CN111280456A

CN111280456A - Automatic nut huller

Info

Publication number: CN111280456A
Application number: CN201811489736.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴瑞祥; 范汝健; 刘炯
Original assignee: Hezhong Power Machinery Factory Gulao Town Heshan City
Current assignee: Hezhong Power Machinery Factory Gulao Town Heshan City
Priority date: 2018-12-06
Filing date: 2018-12-06
Publication date: 2020-06-16

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic nut huller, which comprises a blanking device, a clamping and delivering device, a hulling device, a dust collecting device, a control system device and a rack, the blanking device, the clamping and delivering device, the hulling device, the dust collecting device and the control system device are fixedly arranged on the frame according to the characteristic assembly relationship, wherein the blanking device is mainly used for queuing and conveying nuts to be shelled, the blanking assembly is used for enabling the nuts to fall onto the clamping and conveying device, the clamping and conveying device is used for clamping and conveying the nuts, the nuts are conveyed to the shelling device for carrying out joint cutting and shelling, the dust suction device is used for sucking shell broken objects generated by the shelled nuts, the control system device is used for automatically controlling the automatic nut shelling machine and realizing intelligent monitoring, through the coordinated working movement of the devices, the automatic production of the automatic nut huller is achieved.

Description

Automatic nut huller

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut hullers, in particular to an automatic nut huller.

Background

The nuts are a classification of closed fruits, have hard pericarp and contain 1 or more seeds, such as fruits of Chinese chestnuts, almonds and the like, are essential parts of plants, are generally rich in nutrition, contain high protein, grease, mineral substances and vitamins, and have excellent effects on growth and development of human bodies, physique enhancement and disease prevention. The macadamia nut is one of nuts, is a tree nut originally produced in macadamia, is leather in pericarp and hard in endocarp, and is beige to light brown in color, and among a plurality of dried fruits in the world, the macadamia nut has the highest economic value and is entitled to be the king of the dried fruits.

The nut of the nut class, especially Hawaii fruit, because the outer cover of a layer of outer cover of the nut, in the course of making, need remove the outer cover, the general processing mode is divided into two kinds, manual mode and mechanical mode, the manual mode is to cut open the outer cover through the manual mode, then take out the nut inside, this kind of mode labour intensity is high, the inefficiency, it is easy to injure the finger in the course of cutting open the outer cover, and easy to produce the pollution to the nut surface when manual operation. The mechanical means are generally implemented by semi-automatic machines. The machine consists of a rotating grinding wheel roller and a fixed sand strip, nuts are conveyed into a gap between the rotating grinding wheel roller and the fixed sand strip, and the grinding wheel roller rotates while the sand strip is fixed, so that the nuts are subjected to friction, extrusion and rubbing in the gap, the shells are crushed and separated from kernels, and the kernels are separated from the shells under the extrusion effect, so that the kernels are easily damaged and crushed. Whether the manual mode or the mechanical mode is adopted, the integrity of the shelled nuts is low, and the subsequent processing and sale of the nuts are influenced.

The nut huller of traditional mode, the mechanism is complicated, complex operation, and adaptability is low, and degree of automation is lower, can not realize waiting that blanking, clamp of hulling nut are got, send and get, joint-cutting, shelling, blanking, dust absorption etc. press from both sides tight a series of work through a machine, and the complete rate of inside kernel after the nut shelling is lower moreover, influences processing and the sale of follow-up kernel.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic nut huller, develops the automatic nut huller which has the advantages of high automation degree, novel structure, safety, reliability, flexible operation, convenience in use, high efficiency, good effect, intelligent monitoring and capability of adapting to nuts of different types and diameters, and solves the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic nut sheller comprises a blanking device, a clamping and delivering device, a shelling device, a dust suction device, a control system device and a frame, the blanking device, the clamping and delivering device, the hulling device, the dust collecting device and the control system device are fixedly arranged on the frame according to the characteristic assembly relationship, wherein the blanking device is mainly used for queuing and conveying nuts to be shelled, the blanking assembly is used for enabling the nuts to fall onto the clamping and conveying device, the clamping and conveying device is used for clamping and conveying the nuts, the nuts are conveyed to the shelling device for carrying out joint cutting and shelling, the dust suction device is used for sucking shell broken objects generated by the shelled nuts, the control system device is used for automatically controlling the automatic nut shelling machine and realizing intelligent monitoring, through the coordinated working movement of the devices, the automatic production of the automatic nut huller is achieved.

The blanking device comprises a support frame assembly, a material tray assembly and a blanking assembly, wherein the support frame assembly is a support part and is used for mounting other parts of the blanking device, the material tray assembly is fixed on the support frame assembly through clamping, and the blanking assembly is embedded in the support frame assembly;

the clamping and delivering device comprises a clamping component, a rotating component and a delivering component, wherein the clamping component is used for clamping nuts, the rotating component is arranged on the clamping component and can rotate to the nuts, and the delivering component is arranged below the clamping component and the rotating component and reciprocates through the delivering clamping component and the rotating component;

the shelling device comprises a support frame, an opening assembly and a shelling assembly, wherein the support frame is formed by welding profile steel and plays a role in fixing the opening assembly and the shelling assembly, the opening assembly is installed on the support frame and is mainly used for circumferential opening work of nuts to be shelled, and the shelling assembly is also installed on the support frame and is used for separating shells and pulps of the nuts with openings. The supporting frame is made of iron section steel materials and is formed by welding section steels with different lengths respectively, the supporting function of the whole device is achieved, and the supporting frame mainly plays a role in fixing the opening assembly and the shelling assembly;

the dust collection device comprises a dust collection container, a dust collection assembly, a confluence valve and a blanking disc, wherein the dust collection container is arranged at the bottom of a cutter of a nut huller and used for wrapping the cutter and absorbing shell fragments at the position;

the control system device comprises a first control cabinet and a second control cabinet, wherein the first control cabinet is fixed on the rack through bolts, pneumatic elements including an electromagnetic valve, a pressure regulating valve, a filtering duplex piece and the like are arranged in the first control cabinet, and a stable air source is mainly provided for an air cylinder of the automatic nut huller. The second switch board passes through the couple and the screw fixation is in the frame, installs electrical components such as master switch, branch switch, earth leakage protection switch, relay, PLC, STM32 module in the second switch board.

As a further embodiment of the invention, the support frame component is mainly formed by welding iron section bars, a stable support frame is formed by placing the section bars, a stable supporting function is provided for the blanking device, other parts of the blanking device can be installed above the support frame, the tray component comprises a blanking tray, an adjusting rod and a U-shaped block, the blanking tray comprises a blanking inclined plane, a blanking tip, a blanking groove and a discharge hole, the blanking inclined plane is formed by welding stainless steel plates, the periphery of the blanking inclined plane is in a funnel shape, nuts can roll down to the middle of the blanking tray along the blanking inclined plane, two sides of the blanking tip are inclined planes, the two inclined planes are combined into a tip, the nuts above the blanking inclined plane can roll down into the blanking groove along the inclined planes, the blanking groove is in a rectangular bar shape, the nuts can reach the next working procedure through the blanking groove, and the number of the grooves of the blanking groove is not limited, the discharge port is the outlet position of the nut to be hulled. The blanking assembly comprises a motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a synchronous belt, a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a driving rod, a driven rod, a first chain wheel, a second chain wheel, a chain, a blanking block and an adjusting block, the motor is a stepping motor or a servo motor and is used for providing power transmission for the blanking mechanism, the driving pulley is in key connection with an input shaft of the motor, the driven pulley is in key connection with the driving rod, the synchronous belt is sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the synchronous belt drives the driven pulley to rotate through the synchronous belt, the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are respectively provided with two bearing seats and are respectively and fixedly arranged on the support frame assembly, the first bearing seat is connected with the driving rod, so that the driving rod can rotate on the first bearing seat, the rotating power of the motor finally drives the driving rod to rotate through the driving belt wheel and the synchronous belt, the driven belt wheel finally drives the driving rod to rotate, the second bearing seat is connected with the driven rod, so that the driven rod can rotate on the second bearing seat, the driving rod and the driven rod are respectively fixed with a first chain wheel and a second chain wheel which are unlimited in number through flat keys, chains with proper lengths are sleeved on the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel, each chain link on the chains is correspondingly fixed with a blanking block through bolts, the blanking block is in a block shape, an arc groove is arranged in the middle, the shape of the groove is equivalent to that of nuts, and the blanking block is in contact communication with the blanking groove, so that the nuts in the blanking device can be embedded into the groove, the adjusting block is used for adjusting the, the tightness of the chain can be adjusted. It should be noted that, the number of the first chain wheel, the second chain wheel and the chain on the driving rod and the driven rod is not limited, the length of the chain and the number of the blanking blocks are also not limited, and the corresponding adjustment can be made according to the actual situation, and the number of the first chain wheel, the second chain wheel and the chain is within the protection scope of the patent.

As a further embodiment of the invention, the clamping assembly comprises a baffle plate, a clamping block, a connecting plate, a first air cylinder, a first rotating shaft, a pressing plate, a bottom plate, a bearing seat, a second rotating shaft, a rotating plate, a spring, a locking nut, a supporting plate and an adjusting screw rod, wherein the baffle plate is used for catching nuts dropped by a nut dropping device in the previous process to enable the nuts to fall at a designated position, the clamping block is made of a material with certain hardness and wear resistance and is used for clamping the nuts, the outer surfaces of the nuts cannot be damaged after being clamped, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the clamping block through bolts, the first rotating shaft is in assembly connection with the connecting block, so that the first rotating shaft simultaneously drives the clamping block to rotate in the rotating process, the first air cylinder is a pneumatic finger air cylinder, the two connecting plates are mounted at the front end of the first air cylinder, and the connecting plate is assembled with the connecting block, when the first air cylinder is opened and retracted, the clamping block is also opened and retracted, so that the nuts can be clamped and loosened, and under the action of the first air cylinder and the first rotating shaft, the nuts can be clamped and loosened and can also be rotated. The clamp plate is used for fixing the first cylinder through a bolt, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the feeding assembly through the bolt, the other part of the clamping assembly is connected with other parts of the feeding assembly, the bearing seat is installed on the bottom plate and internally provided with a second rotating shaft, the spring is installed on the bottom plate, the rotating plate is pressed above the bearing seat and is tightly pressed through a locking nut, the front end of the rotating plate is also provided with a support plate, and the support plate is internally provided with a first rotating shaft. Adjusting screw passes through the screw thread and installs on the clamp plate, and the bottom plate is withstood to the adjusting screw bottom, through adjusting screw adjustment clamp plate's position, can put the central point of clamp splice and adjust, realizes pressing from both sides the purpose of getting the nut of different diameters equidimensions, through adjusting lock nut's position, also can put the central point of clamp splice and adjust to the position of nut is got in the adjustment clamp, realizes pressing from both sides and gets and send and get the multi-direction multi-angle adjustable purpose of device. The number of the clamping components in the patent is not limited, and any number is within the protection scope of the patent. The rotating assembly comprises a motor, a third rotating shaft, a driving chain wheel, a chain, a tension wheel, a driven chain wheel and a working platform. The motor is direct current gear motor or step motor, installs on work platform, and the third pivot is installed to the output shaft of motor, and the interval is equipped with the unlimited drive sprocket of number in the third pivot, installs driven sprocket in the first pivot of pressing from both sides the subassembly, and the chain cup joints on drive sprocket and driven sprocket, the take-up pulley is used for adjusting the elasticity of chain. When the motor rotates, the third rotating shaft is driven to rotate, so that the driving chain wheel on the third rotating shaft is driven to rotate, the driven chain wheel arranged on the clamping assembly is driven to rotate, and the rotation of the clamping blocks on the clamping assembly is controlled by one motor simultaneously. The feeding and taking assembly comprises a second cylinder, a third cylinder, a second cylinder connecting plate, a third cylinder connecting plate, a supporting frame, a cylinder floating connector, a first guide rail, a second guide rail and a sliding block. The second cylinder passes through the second cylinder connecting plate and gets work platform fixed connection on the subassembly with pressing from both sides, the third cylinder passes through the third cylinder connecting plate and is connected with the support frame, and second cylinder and third cylinder pass through the cylinder floating connector and connect into a whole, first guide rail and second guide rail are installed respectively in the both sides of support frame, and first guide rail and second guide rail are equipped with the slider that quantity is unlimited, are fixed with work platform on the slider, consequently when through second cylinder and third cylinder coordinated movement, can realize that work platform has two working stroke, produce first working stroke when the second cylinder stretches out promptly, produce second working stroke when the third cylinder stretches out, and second cylinder and third cylinder are adjustable stroke cylinder, can adjust first working stroke and second working stroke. It should be noted that the number of the clamping assemblies is not limited, and can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual situation, which is within the protection scope of the present patent.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the opening assembly includes a motor, a motor mounting plate, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a driving belt, a belt cover, a rotating shaft, a bearing seat, a sleeve, a collar, a rotating blade, a guide block, a fixed blade, a connecting rod, and an adjusting block. The motor is fixedly arranged on the motor mounting plate, the motor mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the support frame, the driving belt pulley is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, the driven belt pulley is arranged on the rotating shaft, the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are sleeved with the transmission belt, so that the motor can drive the rotating motion of the rotating shaft through the transmission belt when rotating, the belt cover is used for covering the motor and the transmission belt and plays a role of protecting other people from being injured in the rotating process of the motor, the bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft and fixed on the support frame, meanwhile, the rotating blades with unlimited number are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals, are circular, cutter teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction, lantern rings and sleeves are sleeved on two sides of each rotating blade to ensure that the rotating blades cannot find axis deflection, and a groove position is arranged in the middle of the guide block, the nut cutting device is characterized in that the rotary blade is embedded into the groove and exposes the cutter teeth, the fixed blade is fixed on one side of the guide block, the connecting rod is used for fixing the guide blocks with unlimited quantity, and the adjusting block is used for adjusting the height of the guide blocks to achieve the purpose of adjusting the depth of cut of nuts. The shelling component comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a connecting plate, a coupler, a shaft sleeve, a first thrust bearing, a second thrust bearing, a cutter head, a blade, a first air cylinder, a second air cylinder, a push plate and a position sensor. The support frame is provided with unshelling components with unlimited number, and the number of the unshelling components corresponds to that of the opening components. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer, the speed reducer is installed on the connecting plate through bolts, the connecting plate is fixedly assembled with the support frame, the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with one end of the shaft coupling, the shaft coupling is connected with the rotating shaft inside, a shaft sleeve capable of moving up and down is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the cutter head penetrates through the push plate and is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve, a blade is embedded in the cutter head, a bearing is embedded in the push plate, a first thrust bearing and a second thrust bearing are arranged at two ends of the outer side of the push plate, the first thrust bearing is positioned at one side of the shaft sleeve, the second thrust bearing is positioned at one side of the cutter head, so that the rotation of the motor can drive the rotation of the cutter head, a first air cylinder and a second air cylinder which are symmetrical in structure are arranged at two sides of the connecting plate, the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are double-rod, the position sensor is used for judging the vertical position of the cutter head. It should be noted that, the number of the opening assembly and the shelling assembly is not limited, and can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual situation, but the number of the opening assembly and the shelling assembly is the same, and there is a corresponding assembly relationship, which is all within the protection scope of this patent.

As a further embodiment of the invention, the dust collection container comprises a receiving end and an outlet end, wherein the receiving end is in a semicircular shape, a round hole is formed in the bottom of the receiving end, the semicircular part wraps a cutter of the nut huller and has a certain gap, the outlet end is in a circular tube shape, one end of the outlet end is welded and sealed with the round hole in the bottom of the receiving end, and the other end of the outlet end is connected with a plastic pipeline. The dust collection assembly comprises a first connecting plate, a cylinder, a second connecting plate, a clamping seat, a circular tube, a tip and a position sensor. The nut huller is characterized in that the first connecting plate is connected with a base body of the nut huller, mounting plates on two sides of the air cylinder are mounted on the first connecting plate, a sliding block of the air cylinder is fixedly assembled with the second connecting plate, clamping seats with unlimited quantity are mounted on the second connecting plate, a circular tube is fixedly assembled in each clamping seat, a tip part is mounted at the front end of the circular tube, the rear end of the circular tube is connected with a plastic pipeline, the tip part is pointed, and a position sensor is used for judging the movement position of the air cylinder. The confluence valve comprises a confluence input end and a confluence output end. The valve that converges plays the effect that the pipeline converges, and the input of converging comprises a plurality of pipeline interfaces, and the quantity of the input of converging does not do the restriction, and the plastic conduit that plastic conduit and the pipe that the exit end is connected are connected with the pipeline interface of the input of converging, and the output of converging and the input of converging converge a plurality of plastic conduit that come and form the passageway, finally form the effect of converging, and the output outside of converging has connect the aspiration pump. The blanking plate is of a disc-shaped structure and is connected with the nut huller base, the bottom surface of the blanking plate is an inclined plane, and a certain number of groove positions are formed. The shelled nuts and shells can roll down along the inclined plane, and the small-particle shell powder can be discharged from the groove.

As a further embodiment of the invention, the second control cabinet is externally provided with a display screen, an emergency stop switch, a start switch, a stop switch, a knob switch and a change-over switch, wherein the display screen is used for displaying the state information of the automatic nut sheller, such as the pressure of an air source, the air inlet pressure of each air cylinder, the rotating speed of each motor, the state of each sensor, the production information of the number of nuts to be shelled, the number of shelled kernels and the like in the blanking device, and various control parameters of the automatic nut sheller can be set through the display screen. The scram switch is used for scram operation to the machine, and starting switch is used for starting the motor of automatic nut huller, and stopping switch is used for closing the motor of automatic nut huller, and knob switch is used for starting and closing the power of automatic nut huller, and change over switch is used for starting the automatic operation of automatic nut huller. In addition, the core of the STM32 module in the first control cabinet is an STM32 chip as a control core, so that online monitoring and data management of the nut sheller are realized, sensor information on the nut sheller, such as the pressure of an air source, the air inlet pressure of each air cylinder, the rotating speed of each motor and state information of each position sensor are transmitted to the STM32 chip module through TTL protocol communication, the STM32 chip module performs waveform processing and analysis on the collected sensor information and integrates the collected sensor information into production information of the nut sheller, then the production information is transmitted to a local computer through an LwIP protocol for online monitoring on one hand, and is transmitted to a cloud database through a WiFi protocol for data storage on the other hand, meanwhile, the monitoring information of the local computer can also be transmitted to the cloud database through an Ethernet or a WiFi protocol for data storage, so that multi-channel backup storage of data is realized, through such data transfer, on the one hand can be through the data message of SMTP service monitoring nut huller at the control personnel in a long-range, on the other hand, the long-range computer of outer net also can log in the database in high in the clouds through Ethernet or wiFi agreement and realize the control to nut huller, the data monitoring and the remote monitoring of nut huller have been realized like this, under the state of many nut hullers simultaneous operation, the data message of every machine is automatic to be transmitted to the high in the clouds database, then the data monitoring and the remote monitoring of many nut hullers can be realized to the computer through the outer net, the intelligent monitoring of nut huller has been realized.

As a further embodiment of the invention, the frame is mainly formed by welding iron section bars, and a stable supporting frame is formed by arranging the section bars, so that a stable supporting function is provided for other devices on the automatic nut huller.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:

1. the automatic nut huller has the advantages of high automation degree, novel structure, safety, reliability, flexible operation, convenient use, high efficiency and good effect;

2. the automatic nut huller can adapt to the hulling work of nuts with different grades and different diameters, and the completeness rate of hulled nuts is high;

3. the automatic nut huller can automatically realize the full-automatic operation of blanking, feeding, clamping, cutting, hulling, blanking and dust collection of nuts;

4. the automatic nut huller can adapt to nuts of different types and diameters by adjusting the size of a discharge port of the blanking device, has strong compatibility, and can realize disordered nut conveying by the blanking device;

5. the clamping and delivering device of the automatic nut huller can simultaneously realize the clamping and delivering work of nuts and can generate high-speed rotary motion after clamping the nuts to be hulled;

6. the shelling device of the automatic nut shelling machine can simultaneously realize joint cutting and shelling, only the shell of the nut is subjected to joint cutting and shelling in the shelling process, the kernel and the meat are not damaged, the completeness rate of the kernel is improved, and the economic value is improved;

7. the dust suction device of the automatic nut huller can realize that the nut and the shell are jacked down and peripheral shell broken materials are sucked away in an all-around manner;

8. automatic nut huller passes through intelligent control system, has realized the on-line monitoring and the remote monitoring of nut huller, under the state that many nut hullers were moved simultaneously, the data information of every machine conveys the high in the clouds database automatically, then can realize the data monitoring and the remote monitoring of many nut hullers through the computer of outer net, has realized the intelligent monitoring of nut huller.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the nut shelling process of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a blanking device in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the tray assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a blanking assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotating assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the grasping assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure at another angle in fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pick-and-place module of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the hulling apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an opening assembly according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the hulling assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the dust suction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a confluence valve in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the construction of the dust collecting container of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a schematic view of the construction of the vacuum cleaner assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second control cabinet according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a control system apparatus according to the present invention.

In the figure: the blanking device 1, the clamping and delivering device 2, the hulling device 3, the dust collector 4, the control system device 5, the frame 6, the support frame assembly 11, the tray assembly 12 and the blanking assembly 13, the clamping assembly 21, the rotating assembly 22, the delivering assembly 23, the support frame 31, the opening assembly 32, the hulling assembly 33, the dust collecting container 41, the dust collecting assembly 42, the confluence valve 43, the blanking disc 44, the first control cabinet 51, the second control cabinet 52, the blanking disc 121, the adjusting rod 122, the U-shaped block 123, the motor 221, the third rotating shaft 222, the driving sprocket 223, the chain 224, the tensioning wheel 225, the driven sprocket 226, the working platform 227, the second cylinder 231, the third cylinder 232, the second cylinder connecting plate 233, the third cylinder connecting plate 234, the support frame 235, the cylinder floating connector 236, the first guide rail 237, the second guide rail 238, the slide block 239, the receiving end 411, the outlet end 412, the first connecting plate 421, the second cylinder connecting plate, Air cylinder 422, second connecting plate 423, clamping seat 424, round tube 425, tip 426, position sensor 427, bus input end 431, bus output end 432, display screen 521, emergency stop switch 522, start switch 523, stop switch 524, knob switch 525, change-over switch 526, blanking inclined surface 1211, blanking tip 1212, blanking groove 1213, discharge port 1214, motor 1301, driving pulley 1302, driven pulley 1303, synchronous belt 1304, first bearing 1305, second bearing seat 1306, driving rod 1307, driven rod 1308, first chain wheel 1309, second chain wheel 1310, chain 1311, blanking block 1312, adjusting block 1313, baffle 2101, clamping block 2102, connecting block 2103, connecting plate 2104, first air cylinder 2105, first rotating shaft 2106, pressing plate 2107, bottom plate 2108, bearing seat 2109, second rotating shaft 2110, rotating plate 2111, spring 2112, locking nut 2113, supporting plate 2114, adjusting screw 2115, motor 3201, motor 3202 mounting plate 2112, A driving pulley 3203, a driven pulley 3204, a transmission belt 3205, a belt cover 3206, a rotating shaft 3207, a bearing seat 3208, a sleeve 3209, a collar 3210, a rotating blade 3211, a guide block 3212, a fixed blade 3213, a connecting rod 3214, a regulating block 3215, a motor 3301, a speed reducer 3302, a connecting plate 3303, a coupling 3304, a shaft sleeve 3305, a first thrust bearing 3306, a second thrust bearing 3307, a cutter head 3308, a blade 3309, a first cylinder 3310, a second cylinder 3311, a push plate 3312, and a position sensor 3313.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and related embodiments, wherein the following related embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for better illustrating the present invention itself, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention relates to the related essential parts in the technical field, which should be regarded as the known technology in the technical field and can be known and grasped by those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of sub-description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; furthermore, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; thus, the definitions "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly including one or more of such features.

Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, when an automatic nut sheller works, nuts with unlimited number are put into a tray assembly 12 for a blanking device, because the periphery and the middle of the tray assembly 12 are both in an inclined plane structure, the nuts roll down along the inclined plane of the tray assembly 12, the nuts at the bottommost arrive at a blanking groove 1213 and then fall into a groove of a blanking block 1312, at this time, the blanking device is started, a motor 1301 rotates to drive a driving pulley 1302 to rotate, then the speed of the motor is reduced through a synchronous belt 1304 and a driven pulley 1303 to drive a first chain wheel 1309 to rotate, the first chain wheel 1309 rotates to drive a chain 1311 and a second chain wheel 1310 to rotate, so as to drive the blanking block 1312 on the chain 1311 to rotate, the nuts on the blanking block are conveyed forward to reach a discharge hole 1214, due to the action of an adjusting rod 122, only one nut of each chain conveying device can exit 1214, after the discharge port 1214, the blanking block 1312 is turned over due to the circumferential rotation of the chain 1311, so that nuts leave the blanking block 1312 to fall due to the gravity action of the nuts, and then the next procedure is performed, the tightness of the chain 1311 can be adjusted through the adjusting block 1313, when the nuts are required to be added to the blanking device, the device does not need to be stopped, and only the nuts are directly put into the blanking device 1.

Referring to fig. 2, 6, 7, 8 and 9, for the picking and delivering device 2, the nuts conveyed from the blanking device 1 fall on the baffle 2101, then the first cylinder 2105 retracts to clamp the nuts, when the motor 221 moves, the chain 224 is driven to move, so as to drive the driven sprocket 226 to rotate, thereby driving the nuts to rotate unidirectionally, when the second cylinder 231 moves forward, the picking assembly 21 on the working platform 227 can be driven to move forward by one stage, and further the nut cutting motion of the next process is performed, when the third cylinder 232 moves forward, the picking assembly 21 on the working platform 227 is driven to move forward by two stages, and further the nut shelling motion of the next process is performed, after the subsequent nut shelling motion is completed, the second cylinder 231 and the third cylinder 232 drive the working platform 227 to retract, and returning to the initial position, waiting for the next stroke, and circulating.

Referring to fig. 2, 10, 11 and 12, for the hulling device 3, the nuts to be cut, which are clamped by the manipulator in the kernel taking machine clamping and feeding device 2, are fed above the rotary blade 3211, the motor 3201 rotates to drive the transmission belt 3205 to move, so as to drive the rotary shaft 3207 to rotate in a single direction, the rotary motion of the rotary shaft 3207 drives the rotary blade 3211 to rotate in a single direction, due to the action of the cutter teeth, the shells of the nuts are sawn, so that the nuts leave a circumferential cut, further, the manipulator clamping device feeds the cut nuts above the fixed blade 3213, so as to embed the cut of the nuts into the fixed blade 3213, and then the first cylinder 3310 and the second cylinder 3311 simultaneously extend to move, so that the blade 3309 is embedded into the cut of the nuts, and the second motor 3301 rotates to drive the reducer 3302 to decelerate, the torque is increased, so that the rotating shaft 3314 rotates and drives the shaft sleeve 3305 and the cutter head 3308 to rotate, and finally the blade 3309 in the nut cutting slot rotates with large torque, and the nut is rotated, so that the shell is separated from the nut, and the shelling is completed, and then the first air cylinder 3310, the second air cylinder 3311 and the cutter head 3308 return to the initial positions, wait for the next stroke, and so on.

Referring to fig. 2, 13, 14, 15 and 16, in the dust collector 4, when the nut sheller shells the nuts, the nuts and the shells are separated, and when the nut shells are cut by the cutter, a certain number of shell fragments are generated, at this time, the external suction pump 433 is started, the suction pump 433 exhausts the air through the confluence valve 43, so that the dust collection container 41 and the dust collection assembly 42 exhausts the air, so that the shell fragments falling to the dust collection container 41 are sucked away, and in the dust collection assembly 42, after the nuts are shelled by the sheller, the slider on the air cylinder 422 moves forward, so that the circular tube 425 moves forward, and finally the tip 426 pushes against the nuts, so that the nuts and the shells roll down to the blanking tray 44 to one side, so that the nuts and the shells are prevented from rolling back to the cutter to damage the nuts, and at the same time, the circular tube 425 sucks the shell fragments around the nuts, and after the work is completed, the circular tube 425 returns to the initial position, wait for the next trip, and cycle through.

Referring to fig. 2, 17 and 18, for the control system device 5, a display screen 521 is used to display status information of the automatic nut huller, such as the pressure of the gas source, the gas inlet pressure of each cylinder, the rotation speed of each motor, the status of each sensor, and production information of the number of nuts to be hulled at the discharging device, the number of hulled nuts, and the like, and various control parameters of the automatic nut huller can be set through the display screen 521. The scram switch 522 is used for scram operation of the machine, the start switch 523 is used for starting the motor of the automatic nut sheller, the stop switch 524 is used for turning off the motor of the automatic nut sheller, the knob switch 525 is used for starting and turning off the power supply of the automatic nut sheller, and the change-over switch 526 is used for starting automatic operation of the automatic nut sheller. The STM32 chip module transmits the data information collected by the nut sheller to the cloud database or the local computer, the monitoring information of the local computer can be transmitted to the cloud database for data storage through an Ethernet or WiFi protocol, so that multi-channel backup storage of data is realized, through the data transmission, on one hand, a remote monitoring person can monitor the data information of the nut sheller through SMTP service, on the other hand, a remote computer of an extranet can log in the cloud database through the Ethernet or WiFi protocol to realize the monitoring of the nut sheller, so that the data monitoring and remote monitoring of the nut sheller are realized, under the state that a plurality of nut shellers run simultaneously, the data information of each machine is automatically transmitted to the cloud database, and then the data monitoring and remote monitoring of the plurality of nut shellers can be realized through the computer of the extranet, the intelligent monitoring of the nut huller is realized.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic nut huller characterized in that: the feeding device comprises a blanking device (1), a clamping and sending device (2), a shelling device (3), a dust collecting device (4), a control system device (5) and a rack (6), wherein the blanking device (1) is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top end of the rack (6), the blanking device (1) is fixedly connected with the clamping and sending device (2) fixedly arranged below the blanking device (1) through a blanking assembly (13), the shelling device (3) is fixedly arranged above one side of the clamping and sending device (2), the dust collecting device (4) is fixedly arranged below one side of the clamping and sending device (2), and the control system device (5) is fixedly arranged on the front side of the rack (6);

the blanking device (1) comprises a support frame assembly (11), a material tray assembly (12) and a blanking assembly (13), wherein the support frame assembly (11) is a support part, the material tray assembly (12) is fixed on the support frame assembly (11) through clamping, and the blanking assembly (13) is embedded in the support frame assembly (11);

the clamping and sending device (2) comprises a clamping assembly (21), a rotating assembly (22) and a sending assembly (23), wherein the rotating assembly (22) is arranged on the clamping assembly (21), and the sending assembly (23) is arranged below the clamping assembly (21) and the rotating assembly (22) and reciprocates through the pushing clamping assembly (21) and the rotating assembly (22);

the shelling device (3) comprises a support frame (31), an opening assembly (32) and a shelling assembly (33), the support frame (31) is formed by welding profile steels and plays a role in fixing the opening assembly (32) and the shelling assembly (33), the opening assembly (32) is installed on the support frame (31), and the shelling assembly (33) is also installed on the support frame (31);

the dust collection device (4) comprises a dust collection container (41), a dust collection assembly (42), a confluence valve (43) and a blanking disc (44), the dust collection container (41) is installed at the bottom of the hulling device (3), the dust collection assembly (42) is installed at the front end of a cutter of the hulling device (3), the confluence valve (43) is installed on the rack (6), and the blanking disc (44) is arranged below the dust collection assembly (42);

the control system device (5) comprises a first control cabinet (51) and a second control cabinet (52), the first control cabinet (51) is fixed on the rack (6) through bolts, and the second control cabinet (52) is fixed on the rack (6) through hooks and screws.

2. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: the support frame assembly (11) is formed by welding iron sectional materials, the tray assembly (12) comprises a blanking tray (121), an adjusting rod (122) and a U-shaped block (123), the blanking tray (121) comprises a blanking inclined plane (1211), a blanking tip portion (1212), a blanking groove (1213) and a discharge port (1214), the blanking inclined plane (1211) is formed by welding stainless steel plates, the periphery of the blanking inclined plane is in a funnel shape, two surfaces of the blanking tip portion (1212) are inclined planes, the two inclined planes are combined into a tip portion, the blanking groove (1213) is in a rectangular strip shape, the discharge port (1214) is the outlet position of nuts to be shelled, the adjusting rod (122) is used for adjusting the size of the discharge port (1214), the U-shaped groove is formed in the U-shaped block (123), the U-shaped groove is fixedly connected with the adjusting rod (122) through a bolt, and the blanking assembly (13) comprises a motor (1301), a driving belt wheel (1302, The automatic feeding device comprises a driven pulley (1303), a synchronous belt (1304), a first bearing seat (1305), a second bearing seat (1306), a driving rod (1307), a driven rod (1308), a first chain wheel (1309), a second chain wheel (1310), a chain (1311), a blanking block (1312) and an adjusting block (1313), wherein the motor (1301) is a stepping motor or a servo motor, the driving pulley (1302) is in key connection with an input shaft of the motor (1301), the driven pulley (1303) is in key connection with the driving rod (1307), the synchronous belt (1304) is sleeved on the driving pulley (1302) and the driven pulley (1303), the first bearing seat (1305) and the second bearing seat (1306) are respectively and fixedly installed on a support frame assembly (11), the first bearing seat (1305) is connected with the driving rod (1307), and the second bearing seat (1306) is connected with the driven rod (1308), the driving rod (1307) and the driven rod (1308) are respectively fixed with a first chain wheel (1309) and a second chain wheel (1310) with unlimited number through flat keys, the first chain wheel (1309) and the second chain wheel (1310) are sleeved with a chain (1311) with proper length, each chain link on the chain (1311) is correspondingly fixed with a blanking block (1312) through a bolt, the blanking block (1312) is in a block shape, an arc groove is formed in the middle of the blanking block, and the blanking block (1312) is in contact communication with the blanking groove (1213).

3. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: the clamping assembly (21) comprises a baffle plate (2101), a clamping block (2102), a connecting block (2103), a connecting plate (2104), a first air cylinder (2105), a first rotating shaft (2106), a pressing plate (2107), a bottom plate (2108), a bearing seat (2109), a second rotating shaft (2110), a rotating plate (2111), a spring (2112), a locking nut (2113), a supporting plate (2114) and an adjusting screw (2115), wherein the baffle plate (2101) is arranged below the clamping block (2102), the connecting block (2103) is fixedly connected with the clamping block (2102) through bolts, the first rotating shaft (2106) is fixedly connected with the connecting block (2103), the first air cylinder (2105) is a pneumatic finger air cylinder, the two connecting plates (2104) are mounted at the front end of the first air cylinder, the connecting plate (2104) is fixedly connected with the connecting block (2103) through bearings, the pressing plate (2107) fixes the first air cylinder (2105) through bolts, and the bottom plate (2108) is fixedly connected with the clamping assembly (23) through bolts, the bearing seat (2109) is arranged on a bottom plate (2108), a second rotating shaft (2110) is arranged in the bearing seat, a spring (2112) is arranged on the bottom plate (2108), a rotating plate (2111) is pressed above the spring, the rotating plate (2111) is tightly pressed through a locking nut (2113), a supporting plate (2114) is further arranged at the front end of the rotating plate (2111), a first rotating shaft (2106) is arranged in the supporting plate (2114), an adjusting screw (2115) is arranged on a pressing plate (2107) through threads, the bottom end of the adjusting screw (2115) props against the bottom plate (2108), the rotating assembly (22) comprises a motor (221), a third rotating shaft (222), a driving chain wheel (223), a chain (224), a tension wheel (225), a driven chain wheel (226) and a working platform (227), the motor (221) is a direct-current speed reducing motor or a stepping motor and is arranged on the working platform (227), and a third rotating shaft (222) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (, the third rotating shaft (222) is provided with a plurality of driving sprockets (223) at intervals, the first rotating shaft (2106) of the clamping assembly (21) is provided with a driven sprocket (226), the chain (224) is sleeved on the driving sprocket (223) and the driven sprocket (226), the feeding assembly (23) comprises a second cylinder (231), a third cylinder (232), a second cylinder connecting plate (233), a third cylinder connecting plate (234), a support frame (235), a cylinder floating connector (236), a first guide rail (237), a second guide rail (238) and a sliding block (239), the second cylinder (231) is fixedly connected with a working platform (227) on the clamping assembly (21) through the second cylinder connecting plate (233), the third cylinder (232) is connected with the support frame (235) through the third cylinder connecting plate (234), and the second cylinder (231) and the third cylinder (232) are connected into a whole through the cylinder floating connector (236), the first guide rail (237) and the second guide rail (238) are respectively arranged on two sides of the support frame (235), a plurality of sliding blocks (239) are assembled on the first guide rail (237) and the second guide rail (238), and the working platform (227) is fixedly connected to the sliding blocks (239).

4. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame (31) is made of iron type steel materials, the opening component (32) comprises a motor (3201), a motor mounting plate (3202), a driving belt pulley (3203), a driven belt pulley (3204), a transmission belt (3205), a belt cover (3206), a rotating shaft (3207), a bearing seat (3208), a sleeve (3209), a sleeve ring (3210), a rotating blade (3211), a guide block (3212), a fixed blade (3213), a connecting rod (3214) and an adjusting block (3215), the motor (3201) is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting plate (3202), the motor mounting plate (3202) is fixedly mounted on the supporting frame (31), the driving belt pulley (3203) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (3201), the driven belt pulley (3204) is arranged on the rotating shaft (3207), the driving belt pulley (3203) and the driven belt pulley (3204) are sleeved with the transmission belt (3205), the belt cover (3206) is used for covering the motor (3201) and the transmission belt (3205), bearing seats (3208) are assembled at two ends of the rotating shaft (3207), the bearing seats (3208) are fixed on the supporting frame (31), meanwhile, a plurality of rotating blades (3211) are installed on the rotating shaft (3207) at intervals, the rotating blades (3211) are circular, cutter teeth are arranged on the circumferential direction, lantern rings (3210) and sleeves (3209) are sleeved on two sides of each rotating blade (3211), a slot is formed in the middle of each guide block (3212), the fixed blades (3213) are fixed on one side of each guide block (3212), each connecting rod (3214) is used for fixing a plurality of guide blocks (3212), the shelling component (33) comprises a motor (3301), a speed reducer (3302), a connecting plate (3303), a coupler (3304), a shaft sleeve (3305), a first thrust bearing (3306), a second thrust bearing (3307), The cutter head (3308), the blade (3309), the first cylinder (3310), the second cylinder (3311), the push plate (3312) and the position sensor (3313) constitute, install a plurality of shelling components (33) on the support frame (31), the number of shelling components (33) is corresponding with opening component (32), the output shaft of motor (3301) and the input shaft fixed connection of reduction gear (3302), reduction gear (3302) passes through the bolt and installs on connecting plate (3303), connecting plate (3303) and support frame (31) fixed assembly, the output shaft of reduction gear (3302) is connected with one end of shaft coupling (3304), shaft coupling (3304) is connected with the pivot, the pivot outside cover has shaft sleeve (3305) that can move up and down, the cutter head (3308) passes through push plate (3312) and is fixed connection with shaft sleeve (3305), cutter head (3308) is embedded to have blade (3309), the push plate (3312) is embedded to have a bearing, outside both ends are equipped with first thrust bearing (3306) and second thrust bearing (3307), and wherein first thrust bearing (3306) are located one side of axle sleeve (3305), and second thrust bearing (3307) are located one side of cutter head (3308), the both sides of connecting plate (3303) are equipped with symmetrical structure's first cylinder (3310) and second cylinder (3311), and first cylinder (3310) and second cylinder (3311) are two pole cylinders, its expansion plate and push pedal (3312) fixed connection, position sensor (3313) are used for judging the vertical position of cutter head (3308).

5. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: the dust collection container (41) comprises a receiving end (411) and an outlet end (412), the receiving end (411) is semicircular, a round hole is formed in the bottom of the receiving end, the outlet end (412) is in a round pipe shape, one end of the receiving end is welded and sealed with the round hole in the bottom of the receiving end (411), the other end of the receiving end is connected with a plastic pipeline, the dust collection component (42) comprises a first connecting plate (421), a cylinder (422), a second connecting plate (423), clamping seats (424), a round pipe (425), a tip portion (426) and a position sensor (427), mounting plates on two sides of the cylinder (422) are mounted on the first connecting plate (421), a sliding block of the cylinder (422) is fixedly assembled with the second connecting plate (423), the second connecting plate (423) is provided with a plurality of clamping seats (424), each clamping seat (424) is fixedly assembled with the round pipe (425), the tip portion (426) is mounted at the front end of the, the point part (426) is pointed, the position sensor (427) is used for judging the position of the movement of the cylinder (422), the confluence valve (43) comprises a confluence input end (431) and a confluence output end (432), the confluence input end (431) is composed of a plurality of pipeline interfaces, a plastic pipeline connected with the outlet end (412) and a plastic pipeline connected with a circular pipe (425) are connected with the pipeline interfaces of the confluence input end (431), the confluence output end (432) and the plurality of plastic pipelines converged by the confluence input end (431) form a channel, an air suction pump is connected to the outside of the confluence output end (432), the blanking disc (44) is of a disc-shaped structure, the top end of the blanking disc is fixedly connected with the rack (6), the bottom surface of the blanking disc is an inclined plane, and a plurality of groove positions are formed.

6. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: a display screen (521), an emergency stop switch (522), a start switch (523), a stop switch (524), a knob switch (525) and a switch (526) are installed outside the second control cabinet (52), an STM32 module in the first control cabinet (51) takes an STM32 chip as a control core to realize online monitoring and data management of the nut huller, sensor information on the nut huller is transmitted to the STM32 chip module through TTL protocol communication, the STM32 chip module performs waveform processing and analysis on the collected sensor information to be integrated into production information of the nut huller, the production information is transmitted to a local computer through an LwIP protocol to perform online monitoring, and is transmitted to a cloud database through a WiFi protocol to perform data storage, and meanwhile, the monitoring information of the local computer can also be transmitted to the cloud database through the Ethernet or the WiFi protocol to perform data storage, realize the backup of multichannel of data and preserve, through such data transfer, on the one hand the monitoring personnel in the distant place can be through the data message of SMTP service monitoring nut huller, on the other hand, the long-range computer of outer net also can log in the database realization to the nut huller in the high in the clouds through Ethernet or wiFi agreement, under the state of many nut hullers simultaneous operation, the data message of every machine is automatic to be transmitted to the high in the clouds database, then the data monitoring and the remote monitoring of many nut hullers can be realized to the computer through the outer net.

7. The automated nut sheller of claim 1, wherein: the rack (6) is mainly formed by welding iron sectional materials, and a stable supporting frame is formed by placing the sectional materials.