CN111282910A - Material surface treatment equipment and method - Google Patents
Material surface treatment equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111282910A CN111282910A CN201811497910.XA CN201811497910A CN111282910A CN 111282910 A CN111282910 A CN 111282910A CN 201811497910 A CN201811497910 A CN 201811497910A CN 111282910 A CN111282910 A CN 111282910A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses surface treatment equipment and a method, wherein the equipment comprises a feeding device, an ultrasonic cleaning device, a vacuum drying device, a vacuum plasma cleaning device and a discharging device which are sequentially arranged; the ultrasonic cleaning device comprises an ultrasonic cleaning tank for containing a hydrocarbon cleaning agent, and is provided with a first outlet and an inlet, wherein the first outlet and the inlet are connected with a first separation circulating system, and the first separation circulating system is used for distilling and regenerating the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; the first separation circulating system comprises a first separation tank, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and a hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device which are sequentially connected. The ultrasonic washing is replaced by the ultrasonic hydrocarbon washing, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is recycled, and the three steps of hydrocarbon washing, vacuum drying and vacuum plasma washing are combined together in sequence, so that zero emission of waste gas and waste water is realized, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering surface treatment, in particular to a material surface treatment device and method.
Background
Material surface engineering is the systematic engineering of treating the surface of a material, such as washing, coating, surface modification, etc., to change the chemical composition, texture, and stress state of a solid metal or non-metal surface, etc., to achieve desired surface properties. In various fields such as chips, aluminum alloy products, electroplated products and the like, the materials need to be cleaned before being welded, plated and sprayed, for example, the surfaces of the materials need to be plated (including coating, electroplating, chemical plating, electrophoresis and the like), and the prior art generally comprises the following processes: feeding → oil removal → multiple ultrasonic washing → multiple drying → plating → multiple washing → drying → discharging, water is needed in the process treatment before, during and after plating, and further wastewater is generated, and the wastewater can cause great pollution to the external discharge and can not reach the environmental/environmental standard required by the state. The main factor affecting the environment is the discharge of waste water and waste gas, and in order to reach the national discharge standard, many enterprises finally use waste water and waste gas treatment equipment additionally for treatment, thereby increasing the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a material surface treatment device and a material surface treatment method, which can realize zero emission of waste water and waste gas in the material surface treatment process.
The invention discloses material surface treatment equipment, which comprises a feeding device, an ultrasonic cleaning device, a vacuum drying device, a vacuum plasma cleaning device, a discharging device, a sealing door for sealing each device and an outer sealing door for sealing the whole treatment equipment, wherein the feeding device, the ultrasonic cleaning device, the vacuum drying device, the vacuum plasma cleaning device and the discharging device are sequentially arranged; the ultrasonic cleaning device comprises an ultrasonic cleaning tank for containing a hydrocarbon cleaning agent, and is provided with a first outlet and an inlet, wherein the first outlet and the inlet are connected with a first separation circulating system, and the first separation circulating system is used for circularly regenerating the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; the first separation circulating system comprises a first separation tank, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and a hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device which are sequentially connected; the first separation groove is connected with the first outlet and used for receiving a hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated in the ultrasonic cleaning device, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device is connected with the inlet and used for circulating the regenerated hydrocarbon cleaning agent to the ultrasonic cleaning device; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is recycled in a closed system to prevent leakage.
Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning tank comprises a coarse cleaning tank, a fine cleaning tank and a rinsing tank which are arranged in sequence in a countercurrent mode according to the flowing direction of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; a first overflow port is arranged between the rough washing tank and the fine washing tank, and a second overflow port is arranged between the fine washing tank and the rinsing tank; the first outlet is arranged on the rough washing tank, and the inlet is arranged on the rinsing tank.
Further preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning tank, the first separation tank and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device form a height difference; when the surface of a material is treated, the height difference forms a power source of the first separation circulation system, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated in the rough washing tank flows into the first separation tank under the action of gravity, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent regenerated in the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device flows into the rinsing tank under the action of gravity; the height of the first overflow port is lower than that of the second overflow port, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent flows into the coarse washing tank after flowing into the fine washing tank from the rinsing tank.
Preferably, the bottom of each cleaning tank is also provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is connected with a third separation tank, and the third separation tank is connected with the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device to form a second separation circulation system; when the dirt in each cleaning tank needs to be treated, the discharge port can be opened, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated and the dirt are sequentially subjected to separation of the third separation tank, evaporation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and condensation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device through the discharge port and then are recycled into the ultrasonic cleaning tank.
Still further preferably, a filter screen and a slag discharge port are arranged in the first separating tank or the third separating tank, and the filter screen is used for filtering and separating dirt which is insoluble in hydrocarbon cleaning agents and discharging the dirt from the slag discharge port.
Preferably, the refrigeration system further comprises a refrigeration cycle system, wherein the refrigeration cycle system comprises a compressor, and a refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator which are connected with the compressor; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device is connected with the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system so as to send cold air formed when the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system evaporates into the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device to assist the condensation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device is connected with the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system so as to send hot gas discharged when the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system is condensed into the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device to assist the evaporation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; so that the heat generated by the compressor is recycled by the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device.
Preferably, the tank body of the ultrasonic cleaning tank adopts a jacket mode, water is placed in the jacket, and the jacket is heated by heat generated by the compressor.
Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning device and the vacuum drying device are communicated with the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporated in the ultrasonic cleaning tank and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent discharged from the vacuum drying device are condensed and recovered by the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device.
Further preferably, a second separation tank is arranged between the inlet and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device and is used for separating condensed water and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent.
Preferably, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent has a flash point of more than 200 ℃, a boiling point of between 65 and 80 ℃ and a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa.
Preferably, the vacuum plasma cleaning apparatus includes: the plasma electrode plates are distributed in the sealed plasma cavity; the degree of vacuum in the sealed plasma chamber is 30Pa or less during plasma cleaning.
Further preferably, during plasma cleaning, gas is introduced into the sealed plasma cavity to continuously generate plasma, the flow rate of the gas is 200-.
Preferably, the feeding device and the discharging device are a ship lock type feeding device and a ship lock type discharging device, so that the whole equipment is a closed system during feeding and discharging, and the volatile hydrocarbon cleaning agent in the system is not leaked.
The invention also provides a material surface treatment method, which comprises the following steps: the material enters closed material surface treatment equipment through a feeding device, and is discharged from the closed material surface treatment equipment through a discharging device after being sequentially cleaned by a hydrocarbon cleaning agent of an ultrasonic cleaning device, vacuum-dried by a vacuum drying device and vacuum plasma treated by a vacuum plasma cleaning device; the ultrasonic cleaning device is connected with the first separation circulating system and is used for carrying out closed circulating regeneration on the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated flows out of the ultrasonic cleaning device, enters a first separation circulating system, is sequentially subjected to separation, evaporation and condensation, and then is circulated back to the ultrasonic cleaning device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method combines the three steps of hydrocarbon cleaning, vacuum drying and vacuum plasma cleaning together in sequence to treat the surface of the material, can reduce the cost to the utmost extent, simultaneously recycles the hydrocarbon cleaning agent in a closed system, really solves the zero emission problem of waste water and waste gas from the source of the process, and is green and environment-friendly in the whole process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a material surface treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a material surface treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of an apparatus for surface treatment of a material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cycle of a hydrocarbon purge in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat cycle in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6a is a graph of experimental data for water drop angle before material treatment in an example of the present invention.
FIG. 6b is a graph of experimental data of water drop angle after material treatment in an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings, it should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a material surface treatment apparatus 10 including a feeding device 100, an ultrasonic cleaning device 200, a vacuum drying device 300, a vacuum plasma cleaning device 400, and a discharging device 500, which are arranged in sequence on one production line. The periphery of the whole processing equipment is sealed by an external sealing door, and each device is also independently sealed (not shown in the figure); so as to ensure the operation safety and the heat preservation effect of the equipment, prevent the volatilization of the solvent and the like.
Above the feeding device 100, the ultrasonic cleaning device 200, the vacuum drying device 300, the vacuum plasma cleaning device 400 and the discharging device 500, a balustrade 11 and a robot arm 12 are installed, and the robot arm 12 is connected to an electric control system 13, can move up and down, and can move left and right between the devices along the balustrade 11.
The feeding device 100 comprises a feeding conveyor 101 and a material frame 102, and a movable sealing door is arranged between the feeding device 100 and the ultrasonic cleaning device 200. An external mechanical arm puts materials into a material frame 102, the material frame 102 is conveyed to the lower portion of the mechanical arm 12 through the feeding conveyor 101, the mechanical arm 12 grabs the material frame 102, and meanwhile, the movable sealing door is opened, and the material frame 102 is conveyed into the ultrasonic cleaning device. The discharging device 500 also includes a discharging conveyor, and a movable sealing door is provided between the discharging device and the vacuum plasma cleaning device 400. The robot arm picks up the cleaned material in the vacuum plasma cleaning device 400, and at the same time opens the movable sealing door, puts the material frame on the discharging conveyor, and then delivers the device from the discharging conveyor. The feeding device 100 and the discharging device 500 are a ship lock type feeding device and a ship lock type discharging device, so that the whole equipment is a closed system when feeding and discharging are ensured, and the volatile hydrocarbon cleaning agent in the system is not leaked.
The ultrasonic cleaning device 200 comprises 3 ultrasonic cleaning tanks containing cleaning agents, namely a rough cleaning tank 201, a fine cleaning tank 202 and a rinsing tank 203, which are respectively used for rough cleaning (cleaning of cutting oil, metal particles, dust and the like on the surface of a material), fine cleaning (further cleaning of less cutting oil on the surface of the material) and rinsing (further cleaning of trace cutting oil on the surface of the material), wherein the cleaning agents are selected from the group consisting of ① capable of degreasing in cold, hot and steam states, ② high in liquid phase density, low in surface tension, ③ nonflammable, nondegradable, nondefective and noncorrosive to metal, ④ stable, nontoxic and nonirritant odor, ⑤ high in liquid phase density, low in surface tension, ⑥ low in viscosity, low in capacity and heat of vaporization, steam heavier than air, ⑦ easy to separate from oil stains and free from pollution to air, and particularly, the hydrocarbon cleaning agents are selected, have good environmental protection characteristics and cleaning capability, particularly high cleaning capability for working oils such as metal, small surface tension, fine pores, good cleaning effect of flash light, and preferably 80-80 ℃ or more than that of ethylene-trichloropropane, 1000mPa and preferably 1000 mPa.
Each ultrasonic cleaning tank is formed by precisely welding 316 stainless steel plates, a vibration plate is arranged on the inner side surface of each ultrasonic cleaning tank, and a plurality of vibration heads are arranged in the vibration plate; the total number of 200 vibration heads are arranged in a single tank body, each tank is provided with a set of generator, and the ultrasonic frequency is 28 KHz. The ultrasonic wave makes the hydrocarbon cleaning agent vibrate and tear rapidly to form a plurality of vacuum bubbles, the bubbles generate huge impact force at the closing moment, and the bubbles are formed and closed repeatedly in such a way, so that the oil stain is dissolved and stripped rapidly.
As shown in fig. 4, the ultrasonic cleaning device 200 is connected to the first separation circulation system (solid line in the figure) for the regeneration and recycling of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent. Specifically, the first separation circulation system comprises a first separation tank, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device and a second separation tank which are sequentially connected. The rough washing tank 201 is provided with a first outlet which is connected with the first separation tank; the rinse tank 203 is provided with an inlet connected to the second separation tank. A first overflow port is arranged between the rough washing tank 201 and the fine washing tank 202, a second overflow port is arranged between the fine washing tank 202 and the rinsing tank 203, and the height of the first overflow port is lower than that of the second overflow port. Meanwhile, the height of the ultrasonic cleaning device is lower than that of the second separation tank and higher than that of the first separation tank (namely, the height of the rough washing tank is higher than that of the first separation tank, and the height of the rinsing tank is lower than that of the second separation tank) so as to form a height difference.
As shown in fig. 4, under the action of the height difference, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated in the rough washing tank 201 flows into the first separation tank, a stainless steel filter screen is arranged inside the first separation tank, the filtering precision is about 20 μm, dirt insoluble in the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is separated from the cleaning agent (solid-liquid separation), the insoluble dirt can be taken out from a slag discharge port of the first separation tank periodically, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated (insoluble dirt is filtered, but cutting oil soluble in the cleaning agent and the like) flows into the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated is fractionated and purified in the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device, and the purified hydrocarbon cleaning agent (namely the hydrocarbon cleaning agent) enters the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device for condensation; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device is also provided with a discharge port for discharging and recovering cutting oil and the like. Because the moisture in the air may be condensed into water in the condensation process, the regenerated hydrocarbon cleaning agent and the water are separated by the second separation tank (liquid-liquid separation), flow into the rinsing tank under the action of the height difference, overflow from the rinsing tank to the fine washing tank and then overflow to the rough washing tank, and the whole regeneration cycle of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is completed. The overflow amount of the regenerated hydrocarbon cleaning agent per hour is 1.5-2 times of the volume of the single tank.
The hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporator is connected with the refrigeration cycle system refrigerant evaporator 204, and the refrigeration cycle system refrigerant evaporator 204 heats the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporator; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device is connected with a refrigerant evaporator 205 of the refrigeration cycle system, the refrigerant evaporator 205 of the refrigeration cycle system cools the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device, the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system and a refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system are connected with a compressor to form the refrigeration cycle system, the circulation of the refrigerant is shown in figure 5, an exhaust port of the compressor is connected to one end of the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system, the other end of the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system is connected to the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system, and the other end of the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system is connected to an air suction. The heat generated by the compressor is connected to the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device through a pipeline and is recycled by the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device.
Because the hydrocarbon cleaning agent's that chooses for use boiling point is lower (65-80 ℃) in this embodiment, so its hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation plant need not the vacuum distillation, but adopt the ordinary pressure distillation separation can, hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation plant's heating method is the jacket heating for the one deck skin is established again to the inlayer overcoat that is used for the holding to wait to distill the hydrocarbon cleaning agent, place water between the inlayer and the ectonexine, the heat that the compressor produced is connected to hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation plant's jacket and is heated for the water in the jacket through the pipeline, and then carries out the distillation regeneration of hydrocarbon cleaning agent. The hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device is heated by utilizing the heat generated by the compressor, so that the aim of saving energy can be fulfilled.
The groove bodies of the rough washing groove, the fine washing groove and the rinsing groove can adopt a jacket mode, an outer groove body of one layer is sleeved outside an inner groove body used for containing the hydrocarbon cleaning agent, pure water is placed between the inner groove body and the outer groove body, heat generated by the compressor is used for heating the jacket, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent can be effectively prevented from caking due to uneven heating. And meanwhile, the heat generated by the compressor is utilized to heat the ultrasonic cleaning tank, so that the energy consumption and the cost are further saved.
The ultrasonic cleaning tank is not free from volatilization of partial hydrocarbon cleaning agent, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is evaporated in the vacuum drying device. However, each device is provided with a sealing door, and the sealing door is arranged outside the whole equipment, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent can be effectively prevented from being discharged outwards by adopting a double-sealing mode. In addition, each cleaning tank and the vacuum drying device in the ultrasonic cleaning device are connected with the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device condenses the cleaning agent volatilized by the cleaning tanks and the cleaning agent evaporated in the vacuum drying device together with the regenerated cleaning agent fractionated by the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporating device, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is further recycled, zero emission of waste gas is realized, and meanwhile, energy consumption and cost are saved.
In the operation process of the equipment, when the surface treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the hydrocarbon cleaning agent circulation and the refrigeration circulation are operated all the time. After the equipment is used for a long time, in order to further purify the hydrocarbon cleaning agent, discharge ports can be respectively arranged at the bottoms of the rough washing tank 201, the fine washing tank 202 and the rinsing tank 203, the discharge ports can be manually controlled to be opened and closed, the discharge ports are connected with a third separation tank, and meanwhile, the third separation tank is connected with a hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device to form a second separation circulation system. Similarly, the ultrasonic cleaning tank and the third separation form a height difference. As shown by dotted lines in FIG. 4, when the surface of the material is not treated, the discharge ports of the rough washing tank, the fine washing tank and the rinsing tank are opened, the cleaning agent in each ultrasonic cleaning tank flows into the third separation tank for solid-liquid separation at one time, then sequentially passes through the fractional distillation purification of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and the condensation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device, and finally flows back into the rinsing tank under the action of the height difference to complete the purification and the recycling of all the hydrocarbon cleaning agent. The third separating tank is provided with a stainless steel filter screen, the filtering precision is 20 mu m, and dirt which is insoluble in the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is separated from the cleaning agent; and solid waste slag is discharged from a slag discharge port of the third separation tank. Through the second separation circulating system, the purification and cleaning of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent can be realized.
The vacuum drying apparatus 300 is used for drying the cleaned material, and may comprise one or more boxes, and is used for drying in multiple steps, as shown in the figure, it comprises two vacuum drying apparatuses, 301 and 302, respectively, and the drying condition is 1.0 × 104Pa–1.01×105Pa。
The vacuum plasma cleaning apparatus 400 is used to clean the dried material. Although the material is cleaned of oil stains and other impurities by the ultrasonic cleaning device, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent or a small amount of residual oil stains may remain on the surface of the material. The vacuum plasma cleaning apparatus 400 may generate plasma to clean the cleaning agent on the surface of the material and the residual oil stain not removed in the hydrocarbon cleaning process.
The vacuum plasma cleaning device comprises a sealed plasma cavity and plasma polar plates distributed in the sealed plasma cavity. The plasma substrates are symmetrically distributed in the plasma cavity, and can be provided with 2 symmetrical substrates or 4 symmetrical substrates around the inner side. And when the material enters the sealed plasma cavity, closing the sealing door, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is below 30Pa, and introducing gas into the sealed plasma cavity to continuously generate plasma. The gas that lets in includes argon gas, oxygen, nitrogen gas, hydrogen, carbon tetrafluoride etc. chooses for use different gases according to different materials, for example: the circuit board selects one of argon, oxygen and carbon tetrafluoride, and the metal selects one of argon, oxygen and hydrogen. For a sealed plasma chamber with a volume of 100L, the flow rate of gas introduced into the cleaning tank is 200-400 ml/min. And in the plasma cleaning process, the duration of gas introduction is about 3-5 min. The pressure of plasma cleaning in this embodiment is 1 to 100Pa, preferably 30Pa or 80 Pa.
The principle of cleaning the surface of the material by the plasma is as follows: in the vacuum cavity, a radio frequency power supply is used for starting under a certain pressure to generate high-energy plasma, and then the plasma bombards the surface of the material to generate a microscopic stripping effect so as to achieve the aim of cleaning. The stripping depth can be adjusted by adjusting the plasma bombardment time, and the action effect of the plasma is in a nanometer level, so that the cleaning object can not be damaged.
Plasma cleaning also has the following advantages: 1. the dry method has no pollution, no waste water, no solvent, green and environmental protection; 2. only a small amount of gas is needed to form plasma, so that the cost is low, the power consumption is low, the cleaning time is short, and the efficiency is high; 3. the plasma has low directivity and can penetrate into the micro-holes and the dents of the object, so that the shape of the material does not need to be considered too much; in addition, different materials, such as metal, semiconductor, oxide or high polymer materials, can be cleaned; 4. while the cleaning and decontamination are completed, the surface performance of the material can be improved, such as the wetting performance of the surface, the adhesion of the film, the firmness of welding and the like.
After the ultrasonic hydrocarbon washing, the vacuum drying and the vacuum plasma washing are sequentially carried out, the surface cleaning effect of the material is good, and the surface tension of the metal material can reach more than 60dyn after the metal material is cleaned; for plastics, the surface tension can reach more than 40dyn after cleaning; for glass, the surface tension can reach more than 60dyn after cleaning.
As shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the experimental data of the water drop angle before and after cleaning the silicon plate material, the left contact angle of the water drop angle is 99 ° and the right contact angle is 101.54 °; after the cleaning, the left contact angle of the water drop angle is 12.5 degrees, and the right contact angle is 11.95 degrees. From the experimental data, it is clear that the cleaning effect is good.
Taking the cleaned material as plastic as an example, in the embodiment, the ultrasonic hydrocarbon washing and plasma washing are adopted, and compared with the traditional ultrasonic water washing or ultrasonic hydrocarbon washing, the water mark test, the dyne value, the water drop angle and the overall energy consumption are as follows:
as can be seen from the above data: through the mode of ultrasonic hydrocarbon washing + plasma cleaning, its cleaning performance is good, and the power consumption is low.
As each device in the equipment is positioned on a production line, an automatic manipulator 12 can be arranged above each device/trough body for batch operation, and during operation, the automatic manipulators above each device or trough body synchronously work on different workpieces, so that the efficiency is improved.
For feeding, an external mechanical arm puts materials into the material frame 102, after the material frame 102 is conveyed to the position below the mechanical arm 12 by the feeding conveyor 101, the automatic mechanical arm 12 moves downwards to grab the material frame 102 and then moves upwards, meanwhile, the movable sealing door is opened, the automatic mechanical arm moves rightwards for one grid, stops above the rough washing tank 201, then moves downwards to convey the material frame 102 into the rough washing tank 201. And finally, returning the automatic manipulator.
Similarly, for the working processes of the automatic manipulators above other devices/tanks, the sealing door of each device is opened firstly, then the workpieces which are processed in the previous step are grabbed by the automatic manipulators and then sent into the next device or tank, and finally the respective sealing door is closed.
The specific flow of processing each workpiece by the material surface processing equipment sequentially comprises the following steps: feeding → rough washing → fine washing → rinsing → 2 times drying → vacuum plasma treatment → discharging.
Compared with the cleaning process in the background art, the material surface treatment process of the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. this application is in the same place ultrasonic wave hydrocarbon washing, vacuum drying and this three steps of vacuum plasma washing in proper order, compare in ultrasonic wave washing or ultrasonic wave hydrocarbon washing in the past, its cleaning performance is good, and the cleaning time is short, efficient, simultaneously, can also improve the surface property of material itself, is favorable to the subsequent processing of material.
2. All set up sealing door outside each device and whole equipment in the equipment, carry out cyclic utilization to hydrocarbon cleaner in the cleaning process, simultaneously, the hydrocarbon cleaner that volatilizees in the washing tank and the hydrocarbon cleaner of first vacuum chamber evaporation all enter into hydrocarbon cleaner condensing equipment and circulate, have avoided the emission of waste water and waste gas completely, really solve waste water and exhaust emission's problem from the technology source, whole technological process green is pollution-free. In addition, resources are saved, and cost is reduced.
3. The hydrocarbon cleaning evaporation device and the hydrocarbon cleaning condensation device are connected with the refrigeration cycle system, and meanwhile, heat generated by the compressor is used for heating the hydrocarbon cleaning evaporation device and the ultrasonic cleaning tank and the like, so that heat is recycled, and energy is saved and consumption is reduced to the maximum extent.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A material surface treatment device is characterized by comprising a feeding device, an ultrasonic cleaning device, a vacuum drying device, a vacuum plasma cleaning device and a discharging device which are sequentially arranged, and a sealing door for sealing each device and an outer sealing door for sealing the whole treatment device;
the ultrasonic cleaning device comprises an ultrasonic cleaning tank for containing a hydrocarbon cleaning agent, and is provided with a first outlet and an inlet, wherein the first outlet and the inlet are connected with a first separation circulating system, and the first separation circulating system is used for circularly regenerating the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; the first separation circulating system comprises a first separation tank, a hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and a hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device which are sequentially connected; first separating tank with first exit linkage for receive and wait to regenerate hydrocarbon cleaner among the ultrasonic cleaning device, hydrocarbon cleaner condensing equipment with access connection for circulate regenerated hydrocarbon cleaner to ultrasonic cleaning device in, the hydrocarbon cleaner carries out circulation regeneration in closed system, prevents to reveal.
2. The material surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning tank comprises a rough cleaning tank, a fine cleaning tank, and a rinsing tank which are arranged in this order in a counter-current manner in a flow direction of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; a first overflow port is arranged between the rough washing tank and the fine washing tank, and a second overflow port is arranged between the fine washing tank and the rinsing tank; the first outlet is arranged on the rough washing tank, and the inlet is arranged on the rinsing tank.
3. The material surface treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning tank forms a height difference with the first separation tank and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device; when the surface of a material is treated, the height difference forms a power source of the first separation circulation system, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated in the rough washing tank flows into the first separation tank under the action of gravity, and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent regenerated in the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device flows into the rinsing tank under the action of gravity; the height of the first overflow port is lower than that of the second overflow port, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent flows into the coarse washing tank after flowing into the fine washing tank from the rinsing tank.
4. The material surface treatment equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of each cleaning tank is further provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is connected with a third separation tank, and the third separation tank is further connected with the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device to form a second separation circulation system; when the dirt in each cleaning tank needs to be treated, the discharge port can be opened, so that the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated and the dirt are sequentially subjected to separation of the third separation tank, evaporation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device and condensation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensation device through the discharge port and then are recycled into the ultrasonic cleaning tank.
5. The material surface treatment equipment according to claim 4, wherein a filter screen and a slag discharge port are arranged in the first separation tank or the third separation tank, and the filter screen is used for filtering and separating dirt which is insoluble in hydrocarbon cleaning agents and discharging the dirt from the slag discharge port.
6. The material surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a refrigeration cycle system, the refrigeration cycle system including a compressor, and a refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator connected to the compressor; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device is connected with the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system so as to send cold air formed when the refrigerant evaporator of the refrigeration cycle system evaporates into the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device to assist the condensation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device is connected with the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system so as to send hot gas discharged when the refrigerant condenser of the refrigeration cycle system is condensed into the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device to assist the evaporation of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; so that the heat generated by the compressor is recycled by the hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporation device.
7. The material surface treatment equipment according to claim 6, wherein the tank body of the ultrasonic cleaning tank adopts a jacket manner, water is placed in the jacket, and the jacket is heated by heat generated by the compressor.
8. The material processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic cleaning device and said vacuum drying device are connected to said hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device, and said hydrocarbon cleaning agent evaporated in said ultrasonic cleaning tank and said hydrocarbon cleaning agent discharged from said vacuum drying device are condensed and recovered by said hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing device.
9. A material surface treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that a second separation tank is provided between the inlet and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent condensing means for separating condensed water and hydrocarbon cleaning agent.
10. The material surface treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon cleaning agent has a flash point above 200 ℃, a boiling point between 65-80 ℃ and a viscosity below 1000 mPa-s.
11. The material surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum plasma cleaning device comprises: the plasma electrode plates are distributed in the sealed plasma cavity; the degree of vacuum in the sealed plasma chamber is 30Pa or less during plasma cleaning.
12. The material surface treatment apparatus according to claim 11, wherein during plasma cleaning, gas is introduced into the sealed plasma chamber to continuously generate plasma, the flow rate of the gas is 200-400 ml/100L-min, and the gas comprises at least one of argon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon tetrafluoride.
13. The material surface treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device and the discharging device are a ship lock type feeding device and a ship lock type discharging device, so that the whole equipment is a closed system when feeding and discharging, and volatile hydrocarbon cleaning agents in the system are not leaked.
14. A method of surface treatment of a material, comprising:
the material enters closed material surface treatment equipment through a feeding device, and is discharged from the closed material surface treatment equipment through a discharging device after being sequentially cleaned by a hydrocarbon cleaning agent of an ultrasonic cleaning device, vacuum-dried by a vacuum drying device and vacuum plasma treated by a vacuum plasma cleaning device;
the ultrasonic cleaning device is connected with the first separation circulating system and is used for carrying out closed circulating regeneration on the hydrocarbon cleaning agent; and the hydrocarbon cleaning agent to be regenerated flows out of the ultrasonic cleaning device, enters a first separation circulating system, is sequentially subjected to separation, evaporation and condensation, and then is circulated back to the ultrasonic cleaning device.
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| CN201811497910.XA CN111282910A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Material surface treatment equipment and method |
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| CN201811497910.XA CN111282910A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Material surface treatment equipment and method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112547666A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳市鑫承诺环保产业股份有限公司 | Cleaning process for automobile accessory material |
| CN112871861A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州格瑞泰克环保科技有限公司 | Oil separating and cooling device for hydrocarbon cleaning machine |
| CN113766748A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-07 | 苏州新晶腾光电科技有限公司 | Infrared touch module processing technology |
| CN116060370A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-05-05 | 深圳市安科创科技有限公司 | Efficient steam generation and recovery system of hydrocarbon cleaning machine |
-
2018
- 2018-12-07 CN CN201811497910.XA patent/CN111282910A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112871861A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州格瑞泰克环保科技有限公司 | Oil separating and cooling device for hydrocarbon cleaning machine |
| CN112547666A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳市鑫承诺环保产业股份有限公司 | Cleaning process for automobile accessory material |
| CN113766748A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-07 | 苏州新晶腾光电科技有限公司 | Infrared touch module processing technology |
| CN116060370A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-05-05 | 深圳市安科创科技有限公司 | Efficient steam generation and recovery system of hydrocarbon cleaning machine |
| CN116060370B (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2024-06-11 | 深圳市安科创科技有限公司 | Efficient steam generation and recovery system of hydrocarbon cleaning machine |
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