CN1112738C - Fuel batter with proton exchange film - Google Patents
Fuel batter with proton exchange film Download PDFInfo
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- CN1112738C CN1112738C CN99104990A CN99104990A CN1112738C CN 1112738 C CN1112738 C CN 1112738C CN 99104990 A CN99104990 A CN 99104990A CN 99104990 A CN99104990 A CN 99104990A CN 1112738 C CN1112738 C CN 1112738C
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- proton exchange
- exchange membrane
- gas guide
- electrode assembly
- electro
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell which comprises at least one basic cell unit formed by the superposition of two gas flow guiding boards and a membrane electrode complex clamped between the gas flow guiding boards, wherein the electrochemical inactive part of the membrane electrode complex only has a proton exchange membrane of which the width is equivalent to the density of first gas sealing rings on the gas flow guiding boards; the gas sealing rings on the gas flow guiding boards can be composed of two gas sealing rings with different thicknesses. The structure improves the sealing performance and the assembly technology of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and obviously reduces the use quantity of the proton exchange membrane; thereby, the structure lowers the basic cost of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Description
The present invention relates to a proton exchanging film fuel battery.
Fuel cell is the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that a kind of chemical energy with fuel is directly changed into electric energy.Fuel cell, especially Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is except pollution-free when generating electricity, noise hang down, also have no burn into and start fast, many advantages such as preparation is easy, easy to maintenance, power density is big, generating efficiency is high, long service life, therefore in each neighborhoods such as the vehicles, generating equipment, military affairs, submarine, space flight and aviation, wide application prospect is arranged all.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells mainly is made of a plurality of basic battery units.The basic battery unit of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is made up of two gas guide boards and a slice membrane electrode assembly.Membrane electrode assembly is sandwiched in the centre of two gas guide boards.Gas guide board is grouped into by electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion.Corresponding with the electro-chemical activity part and the electrochemistry non-active portion of gas guide board, membrane electrode assembly is grouped into by electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion equally.Electro-chemical activity partly is the heart of fuel cell, is the core that fuel cell carries out the redox generating; And the electrochemistry non-active portion just plays support electro-chemical activity part, and the effect of passage being provided for used gas of fuel cell and cooling water.Electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion on gas guide board are respectively equipped with the air seal circle.The electro-chemical activity of membrane electrode assembly partly forms with proton exchange membrane, catalyst and carbon paper (or carbon cloth) hot pressing together, and its electrochemistry non-active portion then is the proton exchange membrane of exposing.This traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure has the shortcoming of following several respects:
Can expand when 1) proton exchange membrane is met water, can shrink during dehydration.Therefore, in the process of fuel cell power generation, the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly and the size of accomplishing fluently in advance on proton exchange membrane, be used for the pore that uses as passage to gas and water all can change because of the different of water content.These change seals the influence that brings very greatly all can for the required strictness of fuel cell.
2) be in the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly, not only soft, many wrinkle, tearing easily with the junction of carbon paper, and when preserving, the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly must be placed in the deionized water or fill in the container of deionized water, so that can be placed on the centre of two gas guide boards obediently when fuel cell is assembled.This brings very big inconvenience all for industrialization, the large-scale production of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
3) proton exchange membrane is to cause one of expensive reason of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Electrochemistry non-active portion at membrane electrode assembly adopts more proton exchange membrane to be actually a kind of waste.
Based on above various reasons, attempting to improve traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure is to promote one of business-like important process of fuel cell.U.S. Patent No. 5,176,966 disclose a kind of proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure, and traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure is improved.In this proton exchanging film fuel battery, the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly is also compressed together with carbon paper, thereby makes the whole surface (comprising its electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion) of membrane electrode assembly all be covered by carbon paper.The advantage of this proton exchanging film fuel battery be the proton exchange membrane of electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly owing to the support that carbon paper has been arranged has certain rigid, thereby help producing assembling by batch and preserving of membrane electrode assembly.In addition, because the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly is fixed by carbon paper, its size no longer changes because of the difference of water content in the film, thereby has guaranteed the strictness sealing of fuel cell.The disadvantage of this structure is the consumption that has increased carbon paper, thereby the basic cost expense of fuel cell is increased.
U.S. Patent No. 5,464,700 disclose another kind of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.In this proton exchanging film fuel battery, the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly is replaced by common TR thin rubber sheet.The advantage of this kind structure is the consumption that has reduced proton exchange membrane, thereby has reduced the cost of fuel cell.In addition, because rubber is good encapsulant, so the sealing of fuel cell has also obtained further improvement.Yet the shortcoming of this structure is, because sheet rubber is to be embedded between carbon paper electrode and the proton exchange membrane, has influenced contacting of the catalyst in the membrane electrode assembly and proton exchange membrane, thereby made the power generation performance decline of membrane electrode assembly.
U.S. Patent No. 5,514, the structure that 487 disclosed Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cellss adopt is that the electrochemistry non-active portion on the gas guide board is substituted with heat-resisting engineering plastics.The advantage of this structure is to have saved expensive graphite cake material, and the sealing property of fuel cell has also obtained improvement to a certain degree.Yet this structure needs the engineering plastics plate is compressed on the gas guide board, and this technology complexity, difficulty are big, make the manufacturing cost of fuel cell increase, and do not reach the purpose that reduces the fuel cell cost.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a proton exchanging film fuel battery, it can significantly reduce the consumption of proton exchange membrane under the prerequisite that does not reduce its power generation performance, thereby reduce the cost of this fuel cell, and its sealing property and packaging technology can be improved significantly.
For this reason, the invention provides a proton exchanging film fuel battery, it comprises at least one basic battery unit, and described basic battery unit is laminated by two parallel gas guide boards and the membrane electrode assembly that is clipped in therebetween.Membrane electrode assembly and gas guide board are grouped into by electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion, wherein the electro-chemical activity of membrane electrode assembly part is relative with the electro-chemical activity part of gas guide board, and opposite face equal and opposite in direction, the shape of these two active parts are identical.On gas guide board, partly be provided with the first air seal circle around its electro-chemical activity; In the relative both sides of the first air seal circle, the electrochemistry non-active portion that centers on gas guide board is arranged with two second air seal circles.The electro-chemical activity part of membrane electrode assembly is formed by proton exchange membrane, catalyst and carbon paper hot pressing together.The electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly is formed to circumferential expansion by the proton exchange membrane of its electro-chemical activity part, and area, shape that area size after its expansion and face shape and the first air seal circle outward flange are comprised are suitable.The height of the first air seal circle equates with the height of the second air seal circle with half sum of the thickness of proton exchange membrane.
Electrochemistry non-active portion on the gas guide board can be sprayed with insulation, heat-resisting macromolecular material in case of necessity to reach the purpose of insulation fully.
Because in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of the present invention, the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly only equates substantially that by a width and the first air seal circle width proton exchange membrane of (about 8 millimeters) forms, therefore sealing that proton exchange membrane caused and the difficult shortcoming of preservation had both been overcome because of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly, make its sealing property and packaging technology be improved significantly, under the prerequisite that does not reduce its power generation performance, reduce the consumption of proton exchange membrane again, thereby significantly reduced the basic cost of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
Introduce embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
Fig. 1 represents that the basic battery unit of proton exchange membrane fuel of the present invention removing a profile behind the gas guide board;
Fig. 2 represents the vertical view of the membrane electrode assembly in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents the vertical view of the gas guide board in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of the present invention;
Usually, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells comprises a plurality of basic battery units, and each basic battery unit is made up of a slice membrane electrode assembly and two gas guide boards.Membrane electrode assembly is sandwiched between two gas guide boards.In this case, employing be the single face gas guide board, promptly only on the one side of membrane electrode assembly, be provided with the gas flow guiding groove, and another side engages with another basic battery unit at gas guide board.Certainly, if adopt the two sides to be equipped with the gas guide board of gas flow guiding groove, also can realize same Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Following description is carried out based on the basic battery unit that adopts the single face gas guide board.
The basic battery unit that adopts according to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of the present invention comprises two single face gas guide boards and is clipped in therebetween a membrane electrode assembly.Fig. 1 shows the profile of this basic battery unit after removing one of them gas guide board, and what wherein dotted portion was represented is gas guide board of removing and the air seal circle of going up setting thereof.As shown in Figure 1, this basic battery unit comprises gas guide board 3, membrane electrode assembly 4 and another gas guide board.On gas guide board 3, also have around its electro-chemical activity first air seal circle 1 that partly is provided with and two second air seal circles 2 that are positioned at the first air seal circle, 1 both sides and are provided with around its electrochemistry non-active portion.Membrane electrode assembly 4 scribbles the carbon paper 42 of catalyst by two and the proton exchange membrane 41 that is clipped in is therebetween formed.
Fig. 2 shows the electro-chemical activity part of membrane electrode assembly and the relation of electrochemistry non-active portion.As can be seen, by carbon paper 42 that scribbles catalyst and the proton exchange membrane 41 stacked zones that the form electro-chemical activity part that is membrane electrode assembly 4, be the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly 4 and do not scribble the zone that the carbon paper 42 of catalyst covered on the proton exchange membrane 41.The zone relative with the electro-chemical activity part of membrane electrode assembly 4 is the electro-chemical activity part of gas guide board 3 on the gas guide board 3, and the dual-side adjacent areas relative with its electro-chemical activity part is the electrochemistry non-active portion of this gas guide board.
Fig. 3 shows the vertical view of the gas guide board 3 in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of the present invention.Can be clear that from Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, on gas guide board 3, partly be provided with the first air seal circle 1 around its electro-chemical activity.The width of the proton exchange membrane of the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly 4 is suitable with the width of the first air seal circle 1.Like this, the outside of the first air seal circle 1 can flush with the neighboring of the proton exchange membrane 41 of membrane electrode assembly 4.Two electrochemistry non-active portions on the gas guide board 3 are provided with second an air seal circle 2 adjacent with the neighboring of the first air seal circle 1 respectively, and it highly equals half sum of the thickness of the height of the first air seal circle 1 and proton exchange membrane 41.
Like this, the electrochemistry non-active portion of membrane electrode assembly 4 only is made up of the proton exchange membrane suitable with the width of the first air seal circle 1, is used for the sealing of gas.
Using elasticity better gas sealing ring (as silicon rubber), and the fewer or used proton exchange membrane of the basic battery unit of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is when relatively thinner, the thickness of proton exchange membrane can be ignored.At this moment, the first air seal circle and the second air seal circle can adopt same height, and membrane electrode assembly still adopts structure of the present invention also can reach identical effect.
Claims (4)
1. a proton exchanging film fuel battery, it comprises at least one basic battery unit, described basic battery unit is laminated by two parallel gas guide boards (3) and the membrane electrode assembly (4) that is clipped in therebetween; Described membrane electrode assembly (4) and described gas guide board (3) are grouped into by electro-chemical activity part and electrochemistry non-active portion, the electro-chemical activity part of wherein said membrane electrode assembly (4) is relative with the electro-chemical activity part of described gas guide board (3), and the opposite face equal and opposite in direction shape of these two active parts is identical, goes up around its electro-chemical activity at described gas guide board (3) and partly is provided with the first air seal circle (1); Relative both sides at the described first air seal circle (1), electrochemistry non-active portion around described gas guide board (3) is arranged with two second air seal circles (2), the electro-chemical activity part of described membrane electrode assembly (4) is by proton exchange membrane (41), catalyst and carbon paper (42) hot pressing forms together, it is characterized in that, the electrochemistry non-active portion of described membrane electrode assembly (4) is formed to circumferential expansion by the proton exchange membrane of its electro-chemical activity part, area size and face shape and described first air seal circle (1) area that outward flange comprised after its expansion, shape is suitable.
2. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the height of the described first air seal circle (1) equates with the height of the described second air seal circle (2) with half sum of the thickness of described proton exchange membrane (41).
3. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described gas guide board (3) is made by the graphite carbon plate.
4. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described gas guide board (3) is made by corrosion resistant metallic plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104990A CN1112738C (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Fuel batter with proton exchange film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104990A CN1112738C (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Fuel batter with proton exchange film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1270423A CN1270423A (en) | 2000-10-18 |
| CN1112738C true CN1112738C (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104990A Expired - Fee Related CN1112738C (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Fuel batter with proton exchange film |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1112738C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006032530A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-17 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Module for a fuel cell assembly |
| CN102420335B (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Assembling method of self-breathing type direct alcohol fuel cell |
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1999
- 1999-04-13 CN CN99104990A patent/CN1112738C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1270423A (en) | 2000-10-18 |
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| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent for invention or patent application | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: ZHONG JIALUN WEI JINZHU TO: BEIJING SHIJIFUYUAN FUEL CELL CO., LTD |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 100176 room 714, building No. 3, North Yongchang Road, Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, Applicant after: Shiji Fuyuan Fuel Cell Co., Ltd., Beijing Address before: 100023, No. 3, Yang Fang street, left gate, Beijing Applicant before: Zhong Jialun Applicant before: Wei Jinzhu |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |