CN111264533B - 用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN111264533B
CN111264533B CN202010284601.5A CN202010284601A CN111264533B CN 111264533 B CN111264533 B CN 111264533B CN 202010284601 A CN202010284601 A CN 202010284601A CN 111264533 B CN111264533 B CN 111264533B
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tolfenpyrad
root knot
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CN111264533A (zh
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张鹏
谢斌斌
李承想
杨燕燕
高丙利
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Huzhou Jidun Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物及其应用，其中有效活性成分A和有效活性成分B，活性成分A为唑虫酰胺，活性成分B选自硫双威、杀虫单、阿维菌素、噻唑膦、三氟咪啶酰胺、氟噻虫砜、氟唑菌酰羟胺、三氟杀线酯、Tioxazafen、辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种，且活性成分A与B的重量比为1:40‑40:1。本发明农药组合物对作物根结线虫、松材线虫、孢囊线虫、茎线虫等有较好的防效，为作物线虫的防治提供具有协同增效作用、使用方便、安全高效的制剂和施用方式。

Description

用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于农药复配技术领域，具体涉及的是用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物及其应用。
背景技术
植物寄生线虫可以危害几乎所有的植物包括重要的经济作物，具有多寄主性、顽固性、易传播等特点，其种群增长迅速、防治难度大，对我国粮食、蔬菜、经济作物等产量和经济效益造成严重损失，严重威胁到农业的可持续发展。植物寄生线虫在全世界范围内引起严重的产量损失，引起的病害包括大豆孢囊线虫病、蔬菜根结线虫病、花生根结线虫病、甘薯茎线虫病、水稻干尖线虫病等，作物平均减产达10-15%，严重时作物减产60%以上，甚至绝收。由于其发病速度快，危害重且不易察觉，并且除了直接危害，线虫侵入植物造成的伤口，也为后续细菌、真菌、病毒的侵入打开了大门，严重影响了农产品的品质和产量。在世界范围内，由于植物线虫每年造成1570亿美元的经济损失，在国内每年的损失达700亿元，因此杀线虫剂是农药中非常重要的一个品类。
植物寄生性线虫寄主范围超过3000种植物，包括多种大田作物、露地蔬菜、园林花卉等。近年来，我国蔬菜需求量逐年递增，随着温室大棚种植面积的不断扩大，植物寄生性线虫传播速度不断加快，一旦发生，很难根除，成为影响农产品产量和质量的严重障碍之一。传统的防治办法主要以化学熏蒸为主，高毒农药占据主导地位，但随着人们环保意识的增强以及对农产品安全提出更高要求，高毒农药相继被禁用和淘汰，目前市场上针对根结线虫病的防治药剂较少，主要品种集中在阿维菌素、噻唑膦等药剂。但是防治效果不理想。
也有一些针对线虫的药剂，例如专利公开号为CN107920520A于2018年4月17日公开的过氟吡菌酰胺和生物防治剂的组合防治植物病原性线虫的方法，所公开的杀线虫剂是氟吡菌酰胺(Fluopyram)和至少一种生物防治用于防治植物病原性线虫或增加产量的组合使用，所述生物防治剂选自淡紫色拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)、淡紫色拟青霉菌株251、坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)、坚强芽孢杆菌菌株 I-1582。又如专利授权公告号为CN106665584B的中国发明专利公开的一种含有氟吡菌酰胺和糠醛的杀线虫组合物，由氟吡菌酰胺与糠醛复配而成，对线虫病害的防治具有特效。
目前尚无关于唑虫酰胺与其他组分复配的杀线虫组合物的公开报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，为作物线虫的防治提供具有协同增效作用、使用方便、安全高效的制剂和施用方式。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，其活性成分包含活性成分A和活性成分B，其中，活性成分A与活性成分B的重量比为1:40-40:1，所述的活性成分A是唑虫酰胺，活性成分B选自硫双威、杀虫单、阿维菌素、噻唑膦、三氟咪啶酰胺、氟噻虫砜、氟唑菌酰羟胺、三氟杀线酯、Tioxazafen、辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种。
唑虫酰胺是原日本三菱化学公司开发的新型吡唑杂环类杀虫杀螨剂，它的主要作用机制是阻止昆虫的氧化磷酸化作用，同时具有杀卵、抑食、抑制产卵及杀菌作用。但是现有技术并未发现应用唑虫酰胺进行防治植物寄生性线虫。
选取唑虫酰胺作为活性成分A，与上述的活性成分B进行组合，所获得的杀虫组合物，具有协同增效作用，使用更方便、用药更加安全高效。
进一步，活性成分A与活性成分B的重量比为1:20-40:1。
进一步的，本发明的农药组合物，其活性成分A与活性成分B的重量比更优选为：唑虫酰胺和硫双威的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和杀虫单的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和阿维菌素的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和噻唑膦的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和三氟咪啶酰胺的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和氟噻虫砜的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和氟唑菌酰羟胺的重量比为1:20-20:1，唑虫酰胺和三氟杀线酯的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和Tioxazafen的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和辛硫磷的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和螺虫乙酯的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和二硫氰基甲烷的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和小檗碱的重量比为1:40-20:1，唑虫酰胺和香芹酚的重量比为1:40-20:1。
进一步的，所述活性成分B为辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种。
更进一步的，所述活性成分B为辛硫磷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种，且对应的，唑虫酰胺和辛硫磷的重量比为1:30-30:1，唑虫酰胺和小檗碱的重量比为1:40-20:1，唑虫酰胺和香芹酚的重量比为1:40-20:1。
更进一步的，所述活性成分B为辛硫磷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种，且对应的，唑虫酰胺和辛硫磷的重量比为3:1-1.5，唑虫酰胺和小檗碱的重量比为3:1-1.5，唑虫酰胺和香芹酚的重量比为3:1-1.5。
进一步的，本发明的农药组合物还包含其他通用型农药助剂，如分散剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、乳化剂、溶剂、PH调节剂、填料、水中的一种或其组合物。
进一步的，本发明的农药组合物的剂型为乳油、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂、悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、种衣剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、可分散油悬浮剂等任意一种。
进一步的，本发明的农药组合物的施用方式为灌根、喷雾、撒施、沟施、穴施、拌种等。
本发明的农药组合物中活性成分的含量取决于单独使用时的施用量以及复配比例、增效程度，同时也和防治对象有关系。通常情况下，本发明的农药组合物中活性成分A和活性成分B的总含量为总重量的1-80%，较佳的为5-60%。根据不同的制剂类型，活性成分含量范围有所不同。通常，液体制剂含量为总重量的1-60%，较佳的为5-45%；固体制剂含量为总重量的5-80%，较佳的为10-80%。
本发明的农药组合物用于防治植物寄生性线虫病害，包括但不限于黄瓜根结线虫、番茄根结线虫、大豆孢囊线虫、柑橘根结线虫、三七根结线虫、西洋参根线虫、玉米根结线虫、棉花南方根结线虫、马铃薯茎线虫等，可广泛应用于蔬菜、瓜果、果树、中药材、松树等相关线虫病害防治。
与现有技术相比，本发明的农药组合物的有益效果为：
（1）市场上目前未见利用唑虫酰胺与硫双威、杀虫单、阿维菌素、噻唑膦、三氟咪啶酰胺、氟噻虫砜、氟唑菌酰羟胺、三氟杀线酯、Tioxazafen、辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种复配用于防治植物寄生性线虫的产品和技术。
（2）本发明与单剂相比，在组合物从多个机理对各类线虫进行有效防治，增强了杀线虫活性，有效地控制了病害的传播。
（3）本发明的两种有效成分协同增效，减少了农药使用量，降低了防治成本，对线虫的防治效果更好。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体优选的实施例对本发明做进一步描述，但并不因此而限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明的农药组合物以唑虫酰胺和硫双威、杀虫单、阿维菌素、噻唑膦、三氟咪啶酰胺、氟噻虫砜、氟唑菌酰羟胺、三氟杀线酯、Tioxazafen、辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种为有效成分，两者按照一定的配比组合，对黄瓜根结线虫、番茄根结线虫、哈密瓜根结线虫、大豆孢囊线虫等的防治等具有明显的增效作用。
组合配伍比例及使用浓度实施例说明，见表1：
表1组合配伍比例及使用浓度实施例说明
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
1、以上实施例在温室大棚采用以下方案测试活性
1)将沙、土、基质按照一定的比例搅拌均匀，装入盆中；
2)每盆移栽10日龄的黄瓜苗一株；
3)每盆按照实施例浓度加药，设置用水代替药剂的空白对照一组，设置各单剂对相应浓度处理作为测试对照，每盆加药量为300ml，每个样品处理10个重复；
4)加药后放置于25°恒温温室中一天；
5)每盆接种3000个南方根结线虫虫卵；
6)60天后，洗去黄瓜根部浮土，统计根部发病情况并计算防效；
7)分级标准及防效计算方法：
0级：根部正常，无可见根结；
1级：根系上只有少量根结，占全根系的1-25%；
2级：根结数量中等，占全根系的26-50%；
3级：根系上有很多根结，占全根系的51-75%；
4级：根系根结数量特多，甚至连结成根结团块，占全根系的76-100%。
病情指数= ∑(病级级别×相应级别的植株数) ×100
调查总株数×最高病级
防效(%)= 对照区病情指数-处理区病情指数 ×100
对照区病情指数
2、实施例防效测试数据，见表2
表2 实施例防效测试数据
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
从上述防效数据中，可以看出唑虫酰胺和硫双威、杀虫单、阿维菌素、噻唑膦、三氟咪啶酰胺、氟噻虫砜、氟唑菌酰羟胺、三氟杀线酯、Tioxazafen、辛硫磷、螺虫乙酯、二硫氰基甲烷、小檗碱或香芹酚其中一种进行配伍后，其对根结线虫的防效都有显著提升。

Claims (8)

1.用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，有效成分为活性成分A和活性成分B，其特征在于：所述的活性成分A是唑虫酰胺，活性成分B为二硫氰基甲烷；
唑虫酰胺和二硫氰基甲烷的重量比为4:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，其特征在于：农药组合物中还包含分散剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、乳化剂、溶剂、pH调节剂、填料、水中的一种或其组合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，其特征在于：农药组合物中活性成分A和活性成分B的总含量为农药组合物总重量的1-80%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于线虫防治的含有唑虫酰胺的农药组合物，其特征在于：农药组合物中活性成分A和活性成分B的总含量为农药组合物总重量的5-60%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的农药组合物，其特征在于：剂型为乳油、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂、悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、种衣剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、可分散油悬浮剂中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的农药组合物，其特征在于：施用方式为灌根、喷雾、撒施、沟施、穴施或拌种。
7.如权利要求1所述的农药组合物的应用，其特征在于，用于防治作物的植物寄生性线虫病害。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，所述植物寄生性线虫病害包括黄瓜根结线虫病、番茄根结线虫病、哈密瓜根结线虫病、火龙果根结线虫病、柑橘根结线虫病、猕猴桃根结线虫病、三七根结线虫病、西洋参根结线虫病、玉米根结线虫病、棉花根结线虫病、大豆孢囊线虫病、小麦粒线虫病、甘薯茎线虫病、水稻干尖线虫病、松树松材线虫病、柑橘半穿刺线虫病。
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