CN111264715B - Green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a green feed for improving the weaning weight of piglets, which comprises the following steps: mixing cotton fibers, straws and a sulfuric acid solution, standing and settling, removing supernatant, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, washing, drying, grinding and crushing to obtain a prefabricated material a; mixing the prefabricated material a, chitosan, tartaric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, fumed silica and water to obtain a premix b; uniformly mixing corn starch and water, cooling, adding the prefabricated material a, and mixing to obtain a premix c; stirring the extruded corn, the peanut meal, the fermented soybean meal, the extruded sunflower seed meal, the fish meal, the lactose and the whey powder, adding water, heating and stirring, granulating, spraying the premix b for coating to obtain a pre-coated main material; mixing the pre-coated main material, puffed corn, an acid preparation, vegetable oil, an antioxidant, choline chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrophosphate and a microelement-vitamin premix, granulating, and spraying the premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, in particular to green feed for improving the weaning weight of piglets and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The weight growth rate of the weaned piglets is influenced by the birth weight and the later-stage feeding, the later-stage growth rate of the piglets with small weight or not up to the standard is greatly influenced, the whole feeding cost is greatly improved, the economic benefit is obviously reduced, and on the other hand, the piglets with small weight are weak in constitution and low in immunity and are often infectious sources of infectious diseases, the outbreak of the infectious swine diseases can be caused due to improper treatment, and destructive attack is caused to a farm.
The transition from breast milk to feed for piglets at weaning is the most stressful for the gastrointestinal tract, directly leading to gastrointestinal allergy and diarrhea. How to feed weaned piglets and reduce the gastrointestinal tract stress response of the weaned piglets to reduce the weaning diarrhea and improve the growth speed of the weaned piglets are the most important research contents in the piglet nutrition research.
The feeding problem of weaned piglets seriously affects the production efficiency of the pig industry in China, and becomes an important factor for limiting the healthy and sustainable development of the pig industry in China. The feed additive has important significance for relieving the adverse effect of weaning stress on piglets, improving feed intake, survival rate and growth performance and obviously improving the economic benefit of scale pig production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides the green feed for increasing the weaned weight of the piglets and the preparation method thereof, which can improve the intestinal health of the piglets, increase the daily gain of the weaned piglets and the feed conversion efficiency, have comprehensive and balanced nutrition, can meet the nutritional requirements of the piglets, enhance the growth performance of the piglets, and are green and environment-friendly.
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing cotton fibers, straws and a sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 45-55 ℃, stirring, standing and settling, removing a supernatant, performing a hydrothermal reaction at 120-128 ℃, washing, drying and grinding a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing the prefabricated material a, chitosan, tartaric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, fumed silica and water, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing the corn starch and water, adjusting the temperature to 70-75 ℃, stirring and curing for 2-4min, continuously heating to 80-86 ℃, stirring and curing for 30-60S, cooling, adding the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding the puffed corn, the peanut meal, the fermented soybean meal, the puffed sunflower seed meal, the fish meal, the lactose and the whey powder into a stirrer, adding water, adjusting the temperature, stirring, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring, granulating to obtain a main particle material, and spraying a premix b for coating to obtain a main pre-coated material;
s5, mixing the pre-coated main material, the puffed corn, the acid preparation, the vegetable oil, the antioxidant, choline chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrophosphate and the microelement-vitamin premix, granulating, and spraying the premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
Preferably, in S1, the mass ratio of the cotton fiber, the straw and the sulfuric acid solution is 5-10:1-4:100 portions, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 60 to 70 percent.
Preferably, in S1, the straw is at least one of rice straw, sorghum straw, corn straw and wheat straw, and is preferably corn straw.
Preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of the prefabricated material a, the chitosan, the tartaric acid, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the fumed silica and the water is 2-4:2-5:1-3:1-2:1-2:10-20.
Preferably, in S3, the mass ratio of the corn starch, the water and the prefabricated material a is 4-10:30-50:2-4.
Preferably, in S4, the mass ratio of the expanded corn, the peanut meal, the fermented soybean meal, the expanded sunflower seed meal, the fish meal, the lactose, the whey powder and the premix b is 100-140:40-60:24-35:15-35:10-20:4-12:5-10:1-5.
Preferably, in S4, the temperature is adjusted to 50-60 ℃, stirring is carried out for 2-4h, then the temperature is increased to 100 ℃, stirring is continued for 5-12min, and granulation is carried out to obtain the main granular material with the grain diameter of 2-5 mm.
Preferably, in S5, the mass ratio of the pre-coating main material, the puffed corn, the acid preparation, the vegetable oil, the antioxidant, the choline chloride, the calcium carbonate, the calcium hydrophosphate and the trace element-vitamin premix is 100-200:10-20:1-2:2-4:0.2-1:0.1-0.5:1-2:0.5-1.2:1-2.
Preferably, in S5, the acid preparation is at least one of malic acid, lactic acid, and tartaric acid.
Preferably, the trace element-vitamin premix comprises: vitamin A and vitamin D 3 Vitamin E, vitamin K 3 Vitamin B 1 Vitamin B 2 Vitamin B 6 Vitamin B 12 Biotin, folic acid, nicotinamide, calcium pantothenate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodide, sodium selenite, selenium yeast, phytase, lysine, sodium butyrate, theanine and montmorillonite powder.
A green feed for improving the weaning weight of piglets is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) In the method S1, cotton fibers, straws and a sulfuric acid solution are mixed for proper hydrolysis, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out, so that the obtained nano-shaped prefabricated material a has high water absorption and good elasticity, the water absorption can reach 420%, and the elastic modulus can reach 0.52Mpa;
(2) In the S2, the prefabricated material a, the chitosan, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the fumed silica are matched, so that the bonding is moderate, the coating effect is good, the coated particles are in a uniform spherical structure and have good free-running property, the intestinal environment can be improved after the coated particles enter small intestines, the pH value of a digestive system is adjusted, and the diarrhea is prevented more effectively;
(3) In the S3, the corn starch is cooked twice, so that the loss of nutrient substances can be reduced, the conversion rate of the feed is improved, the gelatinization degree is increased, the prepared material a is dispersed in the corn starch, the coated feed particles can be promoted to become crisp, water absorption channels are distributed in the coated feed particles, the coated feed particles can be quickly softened after absorbing water, the dry-eating crisp piglets have good mouthfeel, and the quick softening and water-dissolving time after soaking in water is not more than 15S;
(4) In the S3, the corn starch is cured in a specific mode and then compounded with the prefabricated material a, the prefabricated material a can adjust the viscosity and the water absorption effect of the cured corn starch and then is coated on the outermost layer of the particles, when the weaned piglets are fed, the corn starch can quickly absorb water and expand while the original particle shape is kept, the corn starch is more suitable for the feeding of the weaned piglets, the feeding amount of the piglets is large when the piglets are hungry, the fed feed is quickly softened in intestines and stomach of piglets, nutrient substances are quickly absorbed, meanwhile, the prefabricated material a can promote the intestinal tract of the piglets to creep, the feed residues are discharged out of bodies, and the weight of the piglets is quickly increased;
(5) The feed obtained by the invention adopts a multi-stage coating structure, although the outer coating layer absorbs water quickly, and the inner coating layer absorbs water slowly, because the inner and outer coating layers contain the prefabricated material a, a continuous water absorption channel is formed between the inner and outer coating layers, the digestion and absorption speed of the main material in the stomach after the weaned piglet eats is slow, and the rest auxiliary materials can be digested and absorbed quickly, so that the auxiliary material accumulation and damage to the digestive tract of the piglet after the weaned piglet eats in a large amount at one time can be avoided, and the growth performance of the weaned piglet can be improved;
(6) The feed particles prepared by the invention do not contain any antibiotic, can be taken after the piglets are weaned for 3-5 days, are crisp and fragrant in taste after being eaten dry, can be quickly softened after being soaked in water, are favorable for the piglets to take, can promote the secretion of digestive juice and the peristalsis of intestines and stomach, promote the intestinal development of the piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate, improve the survival rate of the piglets and fully meet the nutritional requirements of the early growth and development of the piglets.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
In each of the following examples, the microelement-vitamin premix comprises: vitamin A and vitamin D 3 Vitamin E, vitamin K 3 Vitamin B 1 Vitamin B 2 Vitamin B 6 Vitamin B 12 Biotin, folic acid, nicotinamide, calcium pantothenate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodide, sodium selenite, selenium yeast, phytase, lysine, sodium butyrate, theanine and montmorillonite powder.
The microelement-vitamin premix is provided for each kilogram of feed: VA,1750IU; VD 3 ，200IU；VE，11IU；VK 3 ，0.50mg；VB 1 ，1.00mg；VB 2 ，3.00mg；VB 6 ，3.00mg；VB 12 15.00. Mu.g; biotin, 0.05mg; folic acid, 0.30mg; nicotinic acid, 30.00mg; pantothenic acid, 9.00mg; fe,100mg; mn,3.00mg; cu,5.00mg; i,0.14mg; se,0.30mg; phytase, 80mg.
Example 1
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 5kg of cotton fibers, 4kg of rice straws and 100kg of 60% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 5min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 128 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 2kg of the prefabricated material a, 5kg of chitosan, 1kg of tartaric acid, 2kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1kg of fumed silica and 20kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing 10kg of corn starch and 30kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, stirring and curing for 2min in a modulator, continuously heating to 86 ℃, stirring and curing for 30S, cooling, adding 4kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding 100kg of puffed corn, 60kg of peanut meal, 24kg of fermented soybean meal, 35kg of puffed sunflower seed meal, 10kg of fish meal, 12kg of lactose and 5kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 70wt%, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, stirring for 4 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 5 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 1kg of premix b for coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing 200kg of pre-coated main materials, 10kg of puffed corn, 2kg of malic acid, 2kg of vegetable oil, 1kg of antioxidant, 0.1kg of choline chloride, 2kg of calcium carbonate, 0.5kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 2kg of trace element-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the grain diameter of 8mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 5kg of premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
Example 2
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 10kg of cotton fiber, 1kg of wheat straw and 100kg of 70% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, stirring for 15min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 120 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 4kg of the prefabricated material a, 2kg of chitosan, 3kg of tartaric acid, 1kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of fumed silica and 10kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing 4kg of corn starch and 50kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 70 ℃, stirring and curing for 4min in a modulator, continuously heating to 80 ℃, stirring and curing for 60S, cooling, adding 2kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding 140kg of expanded corn, 40kg of peanut meal, 35kg of fermented soybean meal, 15kg of expanded sunflower seed meal, 20kg of fish meal, 4kg of lactose and 10kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 60wt%, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 12 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 2mm, feeding into a film coating machine, and spraying 5kg of premix b to coat to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing 100kg of pre-coated main material, 20kg of puffed corn, 1kg of lactic acid, 4kg of vegetable oil, 0.2kg of antioxidant, 0.5kg of choline chloride, 1kg of calcium carbonate, 1.2kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 1kg of premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
Example 3
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 6kg of cotton fibers, 3kg of sorghum straws and 100kg of 62% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 52 ℃, stirring for 8min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 126 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 2.5kg of the prefabricated material a, 4kg of chitosan, 1.5kg of tartaric acid, 1.8kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.3kg of fumed silica and 18kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 42 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing 8kg of corn starch and 35kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 74 ℃, stirring and curing for 2.5min in a modulator, continuously heating to 84 ℃, stirring and curing for 40S, cooling, adding 3.5kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding 110kg of expanded corn, 55kg of peanut meal, 28kg of fermented soybean meal, 30kg of expanded sunflower seed meal, 12kg of fish meal, 10kg of lactose and 6kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 67wt%, adjusting the temperature to 52 ℃, stirring for 3.5 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 6 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 4.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 2kg of premix b to perform coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing 180kg of pre-coated main material, 12kg of puffed corn, 1.7kg of tartaric acid, 2.5kg of vegetable oil, 0.8kg of antioxidant, 0.2kg of choline chloride, 1.7kg of calcium carbonate, 0.6kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.7kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 7mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 4kg of premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
Example 4
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 9kg of cotton fibers, 2kg of corn stalks and 100kg of 68% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 48 ℃, stirring for 12min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending the supernatant into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 122 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing the product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 3.5kg of the prefabricated material a, 3kg of chitosan, 2.5kg of tartaric acid, 1.2kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.7kg of fumed silica and 12kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 48 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing 6kg of corn starch and 45kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 72 ℃, stirring and curing for 3.5min in a modulator, continuously heating to 82 ℃, stirring and curing for 50S, cooling, adding 2.5kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding 130kg of expanded corn, 45kg of peanut meal, 32kg of fermented soybean meal, 20kg of expanded sunflower seed meal, 18kg of fish meal, 6kg of lactose and 8kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 63wt%, adjusting the temperature to 58 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 10 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a main particle material with the particle size of 2.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 4kg of premix b to coat to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing 120kg of pre-coated main material, 18kg of puffed corn, 1kg of malic acid, 0.3kg of lactic acid, 3.5kg of vegetable oil, 0.4kg of antioxidant, 0.4kg of choline chloride, 1.3kg of calcium carbonate, 1kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.3kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 2kg of premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weight of weaned piglets.
Example 5
A preparation method of green feed for improving weaning weight of piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 8kg of cotton fiber, 2.5kg of corn straw and 100kg of 65% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, stirring for 10min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 124 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 3kg of the prefabricated material a, 3.5kg of chitosan, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5kg of fumed silica and 15kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, uniformly mixing 7kg of corn starch and 40kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 73 ℃, stirring and curing for 3min in a modulator, continuously heating to 83 ℃, stirring and curing for 45S, cooling, adding 3kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s4, feeding 120kg of puffed corn, 50kg of peanut meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 25kg of puffed sunflower seed meal, 15kg of fish meal, 8kg of lactose and 7kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 65wt%, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 8 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 3.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix b to perform coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing 150kg of pre-coated main material, 15kg of puffed corn, 0.5kg of malic acid, 1kg of lactic acid, 3kg of vegetable oil, 0.6kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of choline chloride, 1.5kg of calcium carbonate, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.5kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6.5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix c for coating to obtain the green feed for improving the weight of weaned piglets.
In the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets, the digestion energy is 14.02MJ/kg, and the crude protein ratio is 15.57%.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a feed for weaned piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3.5kg of chitosan, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5kg of fumed silica and 15kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s2, uniformly mixing 7kg of corn starch and 40kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 73 ℃, stirring and curing for 3min in a modulator, continuously heating to 83 ℃, stirring and curing for 45S, and cooling to obtain a premix c;
s3, feeding 120kg of puffed corn, 50kg of peanut meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 25kg of puffed sunflower seed meal, 15kg of fish meal, 8kg of lactose and 7kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 65wt%, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 8 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 3.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix b to perform coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s4, mixing 150kg of pre-coated main material, 15kg of puffed corn, 0.5kg of malic acid, 1kg of lactic acid, 3kg of vegetable oil, 0.6kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of choline chloride, 1.5kg of calcium carbonate, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.5kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6.5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix c for coating to obtain the feed for weaned piglets.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a feed for weaned piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3kg of microcrystalline cellulose, 3.5kg of chitosan, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5kg of fumed silica and 15kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain premix b;
s2, uniformly mixing 7kg of corn starch and 40kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 73 ℃, stirring and curing for 3min in a modulator, continuously heating to 83 ℃, stirring and curing for 45S, cooling, adding 3kg of microcrystalline cellulose, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s3, feeding 120kg of expanded corn, 50kg of peanut meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 25kg of expanded sunflower seed meal, 15kg of fish meal, 8kg of lactose and 7kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 65wt%, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 8 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 3.5mm, feeding into a film coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix b to coat to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s4, mixing 150kg of pre-coated main material, 15kg of puffed corn, 0.5kg of malic acid, 1kg of lactic acid, 3kg of vegetable oil, 0.6kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of choline chloride, 1.5kg of calcium carbonate, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.5kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6.5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix c for coating to obtain the feed for the weaned piglets.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a feed for weaned piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 8kg of cotton fiber, 2.5kg of corn straw and 100kg of 65% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, stirring for 10min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 124 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, uniformly mixing 7kg of corn starch and 40kg of water, then adjusting the temperature to 73 ℃, stirring and curing for 3min in a modulator, continuously heating to 83 ℃, stirring and curing for 45S, cooling, adding 3kg of the prefabricated material a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix c;
s3, feeding 120kg of puffed corn, 50kg of peanut meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 25kg of puffed sunflower seed meal, 15kg of fish meal, 8kg of lactose and 7kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 65wt%, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 8 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 3.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix c to perform coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s4, mixing 150kg of pre-coated main material, 15kg of puffed corn, 0.5kg of malic acid, 1kg of lactic acid, 3kg of vegetable oil, 0.6kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of choline chloride, 1.5kg of calcium carbonate, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.5kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6.5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix c for coating to obtain the feed for weaned piglets.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a feed for weaned piglets comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 8kg of cotton fiber, 2.5kg of corn straw and 100kg of 65% sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, stirring for 10min, standing and settling, removing supernatant, then sending into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 124 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated material a;
s2, mixing 3kg of the prefabricated material a, 3.5kg of chitosan, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5kg of fumed silica and 15kg of water, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix b;
s3, feeding 120kg of puffed corn, 50kg of peanut meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 25kg of puffed sunflower seed meal, 15kg of fish meal, 8kg of lactose and 7kg of whey powder into a stirrer, adding water until the water content is 65wt%, adjusting the temperature to 55 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, heating to 100 ℃, continuing stirring for 8 minutes, feeding into a feed granulator, granulating to obtain a granular main material with the particle size of 3.5mm, feeding into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix b to perform coating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s4, mixing 150kg of pre-coated main material, 15kg of puffed corn, 0.5kg of malic acid, 1kg of lactic acid, 3kg of vegetable oil, 0.6kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of choline chloride, 1.5kg of calcium carbonate, 0.8kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 1.5kg of microelement-vitamin premix, feeding the mixture into a feed granulator for granulation to obtain granules with the particle size of 6.5mm, feeding the granules into a coating machine, and spraying 3kg of premix b for coating to obtain the feed for the weaned piglets.
Using the preform a obtained in example 5 and the microcrystalline cellulose used in comparative example 2, a comparison was made, the results being as follows:
| preform material a | Microcrystalline cellulose | |
| Water absorption percentage% | 420 | 136 |
| Modulus of elasticity, mpa | 0.52 | 0.29 |
The green feed for increasing the weaning weight of piglets obtained in example 5 and the feed for weaned piglets obtained in comparative examples 1-4 are used for performance comparison, and the results are as follows:
feeding tests are carried out on a certain fattening pig farm by adopting the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets obtained in the example 5 and the feed for the weaning piglets obtained in the comparative examples 1-4, 225 weaning piglets with similar health conditions and being born at the same period are selected, the used piglets are Du three-element big-large pig varieties and are randomly divided into 5 groups, each group has 5 repetitions, and each repetition has 9 repetitions;
the experimental group is fed with the green feed for increasing the weaning weight of piglets obtained in example 5, the comparative groups 1-4 are respectively fed with the feed for weaning piglets obtained in comparative examples 1-4, the experimental period is 14 days, the feeding is carried out 6 times per day, and the feeding is carried out 3 times in the morning and afternoon.
Before the test, piglets are collectively weighed on an empty stomach in the morning, the number of the stored piglets is counted, the total feed consumption and the average feed consumption are counted, and the piglets are collectively weighed after the test to obtain the average weight.
The test records the initial weight of the weaned piglets before the test, the final weight of the weaned piglets after the test, the total feed consumption weight, the feed conversion ratio and the like of each group, and the results are as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Initial average weight, kg | 6.53 | 6.50 | 6.51 | 6.52 | 6.51 |
| End average weight, kg | 13.27 | 10.59 | 11.45 | 12.12 | 12.33 |
| Daily average weight gain, g/day | 481.43 | 292.14 | 352.86 | 400.00 | 415.71 |
| Daily consumption of material, g/day | 491.06 | 379.79 | 437.54 | 460.00 | 469.76 |
| Feed conversion ratio | 1.02 | 1.30 | 1.24 | 1.15 | 1.13 |
The results of the feeding test show that: the green feed for increasing the weaning weight of the piglets can increase the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of the weaned piglets, improve the feed-weight ratio and promote the piglets to gain weight quickly.
The test recorded diarrhea, morbidity and survival for each group, where:
diarrhea rate = (total diarrhea piglet head number × piglet diarrhea days)/(trial piglet head number × trial days) × 100%,
the morbidity = the sum of the number of the sick piglets in the experimental period/the total number of the piglets multiplied by 100%, and the morbidity comprises cough and diarrhea; the results were as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Rate of diarrhea% | 0.95 | 10.16 | 7.62 | 3.33 | 5.24 |
| The rate of onset of disease% | 6.67 | 33.33 | 24.44 | 17.78 | 13.33 |
| Survival rate% | 100.00 | 93.33 | 97.78 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
From the above results, it can be seen that: the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets, which is disclosed by the invention, can reduce the diarrhea rate, reduce the morbidity risk and improve the survival rate of the piglets under the condition of not containing any antibiotics.
The swine fever antibody level in the serum of piglets was measured using a swine fever virus antibody detection kit (thus, thing, stone, biotechnology, limited), and the results were as follows:
| example 5 | 0.203 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.113 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.165 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.187 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.198 |
From the above results, it can be seen that: the green feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets can improve the level of the swine fever antibodies in serum and avoid the piglets from being infected by the swine fever viruses.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a feed for improving weaning weight of piglets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing cotton fibers, straws and sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 45-55 ℃, stirring, standing and settling, removing supernatant, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 120-128 ℃, washing, drying, grinding and crushing a product to obtain a prefabricated materiala；
S2, preparing the prefabricated materialaMixing chitosan, tartaric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, gas phase silicon dioxide and water, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain the premixb；
S3, uniformly mixing the corn starch and the water, adjusting the temperature to 70-75 ℃, stirring and curing for 2-4min, continuously heating to 80-86 ℃, stirring and curing for 30-60S, cooling, and adding the prefabricated materialaMixing uniformly to obtain premixc；
S4, feeding the puffed corn, the peanut meal, the fermented soybean meal, the puffed sunflower seed meal, the fish meal, the lactose and the whey powder into a stirrer, adding water, regulating the temperature, stirring, heating to 100 ℃, continuously stirring, granulating to obtain a main particle material, spraying the premixbCoating to obtain a pre-coated main material;
s5, mixing the pre-coated main material, the puffed corn, the acid preparation, the vegetable oil, the antioxidant, the choline chloride, the calcium carbonate, the calcium hydrophosphate and the trace element-vitamin premix, granulating, spraying the premixcCoating to obtain the feed for improving the weaning weight of the piglets.
2. The preparation method of the feed for improving the weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the mass ratio of cotton fibers, straws and sulfuric acid solution is 5-10:1-4:100 portions, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 60 to 70 percent.
3. The method for preparing feed for improving weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the straws are at least one of rice straws, sorghum straws, corn straws and wheat straws.
4. The method for preparing feed for improving weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S2, preformed feed is preparedaThe mass ratio of chitosan, tartaric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, gas-phase silicon dioxide and water is 2-4:2-5:1-3:1-2:1-2:10-20.
5. The method for preparing feed for improving weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S3, corn starch, water and preformed feed are addedaThe mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 4-10:30-50:2-4.
6. The method for preparing feed for increasing weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S4, puffed corn, peanut meal, fermented soybean meal, puffed sunflower seed meal, fish meal, lactose, whey powder and premix compoundbThe mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 100-140:40-60:24-35:15-35:10-20:4-12:5-10:1-5.
7. The preparation method of the feed for improving the weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the temperature is adjusted to 50-60 ℃, the stirring is carried out for 2-4h, then the temperature is increased to 100 ℃, the stirring is continued for 5-12min, and the main material of granules with the particle size of 2-5mm is obtained by granulation.
8. The preparation method of the feed for increasing the weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the mass ratio of the pre-coated main material, the puffed corn, the acid preparation, the vegetable oil, the antioxidant, the choline chloride, the calcium carbonate, the calcium hydrophosphate and the microelement-vitamin premix is 100-200:10-20:1-2:2-4:0.2-1:0.1-0.5:1-2:0.5-1.2:1-2.
9. The method for preparing feed for increasing weaning weight of piglets according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the acid preparation is at least one of malic acid, lactic acid and tartaric acid.
10. A feed for increasing the weaning weight of piglets, which is prepared by the method for preparing the feed for increasing the weaning weight of piglets according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH07215789A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1995-08-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Multilayer coated granular fertilizer and its production |
| JPH08151286A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-06-11 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Multilayer-coated granular fertilizer |
| CN102919573A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 淮安正昌饲料有限公司 | Child care pig compound feed without tensile body and preparation method thereof |
| CA2858765A1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | Deinove | Ingredients for animal feed compositions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07215789A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1995-08-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Multilayer coated granular fertilizer and its production |
| JPH08151286A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-06-11 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Multilayer-coated granular fertilizer |
| CA2858765A1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | Deinove | Ingredients for animal feed compositions |
| CN102919573A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 淮安正昌饲料有限公司 | Child care pig compound feed without tensile body and preparation method thereof |
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