CN111287941B - Crankshaft and compressor - Google Patents
Crankshaft and compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111287941B CN111287941B CN201811505563.0A CN201811505563A CN111287941B CN 111287941 B CN111287941 B CN 111287941B CN 201811505563 A CN201811505563 A CN 201811505563A CN 111287941 B CN111287941 B CN 111287941B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a crankshaft and a compressor, wherein the crankshaft comprises: the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in a split manner, and the second shaft is eccentrically arranged on the end surface of the first shaft; the first shaft and/or the second shaft are/is formed by forging and pressing, and/or the second shaft is/are eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft in an electric resistance welding mode. This scheme sets the bent axle into the axle of two components of a whole that can function independently, and the relative position of placing when accessible change primary shaft and secondary shaft installation adjusts its eccentric distance like this, can make the commonality of bent axle better like this, and the standardization level is higher, can save the working costs of bent axle simultaneously, promotes the product development progress. Meanwhile, the first shaft and/or the second shaft are formed by forging and pressing, so that the crankshaft is simple to form and easy to machine, and the crankshaft can be machined more in an energy-saving and environment-friendly manner. And the first shaft and the second shaft are installed together in a resistance welding mode, so that the connection quality between the first shaft and the second shaft is better, the connection process is more convenient, and the efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crankshafts, in particular to a crankshaft and a compressor.
Background
At present, in the related art, a crankshaft of the reciprocating compressor is generally cast and integrally formed in view of wear resistance, and a cast crankshaft of the reciprocating compressor has an eccentric structure, so that the requirement on crankshaft processing equipment is high and the manufacturability is poor in order to ensure the parallelism of a main shaft and an eccentric shaft. Meanwhile, when the displacement of the reciprocating compressor is planned again, parameters such as the shaft diameter of the crankshaft, the eccentricity and the like are changed, according to the traditional scheme, a crankshaft casting mold must be redesigned, the mold is poor in universality and low in standardization degree, and in addition, due to the consideration of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection, the environment pollution caused by a metal casting hot forming process is serious, and the energy consumption is large.
Therefore, how to design a non-integrally cast crankshaft is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.
The present invention is based on the above problems and provides a crankshaft.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a compressor including the above crankshaft.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a crankshaft, including: the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in a split manner, and the second shaft is eccentrically arranged on the end surface of the first shaft; the first shaft and/or the second shaft are/is formed by forging and pressing, and/or the second shaft is/are eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft in an electric resistance welding mode.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the crankshaft comprises the first shaft and the second shaft which are separately arranged and eccentrically installed, when the crankshaft is used for the compressor, one of the first shaft and the second shaft can be connected with the connecting rod of the compressor, and the other of the first shaft and the second shaft can be connected with the motor of the compressor, so that the crankshaft can drive the piston to move in the cylinder under the action of the motor. The crankshaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged separately, namely the crankshaft is formed by combining two separate shafts and is not integrally formed by casting as in the prior art. And set the bent axle into the axle of two components of a whole that can function independently when the eccentric distance of bent axle needs to be changed, only need change the relative position of placing when primary shaft and secondary shaft installation can, and need not reset the casting mould to integrative casting shaping like this, just so make the eccentric distance of bent axle change easier, thereby make the commonality of bent axle better, the standardization level is higher, just so make the bent axle can satisfy the technological requirement of different products to the bent axle, thereby can save the working costs of bent axle, promote the product development progress. And the split first shaft and/or the split second shaft are formed by forging and pressing, so that the crankshaft is simple to form and easy to process, compared with the traditional crankshaft formed by casting, the crankshaft has the advantages that the environment is basically not polluted in the manufacturing process, the energy consumption is lower, and the crankshaft can be processed more in an energy-saving and environment-friendly manner. Meanwhile, for forging processing, only parameters need to be changed properly, the first shaft and the second shaft with different sizes can be processed, so that crankshafts with different shaft diameters can be produced more easily, diversification of products is realized, and therefore when the products need to be updated, difficulty in updating of the products can be reduced, and product development progress is improved. The first shaft and the second shaft are installed together in a resistance welding mode, the first shaft and the second shaft which are arranged in a split mode can be welded and installed more firmly, meanwhile, compared with welding modes such as laser welding or gas welding, resistance welding is better in surface quality of a welding part and higher in connection strength, metal does not need to be filled when resistance welding is conducted, the production efficiency is high, welding parts are small in deformation, automation is easy to achieve, two parts can be effectively combined together after welding, the installation quality of the first shaft and the second shaft can be integrally improved, the installation cost is reduced, and the installation efficiency is improved.
Here, the electric resistance welding is a method of welding by locally heating a workpiece by using electric resistance heat generated by passing a current through the workpiece and a contact portion as a heat source and applying pressure.
In addition, the crankshaft provided according to the above embodiment of the present invention has the following additional technical features:
in the above technical solution, preferably, the first shaft includes a first shaft rod and a first mounting plate, and the first mounting plate is mounted on an end surface of the first shaft rod; the second shaft comprises a second shaft rod and a second mounting plate, and the second mounting plate is mounted on the end face of the second shaft rod; the surface of the first mounting plate, which is far away from the first shaft rod, and the surface of the second mounting plate, which is far away from the second shaft rod, are mounted together, and the first shaft rod is eccentrically arranged relative to the second shaft rod.
In this technical scheme, the primary shaft includes first axostylus axostyle and first mounting panel, and the secondary shaft includes second axostylus axostyle and second mounting panel, and wherein, first axostylus axostyle and second axostylus axostyle are used for being connected with motor shaft, connecting rod etc. of motor, and first mounting panel is used for installing with the second mounting panel to realize the installation between primary shaft and the secondary shaft. When the crankshaft is installed, the first shaft lever and the second shaft lever are arranged eccentrically, so that the crankshaft can convert the rotary motion of a motor and the like into the reciprocating linear motion of the connecting rod, and the crankshaft can be applied to products such as a reciprocating compressor and the like.
In any one of the above technical solutions, preferably, a first inner hole penetrating through the first shaft rod and the first mounting plate is provided on the first shaft along an axial direction of the first shaft, and a second inner hole penetrating through the second shaft rod and the second mounting plate is provided on the second shaft along an axial direction of the second shaft.
In these technical solutions, a first inner hole penetrating through the first shaft in the axial direction may be provided on the first shaft, for example, the first shaft may be directly provided as a hollow shaft, which not only reduces the material usage and manufacturing cost of the first shaft, but also reduces the weight of the first shaft, and realizes a light-weight design of the first shaft, so that when the crankshaft is used in a compressor, etc., the power of the compressor during operation can be reduced at least to some extent, and the reliability of the compressor is improved. On the other hand, the oil can be conducted through the first inner hole of the first shaft, so that the oil can flow to other places along the first shaft. Similarly, a second inner hole penetrating through the second shaft along the axial direction can be arranged on the second shaft, for example, the second shaft can be directly arranged as a hollow shaft, so that the material consumption and the manufacturing cost of the second shaft can be reduced, the weight of the second shaft can be reduced, the lightweight design of the second shaft is realized, the power of the compressor during operation can be reduced to a certain extent at least when the crankshaft is used for the compressor and the like, and the reliability of the compressor is improved. On the other hand, the second inner hole of the second shaft can be used for conducting the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil can flow to other places along the second shaft. When the crankshaft is used for products such as a compressor and the like, lubricating oil can be conducted to other positions inside the product through the crankshaft, and the lubrication of other parts inside the product is realized.
In any one of the above technical solutions, preferably, the first shaft rod is provided with a first oil hole communicated with the first inner hole; and/or a second oil hole communicated with the second inner hole is formed in the second shaft rod.
In these technical scheme, through set up first oilhole on first axostylus axostyle for oil in the first inner bore can flow out to the outer wall of primary shaft through first oilhole on, alright lubricate the bearing etc. of installation primary shaft through the oil that flows out from first oilhole like this. In a similar way, the second oil hole is formed in the second shaft rod, so that oil in the second inner hole can flow out of the outer wall of the second shaft through the second oil hole, and the bearing and the like of the second shaft can be lubricated by the oil flowing out of the second oil hole.
Of course, other structures mounted around the first and second shafts may be lubricated by the oil flowing from the first oil holes or the oil flowing from the second oil holes.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, a first groove is provided on an inner wall of one side of the first shaft close to the axis of the second shaft, and the first groove is located at a connection position of the first shaft rod and the first mounting plate; and/or a second groove is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the second shaft close to the axis of the first shaft, and the second groove is positioned at the joint of the second shaft rod and the second mounting plate.
In these technical scheme, can set up the recess on the internal face of the one side that first axle and second axle are close to each other, the junction of first axostylus axostyle and first mounting panel, can increase the area of leading to between first axle and the second axle through setting up the first recess on the first axle and setting up the second recess on the second axle on the one hand like this to make the more smooth and easy of lubricating oil circulation. On the other hand, when the eccentric distance between the first shaft and the second shaft is larger, the first groove and the second groove are used for realizing communication between the first shaft and the second shaft, so that the eccentric adjusting range of the first shaft and the second shaft during installation can be enlarged, a crankshaft made of the first shaft and the second shaft can be more universal and standardized, and of course, the first shaft and the second shaft can be assembled into products with more eccentric distances, and the using range of the crankshaft can be enlarged.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the first shaft and the first mounting plate are integrally formed by a forging process; and/or the second shaft and the second mounting plate are integrally formed by a forging process.
In these technical scheme, can be with first axostylus axostyle and first mounting panel integrated forging shaping, when being provided with first hole on the primary shaft, also can directly forge the primary shaft into a hollow structure, alright realize the simultaneous processing of first axostylus axostyle, first mounting panel and first hole like this, therefore can simplify the manufacturing procedure of primary shaft, improve process velocity, reduce the processing cost, simultaneously, the foundry goods bent axle can also be reduced to this kind of setting and process the process of oil supply channel. In a similar way, the second shaft rod and the second mounting plate can be integrally forged to form, when the second inner hole is formed in the second shaft, the second shaft can be directly forged into a hollow structure, and therefore the second shaft rod, the second mounting plate and the second inner hole can be machined simultaneously, machining procedures of the second shaft can be simplified, machining speed is increased, and machining cost is reduced.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, a surface of the first mounting plate away from the first shaft and a surface of the second mounting plate away from the second shaft are welded together by resistance welding.
In these technical schemes, when installing first axle and second axle, can specifically be in the same place first mounting panel and second mounting panel installation, and preferably, can be in the same place first mounting panel and second mounting panel through resistance welding's mode welded fastening, because resistance welding is when welding, need not fill metal, and productivity ratio is high, and weldment deformation is little, realizes the automation easily, and can make two parts effectively combine together after welding, and this just makes first axle and second axle need not fill metal when welding, and productivity ratio is high, and weldment deformation is little, realizes the automation easily.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, when the second shaft is eccentrically welded to the end surface of the first shaft by resistance welding, a first welding strip is disposed on the end surface of the first shaft, which is matched with the second shaft, and/or a second welding strip is disposed on the end surface of the second shaft, which is matched with the first shaft.
In the technical schemes, the first welding belt can be arranged on the first shaft, so that the first welding belt can be directly fused into the second shaft during installation, and the installation reliability between the first shaft and the second shaft can be improved. Similarly, the second welding belt can be arranged on the second shaft, so that the second welding belt can be directly blended into the first shaft during installation, and the installation reliability between the first shaft and the second shaft can be improved.
Specifically, when the surface of the first mounting plate, which is far away from the first shaft rod, and the surface of the second mounting plate, which is far away from the second shaft rod, are welded and mounted together in an electric resistance welding manner, a first welding strip is arranged on the surface of the first mounting plate, which is in contact with the second mounting plate, and/or a second welding strip is arranged on the surface of the second mounting plate, which is in contact with the first mounting plate.
In these technical scheme, can be provided with first welding area on first mounting panel, can directly fuse into the second mounting panel with first welding area like this when the installation, alright improve the installation reliability between primary shaft and the second shaft like this. In a similar way, the second welding strip can be arranged on the second mounting plate, so that the second welding strip can be directly blended into the first mounting plate during installation, and the installation reliability between the first shaft and the second shaft can be improved.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the first shaft rod is eccentrically installed on one end of the first mounting plate, the second shaft rod is eccentrically installed on the second mounting plate, and the second shaft rod is located on the other end of the first mounting plate.
In these technical schemes, the first shaft lever is eccentrically arranged on the first mounting plate, and preferably, the second shaft lever is also eccentrically arranged on the second mounting plate, and when the mounting device is mounted, the first shaft lever can be mounted on the first end of the first mounting plate, and the second shaft corresponding to the second end of the first mounting plate is mounted on the second mounting plate, so that the first shaft lever and the second shaft lever can be eccentrically arranged in a staggered manner relative to the first mounting plate, and meanwhile, the first shaft lever and the second shaft lever can also be eccentrically arranged in a staggered manner relative to the second mounting plate. Therefore, the first shaft rod and the second shaft rod can be prevented from deflecting towards the same direction, and the structure of the crankshaft can be more reasonable.
The second welding strip is preferably arranged on the edge of the end of the second mounting plate remote from the second shaft, but may also be arranged annularly on the edge of the second mounting plate.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, at least one mounting hole is provided on the first shaft and/or the second shaft; the crankshaft further includes a counterbalance mounted on the first shaft or the second shaft through the mounting hole.
In these technical scheme, through setting up the mounting hole, can be with balancing piece direct mount in mounting hole department, alright like this guarantee the dynamic balance of bent axle and compressor etc. in the operation through the balancing piece of mounting hole department installation to can reduce the vibration of bent axle and compressor etc.. The balance weight can be arranged on the first shaft or the second shaft, and can be detachably arranged on the first shaft or the second shaft in a riveting mode, and can also be arranged into an integrated structure with the first shaft or the second shaft, such as a welded integrated structure.
Wherein preferably the mounting hole or counterweight is mounted on the first shaft, further preferably the mounting hole and counterweight are mounted on a first mounting plate of the first shaft.
In any one of the above technical solutions, preferably, the number of the mounting holes is two, and the two mounting holes are both disposed on the first shaft and are symmetrically disposed about an axis of the first shaft.
In these technical schemes, the preferred quantity of mounting hole is two that the symmetry set up, makes the balancing piece can the symmetry set up on the bent axle like this to can change and ensure the balance of bent axle.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the first shaft and the second shaft are made of low carbon steel or alloy steel or low carbon alloy steel.
In these technical solutions, the first shaft and the second shaft are preferably made of low carbon steel or alloy steel or low carbon alloy steel, so that the strength of the first shaft and the second shaft can be ensured, and the service life of the first shaft and the second shaft can be prolonged.
The first shaft and the second shaft can be obtained by forging and pressing cold heading carbon steel materials, and low-carbon alloy steel materials with better precision and surface roughness are preferably used. The low-carbon alloy steel has excellent welding performance and better tensile property, so that the condition that the strength and the weld quality of the crankshaft are influenced by cracking of the crankshaft in the forging and pressing process and cracks and air holes in the welding process can be prevented. Meanwhile, the forged and pressed low-carbon alloy steel material is high in size and shape and position precision, and compared with a cast crankshaft, a part of rough machining procedures can be reduced.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the first shaft and/or the second shaft are formed by forging and pressing, the first shaft is connected with the second shaft by a screw, or the first shaft is connected with the second shaft by a snap, or the first shaft and the second shaft are mounted together by welding, or the first shaft and/or the second shaft are formed by forging and pressing, and the second shaft is eccentrically welded on an end face of the first shaft by resistance welding.
In these technical solutions, the first shaft and the second shaft that are separately provided are preferably formed by forging and pressing, and are preferably welded together by a welding method of resistance welding. However, in the present application, the first shaft and the second shaft which are separately arranged may also be formed by forging and pressing, and then connected by other connection methods, such as screw connection, gas welding connection, laser welding connection, or glue connection. In another aspect, the first shaft and the second shaft separately disposed in the present application may not be formed by forging, but may be welded together by resistance welding, and in this case, the first shaft and the second shaft may be machined or otherwise processed. Namely, the three solutions are included in the present application, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiments of the second aspect of the invention provide a compressor comprising a crankshaft as provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the compressor provided with the crankshaft provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect is provided, and therefore, the compressor provided in the embodiment of the present invention has all the advantages of the crankshaft provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, which are not listed here.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the compressor includes a cylinder, and a piston is disposed in the cylinder; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a second shaft of the crankshaft; and the motor is connected with the first shaft of the crankshaft.
In these solutions, the first shaft is a main shaft of the crankshaft, which can be connected to a motor shaft of the motor to rotate under the action of the motor, and the second shaft is a secondary shaft of the crankshaft, which is used to connect to a connecting rod to drive the piston to move in the cylinder. When the motor rotates, the connecting rod can be driven to move through the crankshaft, so that the piston can be driven to move in the cylinder body, the volume of the cylinder body can be changed through the movement of the piston, and the compression of gas can be realized.
The first shaft of the crankshaft and the motor shaft of the motor are of an integrated structure, or the first shaft of the crankshaft and the motor shaft of the motor are of a split structure.
In the technical schemes, the first shaft and the motor shaft can be used as one shaft, so that the use of one shaft can be reduced, and in addition, the first shaft and the motor shaft can also be used as two shafts, so that the motor and the crankshaft can be separately used.
Further preferably, the compressor further comprises a housing, the housing comprises an upper cover and a lower cover which are covered together, and the motor, the crankshaft and the connecting rod are all arranged in the housing.
Wherein the compressor is preferably a reciprocating compressor, although the compressor may be other types of compressors.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crankshaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a crankshaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first shaft of a crankshaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second shaft of a crankshaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is another schematic structural view of a second shaft of a crankshaft provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 5 is:
1 first shaft, 12 first shaft, 122 first oil hole, 14 first mounting plate, 142 mounting hole, 16 first inner hole, 18 first groove, 2 second shaft, 22 second shaft, 222 second oil hole, 24 second mounting plate, 242 second weld band, 26 second inner hole, 28 second groove.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
A crankshaft provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a crankshaft, including: the device comprises a first shaft 1 and a second shaft 2 which are arranged in a split manner, wherein the second shaft 2 is eccentrically arranged on the end surface of the first shaft 1; wherein the first shaft 1 and/or the second shaft 2 are formed by forging and pressing, and/or the second shaft 2 is eccentrically welded on the end surface of the first shaft 1 by resistance welding.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the crankshaft comprises the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 which are separately arranged and eccentrically installed, when the crankshaft is used for a compressor, one of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be connected with a connecting rod of the compressor, and the other of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be connected with a motor of the compressor, so that the crankshaft can drive a piston to move in a cylinder under the action of the motor. The crankshaft here comprises a first shaft 1 and a second shaft 2 which are arranged separately, i.e. the crankshaft is assembled from two separate shafts, rather than being integrally formed by casting as in the prior art. And set the bent axle into the axle of two components of a whole that can function independently when the eccentric distance of bent axle needs to be changed, only need change the relative position of placing when primary shaft 1 and secondary shaft 2 installation can, and need not reset the casting mould to integrative casting shaping, it is easier that just so make the eccentric distance of bent axle change, thereby make the commonality of bent axle better, the standardization level is higher, just so make the bent axle can satisfy the technological requirement of different products to the bent axle, thereby can save the working costs of bent axle, promote the product development progress. And the split first shaft 1 and/or the split second shaft 2 are formed by forging and pressing, so that the crankshaft is simple to form and easy to process, compared with the traditional crankshaft formed by casting, the crankshaft is basically free of environmental pollution in the manufacturing process, the energy consumption is lower, and the crankshaft can be processed more in an energy-saving and environment-friendly manner. Meanwhile, for forging processing, only parameters need to be changed properly, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 with different sizes can be processed, so that crankshafts with different shaft diameters can be produced more easily, diversification of products is realized, and therefore when the products need to be updated, difficulty in updating of the products can be reduced, and product development progress is improved. The first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are installed together in a resistance welding mode, so that the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 which are arranged in a split mode can be welded and installed more firmly, meanwhile, compared with welding modes such as laser welding or gas welding, resistance welding has the advantages that the surface quality of a welding part is better, the connection strength is higher, metal does not need to be filled when resistance welding is conducted, the production efficiency is high, the deformation of a welding piece is small, automation is easy to achieve, and two parts can be effectively combined together after welding, so that the installation quality of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be integrally improved, the installation cost is reduced, and the installation efficiency is improved.
Here, the electric resistance welding is a method of welding by locally heating a workpiece by using electric resistance heat generated by passing a current through the workpiece and a contact portion as a heat source and applying pressure.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first shaft 1 includes the first shaft rod 12 and the first mounting plate 14, the first mounting plate 14 being mounted on the end surface of the first shaft rod 12; the second shaft 2 includes a second shaft 22 and a second mounting plate 24, the second mounting plate 24 being mounted on an end face of the second shaft 22; wherein the face of the first mounting plate 14 away from the first shaft 12 and the face of the second mounting plate 24 away from the second shaft 22 are mounted together, and the first shaft 12 is eccentrically disposed relative to the second shaft 22.
In this embodiment, the first shaft 1 comprises a first shaft 12 and a first mounting plate 14, and the second shaft 2 comprises a second shaft 22 and a second mounting plate 24, wherein the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 22 are used for connecting with a motor shaft, a connecting rod or the like of a motor, and the first mounting plate 14 is used for mounting with the second mounting plate 24 to achieve the mounting between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2. And the first shaft rod 12 and the second shaft rod 22 are eccentrically arranged during installation, so that the crankshaft can convert the rotary motion of a motor and the like into the reciprocating linear motion of a connecting rod, and the crankshaft can be applied to products such as a reciprocating compressor and the like.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first shaft 1 is provided with a first inner hole 16 penetrating the first shaft 12 and the first mounting plate 14 in the axial direction of the first shaft 1, and as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the second shaft 2 is provided with a second inner hole 26 penetrating the second shaft 22 and the second mounting plate 24 in the axial direction of the second shaft 2.
In these embodiments, a first inner hole 16 penetrating the first shaft 1 in the axial direction may be provided on the first shaft 1, for example, the first shaft 1 may be directly provided as a hollow shaft, which not only can reduce the material usage and manufacturing cost of the first shaft 1, but also can reduce the weight of the first shaft 1, thereby realizing a light weight design of the first shaft 1, so that when a crankshaft is used in a compressor, etc., the power of the compressor during operation can be reduced at least to some extent, and the reliability of the compressor can be improved. On the other hand, the oil can be conducted through the first bore 16 of the first shaft 1, so that the oil can flow along the first shaft 1 to other places. Similarly, a second inner hole 26 penetrating the second shaft 2 in the axial direction may be formed in the second shaft 2, for example, the second shaft 2 may be directly formed as a hollow shaft, which may reduce the material usage and manufacturing cost of the second shaft 2, reduce the weight of the second shaft 2, and achieve a light-weight design of the second shaft 2, thereby reducing the power of the compressor during operation at least to a certain extent when the crankshaft is used in the compressor, and improving the reliability of the compressor. On the other hand, the second bore 26 of the second shaft 2 can be used to conduct the lubricant, so that the lubricant can flow along the second shaft 2 to other places. When the crankshaft is used for products such as a compressor and the like, lubricating oil can be conducted to other positions inside the product through the crankshaft so as to lubricate other parts inside the product.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first shaft 12 is provided with a first oil hole 122 communicating with the first inner hole 16; and/or as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second shaft rod 22 is provided with a second oil hole 222 communicated with the second inner hole 26.
In these embodiments, by providing the first oil hole 122 in the first shaft rod 12, the oil in the first inner hole 16 can flow out to the outer wall of the first shaft 1 through the first oil hole 122, so that the bearing and the like to which the first shaft 1 is mounted can be lubricated by the oil flowing out from the first oil hole 122. Similarly, by providing the second oil hole 222 in the second shaft rod 22, the oil in the second bore 26 can flow out to the outer wall of the second shaft 2 through the second oil hole 222, so that the bearing and the like where the second shaft 2 is mounted can be lubricated by the oil flowing out from the second oil hole 222.
Of course, other structures installed around the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 may be lubricated by the oil flowing out of the first oil hole 122 or the oil flowing out of the second oil hole 222.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a first groove 18 is provided on an inner wall of the first shaft 1 on a side close to the axis of the second shaft 2, and the first groove 18 is located at a connection point of the first shaft rod 12 and the first mounting plate 14; and/or as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, a second groove 28 is provided on the inner wall of the second shaft 2 on the side close to the axis of the first shaft 1, and the second groove 28 is located at the connection point of the second shaft 22 and the second mounting plate 24.
In these embodiments, a groove may be provided on the inner wall surface of the side where the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 approach each other and at the joint of the first shaft rod 12 and the first mounting plate 14, so that on one hand, the conduction area between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be increased by the first groove 18 provided on the first shaft 1 and the second groove 28 provided on the second shaft 2, so as to make the flow of the lubricating oil smoother. On the other hand, when the eccentric distance between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 is large, the first groove 18 and the second groove 28 can be used for realizing the communication between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2, so that the eccentric adjusting range of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 during installation can be enlarged, a crankshaft made of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be more universal and standardized, and of course, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be assembled into products with more eccentric distances, and the using range of the crankshaft can be enlarged.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the first shaft 12 and the first mounting plate 14 are integrally formed by a forging process; and/or the second shaft 22 and the second mounting plate 24 are integrally formed by a forging process.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 12 and the first mounting plate 14 may be integrally forged, and when the first inner hole 16 is formed in the first shaft 1, the first shaft 1 may also be directly forged into a hollow structure, so as to simultaneously machine the first shaft 12, the first mounting plate 14 and the first inner hole 16, thereby simplifying the machining process of the first shaft 1, increasing the machining speed, and reducing the machining cost, and at the same time, compared with a cast crankshaft, the arrangement may reduce the process of machining the oil supply passage. Similarly, the second shaft 22 and the second mounting plate 24 can be integrally forged, and when the second inner hole 26 is formed in the second shaft 2, the second shaft 2 can be directly forged into a hollow structure, so that the second shaft 22, the second mounting plate 24 and the second inner hole 26 can be simultaneously machined, the machining process of the second shaft 2 can be simplified, the machining speed can be increased, and the machining cost can be reduced.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the face of the first mounting plate 14 remote from the first shaft 12 and the face of the second mounting plate 24 remote from the second shaft 22 are welded together by resistance welding.
In these embodiments, when the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are installed, the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 24 may be specifically installed together, and preferably, the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 24 may be welded and installed together by means of resistance welding, because resistance welding does not require metal filling at the time of welding, productivity is high, weldment deformation is small, automation is easily achieved, and two parts can be effectively combined together after welding, which makes the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 do not require metal filling at the time of welding, productivity is high, weldment deformation is small, and automation is easily achieved.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, when the surface of the first mounting plate 14 away from the first shaft 12 and the surface of the second mounting plate 24 away from the second shaft 22 are welded together by resistance welding, a first welding strip (not shown) is disposed on the surface of the first mounting plate 14 contacting the second mounting plate 24, and/or a second welding strip 242 is disposed on the surface of the second mounting plate 24 contacting the first mounting plate 14, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
In these embodiments, the first mounting plate 14 may be provided with a first welding band, so that the first welding band may be directly integrated into the second mounting plate 24 during mounting, thereby improving the mounting reliability between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2. Similarly, the second welding strip 242 may be disposed on the second mounting plate 24, so that the second welding strip 242 may be directly integrated into the first mounting plate 14 during installation, which may also improve the installation reliability between the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 1-5, the first shaft 12 is eccentrically mounted on one end of the first mounting plate 14, the second shaft 22 is eccentrically mounted on the second mounting plate 24, and the second shaft 22 is located on the other end of the first mounting plate 14.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 12 is eccentrically disposed on the first mounting plate 14, and preferably the second shaft 22 is also eccentrically disposed on the second mounting plate 24, and when installed, the first shaft 12 can be mounted on a first end of the first mounting plate 14 and the second shaft 2 can be mounted on the second mounting plate 24 corresponding to a second end of the first mounting plate 14, such that the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 22 can be eccentrically offset relative to the first mounting plate 14, and the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 22 can also be eccentrically offset relative to the second mounting plate 24. This prevents the first shaft lever 12 and the second shaft lever 22 from being deflected in the same direction, and thus the structure of the crankshaft can be made more reasonable.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second welding strip 242 is preferably disposed on the edge of the end of the second mounting plate 24 away from the second shaft 22, but the second welding strip 242 may be disposed annularly on the edge of the second mounting plate 24.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first shaft 1 is provided with at least one mounting hole 142, and of course, in another embodiment, the second shaft 2 may also be provided with at least one mounting hole; the crankshaft further comprises a counterweight (not shown) mounted on the first shaft 1 or on the second shaft 2 through mounting holes.
In these embodiments, by providing the mounting hole 142, the balance weight can be directly mounted at the mounting hole 142, so that the dynamic balance of the crankshaft, the compressor, and the like during operation can be ensured by the balance weight mounted at the mounting hole 142, so as to reduce the vibration of the crankshaft, the compressor, and the like. The balance weight can be arranged on the first shaft 1 or the second shaft 2, and can be detachably mounted on the first shaft 1 or the second shaft 2 in a riveting mode, or can be mounted with the first shaft 1 or the second shaft 2 into an integrated structure, such as a welded integrated structure, or can be integrally formed with the first shaft 1 or the second shaft 2.
Wherein preferably the mounting hole 142 and the counterweight are mounted on the first shaft 1, further preferably the mounting hole 142 and the counterweight are mounted on the first mounting plate 14 of the first shaft 1.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the mounting holes 142 is two, and the two mounting holes 142 are both provided on the first shaft 1 and are symmetrically provided about the axis of the first shaft 1.
In these embodiments, the number of the mounting holes 142 is preferably two symmetrically arranged, so that the balance weights can be symmetrically arranged on the crankshaft, and the balance of the crankshaft can be more easily ensured.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably the first and second shafts 1, 2 are made of low carbon steel or alloy steel or low carbon alloy steel.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are preferably made of low carbon steel or alloy steel or low carbon alloy steel, so that the strength of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be ensured, and the service life of the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be prolonged.
The first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 can be obtained by forging and pressing cold heading carbon steel materials, and low-carbon alloy steel materials with better precision and surface roughness are preferably used. The low-carbon alloy steel has excellent welding performance and better tensile property, so that the condition that the strength and the weld quality of the crankshaft are influenced by cracking of the crankshaft in the forging and pressing process and cracks and air holes in the welding process can be prevented. Meanwhile, the forged and pressed low-carbon alloy steel material is high in size and shape and position precision, and compared with a cast crankshaft, a part of rough machining procedures can be reduced.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the first shaft 1 and/or the second shaft 2 are formed by forging and pressing, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are connected by a screw, or the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are connected by a snap, or the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 are installed together by welding, or the first shaft 1 and/or the second shaft 2 are formed by forging and pressing, and the second shaft 2 is eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft 1 by resistance welding.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2, which are separately provided, are preferably formed by forging and are preferably welded together by resistance welding. However, in the present application, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 which are separately arranged may also be formed by forging only and then connected by other connection methods, such as screw connection, gas welding connection, laser welding connection, or glue connection. In another aspect, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 separately provided in the present application may be welded together by resistance welding instead of forging, and in this case, the first shaft 1 and the second shaft 2 may be machined or otherwise processed. Namely, the three solutions are included in the present application, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present application.
An embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides a compressor (not shown in the drawings) comprising a crankshaft as provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the compressor provided with the crankshaft provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect is provided, and therefore, the compressor provided in the embodiment of the present invention has all the advantages of the crankshaft provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, which are not listed here.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the compressor includes a cylinder, a piston being disposed in the cylinder; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a second shaft 2 of the crankshaft; the motor is connected with the first shaft 1 of the crankshaft.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 1 is a main shaft of a crankshaft, which can be connected on the one hand to the motor shaft of the motor to be rotated by the motor, and the second shaft 2 is a secondary shaft of a crankshaft, which is intended to be connected to a connecting rod to move the piston inside the cylinder. When the motor rotates, the connecting rod can be driven to move through the crankshaft, so that the piston can be driven to move in the cylinder body, the volume of the cylinder body can be changed through the movement of the piston, and the compression of gas can be realized.
The first shaft 1 of the crankshaft and the motor shaft of the motor are of an integrated structure, or the first shaft 1 of the crankshaft and the motor shaft of the motor are of a split structure.
In these embodiments, the first shaft 1 can be a single shaft with the motor shaft, which can reduce the use of one shaft, and the first shaft 1 can be two shafts with the motor shaft, which can separate the motor and the crankshaft.
Further preferably, the compressor further comprises a housing, the housing comprises an upper cover and a lower cover which are covered together, and the motor, the crankshaft and the connecting rod are all arranged in the housing.
Wherein the compressor is preferably a reciprocating compressor, although the compressor may be other types of compressors.
In the description of the present specification, the description of the term "one embodiment" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A crankshaft, comprising:
the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in a split manner, and the second shaft is eccentrically arranged on the end surface of the first shaft;
the first shaft and/or the second shaft are/is formed by forging and pressing, and/or the second shaft is/are eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft in an electric resistance welding mode;
the first shaft comprises a first shaft rod and a first mounting plate, and the first mounting plate is mounted on the end face of the first shaft rod;
the second shaft comprises a second shaft rod and a second mounting plate, and the second mounting plate is mounted on the end face of the second shaft rod;
the surface of the first mounting plate, which is far away from the first shaft rod, and the surface of the second mounting plate, which is far away from the second shaft rod, are mounted together, and the first shaft rod is eccentrically arranged relative to the second shaft rod;
a first groove is formed in the inner wall of one side, close to the axis of the second shaft, of the first shaft, and the first groove is located at the connecting position of the first shaft rod and the first mounting plate; and/or
And a second groove is formed in the inner wall of one side, close to the axis of the first shaft, of the second shaft and is positioned at the joint of the second shaft rod and the second mounting plate.
2. A crankshaft according to claim 1,
the first shaft is provided with a first inner hole penetrating through the first shaft rod and the first mounting plate along the axial direction of the first shaft, and the second shaft is provided with a second inner hole penetrating through the second shaft rod and the second mounting plate along the axial direction of the second shaft.
3. A crankshaft according to claim 2,
the first shaft lever is provided with a first oil hole communicated with the first inner hole; and/or
And a second oil hole communicated with the second inner hole is formed in the second shaft rod.
4. A crankshaft according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
the first shaft rod and the first mounting plate are integrally formed through a forging process; and/or
The second shaft rod and the second mounting plate are integrally formed through a forging process; and/or
The surface of the first mounting plate, which is far away from the first shaft rod, and the surface of the second mounting plate, which is far away from the second shaft rod, are welded and mounted together in a resistance welding mode.
5. A crankshaft according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
when the second shaft is eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft in a resistance welding mode, a first welding strip is arranged on the end face of the first shaft matched with the second shaft, and/or a second welding strip is arranged on the end face of the second shaft matched with the first shaft.
6. A crankshaft according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
at least one mounting hole is formed in the first shaft and/or the second shaft;
the crankshaft further includes a counterbalance mounted on the first shaft or the second shaft through the mounting hole.
7. A crankshaft according to claim 6,
the number of the mounting holes is two, and the two mounting holes are arranged on the first shaft and are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the first shaft.
8. A crankshaft according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
the first and second shafts are made of low carbon steel or alloy steel or low carbon alloy steel; and/or
The first shaft and/or the second shaft are/is formed by forging and pressing, the first shaft is connected with the second shaft through a screw, or the first shaft is connected with the second shaft through a buckle, or the first shaft is installed with the second shaft in a welding mode, or the first shaft and/or the second shaft is formed by forging and pressing, and the second shaft is eccentrically welded on the end face of the first shaft in a resistance welding mode.
9. A compressor, characterized by comprising a crankshaft according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811505563.0A CN111287941B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Crankshaft and compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811505563.0A CN111287941B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Crankshaft and compressor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111287941A CN111287941A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
| CN111287941B true CN111287941B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811505563.0A Active CN111287941B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Crankshaft and compressor |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112832982B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-03-25 | 安徽美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Crankshaft, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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