CN216427428U - Bipolar plate and solid oxide electrolytic cell stack - Google Patents
Bipolar plate and solid oxide electrolytic cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN216427428U CN216427428U CN202123177469.7U CN202123177469U CN216427428U CN 216427428 U CN216427428 U CN 216427428U CN 202123177469 U CN202123177469 U CN 202123177469U CN 216427428 U CN216427428 U CN 216427428U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar plate and a solid oxide electrolytic cell stack, which comprises an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, an insulating plate, an upper collecting plate, a lower collecting plate and a plurality of single cell repeating units positioned between the upper collecting plate and the lower collecting plate; the single-cell repeating unit comprises a bipolar plate, a cathode power grid, an anode power grid, a membrane electrode and a sealing material; the upper collecting plate is connected with an anode collecting grid of the uppermost single cell repeating unit, and the lower collecting plate is connected with a cathode collecting grid of the lowermost single cell repeating unit; the upper collecting plate is separated from the upper fixing plate through an insulating plate, and the lower collecting plate is separated from the lower fixing plate through an insulating plate. The electrolytic cell stack has a simple sealing structure, is not easy to fail and has higher reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid oxide electrolytic cells, in particular to a bipolar plate and a solid oxide electrolytic cell stack.
Background
The solid oxide electrolytic cell is the inverse process of the solid oxide fuel cell, has an all-solid structure, can avoid the problems of evaporation, corrosion and electrolyte loss caused by using a liquid electrolyte, does not need to use a noble metal electrode, has lower preparation cost, can be operated at high temperature (above 700 ℃), can be coupled with industrial waste heat, and has the electric efficiency of 100 percent. The solid oxide electrolytic cell can electrolyze water vapor to prepare hydrogen, electrolyze carbon dioxide to prepare carbon monoxide, electrolyze water vapor/carbon dioxide to prepare synthesis gas and the like, and has wide application prospect.
The solid oxide cell stack is a core component of the system. The flat-plate type electrolytic cell stack has higher electrolytic current density compared with the tubular type electrolytic cell stack, and is a hot spot of current research. However, the flat-plate type electrolytic cell stack has higher requirements on sealing and current collection, and the sealing failure problem is easy to occur, so that the reliability is poor. In the prior art, the assembly of the solid oxide electrolytic cell stack comprises the sealing between a membrane electrode and a cell frame, the sealing between the cell frame and a bipolar plate, and the sealing between the bipolar plate and the bipolar plate, and the related sealing surfaces are more, so that the problem of sealing failure is easy to occur, and the whole electrolytic cell stack cannot operate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problem of difficult sealing of the solid oxide electrolytic cell stack, the invention provides a bipolar plate and an electrolytic cell stack structure easy to seal.
A bipolar plate is provided with an anode surface and a cathode surface, wherein the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a cathode gas distribution groove and a cathode sealing material filling groove, the anode surface of the bipolar plate is provided with an anode gas distribution groove and an anode sealing material filling groove, the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate are grooves which are arranged on the two surfaces of the bipolar plate and are concave inwards, and the bottoms of the grooves are respectively provided with a gas flow channel;
the cathode sealing material filling grooves and the anode sealing material filling grooves on the bipolar plate are distributed around the gas inlet and outlet;
sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner portions of the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate. For sealing the membrane electrode.
A solid oxide electrolytic cell stack comprises an upper fixing plate, a first insulating plate, an upper collecting plate, a plurality of single cell repeating units, a lower collecting plate, a second insulating plate and a lower fixing plate in sequence;
the single-cell repeating unit comprises a bipolar plate, a cathode power collecting grid, a membrane electrode and an anode power collecting grid in sequence, wherein the bipolar plate is provided with an anode surface and a cathode surface, a cathode gas distribution groove and a cathode sealing material filling groove are formed in the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, and an anode gas distribution groove and an anode sealing material filling groove are formed in the anode surface of the bipolar plate.
The cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate are grooves which are arranged on two sides of the bipolar plate and are sunken inwards and used for accommodating the collector plate and the membrane electrode, and gas flow channels are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the collector plate and the membrane electrode.
The cathode power collection grid and the anode power collection grid are respectively arranged in the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove, the cathode of the membrane electrode is connected with the cathode power collection grid, the anode of the membrane electrode is connected with the anode power collection grid, the cathode power collection grid is connected with the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, and the anode power collection grid is connected with the anode surface of the next bipolar plate; the cathode sealing material filling groove and the anode sealing material filling groove are filled with sealing materials; the membrane electrode is directly packaged into the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of two adjacent bipolar plates.
Further, in the above technical solution, an anode gas distribution groove is provided at one side of the upper current collecting plate; the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate is connected with the anode collecting grid of the uppermost single cell repeating unit, the cathode gas distribution groove cathode is arranged on one side of the lower collecting plate, and the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate is connected with the cathode collecting grid of the lowermost single cell repeating unit; the membrane electrode is packaged in the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collector plate and the cathode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate; the membrane electrode is packaged in the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate.
Further, in the above-described aspect, the bipolar plate has a thickness of 0.5mm to 3mm, preferably 1.5mm to 2 mm.
Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a sealing material filling groove is provided on one side of the upper collecting plate of the electrolytic cell stack, which is provided with the anode gas distribution groove, and a sealing material filling groove is provided on one side of the lower collecting plate, which is provided with the cathode gas distribution groove; the sealing material filling grooves of the upper collecting plate are distributed around the gas inlet and the gas outlet; the sealing material filling grooves of the lower collecting plate are distributed around the gas inlet and the gas outlet; sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate; sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate; for sealing the membrane electrode.
Further, in the above technical solution, the upper collecting plate and the upper fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are separated by a first insulating plate, the lower collecting plate and the lower fixing plate are separated by a second insulating plate, and the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate may be one of an alumina ceramic plate, a zirconia ceramic plate, a mica plate, and an asbestos plate.
Further, in the above technical solution, the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are connected by bolts.
Further, in the above technical solution, both the cathode gas and the anode gas of the electrolytic cell stack can be recovered.
Further, in the above technical solution, the cathode sealing material filling grooves and the anode sealing material filling grooves of two adjacent bipolar plates are sealed together by a sealing material;
further, in the above technical solution, the anode sealing material filling groove of the upper current collecting plate and the cathode sealing material filling groove of the uppermost bipolar plate are sealed together by a sealing material; the cathode sealing material filling groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode sealing material filling groove of the lowest bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material.
Further, in the above technical solution, the electrolytic cell stack is suitable for electrolyzing water vapor, electrolyzing carbon dioxide, supplying electricity to electrolyze water vapor and carbon dioxide, and electrolyzing hydrocarbon fuel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the assembly process of the existing flat-plate type electrolytic cell stack comprises the steps of sealing between a membrane electrode and a cell frame, sealing between the cell frame and a bipolar plate, and sealing between the bipolar plate and the bipolar plate, wherein the related sealing surfaces are more, and the problem of sealing failure is easy to occur, so that the whole electrolytic cell stack cannot operate. The electrolytic cell stack of the invention contains the bipolar plate which can directly package the membrane electrode, the assembly of the electrolytic cell stack only relates to the sealing between the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate and the sealing between the bipolar plate and the bipolar plate, the sealing area is small, and the reliability is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrolytic cell stack of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bipolar plate configuration;
in the figure, 1 an upper fixing plate, 2 a first insulating plate, 3 an upper collecting plate, 4 an anode collecting grid, 5 a membrane electrode, 6 a cathode collecting grid, 7 a bipolar plate, 8 a lower collecting plate, 9 a second insulating plate and 10 a lower fixing plate;
11 cathode sealing material filling grooves, 12 cathode gas distribution grooves, 13 anode gas distribution grooves and 14 anode sealing material filling grooves.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Taking a set of electrolytic cell stack as an example, the structure is shown in figure 1, and the electrolytic cell stack sequentially comprises an upper fixing plate 1, a first insulating plate 2, an upper collecting plate 3, 5 single cell repeating units, a lower collecting plate 8, a second insulating plate 9 and a lower fixing plate 10.
The single-cell repeating unit sequentially comprises a bipolar plate, a cathode power grid, a membrane electrode and an anode power grid.
The bipolar plate 7 is made of 430 stainless steel and is 1.5mm thick, the cathode current collecting net 6 is made of foam nickel adhesive, the anode current collecting net 4 is an Ag net, the membrane electrode 5 is an anode supporting membrane electrode,the composition is NiO-YSZ// YSZ// LSCF, and the effective electrode area is about 80cm2The sealing material is modified sodium silicate ceramic oxide. The bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate body, an anode surface, a cathode surface, an anode gas distribution groove, a cathode sealing material filling groove and a cathode sealing material filling groove, wherein the anode surface and the cathode surface are arranged on two sides of the bipolar plate body, the anode surface and the cathode surface of the bipolar plate body are respectively provided with the anode gas distribution groove and the anode sealing material filling groove, and the depth of the anode sealing material filling groove and the depth of the cathode sealing material filling groove are respectively 0.2-0.3 mm. The cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate are grooves which are arranged on two sides of the bipolar plate and are sunken inwards and used for accommodating the current collecting plate and the membrane electrode, and gas flow channels are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the current collecting plate and the membrane electrode; go up current-collecting plate 3, lower current-collecting plate 8 is 430 stainless steel, and thickness is 8mm, goes up current-collecting plate 3 and simultaneously sets up anode gas distribution groove and sealing material filling tank, and lower current-collecting plate 8 simultaneously sets up cathode gas distribution groove and sealing material filling tank, and the degree of depth in sealing material filling tank is 0.2 ~ 0.3 mm. The membrane electrode is directly encapsulated in the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of two adjacent bipolar plates; the upper fixing plate 1 and the lower fixing plate 10 are made of 310 stainless steel materials and have the thickness of 10 mm. The first insulating plate 2 between the upper fixing plate 1 and the upper collector plate 3 is an alumina ceramic plate with the thickness of 2mm, and the second insulating plate 9 between the lower fixing plate and the lower collector plate is a mica plate with the thickness of 5 mm.
The anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate is connected with the anode collecting net of the uppermost single cell repeating unit, and the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate is connected with the cathode collecting net of the lowermost single cell repeating unit; a sealing material filling groove is formed in the periphery inside the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate; a sealing material filling groove is formed in the periphery inside the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collector plate; the sealing material is used for sealing the membrane electrode; the membrane electrode is packaged in the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collector plate and the cathode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate; the membrane electrode is packaged in the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate.
The electric pile assembling process comprises the following steps: placing a lower fixing plate on the mounting table, placing a second insulating plate 9 on the lower fixing plate, placing a lower collecting plate on the second insulating plate 9, placing one surface of the lower collecting plate with a cathode gas distribution groove on the upper surface and connecting with a cathode collecting grid of a first single-cell repeating unit, and then sequentially placing the single-cell repeating units, wherein a cathode collecting grid and an anode collecting grid are respectively placed in the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove, a membrane electrode anode is connected with the anode collecting grid, and the anode collecting grid is connected with an anode surface of a next bipolar plate until an anode collecting grid of a last repeating unit is connected with an anode gas distribution groove of an upper collecting plate; adding a first insulating plate and an upper fixing plate on the upper collector plate, connecting the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate through bolts, reducing the distance between the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate to a specified distance after pressurization, and sealing a cathode sealing material filling groove and an anode sealing material filling groove of two adjacent bipolar plates together through a sealing material; the sealing material filling groove of the upper current collecting plate and the cathode sealing material filling groove of the uppermost bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material; the sealing material filling groove of the lower collector plate and the anode sealing material filling groove of the lowermost bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material; forming a complete cell stack. The gas tightness of the electrolytic cell stack is good, and gas between the cathode gas and the anode gas does not cross each other.
The cell stack was tested in electrolytic water vapor mode: the electrolytic current density is-43A at 800 ℃ and 1.3V, and the hydrogen production rate reaches 90L/h.
Example 2
A solid oxide electrolytic cell stack comprises an upper fixing plate 1, a first insulating plate 2, an upper collecting plate 3, a single cell repeating unit, a lower collecting plate 8, a second insulating plate 9 and a lower fixing plate 10 in sequence;
the single-cell repeating unit comprises a bipolar plate, a cathode power collecting grid, a membrane electrode and an anode power collecting grid in sequence, wherein the bipolar plate is provided with an anode surface and a cathode surface, a cathode gas distribution groove and a cathode sealing material filling groove are formed in the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, and an anode gas distribution groove and an anode sealing material filling groove are formed in the anode surface of the bipolar plate.
The cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate are grooves which are arranged on two sides of the bipolar plate and are sunken inwards, and gas flows are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the grooves.
The cathode power collection grid and the anode power collection grid are respectively arranged in the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove, the cathode of the membrane electrode is connected with the cathode power collection grid, the anode of the membrane electrode is connected with the anode power collection grid, the cathode power collection grid is connected with the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, and the anode power collection grid is connected with the anode surface of the next bipolar plate; the cathode sealing material filling groove and the anode sealing material filling groove are filled with sealing materials; the membrane electrode is directly packaged into the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of two adjacent bipolar plates.
Further, in the above technical solution, an anode gas distribution groove is provided at one side of the upper current collecting plate; the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate is connected with the anode collecting grid of the uppermost single cell repeating unit, the cathode gas distribution groove is arranged on one side of the lower collecting plate, and the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate is connected with the cathode collecting grid of the lowermost single cell repeating unit; sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate; sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate; the sealing material is used for sealing the membrane electrode; the membrane electrode is packaged in the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collector plate and the cathode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate; the membrane electrode is packaged in the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate.
The thickness of the bipolar plate is 0.5 mm-3 mm, preferably 1.5 mm-2 mm,
the electrolytic cell stack is characterized in that a sealing material filling groove is formed in one surface, provided with an anode gas distribution groove, of the upper collecting plate, and a sealing material filling groove is formed in one surface, provided with a cathode gas distribution groove, of the lower collecting plate.
The electrolytic cell stack is characterized in that an upper collecting plate and an upper fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are separated from each other through a first insulating plate, a lower collecting plate and a lower fixing plate are separated from each other through a second insulating plate, and the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate can be one of an alumina ceramic plate, a zirconia ceramic plate, a mica plate and an asbestos plate.
The upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are connected through bolts. The cathode sealing material filling grooves and the anode sealing material filling grooves of two adjacent bipolar plates are sealed together through sealing materials; the sealing material filling groove of the upper current collecting plate and the cathode sealing material filling groove of the uppermost bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material; the sealing material filling groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode sealing material filling groove of the lowest bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material.
Both the cathode gas and the anode gas of the electrolytic cell stack can be recovered.
The electrolytic cell stack is suitable for electrolyzing water vapor, electrolyzing carbon dioxide, supplying electrolysis water vapor and carbon dioxide, and electrolyzing hydrocarbon fuel.
Claims (9)
1. A bipolar plate, characterized by: the bipolar plate is provided with an anode surface and a cathode surface, a cathode gas distribution groove and a cathode sealing material filling groove are arranged on the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, an anode gas distribution groove and an anode sealing material filling groove are arranged on the anode surface of the bipolar plate, the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate are grooves which are arranged on the two surfaces of the bipolar plate and are sunken inwards, and gas flow channels are respectively arranged at the bottom of the grooves;
the cathode sealing material filling grooves and the anode sealing material filling grooves on the bipolar plate are distributed around the gas inlet and outlet;
sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner portions of the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of the bipolar plate.
2. A solid oxide electrolysis cell stack characterized by: the electrolytic cell stack sequentially comprises an upper fixing plate, a first insulating plate, an upper collecting plate, a plurality of single cell repeating units, a lower collecting plate, a second insulating plate and a lower fixing plate;
the single cell repeating unit comprises the bipolar plate, the cathode current collector, the membrane electrode and the anode current collector in turn according to claim 1,
the cathode power collection grid and the anode power collection grid are respectively arranged in the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove, the cathode of the membrane electrode is connected with the cathode power collection grid, the anode of the membrane electrode is connected with the anode power collection grid, the cathode power collection grid is connected with the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, and the anode power collection grid is connected with the anode surface of the next bipolar plate; the cathode sealing material filling groove and the anode sealing material filling groove are filled with sealing materials; the membrane electrode is directly packaged into the cathode gas distribution groove and the anode gas distribution groove of two adjacent bipolar plates.
3. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: an anode gas distribution groove is formed in one side of the upper collecting plate; the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate is connected with the anode collecting grid of the uppermost single cell repeating unit, the cathode gas distribution groove is arranged on one side of the lower collecting plate, and the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate is connected with the cathode collecting grid of the lowermost single cell repeating unit; the membrane electrode is packaged in the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collector plate and the cathode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate; the membrane electrode is packaged in the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode gas distribution groove of the adjacent bipolar plate.
4. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the bipolar plate is 0.5 mm-3 mm.
5. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack according to claim 3, wherein: a sealing material filling groove is formed in one surface, provided with an anode gas distribution groove, of an upper collecting plate of the electrolytic cell stack, and a sealing material filling groove is formed in one surface, provided with a cathode gas distribution groove, of a lower collecting plate of the electrolytic cell stack; the sealing material filling grooves of the upper collecting plate are distributed around the gas inlet and the gas outlet; the sealing material filling grooves of the lower collecting plate are distributed around the gas inlet and the gas outlet; sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the anode gas distribution groove of the upper collecting plate; and sealing material filling grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner part of the cathode gas distribution groove of the lower collecting plate.
6. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: the electrolytic cell stack is characterized in that an upper collecting plate and an upper fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are separated from each other through a first insulating plate, a lower collecting plate and a lower fixing plate are separated from each other through a second insulating plate, and the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate are selected from one of alumina ceramic plates, zirconia ceramic plates, mica plates and asbestos plates.
7. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate of the electrolytic cell stack are connected through bolts.
8. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: both the cathode gas and the anode gas of the electrolytic cell stack can be recovered.
9. The solid oxide electrolysis cell stack of claim 2, wherein: the cathode sealing material filling grooves and the anode sealing material filling grooves of two adjacent bipolar plates are sealed together through sealing materials;
the sealing material filling groove of the upper current collecting plate and the cathode sealing material filling groove of the uppermost bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material;
the sealing material filling groove of the lower current collecting plate and the anode sealing material filling groove of the lowest bipolar plate are sealed together through a sealing material.
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| CN202123177469.7U CN216427428U (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Bipolar plate and solid oxide electrolytic cell stack |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114232014A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Bipolar plate, solid oxide electrolytic cell stack and application of bipolar plate and solid oxide electrolytic cell stack |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114232014A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Bipolar plate, solid oxide electrolytic cell stack and application of bipolar plate and solid oxide electrolytic cell stack |
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