CN111273334A - Composite energy particle detector for deep space detection and design method thereof - Google Patents
Composite energy particle detector for deep space detection and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/1603—Measuring radiation intensity with a combination of at least two different types of detector
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite energy particle detector for deep space detection and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of space particle detection. Firstly, determining the field angle of a detector; determining components required by the detector; arranging a light barrier on the lower bottom surface of the collimator; the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are sequentially and coaxially arranged below the light blocking sheet from top to bottom; according to the energy deposition of different particles on different detectors, the size of three sub-detectors is determined according to the type and the energy of the energy particles to be detected, and the edge points of the detectors are positioned on the reverse extension line of the inverted frustum bus; the anti-coincidence detector is arranged in a region outside the three sub-detectors. The method is suitable for a multi-particle composite detection system for deep space radiation environment detection, and is used for integrated charged particle detection for detecting multiple energy sections, multiple particle types and wide energy spectrum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite energy particle detector for deep space detection and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of space particle detection.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual development of aerospace industry, the aerospace activities of China gradually go from earth orbit detection to deep space detection. The space charged particle radiation environment is one of the most remarkable characteristics of the space environment, and is a main research object of the space environment. Solar energy particles and galaxy cosmic rays are the main sources of space particle radiation. Therefore, the energy spectrum research of different kinds of charged particles from the deep space environment is helpful for human beings to further know the deep space radiation environment, and radiation safety guarantee is provided for the design of human improved spacecrafts and the future guarantee of flight of spacecrafts in deep space.
Compared with the space activity near the earth orbit, the deep space exploration is often limited by engineering design constraints such as power consumption, weight, volume, data transmission bandwidth and the like, so that a single exploration device is required to achieve the composite measurement target of multiple particle types as far as possible and achieve the requirements of high integration level, low power consumption, high reliability and the like.
The radiation particles in the deep space radiation environment mainly come from the cosmic rays of the galaxy system, wherein the proton accounts for about 85-90%, the electron accounts for about 1%, and the heavy ion accounts for about 1%, and the flux difference of various charged particles is large according to the data. Therefore, to achieve simultaneous measurement of electrons, protons and heavy ions, a large field of view design at the entrance of the detector system is required.
The space radiation environment particle detector is applied more in an on-orbit manner, but the existing experimental device for detecting the space radiation charged particles mainly has the following problems: (1) the measurement target is single. For example, a single instrument can only realize the measurement of a single kind of electrons or protons, or can only realize the simultaneous measurement of light nuclei such as electrons and protons, but cannot realize the integrated measurement of the electrons, the protons and the heavy ions. (2) The species discrimination of various types of charged particles and the composite detection of a wide energy section cannot be realized. For example, the existing single instrument of the space radiation particle detector only realizes the energy detection of single charged particles in a low energy section, a middle energy section and a high energy section, and can not realize the design requirements of various particles and wide energy sections. (3) The energy detection and species identification functions of various species of particles and the requirements of a deep space detector on low power consumption, light weight and low development cost cannot be met. The existing space radiation particle detector cannot meet the detection characteristics at the same time, so that a composite deep space radiation particle detector with low power consumption, miniaturization and multi-particle detection functions needs to be designed, the deep space radiation particle environment is accurately and effectively detected, and scientific and effective data are provided for future deep space weather detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a composite energy particle detector for deep space detection and a design method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a design method of a composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration, wherein the energy ions comprise electrons, protons and heavy ions, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the field angle of the detector, wherein the field angle is more than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees;
(2) determining components required by the detector, wherein the components comprise a collimator, a light blocking sheet, a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II, a CsI (Tl) detector and a reverse coincidence detector; the collimator is of an inverted frustum structure, an included angle of two generatrices in the axial section of the inverted frustum is equal to an angle of field, and the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are of wafer structures; the CsI (Tl) detector is of a hexagonal frustum structure;
(3) arranging a light barrier on the lower bottom surface of the collimator;
(4) the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are sequentially and coaxially arranged below the light blocking sheet from top to bottom;
(5) according to the energy deposition of different particles on different detectors, the size of a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II and a CsI (Tl) detector is determined according to the type and the energy of the energy particles to be detected;
(6) determining the specific positions of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) according to the size determined in the step (5), and enabling the edge points of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) to be positioned on the reverse extension line of the inverted circular truncated cone bus;
(7) and arranging the anti-coincidence detector in an area outside the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector, and designing to obtain the composite energy particle detector for deep space detection.
Further, the field angle of the detector is designed to be 60 degrees.
Further, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the collimator and the top bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector is designed to be less than 52 mm.
Furthermore, the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are both ion injection type silicon detectors.
A composite energy particle detector for deep space detection comprises a collimator, a light blocking sheet, a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II, a CsI (Tl) detector and a reverse coincidence detector; the collimator, the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are sequentially and coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the light blocking sheet is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the collimator, and the angle of view of the detector is 60 degrees; the anti-coincidence detector is positioned at the bottom of the CsI (Tl) detector and the peripheral circumferences of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector;
the collimator is of a circular truncated cone structure, the included angle formed by extending two bus bars of the circular truncated cone is 60 degrees, the diameters of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated cone are 37mm and 7mm respectively, and the length of the bus bar of the circular truncated cone is 29 mm;
the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are both ion injection type silicon detectors with wafer structures, the thickness of the silicon detector I is 15 micrometers, the diameter of the silicon detector I is 8mm, the thickness of the silicon detector II is 300 micrometers, and the diameter of the silicon detector II is 26 mm;
the CsI (Tl) detector is of a hexagonal frustum structure, the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are respectively of a regular hexagon, the side length of the upper bottom surface is 5mm, the side length of the lower bottom surface is 8mm, and the height is 32.5 mm;
the distance between the lower surface of the light blocking sheet and the upper surface of the silicon detector I is 15mm, the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector I and the upper surface of the silicon detector II is 15mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector II and the upper bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector is 20 mm.
Furthermore, the anti-coincidence detector arranged in the circumferential direction is of a gradually contracting structure from bottom to top, and the contracting angle is 60 degrees.
Advantageous effects
The design method is suitable for a multi-particle composite detection system for deep space radiation environment detection, and is used for integrated charged particle detection for detecting multiple energy sections, multiple particle types and wide energy spectrum. The identification of the types of electrons, protons, helium nuclei and heavy ions (Z is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 26) can be realized according to the energy deposition of different particles on different sub-detectors.
Furthermore, the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II in the composite energy particle detector for deep space detection can realize electronic measurement of low and medium 2 energy sections with the energy of 0.1-12 MeV in the deep space environment;
the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are matched to realize the proton measurement of the deep space environment with the energy range of 2-100 MeV in the middle and high energy sections;
when 7 heavy ions (Z is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 8) with the energy ranges of 25-300 MeV and in middle and high energy sections are measured, all the heavy ions can penetrate through a silicon detector I, part of the heavy ions penetrate through a silicon detector II, and all the heavy ions cannot penetrate through a CsI (Tl) detector;
when 18 heavy ions (Z is more than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 26) in the middle and high energy sections with the energy range of 25-300 MeV are measured, part of the heavy ions penetrate through the silicon detector I, and all the heavy ions penetrate through the silicon detector II.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
A design method of a composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration, wherein the energy ions comprise electrons, protons and heavy ions, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the field angle of the detector, wherein the field angle is more than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees;
(2) determining components required by the detector, wherein the components comprise a collimator, a light blocking sheet, a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II, a CsI (Tl) detector and a reverse coincidence detector; the collimator is of an inverted frustum structure, an included angle of two generatrices in the axial section of the inverted frustum is equal to an angle of field, and the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are of wafer structures; the CsI (Tl) detector is of a hexagonal frustum structure;
(3) arranging a light barrier on the lower bottom surface of the collimator;
(4) the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are sequentially and coaxially arranged below the light blocking sheet from top to bottom;
(5) according to the energy deposition of different particles on different detectors, the size of a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II and a CsI (Tl) detector is determined according to the type and the energy of the energy particles to be detected;
(6) determining the specific positions of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) according to the size determined in the step (5), and enabling the edge points of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) to be positioned on the reverse extension line of the inverted circular truncated cone bus;
(7) and arranging the anti-coincidence detector in an area outside the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector, and designing to obtain the composite energy particle detector for deep space detection.
Further, the field angle of the detector is designed to be 60 degrees.
Further, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the collimator and the top bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector is designed to be less than 52 mm.
Furthermore, the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are both ion injection type silicon detectors.
As shown in fig. 1, a composite energy particle detector for deep space detection includes a collimator 1, a light blocking sheet 2, a silicon detector i 3, a silicon detector ii 4, a csi (tl) detector 5, and a anticoincidence detector 6; the collimator 1, the silicon detector I3, the silicon detector II 4 and the CsI (Tl) detector 5 are sequentially and coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the light blocking sheet 2 is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the collimator 1, and the angle of view of the detector is 60 degrees; the anti-coincidence detector 6 is positioned at the bottom of the CsI (Tl) detector 5 and on the peripheral circumference of the silicon detector I3, the silicon detector II 4 and the CsI (Tl) detector 5;
the collimator 1 is of a circular truncated cone structure, the included angle formed by extending two bus bars of the circular truncated cone is 60 degrees, the diameters of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated cone are 37mm and 7mm respectively, and the length of the bus bar of the circular truncated cone is 29 mm;
the silicon detector I3 and the silicon detector II 4 are both ion injection type silicon detectors with wafer structures, the thickness of the silicon detector I3 is 15 micrometers, the diameter of the silicon detector I3 is 8mm, the thickness of the silicon detector II 3 is 300 micrometers, and the diameter of the silicon detector II 3 is 26 mm;
the CsI (Tl) detector 5 is of a hexagonal frustum structure, the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are respectively of a regular hexagon, the side length of the upper bottom surface is 5mm, the side length of the lower bottom surface is 8mm, and the height is 32.5 mm;
the distance between the lower surface of the light blocking sheet 2 and the upper surface of the silicon detector I3 is 15mm, the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector I3 and the upper surface of the silicon detector II 4 is 15mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector II 4 and the upper bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector 5 is 20 mm.
The anti-coincidence detector 6 arranged in the circumferential direction is of a gradually contracting structure from bottom to top, and the contracting angle is 60 degrees.
In summary, the invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, and any equivalent replacement or local modification made under the spirit and principle of the invention should be considered as being within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A design method of a composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration is characterized in that: the energetic ions include electrons, protons, and heavy ions, the method steps comprising:
(1) determining the field angle of the detector, wherein the field angle is more than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees;
(2) determining components required by the detector, wherein the components comprise a collimator, a light blocking sheet, a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II, a CsI (Tl) detector and a reverse coincidence detector; the collimator is of an inverted frustum structure, an included angle of two generatrices in the axial section of the inverted frustum is equal to an angle of field, and the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are of wafer structures; the CsI (Tl) detector is of a hexagonal frustum structure;
(3) arranging a light barrier on the lower bottom surface of the collimator;
(4) the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector are sequentially and coaxially arranged below the light blocking sheet from top to bottom;
(5) according to the energy deposition of different particles on different detectors, the size of a silicon detector I, a silicon detector II and a CsI (Tl) detector is determined according to the type and the energy of the energy particles to be detected;
(6) determining the specific positions of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) according to the size determined in the step (5), and enabling the edge points of the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) to be positioned on the reverse extension line of the inverted circular truncated cone bus;
(7) and arranging the anti-coincidence detector in an area outside the silicon detector I, the silicon detector II and the CsI (Tl) detector, and designing to obtain the composite energy particle detector for deep space detection.
2. The design method of the composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detector is designed to have a field angle of 60 °.
3. The design method of the composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the collimator and the upper bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector is designed to be less than 52 mm.
4. The design method of the composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the silicon detector I and the silicon detector II are both ion injection type silicon detectors.
5. A composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration is characterized in that: the device comprises a collimator (1), a light blocking sheet (2), a silicon detector I (3), a silicon detector II (4), a CsI (Tl) detector (5) and a reverse coincidence detector (6); the collimator (1), the silicon detector I (3), the silicon detector II (4) and the CsI (Tl) detector (5) are sequentially and coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the light blocking sheet (2) is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the collimator (1), and the angle of view of the detector is 60 degrees; the anti-coincidence detector (6) is positioned at the bottom of the CsI (Tl) detector (5) and in the peripheral circumferential direction of the silicon detector I (3), the silicon detector II (4) and the CsI (Tl) detector (5);
the collimator (1) is of a circular truncated cone structure, the included angle formed by extending two bus bars of the circular truncated cone is 60 degrees, the diameters of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated cone are 37mm and 7mm respectively, and the length of the bus bar of the circular truncated cone is 29 mm;
the silicon detector I (3) and the silicon detector II (4) are both ion injection type silicon detectors with wafer structures, the thickness of the silicon detector I (3) is 15 micrometers, the diameter of the silicon detector I is 8mm, the thickness of the silicon detector II (3) is 300 micrometers, and the diameter of the silicon detector II (3) is 26 mm;
the CsI (Tl) detector (5) is of a hexagonal frustum structure, the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are respectively of a regular hexagon, the side length of the upper bottom surface is 5mm, the side length of the lower bottom surface is 8mm, and the height is 32.5 mm;
the distance between the lower surface of the light blocking sheet (2) and the upper surface of the silicon detector I (3) is 15mm, the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector I (3) and the upper surface of the silicon detector II (4) is 15mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the silicon detector II (4) and the upper bottom surface of the CsI (Tl) detector (5) is 20 mm.
6. The composite energy particle detector for deep space exploration, according to claim 5, wherein: the anti-coincidence detector (6) arranged in the circumferential direction is of a gradually contracting structure from bottom to top, and the contracting angle is 60 degrees.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113625332A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-09 | 北京大学 | Interplanetary energy particle spectrometer detector |
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| CN103954988A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Space particle detector and data collecting and processing method thereof |
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| CN113625332B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2024-02-20 | 北京大学 | Planet energy particle spectrometer detector |
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Application publication date: 20200612 |