CN111289301A - Soil solution collecting method - Google Patents
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- CN111289301A CN111289301A CN202010261339.2A CN202010261339A CN111289301A CN 111289301 A CN111289301 A CN 111289301A CN 202010261339 A CN202010261339 A CN 202010261339A CN 111289301 A CN111289301 A CN 111289301A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil solution collecting method, which comprises the following steps: implanting an outer cylinder of a soil solution collector into a soil solution collecting area; adjusting the implantation depth of the outer cylinder to ensure that a liquid inlet hole on the outer cylinder is just positioned at a collection point; inserting the inner cylinder of the soil solution collector into the outer cylinder until the soil solution collecting port is aligned with the liquid inlet hole on the outer cylinder, covering a sealing cover of the soil solution collector, and recording the initial time point of soil solution collection; after the collection time period is finished, opening the sealing cover, and taking out the inner cylinder of the soil solution collector; and pouring out or discharging the soil solution collected in the inner cylinder for further analysis. The method for collecting the soil solution can realize fixed-point and timing sampling, can simultaneously collect the soil solution at different depths, can be assembled into a proper length according to requirements for collection, and can not damage the soil layer structure in the collection process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil solution sampling technology, in particular to a soil solution collecting method.
Background
At present, the methods of pre-burying pipelines, opening pit digging and the like are mainly adopted for collecting soil solutions at different depths and different positions. The embedded leakage pipe has the defects of high replacement difficulty after blockage, incapability of realizing fixed-point and timed sampling and the like; the open type digging sampling has the problems of large engineering quantity, high cost, difficult multi-point sampling realization, damage to soil layers and the like.
Document CN207231846U provides an extraction type soil solution collecting device, which includes a liquid collecting cylinder with an open end, the open end of the liquid collecting cylinder is sequentially connected with a sampling bottle and a vacuum pump through a connecting pipeline, the side of the liquid collecting cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid absorbing devices, the side of the liquid collecting cylinder is connected with a circular tube-shaped casing through two connecting rods, the casing is perpendicular to the liquid collecting cylinder, and a U-shaped supporting rod with two pointed conical ends is arranged in the casing. The process of collecting soil solution by adopting the device belongs to a dynamic collection mode, and can only collect soil solution within a certain short time period, and the soil layer structure can be damaged in the collection process.
In addition, document CN110849663A provides an integration soil and soil solution collection system, including the sampling box, the first slide bar of interior roof fixedly connected with of sampling box, the surface sliding connection of first slide bar has the fly leaf, the bottom fixedly connected with sampling cylinder of fly leaf, the interior roof swing joint of sampling cylinder has the bull stick, the surface fixedly connected with of bull stick promotes the auger, logical groove has been seted up to the bottom of sampling box, the upper portion fixedly connected with soil discharge pipe of sampling cylinder surface, the interior roof fixedly connected with of sampling box collection box. However, it is inconvenient to collect the solution in the soil for growing seedlings of crops and the soil for growing crops using the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil solution collecting method, which can realize fixed-point and timed sampling, can simultaneously collect soil solutions at different depths and can not damage soil layer structures in the collecting process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A soil solution collection method comprises the following steps:
step 3, inserting the inner cylinder of the soil solution collector into the outer cylinder until the soil solution collecting port is aligned with a liquid inlet hole on the outer cylinder, covering a sealing cover of the soil solution collector, and recording the initial time point of soil solution collection;
step 4, opening the sealing cover after the collection time period is finished, and taking out the inner cylinder of the soil solution collector;
step 5, pouring out or discharging the soil solution collected in the inner cylinder for further analysis;
the soil solution collector comprises an inner cylinder for containing the soil solution, soil solution collecting ports are respectively arranged at different height positions on the inner cylinder, and a partition plate arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder is adopted to divide the inner cavity of the inner cylinder into a plurality of spaces for containing the soil solution; an outer cylinder is arranged on the inner cylinder, a liquid inlet hole is formed in the outer cylinder, and after the outer cylinder is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder, a soil solution collecting port and the liquid inlet hole jointly form a channel for communicating the inner cavity of the inner cylinder with the outside of the outer cylinder; the elastic sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the inner barrel, is positioned below the soil solution collecting port and is arranged close to the soil solution collecting port, and is used for preventing soil solution from leaking downwards from a gap between the inner barrel and the outer barrel after the outer barrel is tightly sleeved on the inner barrel;
the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a first annular groove used for matching with the elastic sealing ring, and after the outer cylinder is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder, the outer edge of the elastic sealing ring is tightly propped against the inside of the first annular groove; annular grooves II are formed in the positions of different heights of the outer wall of the inner barrel, and corresponding soil solution collecting ports are formed in the annular grooves II; the soil solution collector also comprises a rubber sealing ring which can be matched in the second annular groove, when the rubber sealing ring is sleeved in the second annular groove, the inner cavity of the inner cylinder is separated from the outer part of the outer cylinder, and when the rubber sealing ring is removed, the inner cavity of the inner cylinder is communicated with the outer part of the outer cylinder; the soil solution collecting ports are arranged according to the designed layer height, the soil solution collecting port of each layer is composed of a plurality of holes arranged around the inner cylinder, and the holes with the same layer height are arranged at intervals;
wherein, the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with a liquid outlet, and the top of the inner cylinder and the top of the outer cylinder are respectively provided with a sealing cover.
As one of the preferable schemes of the invention, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder respectively adopt a segmented structure which can be spliced according to the length requirement, and the segments of the middle part except the first segment and the tail segment are standard segments. Adopt such structure can assemble into different length with soil solution collector as required, be convenient for gather the soil solution of the same layer depths.
As a second preferred scheme of the invention, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are respectively provided with slopes, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are both in a shape with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is in a conical shape or a hemispherical shape; a liquid taking pipe is arranged at the bottom of the inner barrel, the liquid taking pipe is respectively communicated with corresponding spaces for containing soil solution, and a pipe plug is arranged on the liquid taking pipe in a matching way.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the outer barrel is also provided with a size mark, and the implantation depth of the outer barrel is adjusted according to the size mark.
Further, in the step 1, an outer cylinder implantation hole is pre-opened by using a tool slightly thinner than the outer cylinder, and then the outer cylinder is inserted into the implantation hole and the implantation depth is adjusted.
Further, in the step 1 and the step 2, a thin rod slightly smaller than the aperture of the liquid discharge port is inserted into the liquid discharge port, the bottom of the thin rod extends downwards out of the liquid discharge port, the outer cylinder is inserted into the soil solution collection area, the implantation depth of the outer cylinder is adjusted, and the step 3 is implemented after the thin rod is taken out. The mode can realize soil solution collection more smoothly, and can implement multi-point collection aiming at the same collection point.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, if soil solutions at the depth of layer a and the depth of layer B need to be collected simultaneously, the step 2 is "adjusting the implantation depth of the outer cylinder so that one layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer cylinder is located at the depth of layer a and the other layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer cylinder is located at the depth of layer B"; and before the step 3 is started, sleeving a rubber sealing ring on a second annular groove except the second annular groove on the inner cylinder corresponding to the depth A and the depth B. Of course, the simultaneous collection of the solutions at different depths is not limited to the two depths of layer a and layer B, and may be performed at more different depths. If the soil solution is required to be collected through all the collecting ports on the soil solution collector, the second ring groove is not required to be sleeved with a rubber sealing ring.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, if only soil solution at a single depth is to be collected, before the step 3 is started, the rubber seal rings are all sleeved on the ring grooves two corresponding to the other depths.
Further, the maximum outer diameter of the outer cylinder is not more than 1/2 of the space between adjacent seedlings.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the method for collecting the soil solution can realize fixed-point and timing sampling, can simultaneously collect the soil solution at different depths, can be assembled into a proper length according to requirements and then collected, and can not damage the soil layer structure in the collection process; the method for collecting the soil solution has the advantages of simple operation process, low cost, controllable collection time period and collection depth, suitability for collecting the soil solution in medium and long time periods and suitability for multi-point collection in large-area areas; the method can collect the soil solution aiming at most of the soil, is particularly suitable for collecting the crop seedling raising soil and the solution in the crop growth soil, does not damage the crop seedlings when the soil solution is collected in the crop seedling raising stage, and does not damage the crops when the soil solution is collected in the crop growth stage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a soil solution collector used in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inner cylinder of a soil solution collector used in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a soil solution collector used in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a soil solution collector used in example 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a soil solution collector used in example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only used for understanding the principle of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the invention as described herein, which do not depart from the principles of the invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims which follow.
Example 1
The soil solution collector used in this embodiment will be described first.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the soil solution collector comprises an inner cylinder 2 for containing the soil solution, soil solution collecting ports 24 are respectively arranged at different height positions on the inner cylinder 2, and a partition plate 23 arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 2 is used for dividing the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 2 into a plurality of spaces 20 for containing the soil solution; an outer cylinder 1 is arranged on the inner cylinder 2, a liquid inlet hole 12 is arranged on the outer cylinder 1, and after the outer cylinder 1 is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder 2, a soil solution collecting port 24 and the liquid inlet hole 12 jointly form a channel for communicating the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 2 with the outside of the outer cylinder 1; an elastic sealing ring 25 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, the elastic sealing ring 25 is positioned below the soil solution collecting port 24 and is arranged close to the soil solution collecting port 24, and after the outer cylinder 1 is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder 2, the elastic sealing ring 25 is used for preventing the soil solution from leaking downwards from a gap between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1;
wherein, the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a first ring groove 28 for matching with the elastic sealing ring 25, and after the outer cylinder 1 is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder 2, the outer edge of the elastic sealing ring 25 is tightly propped in the first ring groove 28; the annular groove II 29 is arranged at different height positions of the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the corresponding soil solution collecting port 24 is arranged in the annular groove II 29; the soil solution collector also comprises a rubber sealing ring which can be matched in the second annular groove 29, when the rubber sealing ring is sleeved in the second annular groove 29, the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 2 is separated from the outside of the outer cylinder 1, and when the rubber sealing ring is removed, the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 2 is communicated with the outside of the outer cylinder 1; the soil solution collecting ports 24 are arranged according to the designed layer height, the soil solution collecting port 24 of each layer is composed of a plurality of holes arranged around the inner cylinder 2, and the holes of the same layer height are arranged at intervals;
wherein, the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are respectively provided with an inclination, and the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are both in a shape of thick upper part and thin lower part; a liquid taking pipe 26 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder 2, each space for containing soil solution is respectively connected with one liquid taking pipe 26, and the tail end of each liquid taking pipe 26 is provided with a pipe plug 27. The bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a liquid outlet 13, the top of the inner cylinder 2 and the top of the outer cylinder 1 are respectively provided with a sealing cover, the outer wall of the top of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a thread 11 for connecting the sealing cover matched with the outer cylinder, the inner wall of the top of the inner cylinder 2 is also provided with a thread for connecting the sealing cover 21 matched with the inner cylinder, and the sealing cover 21 is provided with a handle 22;
wherein, the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is hemispherical. The outer wall of the outer barrel 1 is also provided with a size mark, and the implantation depth of the outer barrel 1 can be adjusted according to the size mark.
In general, the specific size of each component of the soil solution collector and the specific size and number of the holes of each component can be determined according to experimental requirements, and should not be limited to a specific requirement.
In the process of collecting the soil solution, the elastic sealing ring 25 mainly prevents the soil solution from leaking from the gap between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, the soil solution enters the space for containing the soil solution from the liquid inlet hole 12 on the outer cylinder 1 and the collecting port 24 on the inner cylinder 2 during collection, and after collection, the soil solution can be poured out through the collecting port 24 on the inner cylinder 2, and the soil solution can also be discharged through the liquid taking pipe 26 after the pipe plug 27 is taken down.
A soil solution collection method comprises the following steps:
step 3, inserting the inner cylinder 2 of the soil solution collector into the outer cylinder 1 until the soil solution collecting port 24 is aligned with the liquid inlet hole 12 on the outer cylinder 1, covering a sealing cover of the soil solution collector, and recording the initial time point of soil solution collection;
step 4, opening the sealing cover after the collection time period is finished, and taking out the inner cylinder 2 of the soil solution collector;
and 5, pouring out or discharging the soil solution collected in the inner cylinder 2 for further analysis.
If soil solutions at the depth A and the depth B need to be collected simultaneously, the step 2 is to adjust the implantation depth of the outer barrel 1 to ensure that one layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer barrel 1 is just positioned at the depth A and the other layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer barrel 1 is just positioned at the depth B; and before the step 3 is started, sleeving a rubber sealing ring on a second annular groove except the second annular groove 29 on the inner cylinder 2 corresponding to the layer depth A and the layer depth B. Namely: except that the corresponding acquisition channels at the depth A and the depth B are kept unblocked, the other acquisition channels are blocked. Of course, the simultaneous collection of the solutions at different depths is not limited to the two depths of layer a and layer B, and may be performed at more different depths. If the soil solution is required to be collected through all the collecting ports on the soil solution collector, the second ring groove is not required to be sleeved with a rubber sealing ring.
If only the soil solution at the single layer depth needs to be collected, the rubber sealing rings are completely sleeved on the corresponding ring grooves II at the other layer depths before the step 3 is started. Namely: except that the corresponding collecting channel at the deep position of the collecting layer is kept smooth, other collecting channels are blocked.
If the soil solution in the seedling cultivation area needs to be collected in the seedling cultivation stage, the size of the outer cylinder 1 is limited to be in accordance with the distance between adjacent seedlings only on the basis of the embodiment, for example, the maximum outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 is not larger than 1/2 of the distance between adjacent seedlings. Of course, the soil solution collector meeting the conditions is also suitable for collecting the soil solution in the growth stage of crops.
Example 2
The soil solution collector used in this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the main difference from the soil solution collector in embodiment 1 is that: the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is conical, and the structure is adopted without adopting a tool which is slightly thinner than the outer cylinder 1 to pre-open the implantation hole of the outer cylinder 1.
A soil solution collection method comprises the following steps:
step 3, inserting the inner cylinder 2 of the soil solution collector into the outer cylinder 1 until the soil solution collecting port 24 is aligned with the liquid inlet hole 12 on the outer cylinder 1, covering a sealing cover of the soil solution collector, and recording the initial time point of soil solution collection;
step 4, opening the sealing cover after the collection time period is finished, and taking out the inner cylinder 2 of the soil solution collector;
and 5, pouring out or discharging the soil solution collected in the inner cylinder 2 for further analysis.
Example 3
The soil solution collector used in this embodiment is shown in fig. 4 and 5, and the main difference from the soil solution collector in embodiment 1 is that: the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 respectively adopt a segmented structure which can be spliced according to the length requirement, and the segments in the middle part are standard segments except for the first segment (the uppermost segment in fig. 4) and the tail segment (the lowermost segment in fig. 4).
The structure in this embodiment is specifically that each segment is provided with a threaded connection portion 30, and during assembly, one or more segments can be assembled as required only through the threaded connection portions 30. The soil solution collector with the structure has the advantages of adjustable length, wider application range and capability of collecting soil solutions in different depths better and more.
In this embodiment, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the splicing process using 3 standard segments.
Example 4
The soil solution collector used in this example is shown in fig. 6, and the difference from example 3 is that: the soil solution collector adopts a schematic diagram of spliced 1 standard segment.
The method for collecting the soil solution can realize fixed-point and timing sampling, can simultaneously collect the soil solutions at different depths, can be assembled into proper lengths according to requirements for collection, can not damage the soil layer structure in the collection process, and can easily realize multi-point soil solution collection for the same collection area; the method for collecting the soil solution has the advantages of simple operation process, low cost, controllable collection time period and collection depth, suitability for collecting the soil solution in medium and long time periods and suitability for multi-point collection in large-area areas; the method can collect the soil solution aiming at most of the soil, is particularly suitable for collecting the crop seedling raising soil and the solution in the crop growth soil, does not damage the crop seedlings when the soil solution is collected in the crop seedling raising stage, and does not damage the crops when the soil solution is collected in the crop growth stage.
Claims (9)
1. A soil solution collecting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, implanting an outer cylinder (1) of a soil solution collector into a soil solution collecting area;
step 2, adjusting the implantation depth of the outer cylinder (1) to ensure that a liquid inlet hole (12) on the outer cylinder (1) is just positioned at a collection point;
step 3, inserting the inner cylinder (2) of the soil solution collector into the outer cylinder (1) until the soil solution collecting port (24) is aligned with the liquid inlet hole (12) on the outer cylinder (1), covering a sealing cover of the soil solution collector, and recording the initial time point of soil solution collection;
step 4, opening the sealing cover after the collection time period is finished, and taking out the inner cylinder (2) of the soil solution collector;
step 5, pouring out or discharging the soil solution collected in the inner cylinder (2) for further analysis;
the soil solution collector comprises an inner barrel (2) used for containing soil solution, soil solution collecting ports (24) are respectively arranged at different height positions on the inner barrel (2), a partition plate (23) arranged in the inner barrel (2) is used for dividing the inner barrel (2) into a plurality of spaces for containing the soil solution, an outer barrel (1) is arranged on the inner barrel (2), a liquid inlet hole (12) is formed in the outer barrel (1), a channel for communicating the inner barrel (2) inner cavity with the outer barrel (1) is formed by the soil solution collecting ports (24) and the liquid inlet hole (12) together after the outer barrel (1) is tightly sleeved on the inner barrel (2), an elastic sealing ring (25) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner barrel (2), the elastic sealing ring (25) is positioned below the soil solution collecting ports (24) and is arranged close to the soil solution collecting ports (24), and after the outer barrel (1) is tightly sleeved on the inner barrel (2), the elastic sealing ring (25) is used for preventing soil solution from leaking downwards from a gap between the inner cylinder (2) and the outer cylinder (1);
the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a first annular groove (28) used for being matched with the elastic sealing ring (25), and after the outer cylinder (1) is tightly sleeved on the inner cylinder (2), the outer edge of the elastic sealing ring (25) is tightly abutted in the first annular groove (28); annular grooves II (29) are arranged at different height positions of the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2), and corresponding soil solution collecting ports (24) are arranged in the annular grooves II (29); the soil solution collector also comprises a rubber sealing ring which can be matched in the second annular groove (29), when the rubber sealing ring is sleeved in the second annular groove (29), the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (2) is separated from the outside of the outer cylinder (1), and when the rubber sealing ring is removed, the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (2) is communicated with the outside of the outer cylinder (1); the soil solution collecting ports (24) are arranged according to the designed layer height, the soil solution collecting port (24) of each layer is composed of a plurality of holes arranged around the inner cylinder (2), and the holes with the same layer height are arranged at intervals;
wherein, the bottom of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a liquid outlet (13), and the top of the inner cylinder (2) and the top of the outer cylinder (1) are respectively provided with a sealing cover.
2. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner cylinder (2) and the outer cylinder (1) respectively adopt a segmented structure which can be spliced according to the length requirement, and the segments in the middle part are standard segments except the first segment and the tail segment.
3. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner cylinder (2) and the outer cylinder (1) are respectively provided with an inclination, the inner cylinder (2) and the outer cylinder (1) are both in a shape of thick upper part and thin lower part, and the bottom of the outer cylinder (1) is in a conical shape or a hemispherical shape; a liquid taking pipe (26) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2), the liquid taking pipe (26) is respectively communicated with corresponding spaces for containing soil solution, and a pipe plug (27) is arranged on the liquid taking pipe (26) in a matching way.
4. A soil solution collecting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the outer wall of the outer barrel (1) is also provided with a size mark, and the implantation depth of the outer barrel (1) is adjusted according to the size mark.
5. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step 1, a tool slightly thinner than the outer cylinder (1) is adopted to pre-open an implantation hole of the outer cylinder (1), and then the outer cylinder (1) is inserted into the implantation hole.
6. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, a rod slightly smaller than the aperture of the liquid discharge port (13) is inserted into the liquid discharge port (13), the bottom of the rod extends downwards out of the liquid discharge port (13), then the outer cylinder (1) is inserted into a soil solution collection area, the implantation depth of the outer cylinder (1) is adjusted, and the step 3 is implemented after the thin rod is taken out.
7. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: if soil solutions at the depth A and the depth B need to be collected simultaneously, the step 2 is to adjust the implantation depth of the outer barrel (1) to ensure that one layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer barrel (1) is just positioned at the depth A and the other layer of liquid inlet hole on the outer barrel (1) is just positioned at the depth B; and before the step 3 is started, sleeving a rubber sealing ring on a second ring groove except the second ring groove (29) on the inner cylinder (2) corresponding to the layer depth A and the layer depth B.
8. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 7, wherein: if only the soil solution at the single layer depth needs to be collected, the rubber sealing rings are completely sleeved on the corresponding ring grooves II at the other layer depths before the step 3 is started.
9. The soil solution collection method as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the maximum outer diameter of the outer cylinder (1) is not more than 1/2 of the space between adjacent seedlings.
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| CN202010261339.2A CN111289301A (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Soil solution collecting method |
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| CN202010261339.2A CN111289301A (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Soil solution collecting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112146937A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-29 | 沈阳农业大学 | A device that is used for paddy field soil profile multilayer solution automatic acquisition |
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Application publication date: 20200616 |