CN111278758A

CN111278758A - Safety device and elevator with same

Info

Publication number: CN111278758A
Application number: CN201780096356.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 福田敏行; 久保洋辅
Original assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-16
Filing date: 2017-11-16
Publication date: 2020-06-12
Also published as: JPWO2019097635A1; WO2019097635A1; JP6834022B2

Abstract

Provided is a safety device for an elevator, which can make a wedge block operate by a relatively simple structure. A safety device for an elevator, which stops a car by engaging a wedge with an emergency stop device and gripping a guide rail when the elevator car moves up and down to reach an abnormal speed, the safety device comprising: an abnormal speed detection device that detects an abnormal speed of the car; a drive shaft that is linked with the wedge block; an actuator that applies a driving force to the drive shaft; and a spring that applies an urging force to the drive shaft, wherein when the car is less than an abnormal speed, the wedge and the safety device are brought into a non-engagement state against the urging force of the spring by a driving force of the actuator, and when the car reaches the abnormal speed, the actuator is de-energized, and the wedge and the safety device are brought into an engagement state by the urging force applied by the spring, thereby gripping the guide rail.

Description

Safety device and elevator with same

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a safety device for performing an emergency stop when a car reaches an abnormal speed, and an elevator provided with the safety device.

Background

As a background art in this field, there is patent document 1. In claim 1 of patent document 1, "a safety device for an elevator, comprising: an emergency stop device which is provided on a lifting body and generates a braking force for the lifting body by rotating around a working shaft; an auxiliary motor provided to the elevating body and generating a torque for restoring the emergency stop device; and a power transmission mechanism that transmits torque generated by the assist motor to the working shaft.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2012-148883

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, the emergency stop device (safety device) of an elevator described in patent document 1 has the following structure: as a mechanism for generating torque for returning the emergency stop device, an auxiliary motor is used, and the emergency stop device is returned by a power transmission mechanism such as a gear. Therefore, in order to operate the emergency stop, devices different from the auxiliary motor, for example, a governor rope, and a grasping device thereof are required, and there is a problem that the cost of the elevator increases.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for an elevator, which can operate an emergency stop device with a relatively simple structure and can be easily recovered without using a governor or the like.

Means for solving the problems

In order to solve the above problem, a safety device of the present invention is an elevator safety device for stopping a car by engaging a wedge with an emergency stop device and gripping a guide rail when the elevator car moves up and down at an abnormal speed, the safety device including: an abnormal speed detection device that detects an abnormal speed of the car; a drive shaft that is linked with the wedge block; an actuator that applies a driving force to the drive shaft; and a spring that applies an urging force to the drive shaft, wherein when the car is less than an abnormal speed, the wedge and the safety device are brought into a non-engagement state against the urging force of the spring by a driving force of the actuator, and when the car reaches the abnormal speed, the actuator is de-energized, and the wedge and the safety device are brought into an engagement state by the urging force applied by the spring, thereby gripping the guide rail.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator safety device that can operate an emergency stop device with a relatively simple structure without using a governor or the like and that can be easily recovered.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a steady state of the safety device of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power-off state of the safety device of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a stable state of the safety device of embodiment 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power-off state of the safety device of embodiment 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an elevator of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Example 1

First, the overall structure of the elevator of the present invention will be described in general terms using the schematic configuration diagram of fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5, the elevator of the present invention includes a car 1, a counterweight 40, a main rope 50, a traction sheave 60, a guide rail 70, and a safety device 80.

The car 1 provided in the hoistway 110 of the building 100 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown) and slidably engages with the guide rail 70. Therefore, the car 1 is guided by the guide rails 70 and ascends and descends in the ascending and descending passage 110.

The car 1 and the counterweight 40 are suspended by the main ropes 50. The traction sheave 60 is disposed in a machine room 120 provided in the building 100. The main ropes 50 are wound around the traction sheave 60. In addition, a driving device (not shown) for driving and braking the traction sheave 60 is disposed in the machine room 120. The driving apparatus raises and lowers the car 1 and the counterweight 40 by rotating the traction sheave 60 to frictionally drive the main ropes 50.

The safety devices 80 are provided at the upper and lower portions of the car 1, respectively, and grip the guide rail 70 to apply a braking force to the upward and downward movement of the car 1 in an emergency when the upward and downward speed of the car 1 reaches an abnormal speed.

Next, the safety device 80 of embodiment 1 will be described while comparing the steady state and the abnormal state, using the schematic configuration diagrams of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 1 shows a main structure of a safety device 80 provided in an upper portion of a car 1. As shown in the drawing, a battery 2 is mounted on a ceiling portion of a car 1, and an actuator 3 driven by the battery 2 is supported. As a power source of the actuator 3, a motor or a solenoid may be used, but the motor is preferably used in order to reduce the size of the actuator 3.

A gear 4 is coupled to a rotary shaft of the actuator 3. A drive shaft 5 is supported on the ceiling portion of the car 1 so as to be movable up and down, and the drive shaft 5 having teeth meshing with the gear 4 is biased upward by a spring 6.

The drive shaft 5 extends below the car 1, and one end of a V-bar 7 is connected to a lower end of the drive shaft 5. The V-bar 7 is a bar whose angle is fixed on both sides, and is supported by a rotating shaft 7A provided below the car 1 so as to be rotatable in the rotating direction.

A linear rod 8 is provided at a lower portion of the car 1, and the other end of the V-rod 7 and one end of the rod 8 are connected by a link 9. Thereby, the lever 8 is interlocked with the V-lever 7 and supported by a rotary shaft 8A provided at a lower portion of the car 1 so as to be rotatable.

The other end of the V-bar 7 is connected to the upper end of a pulling-up rod 10a, and the lower end of the pulling-up rod 10a is connected to a wedge 11 a. The lifting rod 10a supports the safety device 12a fixed to the lower part of the car 1, and the lower end of the lifting rod 10a is fixed to the wedge 11 a.

Similarly, the other end of the rod 8 is connected to the upper end of a pulling-up rod 10b, and the lower end of the pulling-up rod 10b is connected to a wedge 11 b. The lifting rod 10b supports the safety device 12b fixed to the lower part of the car 1, and the lower end of the lifting rod 10b is fixed to the wedge 11 b.

As is clear from the above description, since the biasing force of the spring 6 is transmitted to the

wedges

11a and 11b via the link devices such as the drive shaft 5, the V-rod 7, the rod 8, the link 9, and the pull-

up rods

10a and 10b, the

wedges

11a and 11b are always biased upward.

However, in the steady state shown in fig. 1, the actuator 3 is rotated counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow, and the gear 4 of the actuator 3 acts on the teeth of the drive shaft 5 to push the drive shaft 5 downward against the urging force of the spring 6, so that the

wedges

11a and 11b and the

safety devices

12a and 12b are kept in a non-engaged state.

Next, the operation of the safety device 80 when the elevating speed of the car 1 reaches an abnormal speed will be described with reference to fig. 2.

When the abnormal speed detection device 16 provided in the machine room 120 or the like detects that the elevator car 1 has risen to an abnormal speed (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed), the power supply to the actuator 3 is stopped and the power is turned off.

When the actuator 3 is de-energized, the force holding the drive shaft 5 at the lower position against the spring 6 disappears, and therefore, as shown in fig. 2, the drive shaft 5 is pulled up by the restoring force of the spring 6. As a result, the V-bar 7 rotates clockwise about the rotation axis 7A, and the pulling rod 10a connected to the V-bar 7 is pulled upward, and as a result, the wedge 11a is pulled upward and engaged with the emergency stop device 12 a.

Further, the clockwise rotation of the V-lever 7 is transmitted to the lever 8 via the link 9, and the lever 8 is rotated counterclockwise about the rotation shaft 8A. As a result, the pulling rod 10b is pulled upward, and the wedge 11b engages with the safety device 12 b.

When the car 1 reaches an abnormal speed in this way, the wedge 11 engages with the safety device 12, so that the safety device 80 can grip the guide rail 70 and apply a braking force to the car 1, and as a result, the car 1 is brought into a stopped state.

On the other hand, when returning from the state of fig. 2, the wedge 11 and the safety device 12 can be brought into a non-engagement state only by supplying power to the actuator 3, rotating the gear 4 in the arrow direction of fig. 1, and pushing down the drive shaft 5 against the spring 6, so that the grip of the guide rail 70 by the safety device 80 can be released.

The actions returning from fig. 2 to fig. 1 are explained in detail. The V-bar 7 rotates counterclockwise about the rotation axis 7A, and pushes down the pulling rod 10a connected to the V-bar 7, as a result of which the wedge 11a is released from the emergency stop device 12 a. Further, the counterclockwise rotation of the V-lever 7 is transmitted to the lever 8 via the link 9, and the lever 8 is rotated clockwise about the rotation shaft 8A. Therefore, the pulling-up bar 10b is pushed down, the wedge 11b is released from the emergency stop device 12b, and the state shown in fig. 1 is again achieved.

In the configuration of the present embodiment, since the actuator 3 is provided with the battery 2, the actuator 3 can be operated even when the commercial power supply is in a power failure state, and therefore, the stopped car 1 can be returned to a movable state, and a rescue operation to move to the nearest floor and the like can be performed.

The above-described embodiments are illustrative in principle, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the illustrated configurations. In either case, a link device is provided which is biased in a pulled-up state by a spring 6 to engage the

wedges

11a, 11b with the

safety devices

12a, 12b, and in a steady state, the

wedges

11a, 11b are held in a state of not engaging with the

safety devices

12a, 12b against the spring 6 by the actuator 3, while when the abnormal speed detection device 16 detects an abnormal speed of the car 1, the actuator 3 is deenergized, and the

wedges

11a, 11b are pulled up by the spring 6 via the link device to engage with the

safety devices

12a, 12 b.

According to this configuration, since the

wedges

11a and 11b are biased in the upward direction by the spring 6, the

wedges

11a and 11b can be operated by a simple configuration using a spring force. Further, since the

emergency stop devices

12a and 12b and the

chocks

11a and 11b do not need to be brought into an engaged state by a conventional governor rope, field installation work using the governor rope is not required, and the work can be simplified.

In the present embodiment, the actuator 3 is provided at the upper part of the car 1, and the battery 2 for driving the actuator 3 at the time of power failure is provided at the upper part of the car 1. According to such a configuration, even if the actuator 3 or the battery 2 fails, the operator can easily repair or replace the component by entering the upper portion of the car 1, thereby improving reliability.

According to the elevator safety device of the embodiment described above, since the wedge is biased in the upward direction by the spring, the wedge can be operated by the spring force with a simple configuration. Further, since it is not necessary to bring the emergency stop device and the wedge into the engaged state by the conventional governor rope, the field installation work using the governor rope is not necessary, and the work can be simplified.

Example 2

Next, the stable state and the abnormal state of the safety device 80 of the elevator of embodiment 2 will be described using the schematic configuration diagrams of fig. 3 and 4.

Fig. 3 shows a main structure of a safety device 80 provided in a lower portion of the car 1, and as shown in the drawing, the present embodiment is an example in which the actuator 3, the gear 4, and the battery 2 are disposed in the lower portion of the car 1. The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1 described above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

By disposing the actuator 3, the gear 4, and the battery 2 at the lower portion of the car 1 in this manner, the height of the upper side of the car 1 can be reduced, and the height of the top floor of the hoistway can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments are described in detail to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not limited to having all of the described configurations. In addition, a part of the structure of the embodiment can be replaced with the structure of another embodiment.

Description of reference numerals:

1 car, 2 storage batteries, 3 actuators, 4 gears, 5 drive shafts, 6 springs, 7V rods, 8 rods, 7A and 8A rotating shafts, 9 connecting rods, 10a and 10b lifting rods, 11a and 11b wedges, 12a and 12b emergency stop devices, 16 abnormal speed detection devices, 40 balance weights, 50 main ropes, 60 traction sheaves, 70 guide rails, 80 safety devices, 100 buildings, 110 lifting channels and 120 machine rooms.

Claims

1. A safety device for an elevator, which stops a car by engaging a wedge with an emergency stop device and gripping a guide rail when the elevator car moves up and down to reach an abnormal speed,

the safety arrangement of the elevator is characterized in that,

the safety device of the elevator comprises:

an abnormal speed detection device that detects an abnormal speed of the car;

a drive shaft that is linked with the wedge block;

an actuator that applies a driving force to the drive shaft; and

a spring that applies a force to the drive shaft,

when the car is less than an abnormal speed, the wedge and the emergency stop device are in a non-engagement state against the urging force of the spring by the driving force of the actuator,

when the car reaches an abnormal speed, the actuator is de-energized, and the wedge and the safety device are brought into an engaged state by the biasing force of the spring, thereby gripping the guide rail.

2. A safety device for an elevator, which stops a car by pulling up a wedge and engaging with an emergency stop device when the car reaches an abnormal speed,

the safety arrangement of the elevator is characterized in that,

the safety device of the elevator is formed as,

a link device is provided, the link device is forced by a spring in an upward pulling direction to enable the wedge block to be clamped to the emergency stop device,

in a steady state, pulling down the wedge from the emergency stop device to a non-engaged state and holding the wedge by an actuator against the spring,

on the other hand, when the car reaches an abnormal speed, the actuator is de-energized, and the wedge is pulled up by the spring via the link device to be engaged with the safety device.

3. Safety arrangement of an elevator according to claim 1 or 2,

the safety device of the elevator is provided with a battery for driving the actuator.

4. Safety arrangement of an elevator according to claim 3,

the actuator and the battery are provided on an upper portion of the car.

5. Safety arrangement of an elevator according to claim 3,

the actuator and the battery are provided at a lower portion of the car.

6. An elevator is characterized in that the elevator is provided with a lifting device,

the elevator is provided with:

a car disposed in the lift path;

a counterweight;

a main rope that suspends the car and the counterweight;

a traction sheave around which the main rope is wound;

a driving device for braking the traction sheave;

a guide rail that guides the lift of the car; and

safety device of an elevator according to claim 1 or 2.