CN111273453A - Polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device and method - Google Patents
Polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111273453A CN111273453A CN202010024391.6A CN202010024391A CN111273453A CN 111273453 A CN111273453 A CN 111273453A CN 202010024391 A CN202010024391 A CN 202010024391A CN 111273453 A CN111273453 A CN 111273453A
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization multiplexing-based large-view-field imaging device and method. The method comprises the following steps: light beams from different directions of a target are respectively incident to the N light channels to generate N linear polarized light beams; n beams of linearly polarized light are simultaneously incident to an imaging objective lens and imaged to a polarization camera to form polarization multiplexing field target information; the method comprises the steps of collecting the intensity of N beams of linearly polarized light from the polarization multiplexing field target information, and then calculating the intensity of the linearly polarized light in N optical channels by a polarization demultiplexing processing method. The invention performs target polarization imaging by combining a plurality of groups of plane reflectors and the polarization camera, can realize ultra-large field angle imaging and target information acquisition, and has the advantages of compact structure, low complexity, large imaging field angle, good imaging quality and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical imaging detection, and particularly relates to a polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device and method.
Background
The fast realization of image information acquisition is a core target of a vision system and an optical imaging system, and determines the image perception efficiency of the vision system and the imaging efficiency and the omnidirectionality of the optical system, so the technology has wide application in various fields such as target monitoring, positioning and tracking, infrared alarm and the like. However, the conventional camera lens is limited by the angle of view, and cannot perform large-range area observation and long-distance target positioning and tracking, so that the realization of ultra-large field of view and omnidirectional imaging by using an ultra-large field of view imaging system is required in the modern science and technology field.
At present, because the fisheye lens has the characteristic of wide visual field, the ultra-wide-angle lenses with the visual angles of 120 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees are published in succession, and the fisheye lens is basically utilized to carry out omnibearing imaging at present so as to simultaneously realize full-airspace accommodation and acquisition of full-time-domain real-time information. However, the fisheye lens system is complex in structure, generally consists of 8 to 11 lenses, the transmittance of the system is low and the resolution is low due to the excessive number of lenses, and the optical system structure designed according to the special requirements of materials cannot be too complex and the number of lenses of the fisheye lens is not suitable to be too large. In addition, the ultra-wide angle fish-eye lens system has the characteristics of difficulty in eliminating off-axis aberration, low image surface edge illumination and the like, so that the imaging quality of the imaging system is influenced; and the acquired background information is complex, which brings huge challenges to the target detection algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-view-field imaging device and method based on polarization multiplexing, which solve the problems that the traditional fisheye lens system is complex in structure, off-axis aberration is difficult to eliminate, the image plane edge illumination is low and the like.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a big visual field image device based on polarization multiplexing, the device is including covering N optical channel of target visual field to and receive coaxial formation of image objective and the polarization camera that sets gradually of all optical channel emergent light, the emergent light of all optical channel is the linear polarization light.
Furthermore, each of the optical channels includes a depolarizer and a linear polarizer sequentially disposed along the optical path, and the remaining optical channels include a plurality of plane mirrors disposed between the depolarizer and the linear polarizer, in addition to the optical channels coaxial with the imaging objective and the polarization camera.
Further, the transmission axis direction of the linear polarizer of each light channel is different.
An imaging method based on the polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device comprises the following steps:
and 3, acquiring the intensity of N beams of linearly polarized light from the polarization multiplexing field target information, and then resolving the intensity of the linearly polarized light in the N optical channels by using a polarization demultiplexing processing method to further obtain the image information of the N fields.
Further, in step 3, the intensity of the linearly polarized light in the N optical channels is calculated by using a polarization demultiplexing processing method, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula IFoviIs the intensity of linearly polarized light in the ith optical channel,
for the intensity of the linearly polarized light corresponding to the ith optical channel collected from the polarization multiplexed field target information, i is equal to1,2, …, N, A is a coefficient matrix obtained by the projection of N beams of linearly polarized light on the target surface of the polarization camera.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the system can realize an ultra-large field angle and enlarge an image information acquisition area by adopting a plurality of groups of plane reflectors to perform light ray conversion; compared with the currently widely researched ultra-wide-angle fisheye lens system, the traditional fisheye lens system has the advantages that the structure is complex, the number of lenses is large, the transmittance and the resolution of the system are reduced, the off-axis aberration is difficult to eliminate, and the construction structure adopting multiple groups of plane reflectors is simple, easy to realize, high in flexibility and good in imaging quality; 2) the device has low overall complexity and compact structure, and the subsequent data processing is simple and easy to implement.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device, which comprises N optical channels covering a target field, and an imaging objective lens 9 and a polarization camera 10 which are coaxially and sequentially arranged and used for receiving emergent light of all the optical channels, wherein the emergent light of all the optical channels is linearly polarized light.
Further, in one embodiment, each of the optical channels includes an depolarizer and a linearly polarizing plate sequentially disposed along the optical path, and at the same time, in addition to the optical channels coaxial with the imaging objective 9 and the polarization camera 10, the other optical channels further include a plurality of plane mirrors disposed between the depolarizer and the linearly polarizing plate.
Further, in one embodiment, the transmission axis direction of the linear polarizer of each of the light channels is different.
Further, in one embodiment, with reference to fig. 1, N is 3, the three optical channels are respectively referred to as a first optical channel, a second optical channel and a third optical channel, and incident light from different directions of the target field of view is incident from the three optical channels respectively; the first optical channel comprises a first depolarizer 4 and a first linear polarizer 5 which are coaxially arranged along a first optical axis in sequence, and the first optical axis is coaxial with an imaging objective lens 9 and a polarization camera 10; the second optical channel comprises a second depolarizer 1, a second plane mirror 2 and a second linear polarizer 3 which are sequentially arranged along a second optical axis; the third channel comprises a third depolarizer 6, a third plane mirror 7 and a third line polarizer 8 which are sequentially arranged along a third optical axis.
Further, in one embodiment, the second optical axis and the third optical axis are symmetric with respect to the first optical axis.
Further, in one embodiment, the second depolarizer 1 and the second linearly polarizing plate 3 are coaxial with the second plane mirror 2, respectively, and the second depolarizer 1 and the second linearly polarizing plate 3 are not coaxial; the third depolarizer 6 and the third polarizing plate 8 are coaxial with the third plane mirror 7, respectively, and the third depolarizer 6 and the third polarizing plate 8 are not coaxial.
Further, in one embodiment, the transmission axis direction of the second linear polarizer 3 is 0 °, the transmission axis direction of the first linear polarizer 5 is 45 °, and the transmission axis direction of the third linear polarizer 8 is 90 °.
Further, in one embodiment, the outgoing light of the three optical channels is parallel, and the polarization camera 10 is located on the imaging surface of the imaging objective lens 9.
The imaging method based on the polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device comprises the following steps of:
and 3, acquiring the intensity of N beams of linearly polarized light from the polarization multiplexing field target information, and then resolving the intensity of the linearly polarized light in the N optical channels by using a polarization demultiplexing processing method to further obtain the image information of the N fields.
Further, in one embodiment, in step 3, the intensity of the linearly polarized light in the N optical channels is calculated by a polarization demultiplexing method, and the formula used is as follows:
in the formula IFoviIs the intensity of linearly polarized light in the ith optical channel,
for the intensity of the linearly polarized light corresponding to the ith optical channel collected from the polarization-multiplexed view field target information, i is 1,2, …, N, a is a coefficient matrix obtained by the projection of N beams of linearly polarized light on the target surface of the polarization camera.
As a specific example, assuming that N is 3 in step 1, the generated three linearly polarized light beams are respectively 0 ° linearly polarized light, 45 ° linearly polarized light, and 90 ° linearly polarized light, and the intensities of the three linearly polarized light beams collected from the polarization-multiplexed field target information are respectively I0、Iπ/4、Iπ/2；
Therefore, the calculation formula of the polarization demultiplexing processing method is as follows:
I0＝IFov1cos(0)+IFov2cos(π/4)+IFov3cos(π/2)
Iπ/4＝IFov1cos(π/4)+IFov2cos(0)+IFov3cos(π/4)
Iπ/2＝IFov1cos(π/2)+IFov2cos(π/4)+IFov3cos(0)
the intensity of linearly polarized light in the three optical channels is obtained by the formula:
in the formula IFov1、IFov2、IFov3The intensities of the 0-degree linearly polarized light, the 45-degree linearly polarized light and the 90-degree linearly polarized light in the three light channels are respectively.
In summary, the polarization multiplexing-based large-field-of-view imaging device provided by the invention can achieve the purpose of expanding the imaging field angle of the system only by adopting a plurality of groups of plane mirrors, and can form polarization multiplexing field-of-view information through a polarization camera, and can simultaneously measure the intensity information of incident light of a plurality of optical channels at a plurality of polarization angles, thereby obtaining image information of a plurality of fields of view through polarization information demultiplexing processing. The whole device is simple in structure and easy to realize, can effectively solve the problems of complex structure, low system transmittance and resolution and the like of the traditional fisheye lens system, and has the advantages of compact structure, low complexity, large imaging field angle, good imaging quality and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The large-view-field imaging device based on polarization multiplexing is characterized by comprising N optical channels covering a target view field, an imaging objective lens (9) and a polarization camera (10) which are coaxially and sequentially arranged and used for receiving emergent light of all the optical channels, wherein the emergent light of all the optical channels is linearly polarized light.
2. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 1, wherein each of the optical channels comprises an depolarizer and a linearly polarizing plate arranged in sequence along the optical path, while the remaining optical channels comprise a plurality of plane mirrors arranged between the depolarizer and the linearly polarizing plate in addition to the optical channels coaxial with the imaging objective (9) and the polarization camera (10).
3. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission axis direction of the linear polarizer of each of the light channels is different.
4. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 3, wherein N is 3, the three optical channels are respectively identified as a first optical channel, a second optical channel and a third optical channel, and incident light from different directions of the target field of view is incident from the three optical channels respectively; the first optical channel comprises a first depolarizer (4) and a first linear polarizer (5) which are coaxially arranged along a first optical axis in sequence, and the first optical axis is coaxial with the imaging objective lens (9) and the polarization camera (10); the second optical channel comprises a second depolarizer (1), a second plane mirror (2) and a second linear polarizer (3) which are sequentially arranged along a second optical axis; the third channel comprises a third depolarizer (6), a third plane mirror (7) and a third line polarizer (8) which are sequentially arranged along a third optical axis.
5. The polarization multiplexing-based large field of view imaging apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second and third optical axes are symmetric about the first optical axis.
6. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 5, wherein the second depolarizer (1) and the second linear polarizer (3) are respectively coaxial with the second plane mirror (2), and the second depolarizer (1) and the second linear polarizer (3) are not coaxial; the third depolarizer (6) and the third polarizing film (8) are respectively coaxial with the third plane mirror (7), and the third depolarizer (6) and the third polarizing film (8) are not coaxial.
7. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 6, wherein the transmission axis direction of the second linear polarizer (3) is 0 °, the transmission axis direction of the first linear polarizer (5) is 45 °, and the transmission axis direction of the third linear polarizer (8) is 90 °.
8. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device according to claim 7, wherein the outgoing light of the three optical channels is parallel, and the polarization camera (10) is located on the imaging surface of the imaging objective (9).
9. The imaging method based on the polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging device of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, light beams from different directions of a target are respectively incident to N optical channels to generate N linear polarized light beams;
step 2, N beams of linearly polarized light are simultaneously incident to an imaging objective lens and imaged to a polarization camera to form polarization multiplexing view field target information;
and 3, acquiring the intensity of N beams of linearly polarized light from the polarization multiplexing field target information, and then resolving the intensity of the linearly polarized light in the N optical channels by using a polarization demultiplexing processing method to further obtain the image information of the N fields.
10. The polarization multiplexing-based large-field imaging method according to claim 9, wherein the intensity of linearly polarized light in the N optical channels is calculated in step 3 by a polarization demultiplexing processing method, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula IFoviIs the intensity of linearly polarized light in the ith optical channel,
for the intensity of the linearly polarized light corresponding to the ith optical channel collected from the polarization-multiplexed view field target information, i is 1,2, …, N, a is a coefficient matrix obtained by the projection of N beams of linearly polarized light on the target surface of the polarization camera.
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