CN217735648U - A dual-rotor mixed-flow reversible hydraulic generator set with self-balancing axial force - Google Patents

Abstract

A double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with self-balanced axial force is characterized in that a fixed guide vane is arranged in a volute, a movable guide vane is arranged on the inner side of the fixed guide vane and connected with a speed regulating mechanism, a reversible double runner is arranged on the inner side of the movable guide vane, a shaft hole of the reversible double runner is connected with a main shaft, the water outlet direction of a blade grid is reversely arranged along the main shaft, the left end and the right end of the main shaft are respectively arranged in a first bearing box and a second bearing box, the main shaft is connected with an asynchronous motor generator, a flywheel disc is arranged outside a coupler, a brake is arranged at the lower part of the flywheel disc, and a first tail water pipe valve and a second tail water pipe valve are respectively arranged at the outlets of a first tail water pipe and a second tail water pipe; the design is scientific and reasonable, new host equipment selection is provided for a small and miniature pumped storage power station, the defects of large axial force, complex system, high cost and the like caused by the structural layout of a conventional pump turbine are overcome, grid connection operation is simple, the unit runs reliably, the engineering quantity and the unit investment are reduced, and the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

A double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generator set with axial force self-balancing

technical field

The utility model relates to a reversible hydraulic generator set, in particular to a double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydraulic generator set with axial force self-balancing.

Background technique

With the implementation of the national "dual carbon" strategy, in order to accommodate wind power and photovoltaic needs to build energy storage facilities, pumped hydro storage, as a clean and pollution-free energy storage method, has been vigorously developed. It is a supplement of storage power station, which has outstanding advantages such as easy site selection, short construction period, and flexible layout. However, there is currently no dedicated host equipment for small and micro pumped storage power stations in the market. Due to the differences in structure, there are problems such as high investment cost and complex redundancy of the system. Pumped storage power stations generally have a high water head, and the structure of conventional water pumps and wheels will therefore bear a large axial water thrust. In the design of shafting It is necessary to choose bearings with greater force. Large-scale synchronous generator motors need to cooperate with a series of special large-scale power electronics, which is expensive. Asynchronous generator motors can be used in conjunction with mature soft-start and frequency conversion in the market. It has simple system, convenient operation, and low cost. lower merit. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop special units for small pumped storage power plants to overcome the disadvantages of conventional unit structures and complex systems. The new units should have the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency and stability, convenient use, fast construction, and easy maintenance, but have not yet been published. reports.

Utility model content

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generator set with self-balancing axial force, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing small-scale pumped storage power station does not develop Dedicated units cannot meet the demand.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is, a double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with axial force self-balancing, including movable guide vanes, fixed guide vanes, volute and asynchronous generator motor, the The volute is equipped with evenly distributed fixed guide vanes, and the inner side of the fixed guide vanes is concentrically equipped with alternate movable guide vanes. The movable guide vanes are connected with the speed regulating mechanism passing through the volute. Runner, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the reversible double runner and the inner wall of the volute form a closed cavity, the shaft hole of the reversible double runner is fixedly connected with the main shaft through a key, and the water outlet direction of the cascade of the reversible double runner is arranged in the opposite direction along the main shaft The left and right ends of the main shaft pass through the bearings respectively through the first draft tube and the second draft tube and are installed in the first bearing box and the second bearing box. The left end of the main shaft protrudes from the first bearing box along the center through the coupling and The asynchronous generator motor is connected, the coupling is equipped with a concentric flywheel disc, and the lower part of the flywheel disc is equipped with a brake. The first bearing box and the second bearing box are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the first draft tube and the second draft tube. The outlets of the draft tube and the second draft tube are respectively equipped with a first draft tube valve and a second draft tube valve;

When the turbine is working, the water flows through the volute inlet, the volute, the fixed guide vane, and the movable guide vane in sequence. After energy conversion is completed in the reversible double runner, it is discharged from the first draft tube and the second draft tube respectively. , when the water pump is working, the direction of rotation is opposite, and the water flows through the first draft tube and is sucked by the second draft tube. The water inlet of the shell is pressed out.

The utility model has a compact structure and a scientific and reasonable design. It is a new host equipment choice for small and micro pumped storage power stations. It overcomes the disadvantages of large axial force, complex system, and high cost caused by the structural layout of conventional pumps and turbines. The grid-connected operation is simple. The unit operates reliably, reduces engineering quantity and unit investment, and has remarkable social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view (section) of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram (section) of the reversible double runner of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific situation the specific embodiment of the utility model is described in detail.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generator set with axial force self-balancing includes a movable guide vane 2, a fixed guide vane 3, a volute 4 and an asynchronous generator motor 13. The volute 4 Equipped with evenly distributed fixed guide vanes 3, the inner side of the fixed guide vanes 3 is concentrically equipped with movable guide vanes 2, the movable guide vanes 2 are connected with the speed regulating mechanism 5 passing through the volute 4, and the inner sides of the movable guide vanes 2 are placed concentrically. There is a reversible double runner 1, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 1-4 of the reversible double runner 1 forms a closed cavity with the inner wall of the volute 4, the shaft hole of the reversible double runner 1 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 7 via a key, and the reversible The water outlet direction of the cascade of the double runner 1 is arranged in the opposite direction along the main shaft 7, and the left and right ends of the main shaft 7 pass through the bearings respectively through the first draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2 and are installed in the first bearing box 9-1 and the second bearing box 9-2, the left end of the main shaft 7 protrudes from the center along the center of the first bearing box 9-1 to connect with the asynchronous generator motor 13 through the coupling 10, and the coupling 10 is equipped with a concentric flywheel disc 11 , the lower part of the flywheel disc 11 is equipped with a brake 12, the first bearing box 9-1 and the second bearing box 9-2 are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the first draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2, the first A first draft tube valve 14-1 and a second draft tube valve 14-2 are respectively installed at the outlets of the draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2, which are used to cut off the water flow when the unit is shut down for maintenance.

In order to ensure a better implementation effect, the reversible double runner 1 includes a left cascade 1-1, a right cascade 1-2, a hub 1-3 and an outer ring 1-4, and the left cascade 1-1 and The water outlet direction of the right cascade 1-2 is arranged opposite to the main shaft 7, the hub 1-3 is located in the middle of the cascade water outlet direction, the outer ring 1-4 is distributed on both sides of the hub 1-3, the left cascade 1-1 and the right cascade The inner side of 1-2 is connected with the hub 1-3, and the outer side is connected with the outer ring 1-4 respectively. The outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 1-4 forms a closed cavity with the inner wall of the volute 4, and the shaft hole on the inner side of the hub 1-3 is connected with The outer shaft surface of the main shaft 7 is fixedly connected.

The number of blades of the left cascade 1-1 and the right cascade 1-2 is equal to 5-12, and the phase angle difference between the left cascade 1-1 and the right cascade 1-2 is 10-30°. Both the cascade 1-1 and the right cascade 1-2 have long blades evenly arranged or long and short blades arranged alternately.

There are 10-20 movable guide vanes 2 and 2-10 fixed guide vanes 3 .

The outer walls of the two ends of the main shaft 7 in contact with the first draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2 are respectively equipped with a first shaft seal 8-1 and a second shaft seal 8-2, the first shaft seal The flushing cooling water inlets of 8-1 and the second shaft seal 8-2 communicate with the top of the volute 4 through the shaft seal flushing cooling pipeline 15 respectively.

The coupling 10 and the flywheel disc 11 are an integral structure fixedly connected.

The speed regulating mechanism 5 includes a flashlight integrated actuator 5-1, a rocker arm 5-2, a push-pull rod 5-3, a long ear handle 5-4, a short ear handle 5-5 and a connecting plate 5-6, and the rocker arm 5-2 is hinged with one end of the push-pull rod 5-3, the other end of the push-pull rod 5-3 is hinged with one end of the long lug 5-4, the other end of the long lug 5-4 is connected with one of the movable guide vanes 2, and the other movable The guide vane 2 is connected with the long ear handle 5-4 through the short ear handle 5-5 and the connecting plate 5-6 to form a transmission structure, and the flashlight integrated actuator 5-1 drives the rocker arm 5-2 to rotate around the center of the output shaft 5-7 , the rotational torque is transmitted to the long ear handle 5-4 through the push-pull rod 5-3, and the short ear handle 5-5 is driven to rotate through the connecting plate 5-6 when the long ear handle 5-4 rotates, so as to realize the synchronization of all guide vanes 2 switch.

The first bearing box 9-1 and the second bearing box 9-2 are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the first draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2, and the connection adopts step fit to ensure reliable and convenient centering , The gap between the two sides of the mouth ring seal can be reduced to 0.2~0.5mm, the leakage loss of the mouth ring is reduced, and the efficiency of the unit is improved.

The self-balancing double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with axial force has two operating conditions of water turbine and water pump. When the water turbine is in operation, the water flows through the water inlet of the volute 4 and flows through the volute 4 and the fixed guide in sequence. The vane 3 and the movable guide vane 2, after the energy conversion is completed in the reversible double runner 1, are respectively discharged from the first draft tube 6-1 and the second draft tube 6-2. When the water pump is working, the direction of rotation is opposite, and the water flow Inhaled by the second draft tube 6-2 through the first draft tube 6-1, after the energy reverse conversion is completed in the reversible double runner 1, it flows through the movable guide vane 2, the fixed guide vane 3 in sequence, and from the volute 4 The water inlet is pressed out.

Reversible water turbine 1, asynchronous generator motor 13, brake 11, first draft tube valve 14-1 and second draft tube valve 14-2 are all fixed on the same base, and the unit can automatically balance axial water thrust during operation, with Large flow capacity and compact structure are beneficial to reduce equipment investment.

When the utility model is actually used, it has two operating conditions of a water turbine and a water pump. When the water turbine is in operation, the water flows through the volute 4, the fixed guide vane 3, and the movable guide vane 2 in sequence, and in the reversible double runner 1 After the energy conversion is completed, the left draft tube 6-1 and the right draft tube 6-2 are respectively discharged. The rotation direction of the water pump is opposite, and the direction of water flow is the reverse process of the hydraulic turbine. The water flows through the first draft tube 6-1 and the second The second draft tube 6-2 is sucked in, after the energy reverse conversion is completed in the reversible double runner 1, it flows through the movable guide vane 2 and the fixed guide vane 3 in sequence, and is pressed out from the water inlet of the volute 4, which is comparable to the conventional water pump turbine. It can automatically balance the axial force during the operation of the unit, avoiding the volume loss caused by the balance hole on the crown of the conventional water pump turbine or the leakage and decompression of the top cover, and improving the efficiency of the unit. After the axial force is balanced, the bearing only bears the radial force, and the shaft The force of the system is greatly reduced, allowing the use of rolling bearings instead of complex sliding bearings. The unit has a very compact structure and strong flow capacity, which is conducive to reducing equipment and civil construction investment. When emergency braking is required, the asynchronous generator motor 13 achieves emergency braking through the brake 12 and the flywheel disc 11 and the coupling 10 integrated with the flywheel disc 11 .

The utility model has been tested on the spot, and the effect is very ideal, and the specific test data are as follows:

The utility model self-balanced axial force double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydraulic generator set is used in the energy storage test bench. The design head of the pump is 50m, the flow rate is 1000m ³ /h, and the axial force self-balanced double-runner mixed flow is adopted. The reversible turbine and asynchronous generator motor unit are arranged horizontally. The reversible double-runner cascade is designed according to the principle of the pump turbine. Both the left and right cascades use 9 long blades, and the phase angle difference between the two cascades is 20°. , the number of movable guide vanes of the unit is 12, the number of movable guide vanes is 0, the unit is a single cascade structure, the unit is equipped with a 132kW asynchronous generator motor, the synchronous speed is 1500r/min, and the speed is about 1480r/min when operating in pump mode min, the rotational speed is about 1507r/min when running in the working condition of the water machine, the governor adopts mechanical electric structure, the unit runs stably during the experiment, and the energy storage conversion efficiency reaches 0.65~0.75, the unit adopts the horizontal shaft layout, adopts two A set of deep groove ball bearings and lithium-based grease lubrication, the axial water thrust is almost completely balanced during operation, the operation vibration is small, the pressure fluctuation in the no-blade area is small, and the high-efficiency area is wide.

The utility model has compact structure and scientific and reasonable design. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The reversible double-runner has a novel structure, automatic balance of axial force, stable operation, small pressure pulsation, small unit volume loss, high efficiency, and overcomes the disadvantages of large axial force, complex system, and high cost caused by the structural layout of conventional pump turbines. , the grid-connected operation is simple, the unit operates reliably, and the engineering quantity and unit investment are reduced;

2. It adopts asynchronous generator motor, without separate excitation and synchronous modules, and has low requirements for operating personnel. The system is simple to connect to the grid, easy to operate, fast in response, and meets the requirements of automatic operation and unattended operation;

3. The unit adopts a horizontal axis layout scheme, which can reduce the amount of civil excavation and reduce the investment of the power station project;

4. The mechanism is a self-contained structure, which is easy to disassemble and assemble, and has good neutrality. The unit system is simple and hardly needs additional auxiliary systems. The layout is compact and flexible, fully adapting to the flexible and changeable requirements of small and micro pumped storage power stations It saves construction investment and has good economic and social benefits.

In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" ", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integratively connected; it can be mechanically or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.

Claims (7)

1. A double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with self-balanced axial force comprises movable guide vanes (2), fixed guide vanes (3), a volute (4) and an asynchronous generating motor (13), and is characterized in that the volute (4) is internally provided with the uniformly distributed fixed guide vanes (3), the inner sides of the fixed guide vanes (3) are concentrically provided with the movable guide vanes (2) which are spaced, the movable guide vanes (2) are connected with a speed regulating mechanism (5) which penetrates through the volute (4), the inner sides of the movable guide vanes (2) are concentrically provided with reversible double runners (1), the outer peripheral surfaces of the reversible double runners (1-4) and the inner wall surface of the volute (4) form a closed cavity, the axial hole of the reversible double runners (1) is fixedly connected with a main shaft (7) through a key, the water outlet direction of a blade grid of the reversible double runners (1) is reversely arranged along the main shaft (7), the left end and the right end of the main shaft (7) respectively penetrate through a first tail water pipe (6-1) and a second tail water pipe (6-2) through a bearing, the first bearing box (9-1) and a second tail water pipe (6-2) and a flywheel box (9-2) are respectively, the center shaft coupling (11) is connected with a flywheel box (9), and a flywheel box (10) is connected with a flywheel box (10) through a first outer bearing (10) and a flywheel box (10) and a brake (10), a first bearing box (9-1) and a second bearing box (9-2) are respectively fixed on the outer wall surfaces of the first draft tube (6-1) and the second draft tube (6-2), and a first draft tube valve (14-1) and a second draft tube valve (14-2) are respectively arranged at the outlets of the first draft tube (6-1) and the second draft tube (6-2);

when the water turbine is in a working condition, water flows through a water inlet of the volute (4) and sequentially flows through the volute (4), the fixed guide vane (3) and the movable guide vane (2), after energy conversion is completed in the reversible double-rotor (1), the water is discharged from the first tail water pipe (6-1) and the second tail water pipe (6-2) respectively, when the water pump is in a working condition, the rotating directions are opposite, the water flows through the first tail water pipe (6-1) and the second tail water pipe (6-2) are sucked, and after energy reverse conversion is completed in the reversible double-rotor (1), the water flows through the movable guide vane (2) and the fixed guide vane (3) sequentially and is extruded from the water inlet of the volute (4).

2. The axial force self-balancing double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, wherein the reversible double runner (1) comprises a left cascade (1-1), a right cascade (1-2), a hub (1-3) and an outer ring (1-4), the water outlet directions of the left cascade (1-1) and the right cascade (1-2) are arranged along the spindle (7) in the reverse direction, the hub (1-3) is located in the middle of the water outlet direction of the cascades, the outer ring (1-4) is distributed on two sides of the hub (1-3), the inner sides of the left cascade (1-1) and the right cascade (1-2) are connected through the hub (1-3), the outer sides of the left cascade and the right cascade are respectively connected with the outer ring (1-4), the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring (1-4) and the inner wall surface of the closed volute (4) form a cavity, and the shaft hole on the inner side of the hub (1-3) is fixedly connected with the outer shaft surface of the spindle (7) through a key.

3. The axial force self-balancing double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set according to claim 2, wherein the left cascade (1-1) and the right cascade (1-2) have the same number of blades, which are 5-12, the phase angle difference between the left cascade (1-1) and the right cascade (1-2) is 10-30 degrees, and the left cascade (1-1) and the right cascade (1-2) are long blades arranged uniformly or long and short blades arranged alternately.

4. The axial force self-balancing double-runner francis reversible hydroelectric generator set of claim 1, wherein 10-20 movable guide vanes (2) and 2-10 fixed guide vanes (3) are provided.

5. The dual-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with the self-balancing axial force as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the two ends of the main shaft (7) in contact with the first draft tube (6-1) and the second draft tube (6-2) are respectively provided with a first shaft seal (8-1) and a second shaft seal (8-2), and the flushing and cooling water inlets of the first shaft seal (8-1) and the second shaft seal (8-2) are respectively communicated with the top of the volute (4) through a shaft seal flushing and cooling pipeline (15).

6. The double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generator set with self-balanced axial force as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coupling (10) and the flywheel disk (11) are of an integrated structure fixedly connected.

7. The double-runner mixed-flow reversible hydroelectric generating set with the self-balanced axial force as claimed in claim 1, wherein the speed regulating mechanism (5) comprises a manual and electric integrated actuator (5-1), rocker arms (5-2), a push-pull rod (5-3), a long lug handle (5-4), a short lug handle (5-5) and a connecting plate (5-6), the rocker arms (5-2) are hinged to one end of the push-pull rod (5-3), the other end of the push-pull rod (5-3) is hinged to one end of the long lug handle (5-4), the other end of the long lug handle (5-4) is connected to one of the movable guide vanes (2), the other movable guide vanes (2) are connected to the long lug handle (5-4) through the short lug handle (5-5) and the connecting plate (5-6) to form a transmission structure, the manual and electric integrated actuator (5-1) drives the rocker arms (5-2) to rotate around the center of the output shaft (5-7), the rotary torque is transmitted to the long lug handle (5-4) through the push-pull rod (5-3), and the long lug handle (5-4) drives the short handle (5-6) to synchronously rotate through the connecting plate (5-6).

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