pressing inclined plane, and the pressing sliding block 3 is installed on the pressing inclined plane. And a fifth tongue part is arranged on the pressing inclined surface, and forms a fifth tongue part structure with a fifth groove on the bottom surface of the pressing sliding block 3. The pressing slide block 3 moves along the pressing inclined plane through a fifth groove tongue structure. A second anti-freezing groove is also arranged on the pressing inclined plane. The second anti-freezing groove can collect the redundant water vapor on the contact surface under the compression effect, and the body 1 and the compression slide block 3 are prevented from being frozen together.
The movable sliding table 4 is arranged on the pressing sliding block 3. The bottom surface of the movable sliding table 4 is provided with a first groove, and a first tongue part of the top surface of the pressing sliding block 3 and the first groove form a first tongue part structure. The movable sliding table 4 slides on the pressing sliding block 3 through a first groove tongue structure. The first groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap of 1mm, and a displacement space is reserved for secondary locking.
As shown in fig. 3, the locking slide block 2 is a wedge-shaped block, and is provided with a one-way inclined plane groove 35 and a garbage collection groove 36 for bearing the one-way inclined plane and collecting and cleaning garbage. The locking slide blocks 2 are arranged on the movable sliding table 4 in a bilateral symmetry mode. The bottom surface of the locking slide block 2 is provided with a second groove which forms a second groove tongue structure with a second tongue part on the top surface of the movable sliding table 4. The locking slide block 2 realizes the sliding on the movable sliding table 4 through a second groove tongue structure. The second groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap of 0.5mm, and a displacement space is reserved for secondary locking.
The clamping part is provided with bilaterally symmetrical locking inclined planes, the locking inclined planes are provided with third grooves, and a third groove tongue structure is formed by the third grooves and a third tongue part of the locking sliding block 2. The locking slide block 2 realizes the movement on the locking inclined plane through a third groove tongue structure. The third groove tongue structure is provided with a displacement gap of 1mm, and a displacement space is reserved for secondary locking. The oblique angle of the locking oblique plane is 1 degree smaller than the wedge oblique angle of the locking slide block 2, so that when the locking slide block 2 moves upwards along the locking oblique plane, the locking oblique plane and the wedge-shaped surface cut type of the locking slide block 2 are stressed to be self-locked.
As shown in fig. 4, the locking slide 2 is provided with a first anti-freeze groove 17 on the surface contacting the locking ramp. The first anti-freezing groove 17 can collect the excessive water vapor on the contact surface under the pressing action, and prevent the clamping part and the locking slide block 2 from being frozen together.
The limiting and maintaining plate 7 is provided with a mounting threaded hole and a limiting threaded hole. Each spacing retaining plate 7 is secured to the clamp side by 4 sets of mounting screws 14. The locking slide block 2 is provided with slide grooves which are symmetrical at two sides of the clamping part. The limiting screw 15 penetrates through the limiting threaded hole of the limiting retaining plate 7 and then is clamped in the sliding groove, and the limiting screw 15 slides in the sliding groove to drive the locking sliding block 2 to open and close.
The sample limiting plate 9 is arranged on the top surface of the clamping part, and the top surface of the clamping part is also provided with a scale used for adjusting the locking positions of different sample pieces.
Application example 1
1. Installing a sample to be tested
(1) The tensile clamps of two embodiments 1 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower clamp installation positions of the tensile testing machine, and the installation column of the body 1 is aligned with the installation positions.
(2) The rotating handle 8 on the screw pressing mechanism of the first tensile fixture below the rotary tensile testing machine enables the pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be far away from the pressing sliding block 3, the pressing sliding block 3 moves downwards along the pressing inclined surface, the movable sliding table 4 sinks, and the locking sliding block 2 slides outwards on the movable sliding table 4 while moving downwards along the locking inclined surface, so that the locking sliding block 2 is opened to form an opening, and one end of a sample piece to be tested is placed at the opening of the first tensile fixture.
(3) And (5) locking. The rotating handle 8 of the screw pressing mechanism is rotated to enable the pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be in contact with the pressing sliding block 3, the rotating handle 8 of the screw pressing mechanism is continuously rotated, the pressing sliding block 3 moves upwards along the pressing inclined surface, the movable sliding table 4 rises, and the locking sliding block 2 slides towards the middle of the movable sliding table 4 while moving upwards along the locking inclined surface. In the locking operation, the position of the sample piece to be measured on the scale on the top surface of the body 1 is observed, and the sample piece to be measured is adjusted to a proper position in real time.
(4) And (3) repeating the step (2) for a second tensile fixture above the tensile testing machine, and placing the other end of the sample piece to be tested at the opening of the second tensile fixture.
(5) And (5) repeating the step (3), and locking the sample piece to be tested to complete the installation of the sample piece to be tested.
When the tensile testing machine starts to stretch, in the two second tensile clamps, the displacement gap of 1mm arranged on the first groove tongue structure, the displacement gap of 0.5mm arranged on the second groove tongue structure, the displacement gap of 1mm arranged on the third groove tongue structure and the displacement gap of 1mm arranged on the fourth groove tongue structure can realize the function of secondary locking. And the oblique angle of the locking oblique plane is 1 degree smaller than the wedge oblique angle of the locking slide block 2, so that the locking oblique plane and the wedge-shaped cutting type of the locking slide block 2 are stressed to be self-locked in the locking process.
2. Taking down a sample to be tested
The rotating handle 8 on the screw pressing mechanism of the first tensile fixture and the second tensile fixture is rotated to enable the pressing surface of the screw pressing mechanism to be far away from the pressing sliding block 3, the pressing sliding block 3 moves downwards along the pressing inclined surface, the movable sliding table 4 sinks, and the locking sliding block 2 slides outwards on the movable sliding table 4 while moving downwards along the locking inclined surface, so that the locking sliding block 2 is opened to take down a sample to be tested.
The tensile fixture has the characteristics of low-temperature freezing prevention and continuous inclined plane locking, is reliable in clamping, prevents freezing and slipping, is convenient to use, is safe and reliable, and can meet the requirements of low-temperature tensile tests of various materials.
The tensile fixture has high clamping reliability on the test sample, and the test sample does not slip or generate relative displacement and the like in the tensile test process, so the tensile test performed by the tensile fixture has the advantages of accurate data, high repeatability, small data discreteness and good sample breakpoint.
Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the above description of the present invention, and equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A stretch clamp, comprising: the device comprises a body with a clamping part, a hollow boss, a screw pressing mechanism, a pressing slide block, a movable sliding table, a pair of locking slide blocks, a pair of limiting and retaining plates and a sample piece limiting plate;
the pressing sliding block, the moving sliding table and the locking sliding block are all arranged in the clamping cavity, the pressing sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the clamping cavity, the moving sliding table is arranged on the pressing sliding block, and the locking sliding blocks are arranged on the moving sliding table in a bilateral symmetry manner;
the limiting and retaining plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the clamping part, and the sample piece limiting plate is arranged on the top surface of the clamping part;
the hollow boss is fixed at the bottom of the body, the screw pressing mechanism comprises a screw, and the screw penetrates through the hollow boss to be connected with the pressing sliding block.
2. The stretching clamp of claim 1, wherein the movable sliding table is matched with the pressing sliding table through a first tongue structure, and the locking sliding table is matched with the movable sliding table through a second tongue structure.
3. The stretching jig of claim 1, wherein the clamping portion has locking slopes in bilateral symmetry, the locking slider moves along the locking slopes, and a first anti-freezing groove is formed on a surface contacting with the locking slopes.
4. The stretch clip of claim 3 wherein the locking slide engages the locking ramp via a third tongue and groove arrangement.
5. The stretch clip of claim 3 or 4 wherein the locking slider is a wedge shaped block with a one way ramp groove and a garbage collection groove.
6. The stretch clip of claim 5 wherein the oblique angle of the locking ramp is 1 ° to 2 ° less than the wedge-shaped oblique angle of the locking slide.
7. The stretching clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screw of the screw compressing mechanism is provided with a compressing surface and a displacement limiting groove, and the fourth groove tongue structure is matched with the compressing slide block.
8. The stretching jig of claim 1 wherein the bottom of the clamping cavity is provided with a pressing slope, the pressing slope is provided with a second anti-freezing groove, and the pressing slider moves along the pressing slope.
9. The stretching clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the locking slider is provided with sliding grooves symmetrical at both sides of the clamping portion, the limit pin passes through the limit retaining plate and then is clamped in the sliding grooves, and the limit pin slides in the sliding grooves to drive the locking slider to open and close.
10. A tensile testing machine comprising the tensile jig according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811502463.2A CN111289354B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Tensile fixture and tensile testing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811502463.2A CN111289354B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Tensile fixture and tensile testing machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111289354A true CN111289354A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
| CN111289354B CN111289354B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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|---|---|
| CN111289354B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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