CN111265251A - Doppler spectrum correction method and device - Google Patents

Doppler spectrum correction method and device Download PDF

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CN111265251A
CN111265251A CN202010073272.XA CN202010073272A CN111265251A CN 111265251 A CN111265251 A CN 111265251A CN 202010073272 A CN202010073272 A CN 202010073272A CN 111265251 A CN111265251 A CN 111265251A
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CN111265251B (en
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马克涛
宋昊
于琦
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Qingdao Hisense Medical Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Doppler spectrum correction method and equipment, relates to the technical field of image processing, and aims to solve the problem that a Doppler spectrum obtained by PW mode detection is easy to generate aliasing distortion. The method comprises the following steps: when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in a designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining a target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to a detected echo signal, wherein the target blood flow velocity is the blood flow velocity when the energy of the echo signal is maximum; and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal. Because the Doppler spectrum is corrected based on the target blood flow velocity to obtain a more accurate spectrogram, the method is simple and easy to implement, and the aliasing effect caused by the low PRF can be compensated.

Description

Doppler spectrum correction method and device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to a doppler spectrum correction method and apparatus.
Background
In an ultrasound system, a pulse wave transmission scheme is commonly used. The ultrasonic pulse wave can image human tissues and can also image radial blood flow to estimate the speed of the radial blood flow. The principle of ultrasonic Pulse wave imaging radial blood flow is based on doppler effect, wherein PW (Pulse wave) is a commonly used imaging mode for radial blood flow, that is, radial blood flow in a certain minimum range in a patient is imaged in time with all existing radial velocities, which helps the patient to detect.
When the Pulse wave detection scheme is adopted, the maximum radial blood flow velocity which can be detected has a direct proportion relation with the Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) of the Pulse wave. While in practice the PRF of the pulse wave cannot be very high, which limits the maximum detectable radial blood flow velocity. If the actual blood flow velocity exceeds the maximum detectable radial blood flow velocity, then doppler aliasing distortion of the PW mode results.
In summary, the doppler spectrum obtained by PW mode detection is prone to aliasing distortion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a Doppler spectrum correction method and equipment, which are used for solving the problem that the Doppler spectrum obtained by PW mode detection in the prior art is easy to generate aliasing distortion.
In a first aspect, a doppler spectrum correction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in a designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining a target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to a detected echo signal, wherein the target blood flow velocity is the blood flow velocity when the energy of the echo signal is maximum;
and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
According to the method, after the Doppler spectrum of the designated area is detected through the pulse wave, the Doppler spectrum is corrected based on the target blood flow velocity, the method is simple and easy to realize, the front end of an ultrasonic system, an FPGA (Field-programmable gate Array) and the like are not involved, the method can be realized only in a PC (personal computer), and the existing system is not required to be greatly changed; in addition, the Doppler aliasing distortion can be corrected to obtain a more accurate spectrogram; the method can be deployed in a low-end machine, and the low-end machine can compensate the aliasing effect caused by the low PRF because the PRF of the pulse wave is often low.
In an optional embodiment, before the correcting the doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated region according to the target blood flow velocity, the method further includes:
determining that the target blood flow velocity meets a limit condition of a preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited by the following conditions:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave at this time, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to the preset pulse repetition frequency.
According to the method, when the target blood flow velocity is determined not to meet the limit condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency, the Doppler spectrum can be determined to generate aliasing. The maximum blood flow velocity which can be detected at this time can be determined based on the preset pulse repetition frequency of the pulse wave detection at this time, so that the Doppler spectrum is corrected when the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity which can be detected at this time, and correction is not needed under other conditions, so that the detection is simple and efficient.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum comprises a doppler spectrum;
the correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity comprises:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
According to the method, the actual frequency, namely the corresponding relation between the corrected frequency and the frequency to be corrected, can be determined based on the characteristics of target blood flow velocity and frequency aliasing, the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum can be obtained by shifting the frequency spectrum of the Doppler frequency spectrogram according to the corresponding relation, and the method is simple, efficient and easy to implement.
In an optional embodiment, the determining a correspondence between a frequency to be corrected in the doppler spectrum and an actual frequency according to the target blood flow velocity includes:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and the preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
According to the method, the value of the actual frequency is continuously adjusted based on the characteristic of frequency aliasing, when the absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment and the value of the absolute value is the minimum, the corresponding relation between the actual frequency and the frequency to be corrected can be determined by taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected, the Doppler frequency spectrum can be corrected based on the corresponding relation, and the actual frequency obtained through correction is realized based on the frequency corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, so that the method is more accurate and reliable.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum;
the correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity further comprises:
aiming at any one moment, determining the actual blood flow velocity at the moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
The method corrects the Doppler velocity spectrum based on the corrected Doppler spectrogram and the relation between the frequency and the velocity, and has a simple calculation mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a doppler spectrum correction apparatus, including: a processor and a memory;
wherein the memory stores program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the following:
when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in a designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining the target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to the detected echo signals;
and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
In an optional embodiment, the processor is further configured to:
before correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, determining that the target blood flow velocity meets a limit condition of a preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited by the following conditions:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave at this time, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to the preset pulse repetition frequency.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum comprises a doppler spectrum;
the processor is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
In an alternative embodiment, the processor is specifically configured to:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and the preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum;
the processor is further configured to:
aiming at any one moment, determining the actual blood flow velocity at the moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a doppler spectrum correction apparatus, where the apparatus includes a detection module and a correction module:
the detection module is used for determining the target blood flow velocity of the specified area according to the detected echo signal when the blood flow velocity of the blood flow in the specified area is detected through the pulse wave;
and the correction module is used for correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer storage medium having stored thereon program code which, when executed by a processing unit, performs the steps of the method of the first aspect.
In addition, for technical effects brought by any one implementation manner of the second aspect to the fourth aspect, reference may be made to technical effects brought by different implementation manners of the first aspect, and details are not described here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of ultrasound pulse wave blood flow imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a doppler spectrum calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a complete method for Doppler spectrum correction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a doppler spectrum calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a doppler spectrum calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Some of the words that appear in the text are explained below:
1. the term "and/or" in the embodiments of the present invention describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
2. The term "terminal device" in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a mobile communication device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer, a personal digital assistant, and other electronic devices that can be installed with software.
3. In the embodiment of the invention, the term "doppler effect" means that the wavelength of object radiation changes due to the relative motion of a light source and an observer, the wave is compressed in front of a moving wave source, the wavelength becomes shorter, the frequency becomes higher, the opposite effect is generated behind the moving wave source, the wavelength becomes longer, the frequency becomes lower, the higher the speed of the wave source is, the greater the generated effect is, according to the degree of red/blue shift of the light wave, the speed of the wave source moving along the observation direction can be calculated, and the displacement of the star spectral line shows the speed of the star moving along the observation direction, which is called doppler effect.
4. The term "pulse wave" in the present embodiment refers to an intermittent electrical signal that occurs abruptly with a very short duration. Any voltage or current that occurs intermittently is referred to as a pulsed voltage or a pulsed current. Telecommunication waveforms, except for sine waves and continuous waves synthesized from several sinusoidal components, may be referred to as impulse waves. Common pulse waves include rectangular waves, sawtooth waves, triangular waves, spike waves and step waves. In the embodiment of the invention, radial blood flow can be imaged through ultrasonic pulse waves, and dynamic change information of the blood flow in a certain designated area is displayed.
5. The term "doppler spectrum" in the embodiment of the present invention is a spectrogram for displaying dynamic change information of blood flow, including a doppler spectrum and a doppler velocity spectrum; wherein the vertical axis of the Doppler spectrum shows frequency and the horizontal axis shows time; the vertical axis of the Doppler velocity spectrum shows velocity and the horizontal axis shows time.
6. The term "echo signal" in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a signal that arrives at a given point through a path other than a normal path. The echo is generated because the signal is reflected by the reflector, and the reflector absorbs a part of energy to generate an original signal with attenuation delay, and the original signal is superposed to form the echo.
7. The term "nyquist theorem" in the embodiments of the present invention is an information rate according to which the limiting rate (symbol rate) of a channel is equal to the channel bandwidth (low-pass channel) and is equal to the channel bandwidth (theoretical state). In the embodiment of the invention, under the influence of Nyquist's law, the maximum Doppler frequency shift obtained through fast Fourier transform detection is equal to half of the repetition frequency of the pulse wave. The difference between the transmitted and received frequencies due to the doppler effect is called doppler shift. It reveals the law that the wave properties change during motion.
The application scenario described in the embodiment of the present invention is for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and does not form a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be known by a person skilled in the art that with the occurrence of a new application scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to similar technical problems. In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In medical ultrasound imaging, common imaging modes are CDFI (Color Doppler flow imaging), PW, and CW (Continuous Wave).
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of PW-based blood flow imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, in which a pulse wave is sent to a human tissue Z0 through a probe, and the pulse wave is reflected by a red blood cell hemoglobin Z1 in the blood flow.
Wherein pulsed wave doppler is transmitted and received by the same wafer (or group of wafers). It takes less time to transmit and more time to receive. After the pulse wave signal is transmitted to the appointed area through the wafer, because of the blood flow velocity, the hemoglobin continuously moves, the hemoglobin reflects the pulse wave, which is equivalent to the transmitted signal, and the probe receives the signal again. And then receiving the reflected pulse wave, and imaging according to the received reflected pulse wave. Therefore, by collecting the echo signals of the designated area, the spectrogram can be generated by processing the echo signals.
However, since the pulse repetition frequency is used to adjust the blood flow velocity range, when the PRF is less than the nyquist frequency of the doppler blood flow signal, the doppler spectrogram will be aliased, making it difficult to detect high-velocity blood flow.
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a doppler spectrum correction method and device, which are simple and easy to implement, fast and accurate, and can be conveniently deployed in software of a terminal device such as a PC, so as to implement simple and efficient aliasing correction on a doppler spectrum, and the doppler spectrum of blood flow in the specified region is corrected based on a target blood flow velocity.
With respect to the above scenario, the following describes an embodiment of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings of the specification.
As shown in fig. 2, a doppler spectrum calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
step 21: when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in the designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining a target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to the detected echo signals, wherein the target blood flow velocity is the blood flow velocity when the energy of the echo signals is maximum;
step 22: and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signals.
According to the scheme, after the Doppler spectrum of the designated area is detected through the pulse wave, the Doppler spectrum is corrected based on the target blood flow velocity, the method is simple and easy to realize, the front end of an ultrasonic system, an FPGA (field programmable gate array) and the like are not involved, the method can be realized only in a PC (personal computer), and the existing system is not required to be greatly changed; in addition, the Doppler aliasing distortion can be corrected to obtain a more accurate spectrogram; the method can be deployed in a low-end machine, and the low-end machine can compensate the aliasing effect caused by the low PRF because the PRF of the pulse wave is often low.
In an alternative embodiment, the target blood flow velocity is determined by a cross-correlation estimation algorithm.
When the target blood flow velocity is determined by the cross-correlation estimation algorithm, the blood flow is inverted without an FFT (Fast fourier transform) mode, the delay is calculated by using the cross-correlation technique, and the target blood flow velocity is directly estimated by the delay, and the specific calculation mode is as follows:
τmax＝arg max R12(formula one)
Wherein R is12Is a cross-correlation function of any two points in the blood flow range of a specified region when pulse wave detection is carried out, taumaxIs a cross-correlation function R12The corresponding delay when taking the maximum value.
Figure BDA0002377807110000091
Wherein f is1(t) is the echo signal of point 1, f2(t) is the echo signal of point 2, t is the echo time, τ is the delay, and point 1 and point 2 are any two sampling points selected in the designated area.
The target blood flow velocity v calculated in this way without PRF limitation is:
Figure BDA0002377807110000092
wherein c is the sound velocity, namely the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic pulse wave in blood; PRF is the pulse repetition frequency.
Although PRF appears in formula three, PRF at this time no longer limits the maximum detectable blood flow velocity, but serves as a basic parameter. In this case, the obtained target blood flow velocity is the blood flow velocity when the echo signal energy is the strongest.
It should be noted that the blood flow velocity in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the radial blood flow velocity, and the listed manner of calculating the target blood flow velocity through the cross-correlation estimation algorithm is only an example, and any manner that can calculate the target blood flow velocity is applicable to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above embodiment, although the cross-correlation estimation algorithm makes the calculation no longer limited by the PRF, it is considered that the cross-correlation estimation algorithm can only obtain the velocity at the strongest energy, and cannot obtain the velocity distribution over the whole doppler spectrum. Therefore, after the target blood flow velocity is calculated by the cross-correlation estimation algorithm, the doppler spectrum still needs to be obtained by the traditional PW mode doppler spectrum algorithm.
In an alternative embodiment, before correcting the doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, it is first determined that the target blood flow velocity satisfies the constraint condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pulse repetition frequency is set according to the actual situation of the system, and a plurality of selectable gear positions are generally set in the system, and each gear position corresponds to one pulse repetition frequency. The preset pulse repetition frequency of the pulse detection is a preset pulse repetition frequency, for example, 3 gears are provided, which are the gear a, the gear B and the gear C, respectively, and the pulse repetition frequency is selected from the gear a before the pulse detection starts, that is, the preset pulse repetition frequency is the pulse repetition frequency corresponding to the gear a.
Wherein, the limiting conditions of the preset pulse repetition frequency are as follows: the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to a preset pulse repetition frequency.
Specifically, when the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to the preset pulse wave repetition frequency, the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002377807110000101
wherein v ismaxIs the maximum blood flow velocity, fmaxIs the maximum Doppler frequency shift obtained by FFT detection, c is the sound velocity, f0Is the ultrasonic emission frequency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since it is influenced by the nyquist law in the signal principle,
Figure BDA0002377807110000102
wherein PRF is the ultrasound pulse repetition frequency. If the actual blood flow velocity exceeds the maximum detectable radial blood flow velocity, then doppler spectrum aliasing distortion of the PW mode results.
When the target blood flow velocity meets the limit condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency, the doppler spectrum can be determined to be subjected to aliasing, and therefore the doppler spectrum needs to be corrected.
For example, the target blood flow velocity v0 is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity vmaxThen it can be determined that the target blood flow velocity satisfies the constraint condition, and the doppler spectrum estimated by the conventional PW mode doppler algorithm is subject to aliasing.
Optionally, if it is determined that the target blood flow velocity does not satisfy the constraint condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency, it is determined that the doppler spectrum is substantially free from aliasing, and therefore, the doppler spectrum does not need to be corrected.
For example, the target blood flow velocity v0 is less than the maximum blood flow velocity vmaxThen it can be determined that the target blood flow velocity does not satisfy the restriction condition, and the doppler spectrum estimated by the conventional PW mode doppler algorithm is not aliased.
Wherein, the target blood flow velocity is obtained by calculating through a formula three, and the maximum blood flow velocity is obtained by calculating through a formula four.
In the above embodiment, the maximum blood flow velocity that can be detected this time can be determined based on the preset pulse repetition frequency of the pulse wave detection this time, so that when the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity that can be detected this time, the doppler spectrum is corrected, and under other conditions, the correction is not needed, so that the detection is simpler and more efficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when estimating a doppler spectrum by using a conventional PW mode doppler algorithm, the estimation is implemented based on FFT detection, and when performing FFT detection on an acquired echo signal, a doppler spectrum is obtained, and a doppler velocity spectrum is obtained based on a relationship between frequency and blood flow velocity, where the relationship between frequency and blood flow velocity can be calculated by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002377807110000111
where v is the blood flow velocity, f is the Doppler shift obtained by FFT detection, c is the sound velocity, f0Is the ultrasonic emission frequency.
In the embodiment of the invention, the blood flow velocity corresponding to the frequency can be obtained based on the formula six, and then the Doppler velocity spectrum can be obtained according to the Doppler frequency spectrum.
In an alternative embodiment, the Doppler spectrum comprises a Doppler spectrum; when the Doppler frequency spectrum of blood flow in a designated area is corrected according to the target blood flow velocity, firstly, the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected in the Doppler frequency spectrum and the actual frequency is determined according to the target blood flow velocity; and then, carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
The frequency to be corrected refers to the frequency in the Doppler spectrum obtained by the traditional PW mode Doppler algorithm, namely the frequency obtained after mixing and stacking and the frequency to be corrected; the actual frequency refers to the frequency that needs to be corrected.
Optionally, the corresponding relationship between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the doppler spectrum is determined according to the target blood flow velocity, and the specific process is as follows:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment; the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and a preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
Wherein, according to the characteristic of aliasing, the following formula is provided:
Figure BDA0002377807110000121
wherein f isaIs the actual frequency, i.e. the frequency that is desired to be obtained by correction; f. ofdIs the frequency to be corrected, i.e. the frequency to be corrected; k is a natural number, i.e., an integer of 0 to ∞.
Therefore, K · PRF represents the target frequency, and the absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is | fa-K PRF |, minimum absolute value i.e. fa-K PRF | takes the minimum value.
In formula VII, the independent variables are K and faDependent variable is fd. By continuously adjusting faAnd K, determining | f under the condition of satisfying the formula sevena-K PRF | taking the minimum value at time faIs equal to fdCorresponding fa。
Wherein f isaIs determined according to the target blood flow velocity, faThe lower limit of the value range is smaller than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and a preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
For example, when the target blood flow velocity is v0, the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity is f 2 ＊ f according to the sixth equation0＊v/C。
Suppose faHas a value range of [ fa，min，fa，max]Then there is fa，min＜f＝2*f0*v/c＜fa，max. Wherein a suitable minimum value f can be determined empiricallya，minAnd maximum value fa，maxOn either side of f.
In the embodiment of the invention, based on the formulas seven and fdAnd faThe value range of (c) can be establisheddAnd faIn a corresponding relationship of F, wherein F (F)a)＝fd. Further, according to fdAnd faThe obtained Doppler spectrum is shifted to obtain corrected Doppler spectrumThe doppler spectrum.
It should be noted that the doppler spectrum aliasing correction method described in the embodiment of the present invention is only a distance description, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the described correction method, and other methods for performing correction based on the target blood flow velocity are also applicable to the embodiment of the present invention.
The method continuously adjusts the value of the actual frequency based on the characteristic of frequency aliasing, when the absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment and the value of the absolute value is minimum, the corresponding relation between the actual frequency and the frequency to be corrected can be determined by taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected, so that the correction of the Doppler frequency spectrum can be realized based on the corresponding relation, and the actual frequency obtained by correction is realized based on the frequency corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, and is more accurate and reliable.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum; the Doppler velocity spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area is corrected according to the target blood flow velocity, and the specific process is as follows:
determining the actual blood flow velocity at any moment according to the actual frequency at the moment; and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
For example, the actual frequency at time t1 is fa1, and the actual blood flow velocity va1 at time t1 is obtained based on the sixth expression (fa1 ＊ c)/(2 ＊ f)0) Similarly, if the actual frequency at time t2 is fa2, the corresponding actual blood flow velocity is va1 ═ fa2 ＊ c)/(2 ＊ f0) And so on. Based on the corrected doppler spectrum and the formula six, a corrected doppler velocity spectrum can be obtained.
The method corrects the Doppler velocity spectrum based on the corrected Doppler spectrogram and the relation between the frequency and the velocity, and has a simple calculation mode.
As shown in fig. 3, a complete method for doppler spectrum correction according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 31, determining a target blood flow speed based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm;
step 32, judging whether the target blood flow velocity meets the limit condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency, if so, executing step 33; otherwise, go to step 35;
step 33, estimating a Doppler spectrum by a traditional pulse wave mode Doppler spectrum algorithm;
step 34, calibrating the Doppler spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and step 35, estimating the Doppler spectrum through a traditional pulse wave mode Doppler spectrum algorithm.
In step 33 or step 35, the doppler spectrum is estimated by the conventional pulse wave mode doppler spectrum algorithm, that is, the doppler spectrum is obtained based on the fast fourier transform, and the doppler velocity spectrum is generated based on the doppler spectrum.
In the above embodiment, the cross-correlation function R in the cross-correlation estimation algorithm is considered12The calculation is more complex and the time consumption is longer; the cross-correlation estimation algorithm can only obtain the velocity on the strongest energy, and cannot obtain the velocity distribution on the whole Doppler spectrum, the traditional PW mode Doppler spectrum calculation algorithm and the cross-correlation estimation algorithm are combined, and when the PW mode starts, the cross-correlation estimation algorithm is firstly used for estimating an approximate blood flow velocity, namely the target blood flow velocity; determining whether to correct a Doppler spectrum calculated based on a traditional PW mode Doppler spectrum algorithm by judging whether the target blood flow velocity meets the limit condition of a preset pulse repetition frequency; in the method, the calculation amount is small, and the Doppler spectrum obtained based on the target blood flow velocity is accurate and reliable.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a doppler spectrum correction apparatus 400, including: a processor 401 and a memory 402;
wherein the memory 402 stores program code which, when executed by the processor 401, causes the processor 401 to perform the following process:
when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in the designated area is detected through the pulse wave, determining the target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to the detected echo signal;
and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signals.
In an alternative embodiment, the processor 401 is further configured to:
before correcting the Doppler spectrum of blood flow in a designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, determining that the target blood flow velocity meets the limit condition of preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited as follows:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to a preset pulse repetition frequency.
In an alternative embodiment, the Doppler spectrum comprises a Doppler spectrum;
the processor 401 is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
In an alternative embodiment, the processor 401 is specifically configured to:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and a preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum;
the processor 401 is further configured to:
determining the actual blood flow velocity at any moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a doppler spectrum correction apparatus 500, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes: detection module 501 and correction module 502:
the detection module 501 is configured to determine a target blood flow velocity of a specified region according to a detected echo signal when detecting a blood flow velocity of a blood flow in the specified region through a pulse wave;
and the correcting module 502 is configured to correct a doppler spectrum of blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, where the doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
In an optional implementation, the detection module 501 is specifically configured to:
before the correction module 502 corrects the doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, determining that the target blood flow velocity meets the constraint condition of the preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited as follows:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to a preset pulse repetition frequency.
In an alternative embodiment, the Doppler spectrum comprises a Doppler spectrum;
the correction module 502 is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
In an alternative embodiment, the correction module 502 is specifically configured to:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and a preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
In an alternative embodiment, the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum;
the correction module 502 is further configured to:
determining the actual blood flow velocity at any moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
In some possible implementations, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, which may include at least one processing unit and at least one storage unit. Wherein the storage unit stores program code which, when executed by the processing unit, causes the processing unit to perform the steps in the doppler spectrum correction method according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention described in this specification. For example, the processing unit may perform the steps as shown in fig. 2.
The computing device 60 according to this embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 6. The computing device 60 of fig. 6 is only one example and should not impose any limitations on the scope of use or functionality of embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, computing device 60 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. Components of computing device 60 may include, but are not limited to: the at least one processing unit 61, the at least one memory unit 62, and a bus 63 connecting the various system components (including the memory unit 62 and the processing unit 61).
Bus 63 represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a processor, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.
The storage unit 62 may include readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)621 and/or cache memory unit 622, and may further include Read Only Memory (ROM) 623.
The storage unit 62 may also include a program/utility 625 having a set (at least one) of program modules 624, such program modules 624 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which, or some combination thereof, may comprise an implementation of a network environment.
Computing device 60 may also communicate with one or more external devices 64 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with computing device 60, and/or with any devices (e.g., router, modem, etc.) that enable computing device 60 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through an input/output (I/O) interface 65. Also, computing device 60 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet) through network adapter 66. As shown, network adapter 66 communicates with other modules for computing device 60 over bus 63. It should be understood that although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with computing device 60, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
In some possible embodiments, various aspects of the doppler spectrum correction method provided by the present invention can also be implemented in the form of a program product including program code for causing a computing device to perform the steps in the doppler spectrum correction method according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention described above in this specification when the program product is run on the computing device, for example, the computing device may perform the steps as shown in fig. 2.
The program product may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The program product of point-of-interest data processing of embodiments of the present invention may employ a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a computing device. However, the program product of the present invention is not limited thereto, and in this document, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.
A readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium that is not a readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user computing device, partly on the user equipment, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of remote computing devices, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider).
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A doppler spectrum correction method, comprising:
when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in a designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining a target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to a detected echo signal, wherein the target blood flow velocity is the blood flow velocity when the energy of the echo signal is maximum;
and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to said correcting the doppler spectrum of blood flow in the designated area based on the target blood flow velocity:
determining that the target blood flow velocity meets a limit condition of a preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation algorithm; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited by the following conditions:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave at this time, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to the preset pulse repetition frequency.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the doppler spectrum comprises a doppler spectrum;
the correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity comprises:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said determining a correspondence between a frequency to be corrected in the Doppler spectrum and an actual frequency from the target blood flow velocity comprises:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and the preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the Doppler spectrum further comprises a Doppler velocity spectrum; the correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity further comprises:
aiming at any one moment, determining the actual blood flow velocity at the moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
6. A doppler spectrum correction apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
a processor and a memory;
wherein the memory stores program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the following:
when the blood flow velocity of blood flow in a designated area is detected through pulse waves, determining the target blood flow velocity of the designated area according to the detected echo signals;
and correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, wherein the Doppler spectrum is obtained by performing fast Fourier transform detection on the echo signal.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the processor is further to:
before correcting the Doppler spectrum of the blood flow in the designated area according to the target blood flow velocity, determining that the target blood flow velocity meets a limit condition of a preset pulse repetition frequency, wherein the target blood flow velocity is determined based on a cross-correlation estimation device; the preset pulse repetition frequency is limited by the following conditions:
the target blood flow velocity is greater than the maximum blood flow velocity detected by the pulse wave at this time, wherein the maximum blood flow velocity is determined according to the preset pulse repetition frequency.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the Doppler spectrum comprises a Doppler spectrum;
the processor is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the frequency to be corrected and the actual frequency in the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the target blood flow velocity;
and carrying out spectrum shifting on the Doppler frequency spectrum according to the corresponding relation to obtain the corrected Doppler frequency spectrum.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein the processor is specifically configured to:
continuously adjusting the value of the actual frequency at any moment, and taking the value of the actual frequency as the actual frequency corresponding to the frequency to be corrected when the minimum absolute value of the difference between the actual frequency and the target frequency is the same as the frequency to be corrected at the moment;
the lower limit of the value range of the actual frequency is smaller than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the upper limit of the value range is larger than the frequency corresponding to the frequency value corresponding to the target blood flow velocity, the target frequency is the product of a preset value and the preset pulse repetition frequency, and the preset value is a natural number.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, wherein the doppler spectrum further comprises a doppler velocity spectrum;
the processor is further configured to:
aiming at any one moment, determining the actual blood flow velocity at the moment according to the actual frequency at the moment;
and obtaining the corrected Doppler velocity spectrum according to the actual blood flow velocity at each moment.
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