CN111285677A - Preparation method of high-density laminated composite part - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-density laminated composite part Download PDF

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CN111285677A
CN111285677A CN202010210847.8A CN202010210847A CN111285677A CN 111285677 A CN111285677 A CN 111285677A CN 202010210847 A CN202010210847 A CN 202010210847A CN 111285677 A CN111285677 A CN 111285677A
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composite component
ceramic
core mold
density
graphite
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李忠盛
吴护林
何庆兵
宋凯强
易同斌
陈汉宾
赵子鹏
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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Abstract

A process for preparing high-density laminated composite part includes plasma spraying ZrO (10 mm in thickness) on graphite core mould2Coating Mo alternately to obtain a sprayed composite component, and performing densification treatment by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process to obtain a high-density composite component; fine processing is carried out and the graphite core mould is removed by mechanical processing to obtain ZrO with metallographic structure with alternate coatings2-a Mo composite component; the preparation method effectively reduces holes in the sprayed partHoles, cracks and other defects ensure ZrO2The Mo composite component has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for special-shaped parts with complicated shapes.

Description

Preparation method of high-density laminated composite part
The present invention is a divisional application entitled "method for producing ceramic-metal composite member" and patent application No. 201810794877.0.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-density laminated composite piece.
Background
The ceramic-metal composite member prepared by the powder metallurgy method has high density and excellent mechanical property, and is suitable for certain volume parts with simple shapes; however, when some thin-wall parts are prepared, a large amount of materials of the core part need to be machined and cut, so that the machining is very difficult, and meanwhile, great resource waste is caused. In addition, the method is difficult to implement when preparing some special-shaped pieces with complex shapes, whether in press forming or in a machining process.
The plasma spraying process for preparing the ceramic-metal composite member has achieved some initial results, but all face the following two common problems: (1) the plasma spraying part has more defects of pores, cracks and the like, so that the comprehensive performance of the formed part is poor; (2) as the thickness of the deposited layer increases during plasma spraying, the stress build-up introduced is highly likely to cause premature cracking of the coating, making it difficult to obtain a sprayed ceramic-metal composite component of large thickness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-density laminated composite part, which aims to solve the problems in the preparation of a ceramic-metal composite component by a powder metallurgy method and a plasma spraying method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-density laminated composite part, which comprises the following steps:
step A, designing and processing a graphite core mold according to the shape and the size of a ceramic-metal composite component to be prepared; the graphite core mold comprises a main body mold and a clamping section arranged at the end part of the main body mold, wherein the outline of the main body mold is used for preparing a ceramic-metal composite component. The clamping section in the graphite core mold is a structure which extends out of the end part of the main body mold and is coaxially arranged with the main body mold. The ceramic-metal composite component is in a symmetrical shape such as a cylindrical shape, a conical shape or a Laval shape, or in an asymmetrical shape such as a trapezoidal shape. The graphite in the graphite core mold is 'three-high' graphite, and the density is more than or equal to 1.8g/cm3。
B, spraying a ceramic/metal alternative coating on the surface of the graphite core mold obtained in the step A by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain a ceramic-metal composite component; the total thickness of the ceramic/metal alternating coating is 0.5-15 mm. The ceramic material in the ceramic/metal alternating coating is ZrO2、TiO2、Al2O3And the metal material is one or more of Ni, Mo and other metal simple substances, or the metal material is one or more of NiCrAlY, NiCoCrAlY and other metal compounds. In the step B, in the ceramic/metal alternative coating, the single-layer thickness of the ceramic layer is 50-500 μm, and the single-layer thickness of the metal layer is 50-2000 μm.
Step C, performing densification treatment on the ceramic-metal composite component obtained in the step B by adopting a hot isostatic pressing technology to obtain a high-density composite component; the process conditions of the hot isostatic pressing process are as follows:
sintering temperature is 800-2000 ℃, loading pressure is 80-200 MPa, pressure maintaining time is 0.5-5 h, and pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas.
And D, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member obtained in the step C according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required ceramic-metal composite member.
Most preferably, a method of making a highly dense laminated composite comprises the steps of:
step A, designing and machining a cylindrical graphite core mold with a clamping section at the end by taking three-high graphite as a raw material;
b, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotary tool, and spraying ZrO with the total thickness of 10mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2-Mo alternate coating to obtain a sprayed composite component, wherein ZrO in alternate layers2The thickness of the single layer is 150-200 μm, and the thickness of the Mo single layer is 200-250 μm;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 ℃, the loading pressure is 160MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 1.5h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required ZrO2-a Mo composite component.
The preparation method of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method adopts plasma spraying, greatly simplifies the operation steps, saves the production cost, is favorable for realizing near-net shape and is easy to be pushed to industrial production compared with the traditional powder metallurgy process; the spray part is densified through a hot isostatic pressing process, so that the defects of holes, cracks and the like in the spray part are effectively reduced, and the excellent comprehensive performance of the ceramic-metal composite part is ensured; in conclusion, the preparation method of the scheme not only saves resources and is suitable for the special-shaped piece with a complex shape, but also can ensure the excellent comprehensive performance of the ceramic-metal composite piece.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic-metal composite component of a method for manufacturing a highly dense laminated composite part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of a ceramic/metal alternating coating layer of a method for manufacturing a highly dense laminated composite part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic-metal composite component prepared according to a second embodiment of the method for preparing a highly dense laminated composite according to the embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic-metal composite component prepared according to a third embodiment of the present invention in a method for preparing a highly dense laminated composite part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic-metal composite component prepared in the fourth embodiment of the method for preparing a highly dense laminated composite member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100-a ceramic-metal composite member;
101-a body mold; 102-alternating ceramic/metal coatings; 103-clamping section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-density laminated composite part, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step A, designing and processing a graphite core mold according to the shape and the size of the ceramic-metal composite component 100 to be prepared; wherein the ceramic-metal composite member 100 is in a symmetrical shape such as a cylindrical shape, a conical shape or a laval shape, or the ceramic-metal composite member 100 is in an asymmetrical shape such as a trapezoidal shape; the structural shape of the graphite core mold is matched with the shape of the ceramic-metal composite component 100; in addition, the graphite in the graphite core mold is 'three-high' graphite, and the density is more than or equal to 1.8g/cm3The 'three-high' graphite is stable in chemical property, and has high-temperature strength and excellent machining characteristics.
B, spraying a ceramic/metal alternative coating 102 on the surface of the graphite core mold obtained in the step A by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain a ceramic-metal composite component 100, wherein the total thickness of the ceramic/metal alternative coating 102 is 0.5-15 mm; it is noted that the ceramic material in the alternating ceramic/metal coating 102 is ZrO2、TiO2、Al2O3One or more of engineering ceramics and the like, the metal material is one or more of elementary metals such as Ni, Mo and the like, or the metal material is NiCrAlY, NiCoCrAlY, etc.; preferably, the single-layer thickness of the ceramic layer is 50-500 μm, and the single-layer thickness of the metal layer is 50-2000 μm.
And step C, performing densification treatment on the ceramic-metal composite component 100 obtained in the step B by adopting a hot isostatic pressing technology to obtain a high-density composite component, wherein the hot isostatic pressing technology has the following process conditions: sintering temperature is 800-2000 ℃, loading pressure is 80-200 MPa, pressure maintaining time is 0.5-5 h, and pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas.
And D, performing finish machining on the high-density composite component obtained in the step C according to the structure and the size of the component to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required ceramic-metal composite component 100.
Specifically, the graphite core mold structure comprises a main body mold 101 and a clamping section 103 arranged at the end of the main body mold 101, wherein the outline of the main body mold 101 is used for preparing the ceramic-metal composite member 100; the clamping section 103 in the graphite core mold is a structure which extends out of the end part of the main body mold 101 and is coaxially arranged with the main body mold 101; when the device is applied, the graphite core mold is fixed on a rotating tool so as to provide a stable spraying environment.
By adopting the preparation method of the ceramic-metal composite member 100 of the invention and adopting plasma spraying, compared with the traditional powder metallurgy process, the preparation method greatly simplifies the operation steps, saves the production cost, is beneficial to realizing near net shape and is easy to be put to industrial production; the graphite with three high is used as a core mould material, has high-temperature strength and excellent machining characteristics, and is beneficial to preparing ceramic-metal composite thin-wall parts and ceramic-metal composite special-shaped parts which are difficult to obtain by the traditional powder metallurgy method; when the ceramic-metal composite component 100 is prepared, metal materials such as Ni, Mo and NiCrAlY are used as transition layers, so that the ceramic-metal composite component 100 not only has a good bonding effect on ceramic layers, but also effectively relieves the thermal stress between the ceramic layers, and is beneficial to obtaining the ceramic-metal composite component 100 with large thickness; the densification treatment is carried out on the sprayed part by the hot isostatic pressing process, so that the defects of holes, cracks and the like in the sprayed part are effectively reduced, and the excellent comprehensive performance of the ceramic-metal composite part is ensured.
Example one
Fig. 1-2 are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a method for manufacturing a high-density laminated composite member and a method for manufacturing a ceramic-metal composite member 100 according to this embodiment; specifically, the preparation method of the ceramic-metal composite component 100 provided in this embodiment is as follows:
step A, using three-high graphite as a raw material, designing and manufacturing a cylindrical graphite core mold with a clamping section 103 at the end part by machining, wherein the structure of the cylindrical graphite core mold is shown in figure 1;
b, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotary tool, and spraying ZrO with the total thickness of 10mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2-Mo alternate coating to obtain a sprayed composite component, wherein ZrO in alternate layers2The thickness of the single layer is 150-200 μm, and the thickness of the Mo single layer is 200-250 μm;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 ℃, the loading pressure is 160MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 1.5h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required ZrO2-a Mo composite component.
FIG. 2 shows ZrO obtained in step B of this example2Metallographic structure of alternating coatings of Mo-sprayed composite Components, in which the bright band-shaped areas are Mo layers and the dark band-shaped areas are ZrO2And (3) a layer.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a graphite core mold required by a method for manufacturing a highly dense laminated composite member and a method for manufacturing a ceramic-metal composite member 100 according to this embodiment is shown, specifically, the steps of this embodiment are as follows:
step A, using three-high graphite as a raw material, designing and manufacturing a conical graphite core mold with a clamping section 103 at the end part by machining, wherein the structure of the conical graphite core mold is shown in figure 3;
b, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotary tool, and spraying TiO with the total thickness of 6mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2-alternate coating of Ni to obtain a sprayed composite member, wherein TiO in alternate layers2The thickness of the single layer is 200-250 μm, and the thickness of the Ni single layer is 300-350 μm;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1250 ℃, the loading pressure is 140MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas, so as to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required TiO2-a Ni composite component.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a graphite core mold required by a method for manufacturing a highly dense laminated composite member and a method for manufacturing a ceramic-metal composite member 100 according to this embodiment is shown, specifically, the steps of this embodiment are as follows:
step A, using three-high graphite as a raw material, designing and machining to manufacture a Laval-shaped graphite core mold with a clamping section 103 at the end part, wherein the structure is shown in figure 4;
b, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotary tool, and spraying Al with the total thickness of 4mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2O3-alternate coating of Ni to obtain a sprayed composite member, wherein Al is present in the alternate layers2O3The thickness of the single layer is 200-250 μm, and the thickness of the Ni single layer is 200-250 μm;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, the loading pressure is 140MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 1h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas, so as to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machiningTo obtain the required Al2O3-a Ni composite component.
Example four
As shown in fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a graphite core mold required by a method for manufacturing a highly dense laminated composite member and a method for manufacturing a ceramic-metal composite member 100 according to this embodiment is shown, specifically, the steps of this embodiment are as follows:
step A, using three-high graphite as a raw material, designing and manufacturing a trapezoidal graphite core mold with a clamping section 103 at the end part by machining, wherein the structure of the trapezoidal graphite core mold is shown in FIG. 5;
b, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotary tool, and spraying TiO with the total thickness of 4mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2-NiCrAlY alternate coating to obtain a sprayed composite member, wherein TiO in alternate layers2The single-layer thickness is 100-150 mu m, and the NiCrAlY single-layer thickness is 100-150 mu m;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, the loading pressure is 120MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas, so as to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, performing finish machining on the high-density composite member according to the structure and the size of the member to be prepared, and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the required TiO2-a NiCrAlY composite member.

Claims (2)

1. A method for preparing a high-density laminated composite part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, designing and machining a cylindrical graphite core mold with a clamping section at the end by taking three-high graphite as a raw material;
step B, fixing the graphite core mold on a rotating tool, and spraying ZrO with the total thickness of preferably 10mm on the surface of the core mold by adopting a plasma spraying technology2-Mo alternate coating to obtain a sprayed composite component, wherein ZrO in alternate layers2The thickness of the single layer is 150-200 μm, and the thickness of the Mo single layer is 200-250 μm;
step C, performing densification treatment on the sprayed composite component by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 ℃, the loading pressure is 160MPa, the pressure maintaining time is about 1.5h, and the pressure medium is high-purity Ar gas to obtain a high-density composite component;
d, according to the structure and the size of the component to be prepared, performing finish machining on the high-density composite component and removing the graphite core mold by adopting mechanical machining to obtain the ZrO of the invention2-a Mo composite component.
2. The method for producing a ceramic-metal composite member according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, the "three-high graphite" has a density of not less than 1.8g/cm3。
CN202010210847.8A 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Preparation method of high-density laminated composite part Pending CN111285677A (en)

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CN201810794877.0A CN108727018B (en) 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Method for producing ceramic-metal composite component
CN202010210847.8A CN111285677A (en) 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Preparation method of high-density laminated composite part

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CN112111702A (en) * 2020-10-13 2020-12-22 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司柳州局 High-density corrosion-resistant gradient metal ceramic composite coating and spraying method thereof
CN114147436A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-03-08 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 Preparation method of composite component with periodic gradient structure
CN114717506A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-08 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 Hard alloy sintering anti-sticking coating and preparation method thereof
CN115537810A (en) * 2022-10-14 2022-12-30 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 Method for preparing composite component based on plasma spraying-laser cladding
CN115608962A (en) * 2022-11-09 2023-01-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of light high-rigidity sensitive equipment precision base

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CN109321861B (en) * 2018-11-20 2020-09-22 山东科技大学 Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating with lamellar and columnar composite structure and preparation method thereof
CN110563484A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-13 泰州市光明电子材料有限公司 Ceramic surface metallization process

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CN112111702A (en) * 2020-10-13 2020-12-22 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司柳州局 High-density corrosion-resistant gradient metal ceramic composite coating and spraying method thereof
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CN114717506A (en) * 2022-03-09 2022-07-08 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 Hard alloy sintering anti-sticking coating and preparation method thereof
CN115537810A (en) * 2022-10-14 2022-12-30 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 Method for preparing composite component based on plasma spraying-laser cladding
CN115608962A (en) * 2022-11-09 2023-01-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of light high-rigidity sensitive equipment precision base
CN115608962B (en) * 2022-11-09 2024-03-15 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of precise base of light high-rigidity sensitive equipment

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Application publication date: 20200616