CN111272342A - Liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method and system - Google Patents
Liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111272342A CN111272342A CN202010060287.2A CN202010060287A CN111272342A CN 111272342 A CN111272342 A CN 111272342A CN 202010060287 A CN202010060287 A CN 202010060287A CN 111272342 A CN111272342 A CN 111272342A
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method and a monitoring system, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring safety production historical data of the monitoring indexes, and respectively calculating the index average value and the index variance of the monitoring indexes; s2, acquiring real-time data of the monitoring index; s3, if the real-time data of any monitoring index do not exceed the corresponding alarm threshold, calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of the monitoring index, the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index; and S4, generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values. The invention obtains the early warning value through a unique algorithm, and generates different early warning signals according to the contribution degree of each monitoring index to the early warning value in the process of obtaining the early warning value, thereby realizing graded early warning, and avoiding the generation of false reports and missed reports caused by only considering a single monitoring index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dangerous goods production, in particular to a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method and a monitoring system.
Background
Ammonia is an important chemical raw material, and during the transportation, storage and use of liquid ammonia, if improper operation or damage of storage tanks, valves and the like occurs, leakage of liquid ammonia can be caused, the ecological environment is destroyed, and meanwhile, personnel poisoning and fire explosion accidents can also be caused.
At present, in the ammonia refrigeration industry, in order to monitor the state of an ammonia storage device, 3 sensors are mostly arranged on each ammonia storage device and are respectively used for acquiring the data change conditions of ammonia concentration, pressure and liquid level so as to ensure that no ammonia leakage event occurs. For example, patent application No. 201810216472.9 ("a liquid ammonia security control method") discloses a scheme of monitoring liquid ammonia pressure and gas concentration by arranging corresponding sensors, and alarming when a monitoring index exceeds a limit value.
However, the above scheme has the following problems: 1. once the alarm is given, the accident is imminent, the time left for manual treatment is too short, the potential safety hazard cannot be timely removed, and the alarm significance is not great at the moment; 2. in the scheme, the alarm is given when the absolute values of one or more of three indexes of ammonia concentration, pressure and liquid level reach the limit value, liquid ammonia leakage can be caused by multi-factor interaction, the process is not always just kicked, and qualitative change is only required in one process, so that the alarm mode is not accurate only according to whether the monitoring index reaches the limit value, for example, if only one index of ammonia concentration reaches the limit value, alarm is given, a large number of personnel and equipment can quickly reach the site, in fact, only one index of ammonia concentration exceeds the standard, serious leakage accidents cannot be caused, only few manpower and equipment can be repaired, a large number of personnel and equipment do not need to be called to reach the site, in addition, the alarm mode when a single index reaches the limit value, namely false alarm is easily generated due to sensor faults and the like, The report is missed, so that the manpower is unnecessarily consumed, the force is weak or the dangerous condition cannot be known; 3. the contribution degree of each index in the whole early warning mechanism cannot be judged in the mode of only warning according to whether the monitoring index reaches the limit value, and a production enterprise cannot make targeted improvement on the contribution degree.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method and a monitoring system, which acquire an early warning value through a unique algorithm, generate different early warning signals according to the contribution degree of each monitoring index to the early warning value in the process of acquiring the early warning value, and realize graded early warning, thereby avoiding the generation of false reports and missed reports due to the consideration of only a single monitoring index.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage is provided, which includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period, and respectively calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period on the assumption that the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period belong to normal distribution;
s2, acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring index;
s3, if the real-time data of any monitoring index do not exceed the corresponding alarm threshold, calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index, the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index, wherein the calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
and S4, generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values.
Preferably, the monitoring indicators include: one or more of ammonia concentration, pressure, liquid level and the like.
Preferably, the alarm signal is generated directly if the real-time data of at least one monitoring index exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold.
Preferably, the alarm signal is generated when the real-time ammonia gas concentration C is more than or equal to 100PPM and/or the real-time pressure P is more than or equal to 1.45PM and/or the real-time liquid level H is more than or equal to 0.8.
Preferably, the step S4 includes: and if the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value and less than or equal to the Lv, generating and sending first early warning information to remind personnel to take first measures.
Preferably, the step S4 includes: if the second limit value is less than or equal to the third limit value, calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to a formula (2); when the contribution degree of the real-time data of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value, second early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take second measures;
preferably, the step S4 includes: and if the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than the second limit value, generating and sending third early warning information to remind personnel to take third measures.
Preferably, the step S4 includes: and if the Lv is larger than the third limit value, generating and sending fourth early warning information to remind the personnel to take fourth measures.
On the other hand, a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring system for implementing the monitoring method is also provided, which includes:
the historical data statistical unit is used for acquiring the safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period, and calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period;
a sensor for acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring indicator;
the alarm unit is connected with the sensor and is used for directly generating an alarm signal when the real-time data of at least one monitoring index exceeds a corresponding alarm threshold value;
the early warning value calculation unit is connected with the sensor and the historical data statistics unit and used for calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index, the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index, and a calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
and the early warning unit is connected with the early warning value calculation unit and used for generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values so as to remind personnel to take corresponding measures.
Preferably, the early warning unit includes:
the primary early warning unit is used for generating and sending first early warning information when the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value and reminding personnel to take a first measure;
the contribution degree calculating unit is used for calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to a formula (2) when the second limit value is less than Lv and less than or equal to the third limit value;
the second-stage early warning unit is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit and used for generating and sending second early warning information when the contribution degree of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a second measure;
the third-level early warning unit is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit and used for generating and sending third early warning information when the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a third measure;
and the fourth-level early warning unit is used for generating and sending fourth early warning information when the Lv is larger than a third limit value so as to remind personnel to take a fourth measure.
According to the invention, the liquid ammonia leakage is effectively monitored by adopting an alarm and early warning mode, the early warning value is obtained through a unique algorithm during early warning, each monitoring index is fully considered in the process of obtaining the early warning value, different early warning signals are generated according to the contribution degree of each monitoring index to the early warning value, and graded early warning is realized, so that the situations of false alarm and missing alarm caused by only considering a single monitoring index are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the early warning unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For convenience of understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
s1, in the liquid ammonia production process, obtaining safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period (such as at least one month), wherein the safety production historical data are data which do not exceed a preset value and generate an alarm signal;
assuming that the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period of time belong to normal distribution, and respectively calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period of time; the monitoring indexes comprise: one or more of ammonia concentration, pressure, liquid level and the like, wherein correspondingly, the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of the monitoring index in the period of time comprise the ammonia concentration average value cv and the variance dc; average pressure value pv, square difference dp; liquid level mean hv, variance dh;
s2, monitoring in real time through a sensor, and acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring index (preferably a plurality of, such as 3); obtaining real-time ammonia concentration C, real-time pressure P, real-time liquid level H and the like;
in the real-time monitoring process, if the real-time data of at least one monitoring index (preferably a plurality of indexes, such as 3 indexes, for reducing false alarm and missed alarm) exceeds a corresponding alarm threshold value, directly generating alarm signals (such as various sound and light alarm signals) to inform a factory area of staff evacuation, dangerous case reporting, starting an emergency scheme and the like; in this embodiment, when the real-time ammonia concentration C is greater than or equal to 100PPM and/or the real-time pressure P is greater than or equal to 1.45PM and/or the real-time liquid level H is greater than or equal to 0.8, an alarm signal is generated;
s3, if the real-time data of any monitoring index does not exceed the corresponding alarm threshold, calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index (preferably, a plurality of, for example, 3) and the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index, where a calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
in this embodiment, when the monitoring index selects ammonia gas concentration, pressure, and liquid level, the expression (1) is as follows:
and S4, generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values to remind personnel to take corresponding measures.
Specifically, the step S4 includes:
if the Lv is less than or equal to the first limit value, the data is normal, safe production can be realized, and early warning is not needed;
if the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value, the early warning value Lv is slightly larger, but the overall situation of the site is still in a controllable range, and at the moment, first early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take a first measure; the first warning information includes a warning value Lv at this time, and the first measure includes: personnel can remotely monitor the site by calling a site video and the like, but the site processing is not needed;
if the second limit value is less than or equal to the third limit value, calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to a formula (2); when the contribution degree of the real-time data of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value, the real-time data of the monitoring index is at a dangerous level at the moment, second early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take a second measure, and the second early warning information comprises the real-time data and/or the contribution degree of the monitoring index and/or an early warning value Lv at the moment; if the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than the second limit value, the fact that the real-time data of each monitoring index is increased at present but is not at a dangerous level is shown, third early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take a third measure, and the third early warning information comprises the real-time data of each monitoring index and/or the contribution degree corresponding to each monitoring index and/or a pre-warning value Lv at the moment; in this embodiment, the second/third measure includes: informing field workers that the workers do not need to evacuate, and dispatching personnel and/or equipment to carry out field observation and processing;
taking the contribution degree of the real-time ammonia gas concentration C to the early warning value Lv as an example, the above formula (2) is the following expression:
if Lv is larger than the third limit value, the probability of accidents is greatly increased due to the fact that all monitoring indexes are possibly higher, and fourth early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take fourth measures; the fourth warning information includes a warning value Lv at this time, and the fourth measure includes: and reporting the condition, stopping production, informing field workers to evacuate, and dispatching professional personnel and/or equipment to carry out field processing.
In the foregoing steps, the determination of the first limit value to the third limit value may be determined according to actual monitoring needs, for example, in this embodiment, the first limit value is 10, the second limit value is 20, the third limit value is 40, and the like, and the severity of the early warning information is that the first early warning information is less than the second early warning information/the second early warning information is less than the fourth early warning information in sequence.
Because each monitoring index, such as the ammonia concentration, the pressure and the liquid level, needs a process from quantity to quality when reaching the respective alarm value, the quantity change characteristic of the monitoring index can be obtained in real time in the quantity change process through the formulas (1) to (2), the digitization of the early warning process and the real-time data monitoring of the production process are realized, the hidden danger is solved at the minimum cost in advance, the accident is eliminated in the bud state, and the production is not influenced.
Example 2:
this embodiment provides a liquid ammonia leakage monitoring system for implementing the monitoring method described in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, including:
a historical data statistical unit 1, which is used for acquiring the safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period (such as at least one month); calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period of time;
a sensor 2 for acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring index (preferably several, such as 3);
the alarm unit 3 is connected with the sensor 2 and is used for directly generating an alarm signal when the real-time data of at least one monitoring index exceeds a corresponding alarm threshold value;
the early warning value calculation unit 4 is connected to the sensor 2 and the historical data statistics unit 1, and configured to calculate an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index (preferably, a plurality of, e.g., 3) and the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index when the real-time data of any monitoring index does not exceed the corresponding alarm threshold, where a calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
and the early warning unit 5 is connected with the early warning value calculation unit 4 and is used for generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values so as to remind personnel to take corresponding measures.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the early warning unit 5 includes:
the primary early warning unit 51 is used for generating and sending first early warning information when the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value and reminding personnel to take a first measure;
the contribution calculating unit 52 is used for calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to the formula (2) when the second limit value is less than or equal to the Lv and less than or equal to the third limit value;
the second-stage early warning unit 53 is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit 52 and is used for generating and sending second early warning information when the contribution degree of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a second measure;
the third-level early warning unit 54 is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit 52, and is used for generating and sending third early warning information when the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a third measure;
and the fourth-level early warning unit 55 is used for generating and sending fourth early warning information when the Lv is larger than a third limit value so as to remind personnel of taking a fourth measure.
The first to fourth measures are the same as in embodiment 1, and are not described again here.
Therefore, in the invention, the method of alarm and graded early warning when a single monitoring index exceeds a corresponding alarm threshold value is adopted to realize accurate and comprehensive monitoring on the liquid ammonia leakage, obtain the quantitative change characteristic of the monitoring index in real time, realize the digitization of the early warning process and the real-time data monitoring of the production process, so as to solve hidden dangers at minimum cost in advance, eliminate accidents in a bud state and not influence the production; especially, in a grading early warning mechanism, a plurality of different monitoring indexes are taken into consideration through a formula (1), so that the situations of false report and missed report generated when a single monitoring index is adopted for early warning can be fully avoided, the accuracy of early warning is improved, and meanwhile, early warning information of different levels is generated by combining the contribution degree of each monitoring index to an early warning value, so that sufficient processing time is reserved for a person, the person is reminded of which kind of monitoring index is close to a dangerous level, the index is convenient to adopt targeted precious measures, and the waste of time caused by one-by-one troubleshooting is avoided.
The technical features of the above embodiments 1-2 can be combined arbitrarily, and the combined technical solutions all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. And it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the embodiments being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned. Furthermore, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Several units, modules or means recited in the system, apparatus or terminal claims may also be implemented by one and the same unit, module or means in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period, and respectively calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period on the assumption that the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period belong to normal distribution;
s2, acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring index;
s3, if the real-time data of any monitoring index do not exceed the corresponding alarm threshold, calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index, the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index, wherein a calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
and S4, generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values.
2. The method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein the monitoring metrics comprise: one or more of ammonia concentration, pressure, liquid level and the like.
3. The method of monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein the alarm signal is generated directly if the real-time data of at least one monitoring indicator exceeds the corresponding alarm threshold.
4. The method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein an alarm signal is generated when the real-time ammonia gas concentration C is greater than or equal to 100PPM and/or the real-time pressure P is greater than or equal to 1.45PM and/or the real-time liquid level H is greater than or equal to 0.8.
5. The method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein said step S4 includes: and if the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value and less than or equal to the Lv, generating and sending first early warning information to remind personnel to take first measures.
6. The method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein said step S4 includes: if the second limit value is less than or equal to the third limit value, calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to a formula (2); when the contribution degree of the real-time data of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value, second early warning information is generated and sent to remind personnel to take second measures;
7. the method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 6, wherein said step S4 includes: and if the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than the second limit value, generating and sending third early warning information to remind personnel to take third measures.
8. The method for monitoring liquid ammonia leakage of claim 1, wherein said step S4 includes: and if the Lv is larger than the third limit value, generating and sending fourth early warning information to remind personnel to take fourth measures.
9. A liquid ammonia leakage monitoring system for implementing the monitoring method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
the historical data statistical unit is used for acquiring the safety production historical data of a plurality of monitoring indexes in a certain period, and calculating the index average value and the index variance of the safety production historical data of each monitoring index in the period;
a sensor for acquiring real-time data of at least one monitoring indicator;
the alarm unit is connected with the sensor and is used for directly generating an alarm signal when the real-time data of at least one monitoring index exceeds a corresponding alarm threshold value;
the early warning value calculation unit is connected with the sensor and the historical data statistics unit and used for calculating an early warning value Lv according to the real-time data of at least one monitoring index, the index average value and the index variance of the corresponding monitoring index, and a calculation formula (1) of the early warning value Lv is as follows:
and the early warning unit is connected with the early warning value calculation unit and used for generating different early warning signals according to different early warning values so as to remind personnel to take corresponding measures.
10. The liquid ammonia leak monitoring system of claim 9, wherein the early warning unit comprises:
the primary early warning unit is used for generating and sending first early warning information when the first limit value is less than or equal to the second limit value and reminding personnel to take first measures;
the contribution degree calculating unit is used for calculating the contribution degree of the real-time data of each monitoring index to the early warning value Lv according to a formula (2) when the second limit value is less than Lv and less than or equal to the third limit value;
the second-stage early warning unit is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit and used for generating and sending second early warning information when the contribution degree of a certain monitoring index is larger than or equal to a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a second measure;
the third-level early warning unit is connected with the contribution degree calculation unit and used for generating and sending third early warning information when the contribution degree of any monitoring index is smaller than a second limit value so as to remind personnel to take a third measure;
and the fourth-level early warning unit is used for generating and sending fourth early warning information when the Lv is larger than a third limit value so as to remind personnel to take a fourth measure.
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| CN113933001A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Main air duct pressure leakage evaluation method and device based on big data and electronic equipment |
| CN114893724A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-08-12 | 四川绵竹川润化工有限公司 | Liquid ammonia leakage monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring test system |
| CN116101657A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 惠州市华达通气体制造股份有限公司 | Early warning method, device and equipment for ammonia water storage equipment and storage medium |
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