CN111278719B - 包括电活性元件的用于人机界面的控制设备 - Google Patents

包括电活性元件的用于人机界面的控制设备 Download PDF

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CN111278719B
CN111278719B CN201880059728.8A CN201880059728A CN111278719B CN 111278719 B CN111278719 B CN 111278719B CN 201880059728 A CN201880059728 A CN 201880059728A CN 111278719 B CN111278719 B CN 111278719B
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flange ring
active element
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CN111278719A (zh
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托马斯·索普
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Safran Electronics and Defense Cockpit Solutions SAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945Proximity switches
    • H03K17/95Proximity switches using a magnetic detector
    • H03K17/9517Proximity switches using a magnetic detector using galvanomagnetic devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/04703Mounting of controlling member
    • G05G2009/04707Mounting of controlling member with ball joint
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/04703Mounting of controlling member
    • G05G2009/04733Mounting of controlling member with a joint having a nutating disc, e.g. forced by a spring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/0474Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks characterised by means converting mechanical movement into electric signals
    • G05G2009/04744Switches
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/0474Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks characterised by means converting mechanical movement into electric signals
    • G05G2009/04755Magnetic sensor, e.g. hall generator, pick-up coil
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/04766Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks providing feel, e.g. indexing means, means to create counterforce
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G9/04785Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement
    • G05G9/04788Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement comprising additional control elements
    • G05G9/04792Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement comprising additional control elements for rotary control around the axis of the controlling member
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G9/04785Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement
    • G05G9/04788Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement comprising additional control elements
    • G05G9/04796Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks the controlling member being the operating part of a switch arrangement comprising additional control elements for rectilinear control along the axis of the controlling member

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于人机界面的控制设备,该控制设备包括支座和可相对于支座移动的杆件或推动元件形式的构件(2)。它包括至少一个位于杆件与固定元件之间的电活性元件(12,13)。

Description

包括电活性元件的用于人机界面的控制设备
技术领域
本文献总体上涉及特别是用于飞行器的人机界面,并且更具体地涉及用于这种界面的控制设备。
在一个实施方案中,并且以非限制性的方式,本发明涉及一种用于飞行器驾驶舱的数字面板的人机界面的拨动开关或操纵杆(有利地霍尔效应)类型的控制设备。
背景技术
事实上,飞行器驾驶舱控制面板设置有一定数量的控制旋钮,飞行员可以手动操纵这些旋钮,以对嵌入在飞行器上的系统执行一种或多种控制。新一代的控制旋钮有利地具备霍尔效应,并且为此目的结合了在操纵控制设备时被控制位置的双极元件和由霍尔效应传感器组成的用于检测由双极元件发射的磁场的装置,所述霍尔效应传感器确保由双极元件发射的磁场的测量。
在这方面可以参考文献FR 3 036 842,其描述了用于飞行器驾驶舱人机界面的具有霍尔效应的通用控制旋钮。
拨动开关或操纵杆通常包括手柄,该手柄的轴可根据相一个或多个自由度对于支座移动。
在操纵杆的情况下,所述轴可通过指式球形接头类型的连杆根据两个自由度相对于支座移动。因此,所述轴例如能够根据两个轴线倾斜。手柄也可以安装在支座上,以绕其自身的轴旋转,从而允许通过球形接头类型的连杆根据第三自由度来操纵手柄。通过允许手柄通过线性-环形类型的连杆根据推-推类型的移动而移位,可以获得第四自由度。
在文献US-B-7,362,307中,手柄被安装在支座上,并且具有一个或多个弹性体元件以便将其压入休止位置。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述,本发明的一个目的是提出一种用于人机界面的控制设备,其使用是可配置的。
因此,本发明的主题是一种用于人机界面的控制设备,该控制设备包括支座和可相对于该支座移动的手柄或推进器类型的构件,以及介设在所述构件与一固定元件之间的至少一个电活性元件。
因此,通过提供作用在设备的可移动构件上的电活性元件,可以将控制设备迫入一个或多个位置。因此,该控制设备可以具有若干稳定的位置。
还可以将控制设备配置为禁止一个或多个自由度。
此外,电活性元件的存在使得受控系统可以通过激活电活性元件来控制设备,该电活性元件禁止或阻止一位置,但是也维持或激活可移动构件的位置。
因此,优选地,电活性元件构成用于控制所述构件的位置的装置。电活性元件还构成用于检测所述构件的位置的装置。
根据另一特征,可移动构件包括一组至少一个双极磁体,该支座包括用于检测由磁体发射的磁场的装置。
因此,获得了对可移动构件的位置的冗余检测。
当电活性元件可以控制可移动构件的位置时,可以基于霍尔效应磁场检测器提供的信息来稳定其位置。在这些条件下,以与通常对机电元件提出的方式相同的方式重新创建具有稳定位置的部件。
有利地,检测装置适于检测磁体的旋转和/或平移位移。
在一个实施例中,可移动构件包括轴和安装在该轴上的径向环形凸缘环。支座包括位于凸缘环的两侧的一对固定电极,电活性元件包括一组电活性块体,每个电活性块体介设在电极之一和与一凸缘环相联并围绕轴均匀分布的电极之间。
根据另一个特征,电活性元件包括一组电活性圆柱块体,其围绕凸缘环径向地设置、并与凸缘环共面地设置,并且被放置在径向外部电极和内部偏置电极之间。
在该实施例中,控制设备可以包括一组电接触球,每个电接触球介设在凸缘环的周缘与径向内部偏置电极之间。
有利地,凸缘环的周缘具有凹口。它还包括向与凸缘环相联的电极供电的电接触面。
在一个实施例中,该设备包括作用在凸缘环上的两对、每对两个的电活性圆柱块体和两对、每对两个的径向相对的接触球。因此,受控系统可以经由电活性元件的激活来阻止或释放可移动构件的旋转。
在一个有利的实施例中,该设备包括至少一个接近检测器,该接近检测器用于检测是否接近设备并将检测信号提供给控制系统。
此外,根据另一方面,本发明的主题是一种用于控制手柄或推进器类型的可移动构件的方法,其中,激活介设在所述构件与一固定元件之间的至少一个电活性构件,以引起可移动构件的机械状态的变化。此外,根据该方法,借助于所述电活性构件来检测可移动构件的位置。
附图说明
在阅读以下纯粹作为非限制性示例给出并参考附图的描述,本发明的其它目的、特征和优点将变得显而易见,在附图中:
-图1是根据本发明的控制设备的透视图;
-图2是图1的设备的以较大比例并以局部截面示出的透视图;
-图3是图1的设备的剖视侧视图;以及
-图4示出了在致动手柄时的图3的设备。
具体实施方式
在图1至图4中,示出了根据本发明的控制设备,该控制设备由总附图标记1标识,被示出处于假定的竖直使用位置。
在附图所示的示例中,该控制设备构成操纵杆,该操纵杆旨在安装于飞行器驾驶舱的人机界面上。
显然,控制设备旨在装配任何其它类型的界面不会脱离本发明的范围。控制设备采用各种致动运动学并构成例如拨动开关或按钮或一般而言任何类型的手动构件也不会脱离本发明的范围。
如图中所示,设备1包括手柄2和手柄2安装在其上的支座3。支座3包括壳体4,该壳体4设置有一组接触引脚5,例如凹引脚,用于将壳体与接触引脚如底座7的引脚6(这里是凸形引脚)电连接,引脚6被安装在人机界面的印刷电路板的凹形接触引脚上。
在附图所示的示例中,控制设备1构成操纵杆,手柄2安装在轴8上,其可根据箭头F1至F4所示的四个自由度相对于支座移动。
事实上,支座3包括顶部端板9,该顶部端板9包括十字形的导向闸口10,使得轴8被安装成在支座3上绕两个成直角的水平旋转轴线X和Y枢转(箭头F1和F2)。
此外,轴8被安装成可根据竖直轴线Z轴向旋转移动(箭头F3)。最后,其被安装成可沿着竖直轴线Z平移移动(箭头F4)。
显然,引导闸口可以构造成允许手柄沿其它方向枢转。它也可以构造成允许手柄绕其竖直轴线根据360度的角度枢转。
参照图2和3,手柄2的轴8在底座中轴向延伸。它包括环形凸缘环11,该环形凸缘环11在由水平旋转轴线X和Y形成的平面中设置在轴的中部,以便在手柄倾斜时使凸缘绕其中一个轴线X或Y枢转,而没有任何侧向位移分量。
支座3的壳体4就其本身而言包括一组电活性元件12和13,其与中间凸缘环11配合。
在第一实施方案中,电活性元件作用在凸缘环上,以便特别是在将电场施加到凸缘环时使其处于竖直休止位置并限制手柄的一些或全部自由度。
每个电活性元件被放置在电极之间,一个电极固定,另一个电极与凸缘环相联,或者可以在凸缘环的作用下移位,并由电子电路板14供电,以通过在偏置电极之间产生电场来选择性地偏置电活性元件并使每个作用在凸缘环11上的电活性元件产生相应的变形。
在可以与第一实施方案组合的另一实施方案中,电活性元件通过在操纵手柄时经由电极变形而由凸缘环激活,并将检测信号传送至电子电路板14。该信号的处理可以识别已被施加了机械应力的电活性元件,并检测手柄移动的方向和幅度。该实施方案例如可以确保控制设备的致动的检测中的冗余。
电活性元件例如由这样的元件组成——其由聚合物制成(例如由电活性弹性体制成)。在一个实施例中,例如,使用了氟化聚合物,例如PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯),或衍生自PVDF的聚合物。显然,作为一个变型,也可以使用适合于所设想的用途的任何其它类型的材料。
它们可以是压电元件或电致伸缩元件,这些元件根据施加到它们的电场而经历二次变形,使得具有相反符号的电场产生相同的变形。
当使用电活性元件来检测手柄的操纵时,使用压电元件,如果压电元件扩张或压缩,它们会产生电流。
在下文中,并且为了清楚起见,将考虑在第一实施方案中使用电活性元件,在第一实施方案中,向电活性元件施加电场以引起机械变形。然而,以下描述同样适用于第二实施方案。在这种情况下,电子电路板14接收并分析由电活性元件传递的检测信号,以检测手柄的移动和移动的幅度。
在附图所示的实施例中,并且尤其是如在图3中可以看出,支座3在凸缘环11的两侧均包括环形接触盘16和固定在凸缘环11上的阴极环形接触盘17,该环形接触盘16在第一实施方案中是安装在壳体4的顶壁9上的阳极接触盘。阳极圆筒体18围绕凸缘环安装在支座的主体上。
阳极电极是固定的,而阴极电极是可移动的。
然后,电活性元件包括围绕轴8均匀地分布在阳极接触盘16与阴极接触盘17之间的一组块体12,块体例如有8个。
壳体4还包括一组径向电活性圆柱块体19,此处为四个,其围绕凸缘环11均匀地分布在其平面内。它们根据手柄的位移轴线X和Y轴定位。
它们分别置于也连接到板14的两个电接触电极20和21之间,两个电接触电极分别为阳极和阴极。
接触球22介设在每个阴极接触电极21与凸缘环11的外周面之间。
如从图2中可以看出,优选地,该外周面具有凹口,以便允许手柄绕其竖直轴线Z递进地旋转。
参照图3,底座的底座7还结合了电源和处理板23,该处理板23连接到板14。
它包括轴向定位的霍尔效应传感器24,而轴8的自由端设置有一组双极磁体25,该霍尔效应传感器24构成这样的装置:其用于检测由磁体发射的磁场以检测磁体25的旋转和/或平移位移。如上所述,电活性元件可以与传感器24和磁体25形成的组件一起用于允许冗余检测手柄的致动。
该组件由一组接近检测器26补充,该组接近检测器26设置在支座的壳体4的顶板中,并且能够检测特别是用户的手的存在。
这些接近检测器26连接到控制系统并传送检测信号,以便在必要时可以在禁止操纵设备时锁定设备或禁止某些自由度。
电活性元件首先用于通过在致动之后使手柄进入竖直休止位置来将手柄迫入该位置。
事实上,当不对电活性元件施加偏压时,它们根据在轴8上执行的动作而被压缩或扩张。
当涉及枢转时,径向电活性圆柱块体19和块体12被压缩或扩张。当涉及推动或拉动型移动时,仅块体12根据致动方向被压缩或扩张。
手柄的重新定位在电活性元件的弹性作用下自发进行,也可以通过被偏置来进行。
此外,电活性聚合物旨在通过扩张并因此通过禁止旋钮的一个或多个自由度而被控制系统偏置。
可通过偏置电活性元件来阻止一个或多个自由度或所有自由度。
可以响应于从存在检测器26接收的检测信号而激发该限制。
因此,刚才描述的发明使得可以配置操纵杆类型或拨动开关类型或按钮类型的控制设备。
通过作用在电活性元件上以维持、禁止或指示手柄的位置,也可以主动控制设备。
最后,电活性聚合物还可用于检测手柄的操纵。
因此,使用介设在拨动开关类型、操纵杆类型或按钮类型的控制设备的可移动构件之间的电活性元件的本发明使得可以将该控制设备配置成通过适当地向电活性元件发送电脉冲来阻止可移动构件的一个或多个或甚至全部位置。
也可以在没有外部人工干预的情况下操纵移动构件。
也可以使可移动构件返回到休止位置,或者一般而言返回到任何预定的位置。
最终,通过硬化某些电活性元件,从而使一种机动性优先于另一种机动性,可以有利于或另一方面限制对某些机动性的使用。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于人机界面的控制设备,包括支座和能够相对于所述支座移动的手柄或推进器类型的构件(2),其特征在于,所述控制设备包括介设在所述构件与固定元件(16,20)之间的至少一个电活性元件(12,13),所述电活性元件构成用于控制所述构件的位置的控制装置,
其中,能够移动的所述构件包括轴(8)和安装在所述轴上的径向环形凸缘环(11),并且,所述支座包括位于所述凸缘环的任一侧的一对固定电极(16),所述电活性元件包括一组电活性块体(12),每个电活性块体介设在电极之一和与所述凸缘环相连的电极(17)之间并围绕所述轴均匀地分布。
2.如权利要求1所述的控制设备,其中,所述电活性元件构成用于检测所述构件的位置的装置。
3.如权利要求1和2中任一项所述的控制设备,其中,能够移动的所述构件包括一组至少一个双极磁体(25),所述支座包括用于检测由所述磁体发射的磁场的装置(24)。
4.如权利要求2所述的控制设备,其特征在于,检测装置适于检测磁体的旋转和/或平移位移。
5.如权利要求1所述的控制设备,其中,所述电活性元件包括一组电活性圆柱块体(19),其围绕所述凸缘环径向地设置并且与所述凸缘环共面,并且被放置在径向外部偏置电极和径向内部偏置电极(20,21)之间。
6.如权利要求5所述的控制设备,包括一组电接触球(22),每个电接触球(22)介设在所述凸缘环的周缘与径向内部偏置电极(21)之间。
7.如权利要求6所述的控制设备,其中,所述凸缘环的周缘具有凹口。
8.如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的控制设备,包括作用在所述凸缘环上的两对、每对两个的电活性圆柱块体(19)和两对、每对两个的径向相对的接触球(22)。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的控制设备,包括至少一个接近检测器(26),所述接近检测器用于检测是否接近所述设备并将检测信号提供给控制系统。
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