CN111287877A - Middle open type water turbine - Google Patents

Middle open type water turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111287877A
CN111287877A CN202010136138.XA CN202010136138A CN111287877A CN 111287877 A CN111287877 A CN 111287877A CN 202010136138 A CN202010136138 A CN 202010136138A CN 111287877 A CN111287877 A CN 111287877A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
volute
water
rotating wheel
cascade
blade grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010136138.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘安然
庞辉春
陈德新
李延频
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henan Xinfei Era Energy Polytron Co ltd
Original Assignee
Henan Xinfei Era Energy Polytron Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henan Xinfei Era Energy Polytron Co ltd filed Critical Henan Xinfei Era Energy Polytron Co ltd
Priority to CN202010136138.XA priority Critical patent/CN111287877A/en
Publication of CN111287877A publication Critical patent/CN111287877A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186—Spiral or volute casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

A middle-open type water turbine, the volute exit is connected with the outside periphery of 2 runner rings of the runner, the volute exit is equipped with the fixed guide vane of the equipartition, the runner includes wheel hub, cascade of blades and runner ring, left cascade of blades and right cascade of blades go out the water direction and set up along the main axis is opposite, the wheel hub locates in the middle part of cascade of blades goes out the water direction, the runner ring distributes on both sides of wheel hub, left cascade of blades and right cascade of blades link to each other through the wheel hub, another side links to each other with runner ring separately, the medial surface of the wheel hub is fixedly connected with the perimeteric surface of the main axis through the key or whorl, both ends of the main axis are installed on the bearing box through the bearing, the draft tube that the side of 2 runner rings links to the volute exit, the water inlet, water outlet and draft tube of the volute communicate and form the channel of the liquid stream, the, the overcurrent capacity is strong, the number of equipment is reduced, the unit investment is reduced, and the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

Middle open type water turbine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water turbine, in particular to a mid-open type water turbine.
Background
The hydraulic turbine is widely used for hydroelectric power generation as an excellent hydraulic turbine, and is also gradually applied to the field of hydraulic energy recovery. The conventional water turbine has great axial water thrust in the operation process, the bearing needs to bear great load, the service life of the bearing is shortened, the stable operation of a unit is not facilitated, and the operation condition of the unit needs to be improved by the water turbine with small axial water thrust.
At present, horizontal mixed-flow water turbines used in domestic medium and small hydropower stations are selected frequently due to compact structure and convenient maintenance, but due to structural problems, the horizontal mixed-flow water turbines are limited by unit flow in the existing water turbine models, more mixed-flow units are often required to be arranged, the equipment investment is large, and on the other hand, when the water turbines are used for recycling the excess pressure of industrial circulating water, the industrial circulating water system can generally utilize water energy parameters, has the characteristics of low water head and large flow, and has a large flow change range along with the change of seasons and air temperatures; because the on-site condition limits, compact structure, easy to maintain's mixed flow unit is more used, industry circulating water residual pressure recovery project is mostly the transformation project, the on-site place is very limited, the dish cabinet interval is scarce, the electrical control system is complicated, the safety protection requirement is high, but because the structural problem that exists of current equipment, it is difficult to satisfy above demand, and, the construction is inconvenient, the operation is unstable, therefore, improvement and innovation to current hydraulic turbine structure are compelling, in order to satisfy that hydraulic turbine unit flow is big, be enough to compare favourably the axle/through-flow unit reduces the equipment investment, have horizontal mixed flow unit compact structure again, easy maintenance concurrently, and the current capacity is big, high-efficient stable, be convenient for construction, easy to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the present invention provides a mid-open water turbine, which can effectively solve the problems of high equipment investment, small flow capacity, inconvenient construction and unstable operation of the water turbine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention solves the technical scheme that the split water turbine comprises a rotating wheel, a volute and a draft tube, wherein an outlet of the volute is connected with the outer peripheries of 2 rotating wheel rings of the rotating wheel, uniformly distributed fixed guide vanes are arranged in the outlet of the volute, the rotating wheel comprises a hub, a cascade and a rotating wheel ring, the cascade comprises a left cascade and a right cascade, the water outlet directions of the left cascade and the right cascade are arranged in the reverse direction of a main shaft, the hub is positioned in the middle of the water outlet direction of the cascade, the rotating wheel rings are distributed on two sides of the hub, the left cascade and the right cascade are connected through the hub, the other sides of the left cascade and the right cascade are respectively connected with the rotating wheel ring, the inner side surface of the hub is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft through keys or threads, two ends of the main shaft are arranged on a bearing box through bearings, the draft tubes connected with the volute wall at the outlet of the, a shaft seal is arranged on a main shaft which penetrates through the draft tube and is contacted with the wall of the draft tube.
The invention has the advantages of simple structure, novel and unique design, convenient operation, stable unit operation, safety, reliability, strong overcurrent capacity, reduced equipment quantity, reduced engineering quantity, reduced unit investment and remarkable social and economic benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top cross-sectional block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the wheel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The center-opening water turbine is provided by combining the attached drawing, and comprises a rotating wheel, a volute and a tail water pipe, wherein an outlet of the volute 4 is connected with the periphery of the outer surface 1-31 of 2 rotating wheel rings 1-3 of the rotating wheel 1, uniformly distributed fixed guide vanes 3 are arranged in the outlet of the volute 4, the rotating wheel 1 comprises a wheel hub 1-1, a blade grid 1-2 and a rotating wheel ring 1-3, the blade grid 1-2 comprises a left blade grid 1-21 and a right blade grid 1-22, the water outlet directions of the left blade grid 1-21 and the right blade grid 1-22 are reversely arranged along a main shaft 8, the wheel hub 1-1 is positioned in the middle of the water outlet direction of the blade grid 1-2, the rotating wheel rings 1-3 are distributed on two sides of the wheel hub 1-1, the left blade grid 1-21 and the right blade grid 1-22 are connected through the wheel hub 1-1, the other sides, the inner side surface of the hub 1-1 is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of a main shaft 8 through a key or a thread, two ends of the main shaft 8 are arranged on a bearing box 9 through a bearing 7, the side edges 1-32 of the 2 rotating wheel rings 1-3 are provided with a tail water pipe 5 connected with the volute wall at the outlet of the volute 4, the water inlet 4-1, the water outlet and the tail water pipe 5 of the volute 4 are communicated to form a liquid flow channel, and a shaft seal 6 is arranged on the main shaft 8 which penetrates through the tail water pipe 5 and is contacted with the pipe wall of the tail water pipe 5.
In order to ensure better implementation effect, the left blade grids 1-21 and the right blade grids 1-22 are arranged along the axial direction in a reverse mode or are connected at intervals and angles along the rotating direction.
The left blade cascade 1-21 and the right blade cascade 1-22 are mixed-flow, diagonal flow or reversible water turbine type blade cascades.
The shaft seal 6 is a mechanical seal or a packing seal, and the pressure at the shaft seal is lower than that at the volute water inlet 4-1, so that the shaft seal leakage is reduced.
The shaft 8 is horizontally fixed on a bearing box 9.
The movable guide vanes 2 are arranged on the inner sides of the fixed guide vanes 3 in the inner part of the outlet of the volute 4.
The shaft of the movable guide vane 2 is provided with a gear which is meshed with a circular gear ring outside the volute 4, and the opening degree of the movable guide vane 2 is controlled by gear transmission.
A bracket 10 is fixed on the outer surface of the water inlet 4-1 of the volute 4.
When the invention is used specifically, liquid flow enters the volute from the water inlet of the volute, flows through the fixed guide vanes and the movable guide vanes from the water outlet of the volute, enters the rotating wheel, the shaft of each movable guide vane is provided with a gear, the gear is meshed with the circular gear ring outside the volute, the opening degree of the movable guide vanes is controlled by the gear transmission of the gear and the circular gear ring, the invention is suitable for the requirements of different liquid flows, the liquid flow is divided into two parts at the hub of the rotating wheel, and respectively enters the left blade grid and the right blade grid which are arranged in reverse direction, because the hub of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected with the shaft, the rotation of the left blade grid and the right blade grid of the rotating wheel can drive the main shaft to rotate, and the liquid flow is respectively discharged into the tail water pipe.
The invention has ideal effect through practical use, and the specific experimental data are as follows:
a double-open water turbine is used for industrial circulating water residual pressure recovery power generation project, the available water head of the system is 16m, and the circulating water volume is 48000m3The open type hydraulic turbine is selected, 3 middle open type hydraulic turbines are selected to be matched with 3 630kW generating sets, and the operating working point of the set is (n)11=80r/min、Q11=2.713m3And/s), the unit flow of the unit with the rotating wheel diameter of 0.64m is not only far larger than that of the existing mixed-flow turbine, but also larger than that of the existing shaft/through-flow unit, the unit is in a metal volute and is horizontally arranged, and the opening of the movable guide vane is controlled by using a gear for transmission. In the stage of project design, 6 common water turbines are used as a comparison scheme to be matched with 6 315kW generators, the diameter of a rotating wheel is 0.64m, and the operating condition point (n) is set11=80r/min、Q11=1.356m3And/s) compared with the prior art, the construction investment of the scheme is high, the occupied space is large, the engineering quantity is large, and the electric control panel cabinet occupies a large space and is eliminated. The scheme of the open center water turbine selected by the project has the advantages of compact structure of a common horizontal unit, greatly increased unit flow rate compared with the conventional unit, higher unit flow rate than the conventional shaft/tubular unit, extremely low axial water thrust in the unit operation, small vibration, stable operation, wide high-efficiency area and ideal effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the structure is simple, the design is novel and unique, the axial water thrust is small, the operation is stable, the vibration is small, and the working environment is friendly;
2. the runner has better flow capacity, the unit flow is greatly increased compared with the conventional water turbine, the number of equipment can be reduced, and the construction investment is reduced;
3. the runner has a wider high-efficiency area range, can keep high-efficiency operation in a larger flow variation range, and can improve the flow variation range by more than 100%;
4. the hydraulic energy recovery device can be widely used for medium and small-sized hydroelectric generation projects and various hydraulic energy recovery, is used for generating electricity or driving power equipment, and has great economic and social benefits.

Claims (8)

1. A mid-open type water turbine comprises a rotating wheel, a volute and a draft tube, and is characterized in that an outlet of the volute (4) is connected with the periphery of the outer surface (1-31) of 2 rotating wheel rings (1-3) of the rotating wheel (1), uniformly distributed fixed guide vanes (3) are arranged in the outlet of the volute (4), the rotating wheel (1) comprises a hub (1-1), a blade grid (1-2) and the rotating wheel ring (1-3), the blade grid (1-2) comprises a left blade grid (1-21) and a right blade grid (1-22), the water outlet directions of the left blade grid (1-21) and the right blade grid (1-22) are reversely arranged along a main shaft (8), the hub (1-1) is located in the middle of the water outlet direction of the blade grid (1-2), the rotating wheel rings (1-3) are distributed on two sides of the hub (1-1), and the left blade grid (1-21) and the right blade grid (1-22) are connected through the hub (1-1), the other side of the spiral case is respectively connected with a rotary wheel ring (1-3), the inner side surface of the hub (1-1) is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of a main shaft (8) through a key or a thread, two ends of the main shaft (8) are arranged on a bearing box (9) through a bearing (7), a tail water pipe (5) connected with the spiral case wall at the outlet of the spiral case (4) is arranged on the side edge (1-32) of 2 rotary wheel rings (1-3), a water inlet (4-1), a water outlet and the tail water pipe (5) of the spiral case (4) are communicated to form a liquid flow channel, and a shaft seal (6) is arranged on the main shaft (8) which penetrates through the tail water pipe (5) and is contacted with the pipe wall.
2. The mid-open hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left blade row (1-21) and the right blade row (1-22) are arranged in opposite directions in the axial direction or connected at intervals and angles in the rotational direction.
3. Center opening turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that the left and right cascades (1-21, 1-22) are cascades of francis, francis or francis turbine type.
4. The mid-open hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein the shaft seal (6) is a mechanical seal or a packing seal.
5. Center turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (8) is horizontally fixed to the bearing housing (9).
6. Center opening hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable guide vanes (2) are mounted on the inner portion of the volute (4) outlet and spaced apart from the inner side of the fixed guide vanes (3).
7. The center-opening water turbine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the shaft of the movable guide vane (2) is provided with a gear, the gear is meshed with a circular gear ring outside the volute (4), and the opening degree of the movable guide vane (2) is controlled by gear transmission.
8. The mid-open hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein a support (10) is fixed to an outer surface of the water inlet (4-1) of the volute (4).
CN202010136138.XA 2020-03-02 2020-03-02 Middle open type water turbine Pending CN111287877A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010136138.XA CN111287877A (en) 2020-03-02 2020-03-02 Middle open type water turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010136138.XA CN111287877A (en) 2020-03-02 2020-03-02 Middle open type water turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111287877A true CN111287877A (en) 2020-06-16

Family

ID=71019715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010136138.XA Pending CN111287877A (en) 2020-03-02 2020-03-02 Middle open type water turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111287877A (en)

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