CN111267201A - Cork wood composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cork wood composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111267201A
CN111267201A CN202010057805.5A CN202010057805A CN111267201A CN 111267201 A CN111267201 A CN 111267201A CN 202010057805 A CN202010057805 A CN 202010057805A CN 111267201 A CN111267201 A CN 111267201A
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cork
material layer
layer
composite material
cork composite
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郑林义
欧阳晓平
郑哲
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郑林义
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Priority to CN202010057805.5A priority Critical patent/CN111267201A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/06—Making particle boards or fibreboards, with preformed covering layers, the particles or fibres being compressed with the layers to a board in one single pressing operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0209—Methods, e.g. characterised by the composition of the agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/20—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/042—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/06—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/06—Embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/06—Vegetal particles
    • B32B2264/062—Cellulose particles, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2264/067—Wood particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cork composite material, which comprises a cork composite material layer and a reinforcing material layer, wherein the cork composite material layer and the reinforcing material layer are compounded into a whole through extrusion, and the cork composite material has a structure comprising a double-layer single-face structure, a three-layer double-face structure, a three-layer six-face structure, a double-layer special-shaped structure and a balance layer. The strength of the cork composite material is effectively improved, and the novel structure of the cork composite material is provided, so that the application range of the cork composite material is wider; the preparation method of the invention enables the cork to be subjected to blank making and composite one-step molding, enables the cork composite board making to be quicker and more energy-saving, greatly improves the production efficiency, and overcomes the defect that the small board surface of the cork breadth has abutted seams; meanwhile, relief patterns of convex grains and concave grains are processed on the surface of the planar composite board, and silencing and decorative holes and grooves are drilled and milled so as to improve the decoration and heat dissipation of the board surface.

Description

Cork wood composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cork composite materials, in particular to a cork composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing cork products have excellent performances of light weight, heat insulation, sound absorption, shock absorption, water resistance and difficult aging, but have lower strength. The composite material is not waterproof when being compounded with a wood artificial board, the traditional semi-mechanized production efficiency is low, the thermal processing is carried out twice when the cork is used for manufacturing, compounding and forming, the energy consumption is high, the breadth of the product is small, and the decoration performance is not enough. Foamed aluminum, honeycomb aluminum plates, coiled materials, steel and aluminum hollow sections are high in strength and light in weight, but the decorative property and the comfort degree are poor, and the corrosion resistance, the rust resistance, the heat insulation and the sound insulation are not ideal, so that the application of products in high-end fields is limited.
In addition, most of cork composite artificial boards and coiled materials are formed by compounding molded cork paper and boards and various molded artificial board materials, the cork breadth is small, and the board surface is provided with abutted seams; manual material laying, semi-mechanical production, repeated heating and plate making, compounding, low production efficiency, high energy consumption, direct heating with low heat conduction material, high energy consumption and high cost; the environment is not satisfactory, the decorative effect is single, and the application range is limited; is difficult to adapt to the requirements of modern high-end consumer markets.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or shortcomings, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cork composite material and a method of making the same.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the cork composite material comprises a cork composite material layer and a reinforcing material layer, wherein the cork composite material layer and the reinforcing material layer are compounded into a whole through extrusion, and the structure of the cork composite material comprises a double-layer single-face structure, a three-layer double-face structure, a three-layer six-face structure and a double-layer special-shaped structure.
The cork composite material layer comprises glue-mixed cork, puffed semi-carbonized cork particles, flame-retardant auxiliary materials and anticorrosion auxiliary materials; the reinforcing material layer is a metal plate, the reinforcing material layer can also be an artificial plate made of a composite material, and the reinforcing material layer can also be plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and mesh cloth with soft texture.
The density of the glue-mixing cork is 0.16g/cm3—0.6g/cm3The glue-mixing cork is a mixture of cork and an adhesive.
The adhesive is any one or a mixture of epoxy resin, polyurethane, rubber adhesive, isonitrile acid ester, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and polyacrylic acid.
The flame-retardant auxiliary material is one or a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, silicon dioxide powder, basalt powder, boron phenolic aldehyde, ceramic powder, carbon fiber, zinc antirust agent powder, graphene and pigment; the anticorrosive auxiliary material is a mixture of zinc oxide, zinc and graphene.
The cork composite material also comprises a balance layer, wherein the balance layer is positioned on the lower surface of the reinforcing material layer and is compounded with the reinforcing material layer into a whole; the cork composite material layer comprises granular mixtures of glue-mixed cork particles, wood fibers, flame-retardant auxiliary materials and preservatives; the reinforcing material layer is an environment-friendly molded artificial board taking wood, bamboo and straw as raw materials, and can also be a coiled material with softer texture; the balance layer is made of cork paper.
The artificial board comprises a laminated board, a fiberboard, an oriented strand board, an oriented structure board, a laminated wood board and a wood-plastic board; the coiled material with softer texture comprises a PVC coiled material, a cork rubber-plastic composite coiled material, plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and screen cloth.
A preparation method of a cork composite material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: fully stirring the materials of the cork composite material layer according to the requirement until the materials are uniformly mixed.
2) Spreading materials:
a. paving materials by using a single-layer and multi-layer flat press: the laminating machine adopts a high-frequency heating method, when the double-layer single-side structure cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is prepared, the reinforcing material layer is directly paved on the lower pressing plate, the cork composite material layer is paved on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer, the upper pressing plate is aligned with the lower pressing plate, and then the cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is pushed into the laminating machine; when the three-layer single-face structure cork compound environment-friendly decorative material is prepared, the balance layer is paved on the lower pressing plate, the reinforcing material layer is paved on the upper surface of the balance layer, the cork compound material layer is paved on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer, the upper pressing plate is aligned with the lower pressing plate, and then the cork compound environment-friendly decorative material is pushed into a press;
b. spreading by a continuous press: firstly, laying a balance layer on a lower pressing plate, laying an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher heat reinforcing material layer coming out of an artificial board machine, directly laying a mixture of cork composite material layers on the environment-friendly artificial board by using a laying machine, and covering an upper pressing plate; the continuous press is conveyed to the steel strip and directly into the press.
C. Paving the hot plate blank: paving an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher-heat reinforcing material layer just coming out of the artificial board machine on the upper surface of the balance layer, directly paving a cork composite material layer on the environment-friendly artificial board with higher heat by using a paving machine, and placing an upper pressing plate; stacking the layers on a press worktable, and pressing by a press.
3) Curing, forming and blank making:
adopting a flat single-layer or multi-layer flat press or a continuous press, wherein the flat press adopts high-frequency heating, other manufactured boards are heated in a traditional mode, and the press is designed to have pressure, temperature and time, deflate, preserve heat and pressure for pressurization time according to the material and thickness of the cork compound environment-friendly decorative board; after the hot plate blank is taken out of the machine, a balance layer is paved on the lower pressing plate, a cork composite material layer is paved on the hot plate blank, and then the hot plate blank is pushed into a cold press to be solidified and shaped by utilizing the waste heat of the plate blank;
the hot slabs coming out of the flat press and the continuous press are both unfixed blanks. Cutting edges of the plate blank to leave margins; according to the design structure requirement, a cork compound material layer, a balance layer and a reinforcing material layer are paved between an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate of a press; and putting the cork composite material layer on a workbench of a press, stacking the cork composite material layer orderly under a large-amplitude press, pressurizing, preserving heat for 24 hours, and compounding and curing the cork on the surface of the cork composite material layer with the reinforcing material layer and the balance layer by using waste heat.
And (3) continuous press coiled material setting: according to the design requirements, the balance layer, the reinforcing material layer and the cork composite material layer (2) are sequentially paved on a lower conveying steel belt, enter a press, and automatically discharge plates according to the designed pressure, temperature and time; and (5) molding by sections by using a flat machine to produce the cork compound environment-friendly decorative coiled material.
4) A sizing procedure:
the method comprises the steps of flatly pressing a plate to remove burrs, determining the size of a length and a width, grinding, thickness fixing and polishing by using a thickness fixing sander, and sanding, thickness fixing and polishing a coiled material by using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer into textures with concave grains and convex grains according to the designed patterns; and drilling and milling holes and grooves for decorating and radiating.
6) Surface modification and protection:
taking off the burr of the relief and polishing. According to the design requirements, the parts and the colors are coated with pigments, noctilucent powder, non-ferrous metal powder, antioxidants and the like with different colors. The surface is coated with transparent natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer coating, waterproof layer and dust-proof layer, and the natural color is kept unchanged.
A preparation method of a cork composite material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cork compound material layer, and uniformly mixing and stirring the raw materials; pouring the puffed cork particles into a stirrer, uniformly stirring and mixing the adhesive, the flame retardant and the antirust agent by using a liquid stirrer, spraying the mixture on the cork particles in the stirrer, and stirring for 10-20 minutes until the mixture is uniform; feeding into a material box for later use;
2) spreading materials: a. double-layer single-side composite paving: coating an adhesive on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer, placing the reinforcing material layer on a lower pressing plate of a flat press with the adhesive-free surface facing downwards; paving the cork composite material layer on the upper glue surface of the reinforcing material layer, and covering an upper pressing plate of a flat press which is wiped by a release agent;
b. two-sided stone of three-layer structure: placing a loading frame for containing the cork composite material layer on a lower pressing plate, paving the cork composite material layer in the loading frame, placing a reinforcing material layer with adhesive on two surfaces, removing the loading mold, placing a thickness setting gauge, and covering an upper pressing plate which is wiped with a parting medium;
c. paving materials on the three-layer six-face cladding structure, paving a cork composite material layer on the lower pressing plate, placing a reinforcing material layer with double-face glue, paving a cork composite material layer on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer, installing a thickness gauge, and covering the upper pressing plate, wherein the paving width is larger than the edge of each reinforcing material layer by 3 cm;
d. paving the special-shaped piece, namely loading the reinforcing material layer and the cork composite material layer into a customized mould, and pressurizing the paved cork composite material layer;
e. paving a coiled material: paving the cork composite material layer on a conveying steel belt of the paving machine by using an automatic paving machine, placing a reinforcing material layer with two surfaces coated with adhesives, paving the cork composite material layer on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer, covering an upper pressing plate with relief patterns on the upper surface and the lower surface, and enabling the continuous press to automatically enter the press.
3) Composite molding and blank making: and (3) sending the plate blank paved with the cork composite material layer and the reinforcing material layer into a press for extrusion composite molding, carrying out curing to form a blank by adopting high-frequency heating according to the pressure 2-4 Mpa, the temperature 80-185 ℃, the air release 2-3 times, 5-10 seconds each time and the heat preservation time of 5-60 minutes required by the material, density and thickness of the designed product, unloading the plate blank and cooling, stacking the plate blank in order, and aging for 7-15 days.
4) Deburring the plate, determining the length and width dimensions, and grinding and polishing the plate by using a fixed-thickness sander; the width and the length of the coiled material are determined on a production line; and (5) using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine to fix the thickness and polish.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer into textures with concave grains and convex grains according to the designed patterns; and drilling and milling holes and grooves for decorating and radiating.
6) Surface modification and protection: removing the embossment burrs, polishing, and coating pigments, noctilucent powder and antioxidants with different colors and materials on the cork composite board; the surface is coated with natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer transparent paint, which is waterproof and dustproof.
In the step 1 of the preparation method of the cork composite material, the fineness of cork in the cork composite material layer is 12-60 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a cork composite material and a preparation method thereof, because of the arrangement of the reinforcing material layer, the strength of the cork composite material is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the invention provides a novel structure of the cork composite material, so that the application range of the cork composite material is wider; the invention changes the traditional cork compound molding method, utilizes mechanical spreading, flat press and continuous press equipment to directly pressurize and heat, melt and extrude the cork compound material, and performs one-step molding, so that the cork compound board is more rapid and energy-saving, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the defects of small cork breadth and abutted seam on the board surface are overcome, and boards, coiled materials, pipes and sectional materials with standard broad breadth are produced; meanwhile, on the surface of the planar composite board, natural color planes with convex lines and concave lines or embossed characters, pictures, patterns or drilling and milling silencing and decorative holes and grooves are processed by adopting methods such as mould pressing, carving, laser, 3D printing and the like, so that the decoration and the heat dissipation of the board surface are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of a two-layer single-sided sheet structure according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two-layer single-sided sheet structure in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a two-ply, single-face web construction of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-layer single-sided profile structure of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a three-layer double-sided structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-layer double-sided structure of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a three-layer six-sided structure of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a first schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention with a textured structure;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention with a textured structure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a two-layer single-sided sheet structure according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a three-layer single-sided sheet structure of example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of example 2 of the present invention having a textured structure;
FIG. 13 is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention having a groove structure;
fig. 14 is a side view of embodiment 2 of the present invention having a groove structure.
In the figure, 1 — a layer of reinforcing material; 2-a cork compound material layer; 3-relief pattern; 4-intaglio; 5, groove; 6-balance layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the cork composite material of this embodiment is specifically a high-strength cork composite material, and includes a cork composite material layer 2 and a reinforcing material layer 1, where the cork composite material layer 2 and the reinforcing material layer 1 are formed into a whole by extrusion and compounding, and the structure of the cork composite material includes a double-layer single-sided structure, a three-layer double-sided structure, a three-layer six-sided structure, and a double-layer special-shaped structure. The cork composite material layer 2 comprises a glue-mixed cork mixture, a flame-retardant auxiliary material and an anti-corrosion auxiliary material; the glue-mixed cork compound comprises the following combination modes: 1) a mixture of a sizing agent and cork; 2) a mixture of a sizing agent and expanded cork particles (either expanded semi-carbonized cork particles or expanded semi-carbonized cork sheets); 3) a mixture of adhesives, cork, fibers; 4) a mixture of an adhesive, cork, rubber particles; 5) a mixture of adhesive, cork, plastic pellets; 6) a mixture of an adhesive, cork, composite plastic particles and stone powder; the reinforcing material layer 1 comprises a metal plate, a composite artificial plate, plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and mesh cloth with soft texture. Reinforcing materials, for example: foam, honeycomb aluminum plates, steel, aluminum plates; aldehyde-free laminated boards made of wood, bamboo and straw, oriented shaving boards, blockboards, straw boards, fiber boards, wood-plastic boards and stone-plastic boards; or other honeycomb or hollow composite structural plates made of paper, plastic and wood; or square multi-sided profiles, round tubing, etc. The low density of the glue-mixed cork compound in the cork composite material layer 2 is 0.16g/cm3—0.6g/cm3。
The adhesive is one or a mixture of epoxy resin, polyurethane, rubber adhesive, isonitrile acid ester, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, polyacrylic acid and the like.
The flame-retardant auxiliary material is a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, silicon dioxide powder, basalt powder, boron phenolic aldehyde, ceramic powder, graphene, carbon fiber, zinc antirust agent powder and pigment.
The anticorrosive auxiliary material is a mixture of zinc oxide, zinc and graphene.
A preparation method of a high-strength cork composite material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: weighing the following raw materials in parts by mass of the cork compound material layer 2: pouring 100 parts of different cork particles, 8-30 parts of adhesive (based on solid content) and 3-35 parts of other functional materials into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing and stirring; in addition, the adhesive, the flame retardant and the antirust agent are stirred and mixed uniformly by a liquid stirrer, sprayed on the cork particles in the stirrer and stirred for 10-20 minutes until the mixture is mixed uniformly; feeding into a material box for later use;
2) spreading materials: a. double-layer single-side composite paving: coating an adhesive on the upper surface of the reinforcing material 1, placing the reinforcing material 1 on a lower pressing plate of a flat press with the non-adhesive surface facing downwards; the cork compound material layer 2 is paved on the upper rubber surface of the reinforcing material 1, and an upper pressing plate of a flat press machine which is scraped by a release agent is covered.
b. Two-sided stone of three-layer structure: the method comprises the steps of placing a loading frame (the size and the plate length are respectively 3cm) for containing the cork composite material layer 2 on a lower pressing plate which is wiped by a release agent, paving the cork composite material layer 2 which is measured according to the design requirement in the loading frame, after the cork composite material layer is uniformly paved, placing a reinforcing material 1 with two sides coated with an adhesive, paving the designed number of cork composite material layers 2 on the loading frame by a paving machine, or placing the cork composite material with the upper bottom coated with the adhesive on the upper surface of the cork composite material layer, taking a loading die, placing a thickness setting gauge, and covering an upper pressing plate which is wiped by the release agent. The mechanical automatic spreading is adopted.
c. Spreading materials on a three-layer six-face cladding structure, firstly spreading a cork composite material layer 2 on a lower pressing plate, putting a reinforcing material layer 1 with double-face gluing, spreading a cork composite material layer 2 on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer 1, wherein the spreading width is larger than the edges of the reinforcing material layer 1 by 3cm respectively, and the cork composite material layer 2 on the periphery is required to be filled more. And (5) installing a thickness gauge and covering an upper pressure plate.
d. And (3) paving the special-shaped piece, namely, loading the reinforcing material layer 1 and the cork composite material layer 2 into a customized mould, and pressurizing the paved cork composite material layer 2.
e. Paving a coiled material: paving the cork composite material layer 2 on a conveying steel belt of the paving machine by using an automatic paving machine, placing a reinforcing material layer 1 with adhesive coated on two surfaces, paving the cork composite material layer 2 on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer 1, covering an upper pressing plate with embossed patterns on the upper surface and the lower surface, paving the cork composite material layer 2 on a lower transmission plate by using a continuous press, paving the reinforcing material layer 1 on the upper surface of the cork composite material layer 2, paving the cork composite material layer 2 on the reinforcing material layer 1, and automatically entering the press. It should be noted that the reinforcing material layer 1 of the coiled material is made of soft vegetable fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth, and mesh cloth, and the produced and molded cork composite material can be rolled up or folded.
3) Composite molding and blank making: and (3) conveying the plate blank paved with the cork composite material layer 2 and the reinforcing material layer 1 into a press for extrusion composite molding, adopting high-frequency heating to solidify the plate blank according to the pressure, temperature and time required by the material, density and thickness of the designed product and the requirements of deflation, heat preservation and pressure maintaining for time, unloading the plate blank, cooling, stacking the plate blank in order, and standing for 7-15 days.
The composite forming blank of the embodiment can be processed by adopting a single-layer press, a continuous press or a hot melt adhesive coating machine in a composite way, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the single-layer and multi-layer press is characterized in that an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate paved with the cork composite material layer 2 are pushed into the press, a thickness gauge is added on the periphery, the pressure required by the material, density and thickness of a designed product is 2-4 Mpa, the temperature is 80-185 ℃, the air is discharged for 2-3 times, the heat preservation time is 5-60 minutes, the single-layer press is heated by high frequency to be solidified into a blank, the blank is unloaded and cooled, and then the blank is stacked and placed in order and is aged for 7-15 days;
the shaping of the tubular profile is realized by: the cork coiled material is coated with hot melt adhesive and coated outside the special-shaped piece (the section is square, round, hexagonal and non-equilateral hollow piece). Or pushing the mould filled with the soft wood without glue or with glue into an electric oven, and heating, curing and forming. Taking out the mold, cooling and ageing. The produced cork plastic granules are hot-melted and extruded out of the die and continuously compounded and molded. The steel and aluminum sheets can be punched or partially hollowed on the upper surface for reducing the weight.
b. The continuous press is used for spreading materials while conveying to a lower steel belt, automatically feeding the spread plate blank into the press, gradually pressing the plate blank between pressing plates moving up and down into a coiled material with a fixed thickness according to the pressure, temperature and time required by the material, density and thickness of a designed product, and carrying out cooling, rolling and aging for 7-15 days; and (4) taking the edge, fixing the width, fixing the thickness by using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine, and polishing.
c. The compounding of the hot melt adhesive coating machine is that the hot melt adhesive is coated on the reinforcing material layer 1, the cork composite material layer 2 is automatically laid on the glue coating surface, and the cork composite material layer is rolled into a blank by a hot rolling machine. And obtaining the cork metal composite functional board, the coil and the section.
4) Deburring the plate, determining the length and width dimensions, and grinding and polishing the plate by using a fixed-thickness sander; the width and the length of the coiled material are determined on a production line; and (5) using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine to fix the thickness and polish.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the texture of concave grains 3 and convex grains 4 on the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer 2 according to the designed pattern; and drilling and milling holes and grooves 5 for decorative heat dissipation. The specific implementation comprises the following modes:
a. molding the relief pattern: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a mould with concave grains 3 and convex grains 4 according to designed characters, pictures and patterns and an upper pressing plate of a flat press, putting a polished and decolored cork composite board on the lower pressing plate with the right side facing upwards, then putting the upper mould and the upper pressing plate, and then pushing the upper mould and the upper pressing plate into a preheated working table of the hot press. According to the required pressure, temperature, air release, pressure maintaining and heat preserving time of the material and the depth design of the relief texture, and pressurizing and heating to the forming time. It is also possible to use a continuous hot-rolling machine with a roller having a relief pattern and to roll out characters, pictures, patterns having relief 3 and depressions 4 on a sheet or web.
b. Carving characters, pictures and patterns with any shape and size of convex lines 3 and concave lines 4 on the decolored planar cork metal composite functional plate by a carving machine or manually according to the design requirement of the plate surface relief pattern; or drilling and milling holes and grooves 5, drilling and milling holes and grooves 5 with different patterns according to the requirements of design patterns, and drilling and milling reinforced silencing decorative holes and grooves which are arranged in a regular pattern and have any hole diameter or width of more than or equal to 10mm, wherein the depth is about half of the plate thickness. Obtaining the embossed cork metal composite functional board and coiled material with any characters, pictures and patterns with convex lines 3 and concave lines 4 or with decorative heat dissipation holes and grooves 5.
c. The embossed words, pictures and patterns with the convex patterns 3 and the concave patterns 4 are drawn by laser or manual electric or fire iron fire. The fire-painted relief cork metal composite functional board, coil and section are obtained.
d. And printing the relief, characters, pictures and texture patterns with the convex patterns 3 and the concave patterns 4 on the cork compound board by adopting a 3D printer and a 4D printer. The cork metal composite relief heat and sound insulation functional board, coil and section are obtained.
6) Surface modification and protection: removing the embossment burrs, polishing, and coating pigments, noctilucent powder and antioxidants with different colors and materials on the cork composite board; the surface is coated with natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer transparent paint, which is waterproof and dustproof.
The process for preparing the cork metal composite functional sheet, the coiled material and the sectional material realizes the mechanical automation and continuous large-scale production of the cork composite material for the first time. The mechanical automatic artificial board is used for compounding, and cork or glue-mixed cork particles, cork sheets and light metal boards are used for compounding and one-step molding. Pressurizing and heating; or hot-melt extrusion and other processes. The preparation process is efficient, energy-saving, environment-friendly and low in cost.
The cork metal composite functional plate, the coiled material and the section have the performances of light weight, high strength, heat insulation (cold and hot), sound insulation, sound absorption, wear resistance, damping and shock absorption, electromagnetic radiation shielding, flame retardance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, weather resistance and the like.
Cork metal composites are mainly used for: the composite material has the advantages of damping, heat insulating and sound insulating properties; passenger transportation vehicles, high-speed rails, subways, rail carriages, passenger ships, yachts and motor homes, and internal and external heat insulation wall plates; building interior and exterior decoration and partition board, door, furniture, seat, bedding, armrest, heat-insulating and non-accumulation outdoor pattern board material; meanwhile, the composite floor can be used for manufacturing high-grade cork metal composite floors, cultural background wallboards, characters, pictures, artworks and the like.
Embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 10 to 14, the cork composite material of this embodiment is specifically a cork composite environment-friendly decorative material, and includes a cork composite material layer 2 and a reinforcing material layer 1, the cork composite material layer 2 and the reinforcing material layer 1 are combined into a whole by extrusion, and the structure of the cork composite material includes a double-layer single-sided structure, a three-layer double-sided structure, a three-layer six-sided structure, and a double-layer special-shaped structure. The cork composite material also comprises a balance layer 6, wherein the balance layer 6 is positioned on the lower surface of the reinforcing material layer 1 and is compounded with the reinforcing material layer 1 into a whole; the cork composite material layer 2 comprises granular or flaky mixtures of glue-mixed cork, puffed cork, semi-carbonized cork, flame-retardant auxiliary materials and preservatives; the reinforcing material layer 1 is an environment-friendly molded artificial board and a coiled material with softer texture, wherein the wood, bamboo and straw are used as raw materials; the artificial board comprises a laminated board, a fiberboard, an oriented strand board, an oriented structure board, a laminated wood board and a wood-plastic board; the coiled material with softer texture comprises a PVC coiled material, a cork rubber plastic composite coiled material, plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and screen cloth; the balance layer 6 is made of cork paper. In the embodiment, the cork composite material layer 2, the reinforcing material layer 1 (formed artificial board) and the balance layer 6 are paved by using a modified or existing artificial board single-layer press, a multi-layer press or a continuous press production line, the single-layer press is heated by high frequency or by waste heat of a hot plate blank, the blank is pressed, the composite is carried out, and the forming is completed at one time, so that the multilayer single-side or double-side flat cork composite decorative plate and coiled material are produced. Cutting edges, sizing, sanding, thickening and polishing. Or according to the requirement, after the surface of the plane cork or cork composite decorative plate is decolored and antioxidant treated, according to the design requirement, the embossed characters, pictures and patterns with convex patterns 3 and concave patterns 4 are processed by adopting the methods of mould pressing, carving, milling, laser, hand drawing, electric cauterization, fire drawing, 3D printing and the like; or drilling and milling decorative sound absorption holes and grooves 5, wherein the holes or the milled grooves (the diameter or the width is more than or equal to 10 mm). Deburring, coloring and modifying, and keeping the surface primary color or coating a transparent waterproof protective layer. Thus obtaining the plane or relief natural and color cork composite environment-friendly standard breadth decorative board and coiled material.
The cork composite material layer 2 for decoration can also be a cork, wood and metal thin skin decoration material composite board coiled material; cork plastic composite decorative board, coiled material; birch bark, paper, and the like. The balance layer 6 can also be glue-mixed cork particles, pieces, cork decorative paper and rolls; mesh cloth and non-woven fabric made of different materials, rotary cut veneer, natural biological fiber and mineral fiber; high polymer fibers such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene), polyurethane tripolynitrile and the like.
In embodiment 2, a method for preparing a cork compound environment-friendly decorative material includes the following steps:
1) preparing materials: fully stirring the materials of the cork compound material layer 2 according to the requirement until the materials are uniformly mixed.
2) Spreading materials:
a. paving materials by using a single-layer and multi-layer flat press: the laminating machine adopts a high-frequency heating method, when the double-layer single-side structure cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is prepared, the mixture of the cork composite material layer 2 is paved on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer 1, the upper pressing plate is aligned with the lower pressing plate, and then the cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is pushed into the laminating machine; when preparing the three-layer single-face structure cork compound environment-friendly decorative material, paving the balance layer 6 on the lower pressing plate, paving the reinforcing material layer 1 on the upper surface of the balance layer 6, paving the mixture of the cork compound material layer 2 on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer 1, aligning the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate, and then pushing the materials into a press;
if the reinforcing material layer is a hot slab reinforcing material layer 1 manufactured by a continuous press, the continuous press directly and continuously paves materials and enters the press according to the design structure.
b. Spreading by a continuous press: firstly, laying a balance layer 6 on a lower pressing plate, laying an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher heat reinforcing material layer 1 from an artificial board machine, directly laying a mixture of a cork composite material layer 2 on the environment-friendly artificial board (hot slab) by using a spreader (the spreading width is larger than the slab width), covering an upper pressing plate, and stacking the cork composite material layer on a working table of a press one by one; the continuous press is conveyed to the steel strip and directly into the press.
c. Paving the hot plate blank: paving an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher-heat reinforcing material layer 1 just coming out of an artificial board machine on the upper surface of the balance layer 6, directly paving the mixture of the cork composite material layer 2 on the environment-friendly artificial board (a hot plate blank) with higher heat by using a paver, and putting an upper pressing plate; stacking the layers on a press worktable, and pressing by a press.
3) Curing, forming and blank making:
adopting a flat single-layer or multi-layer flat press or a continuous press, heating the flat press by adopting high frequency, heating the multi-layer flat press and the continuous press by adopting a traditional mode, designing the press to have the pressure of 2-4 Mpa, the temperature of 80-185 ℃, air bleeding for 2-3 times, discharging for 5-10 seconds each time according to the material and the thickness of the cork compound environment-friendly decorative board, and keeping the temperature and pressure for the required time (the time for keeping the temperature and pressure is determined according to the thickness and the density and is generally 5-60 minutes), thus obtaining the double-layer single-side and three-layer double-side cork; when the cork composite material layer 2 and the balance layer 6 are not paved on the continuous press, after the hot plate blank is taken out of the press, the balance layer 6 is paved on the lower pressing plate, the cork composite material layer 2 is paved on the hot plate blank, and then the hot plate blank is pushed into a cold press to be solidified and shaped by using the waste heat of the plate blank;
the hot slabs coming out of the flat press and the continuous press are both unfixed blanks. Cutting edges of the plate blank to leave margins; according to the design structure requirement, the cork compound material layer 2, the balance layer 6 and the reinforcing material layer 1 are paved between an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate of a press; and (3) putting the cork compound material layer 2, the reinforcing material layer 1 and the balance layer 6 on a working table of a press layer by layer, stacking the cork compound material layer and the balance layer in order under a large-amplitude press, pressurizing, keeping the temperature for about 24 hours, and compounding and curing the cork compound material layer 2, the reinforcing material layer 1 and the balance layer 6 by utilizing waste heat.
And (3) continuous press coiled material setting: according to design requirements, sequentially paving the balance layer 6, the reinforcing material layer 1 and the cork composite material layer 2 on a conveying lower steel belt, entering a press, and automatically discharging the steel belt according to the designed pressure of 2-4 Mpa, the temperature of 80-185 ℃ and the time of 10-60 minutes; and (5) molding by sections by using a flat machine to produce the cork compound environment-friendly decorative coiled material.
4) A sizing procedure:
the method comprises the steps of flatly pressing a plate to remove burrs, determining the size of a length and a width, grinding, thickness fixing and polishing by using a thickness fixing sander, and sanding, thickness fixing and polishing a coiled material by using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the texture of concave grains 3 and convex grains 4 on the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer 2 according to the designed pattern; and drilling and milling holes and grooves 5 for decorative heat dissipation. The specific implementation comprises the following modes:
a. molding the relief pattern: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a mould with concave grains 3 and convex grains 4 according to designed characters, pictures and patterns and an upper pressing plate of a flat press, putting a polished and decolored cork composite board on the lower pressing plate with the right side facing upwards, then putting the upper mould and the upper pressing plate, and then pushing the upper mould and the upper pressing plate into a preheated working table of the hot press. And (3) according to the required pressure of the material and the depth design of the relief texture, 2-4 Mpa, the temperature of 80-185 ℃, 2-3 times of air release, 5-10 seconds each time, and the time requirement of heat preservation and pressure maintaining (the time of heat preservation and pressure maintaining is determined according to the thickness and the density and is generally 5-60 minutes).
b. Carving characters, pictures and patterns with any shape and size of convex lines 3 and concave lines 4 by a carving machine or manually; and drilling and milling holes and grooves 5 for decoration and heat dissipation, drilling and milling the holes and grooves 5 with different patterns according to the requirements of design patterns, and drilling and milling reinforced silencing decoration holes and grooves which are arranged in regular patterns and have any hole diameter or width of more than or equal to 10mm, wherein the depth is about half of the plate thickness.
c. The embossed words, pictures and patterns with the convex patterns 3 and the concave patterns 4 are drawn by laser or manual electric or fire iron fire.
d. And printing a relief sculpture, a character, a picture and a texture pattern with convex patterns 3 and concave patterns 4 on the cork composite board by adopting a 3D printer.
6) Surface modification and protection:
taking off the burr of the relief and polishing. According to the design requirements, the parts and the colors are coated with pigments, noctilucent powder, non-ferrous metal powder, antioxidants and the like with different colors. The surface is coated with transparent natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer coating, waterproof layer and dust-proof layer, and the natural color is kept unchanged.
The environment-friendly decorative board and the coiled material compounded by the plane and the relief cork realize the mechanical automation, continuous large-scale and low-thermal conductivity cork paper and artificial board compounding of the cork composite material for the first time, and a plurality of processes are finished by one-step molding. The flat press adopts a high-frequency heating and blank waste heat compounding process method, so that the process is environment-friendly, efficient, energy-saving and production cost-reducing.
The wide panel and the coiled material product have the functions of environmental protection, light weight, heat insulation (cold and hot), sound insulation, sound absorption, damping and shock absorption, flame retardance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, weather resistance and the like.
The cork compound environment-friendly decorative material has the main purposes that: passenger vehicle floors, passenger ship, yacht, interior and exterior wall plates of motor homes and railways; building interior and exterior decoration and partition board, door, furniture, handrail, heat preservation and no-accumulation outdoor pattern board material; meanwhile, the high-grade cork composite floor, cultural background wall boards, characters, pictures, artworks and the like can be manufactured.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, and thus, modifications and variations may be made in the invention by those skilled in the art, which will embody the principles of the invention and achieve the objects and objectives of the invention while remaining within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The cork composite material is characterized by comprising a cork composite material layer (2) and a reinforcing material layer (1), wherein the cork composite material layer (2) and the reinforcing material layer (1) are compounded into a whole through extrusion, and the structure of the cork composite material comprises a double-layer single-face structure, a three-layer double-face structure, a three-layer six-face structure and a double-layer special-shaped structure.
2. The cork composite material according to claim 1, wherein the cork composite material layer (2) comprises glue-mixed cork, puffed semi-carbonized cork particles, flame retardant auxiliary material, and antiseptic auxiliary material; the reinforced material layer (1) is a metal plate, the reinforced material layer (1) can also be an artificial plate made of a composite material, and the reinforced material layer (1) can also be plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and mesh cloth with soft texture.
3. A cork composite according to claim 2, characterized in that the glue-coated cork has a density of 0.16g/cm3—0.6g/cm3The glue-mixing cork is a mixture of cork and an adhesive.
4. A cork composite according to claim 3, characterized in that the adhesive is any one or mixture of epoxy, polyurethane, rubber type adhesive, isonitrile acid ester, vinyl acetate-ethylene co-emulsion, polyacrylic acid.
5. The cork composite material according to claim 2, wherein the flame retardant auxiliary material is one or a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, silica powder, basalt powder, boron phenolic, ceramic powder, carbon fiber, zinc-based rust inhibitor powder, graphene and pigment; the anticorrosive auxiliary material is a mixture of zinc oxide, zinc and graphene.
6. A cork composite according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a balancing layer (6), said balancing layer (6) being located on the lower surface of the reinforcing material layer (1) and being compounded in one piece with the reinforcing material layer (1); the cork composite material layer (2) comprises a granular mixture of glue-mixed cork particles, wood fibers, flame-retardant auxiliary materials and preservatives; the reinforced material layer (1) is an environment-friendly molded artificial board taking wood, bamboo and straw as raw materials, and the reinforced material layer (1) can also be a coiled material with softer texture; the balance layer (6) is made of cork paper.
7. A cork composite according to claim 6, characterized in that said artificial boards comprise laminates, fibreboards, oriented strand boards, block boards and wood-plastic boards; the coiled material with softer texture comprises a PVC coiled material, a cork rubber-plastic composite coiled material, plant fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, chemical fiber cloth and screen cloth.
8. A method of making a cork composite according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
1) preparing materials: fully stirring the materials of the cork compound material layer (2) according to the requirement until the materials are uniformly mixed.
2) Spreading materials:
a. paving materials by using a single-layer and multi-layer flat press: the laminating machine adopts a high-frequency heating method, when the double-layer single-side structure cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is prepared, the reinforcing material layer (1) is directly paved on the lower pressing plate, the cork composite material layer (2) is paved on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), the upper pressing plate is aligned with the lower pressing plate, and then the cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is pushed into the laminating machine; when the three-layer single-face structure cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is prepared, the balance layer (6) is paved on the lower pressing plate, the reinforcing material layer (1) is further arranged on the upper surface of the balance layer (6), the cork composite material layer (2) is paved on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), the upper pressing plate is aligned with the lower pressing plate, and then the cork composite environment-friendly decorative material is pushed into a press;
b. spreading by a continuous press: firstly, laying a balance layer (3) on a lower pressing plate, then laying an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher heat reinforcing material layer (1) from an artificial board machine, directly laying a mixture of a cork composite material layer (2) on the environment-friendly artificial board by using a laying machine, and covering an upper pressing plate; the continuous press is conveyed to the steel strip and directly into the press.
C. Paving the hot plate blank: paving an environment-friendly artificial board with a higher heat reinforcing material layer (1) just coming out of the artificial board machine on the upper surface of the balance layer (3), directly paving a cork composite material layer (2) on the environment-friendly artificial board with higher heat by using a paving machine, and placing an upper pressing plate; stacking the layers on a press worktable, and pressing by a press.
3) Curing, forming and blank making:
adopting a flat single-layer or multi-layer flat press or a continuous press, wherein the flat press adopts high-frequency heating, other manufactured boards are heated in a traditional mode, and the press is designed to have pressure, temperature and time, deflate, preserve heat and pressure for pressurization time according to the material and thickness of the cork compound environment-friendly decorative board; after the hot plate blank is taken out of the machine, a balance layer (6) is paved on the lower pressing plate, a cork composite material layer (2) is paved on the hot plate blank, and then the hot plate blank is pushed into a cold press to be solidified and shaped by utilizing the waste heat of the plate blank;
the hot slabs coming out of the flat press and the continuous press are both unfixed blanks. Cutting edges of the plate blank to leave margins; according to the design structure requirement, a cork composite material layer (2), a balance layer (6) and a reinforcing material layer (1) are paved between an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate of a press; and (3) putting the cork compound material layer on a working table of a press layer by layer, stacking the cork compound material layer in order under a large-amplitude press, pressurizing, keeping the temperature for about 24 hours, and utilizing waste heat to compound and solidify the cork on the surface of the cork compound material layer (2), the reinforcing material layer (1) and the balance layer (6).
And (3) continuous press coiled material setting: according to design requirements, sequentially paving a balance layer (6), a reinforcing material layer (1) and a cork composite material layer (2) on a conveying lower steel belt, entering a press, and automatically discharging plates according to the designed pressure, temperature and time; and (5) molding by sections by using a flat machine to produce the cork compound environment-friendly decorative coiled material.
4) A sizing procedure:
the method comprises the steps of flatly pressing a plate to remove burrs, determining the size of a length and a width, grinding, thickness fixing and polishing by using a thickness fixing sander, and sanding, thickness fixing and polishing a coiled material by using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the texture of concave grains (3) and convex grains (4) on the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer (2) according to the designed pattern; and drilling and milling holes and grooves (5) for decorating and radiating.
6) Surface modification and protection:
taking off the burr of the relief and polishing. According to the design requirements, the parts and the colors are coated with pigments, noctilucent powder, non-ferrous metal powder, antioxidants and the like with different colors. The surface is coated with transparent natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer coating, waterproof layer and dust-proof layer, and the natural color is kept unchanged.
9. A method of making a cork composite according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
1) preparing materials: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cork composite material layer (2), and uniformly mixing and stirring; pouring the puffed cork particles into a stirrer, uniformly stirring and mixing the adhesive, the flame retardant and the antirust agent by using a liquid stirrer, spraying the mixture on the cork particles in the stirrer, and stirring for 10-20 minutes until the mixture is uniform; feeding into a material box for later use;
2) spreading materials: a. double-layer single-side composite paving: coating an adhesive on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), placing the reinforcing material layer (1) on a lower pressing plate of a flat press with the non-adhesive surface facing downwards; paving the cork composite material layer (2) on the gluing surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), and covering an upper pressing plate of a flat press which is wiped by a release agent;
b. two-sided stone of three-layer structure: placing a loading frame for containing the cork composite material layer (2) on a lower pressing plate, paving the cork composite material layer (2) in the loading frame, placing a reinforcing material layer (1) with adhesive coated on two surfaces, removing the loading mold, placing a thickness setting gauge, and covering an upper pressing plate which is wiped with a parting medium;
c. paving materials on a three-layer six-face cladding structure, paving a cork composite material layer (2) on a lower pressing plate, paving a reinforcing material layer (1) with double-face glue, paving a cork composite material layer (2) on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), wherein the paving width is larger than the edge of the reinforcing material layer (1) by 3cm, installing a thickness gauge, and covering the upper pressing plate;
d. paving the special-shaped piece, namely, arranging the reinforcing material layer (1) and the cork composite material layer (2) in a customized mould, and pressurizing the paved cork composite material layer (2);
e. paving a coiled material: paving the cork composite material layer (2) on a conveying steel belt of the paving machine by using an automatic paving machine, placing a reinforcing material layer (1) with two surfaces coated with adhesives, paving the cork composite material layer (2) on the upper surface of the reinforcing material layer (1), covering an upper pressing plate with relief patterns on the upper surface and the lower surface, and enabling the continuous press to automatically enter the press.
3) Composite molding and blank making: and (2) sending the plate blank paved with the cork composite material layer (2) and the reinforcing material layer (1) into a press for extrusion composite molding, deflating for 2-3 times according to the pressure of 2-4 Mpa, the temperature of 80-185 ℃, the temperature of 5-10 seconds each time and the heat preservation time of 5-60 minutes, heating by high frequency to solidify the plate blank, unloading the plate blank, cooling, stacking the plate blank regularly, and aging for 7-15 days.
4) Deburring the plate, determining the length and width dimensions, and grinding and polishing the plate by using a fixed-thickness sander; the width and the length of the coiled material are determined on a production line; and (5) using a vacuum sander or a buffing machine to fix the thickness and polish.
5) Preparing a relief: manufacturing the texture of concave grains (3) and convex grains (4) on the upper surface of the polished and decolored cork composite material layer (2) according to the designed pattern; and drilling and milling holes and grooves (5) for decorating and radiating.
6) Surface modification and protection: removing the embossment burrs, polishing, and coating pigments, noctilucent powder and antioxidants with different colors and materials on the cork composite board; the surface is coated with natural biological oil, wax or synthetic polymer transparent paint, which is waterproof and dustproof.
10. The cork composite material preparation method according to claim 9, in step 1, the cork fineness in the cork composite material layer (2) is 12-60 mesh.
CN202010057805.5A 2020-01-19 2020-01-19 Cork wood composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN111267201A (en)

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