Manufacturing method of solar cell and method for preparing shell layer by using sol method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a manufacturing method of a solar cell and a method for preparing a shell layer by a sol method.
Background
The nano-wire taking the perovskite material as the shell and the transmission material as the core layer is hopeful to obtain high photoelectric conversion efficiency when used for a solar cell. At present, the traditional shell-core structure nanowire array is of an upright structure, and if the shell-core structure perovskite nanowire array taking perovskite materials as light absorption layers is applied to a solar cell, sunlight needs to be incident from the side face of the cell, so that the use performance of a device is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a manufacturing method of a solar cell and a method for preparing a shell layer by a sol method, sunlight can be directly incident from the front of the cell without being incident from the side surface, so that the efficiency of a device is improved, and the solar cell is very suitable for the fields of intelligent wearing and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a shell layer manufacturing method of a perovskite nanowire with a tiled shell-core structure comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a substrate, wherein the substrate is provided with a tiled array type core layer, and the hydrophilicity and the hydrophobicity of the substrate and the core layer are opposite;
b. adding a solvent into the perovskite sol to prepare a shell layer sol, wherein the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the solvent are the same as those of the core layer;
c. and (3) putting the substrate with the core layer into the shell layer sol for soaking, and constructing the shell-core structure nanowire array after drying and annealing.
Preferably, the substrate is made of a hydrophobic material, the core layer is made of a hydrophilic material, and the solvent is a hydrophilic solvent.
Preferably, the substrate is made of silicon wafer or PVDF, the core layer is made of titanium dioxide, and the solvent is dodecanedioic acid.
Preferably, the substrate is made of a hydrophilic material, the core layer is made of a hydrophobic material, and the solvent is a hydrophobic solvent.
Preferably, the substrate is made of PET, the core layer is made of NMPFP, and the solvent is o-dichlorobenzene or chlorobenzene.
A manufacturing method of a tiled shell-core structure perovskite nanowire solar cell comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a first electrode at one end of a substrate;
s2, preparing a core layer on the substrate;
s3, preparing a shell layer on the core layer;
and S4, arranging a second electrode at the other end of the substrate.
Preferably, in step S3: one end of the substrate with the core layer, which is back to the first electrode, is placed into the shell sol for soaking, and a space is reserved between the liquid level of the shell sol and the first electrode.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the flatly-laid shell-core structural perovskite nanowire solar cell has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The antireflection and light gathering capacity is strong;
(2) The volume is small, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the device;
(3) The flexibility is good, and the preparation method is suitable for preparing flexible devices;
(4) Shan Jinghua, which can reduce the electron-hole recombination rate;
(5) Is more suitable for transporting carriers, and increases the diffusion strength and the service life of the carriers.
Due to the advantages of the nano-wire, high photoelectric conversion efficiency is expected to be obtained when the nano-wire is applied to a solar cell; and because it has flexibility and miniaturized advantage simultaneously, make it be applicable to intelligent wearing equipment. In consideration of a normal use condition of the intelligent wearable device, sunlight needs to be incident from the front surface of the intelligent wearable device, and therefore the tiled shell-core-structure perovskite nanowire array type solar cell can meet the power consumption requirements of flexible devices such as the intelligent wearable device and the like, and lays a foundation for the development of the intelligent wearable device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing method of the present invention.
Reference numerals
In the drawing, 1 is a substrate, 2 is a first electrode, 3 is a second electrode, 4 is a core layer, 5 is a shell layer, and 6 is a template.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-3, the tiled shell-core structure perovskite nanowire solar cell includes a sheet-shaped substrate (made of an insulating material), wherein a first bar-shaped electrode and a second bar-shaped electrode are respectively plated at two ends of the substrate, the first electrode and the second electrode are parallel to each other, a plurality of shell-core structure perovskite nanowires are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode along a planar array, the shell-core structure perovskite nanowires are parallel to each other, each shell-core structure perovskite nanowire includes a core layer made of a transmission material and a shell layer made of a perovskite material, the core layer is connected with the first electrode, and the shell layer is connected with the second electrode.
The core layer is arranged on the substrate, one end of the core layer is connected with the first electrode, the shell layer covers the core layer, a space is reserved between one end of the shell layer and the first electrode to prevent the shell layer from conducting with the first electrode, and the other end of the shell layer seals the core layer and is connected with the second electrode. The first electrode is embedded in the substrate, a template is fixed on the first electrode, and the core layer is fixed in a groove formed in the template.
At least one of the substrate, the first electrode, the second electrode and the shell-core structure perovskite nanowire is a flexible material. The practical requirements of flexible devices such as intelligent wearable equipment are met more. The perovskite nanowire solar cell with the tiled shell-core structure is applied to intelligent wearable equipment, and is very suitable for supplying power to the intelligent wearable equipment.
A shell layer manufacturing method of a perovskite nanowire with a tiled shell-core structure comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a substrate, wherein the substrate is provided with a tiled array type core layer, and the substrate and the core layer have opposite hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties;
b. adding a solvent into the perovskite sol to prepare a shell layer sol, wherein the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the solvent are the same as those of the core layer;
c. and (3) putting the substrate with the core layer into the shell layer sol for soaking, and constructing the shell-core structure nanowire array after drying and annealing.
By utilizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics of the material, the problem that the whole substrate is fully paved by the shell material can be effectively solved, so that the shell/core structure perovskite nanowire array type solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency is expected to be obtained.
One embodiment is: the substrate is made of a hydrophobic material, the core layer is made of a hydrophilic material, the solvent is a hydrophilic solvent, and the hydrophilic solvent is Dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), diethyl ether and the like. In this embodiment, the substrate is made of a silicon wafer or PVDF (flexible), the core layer is made of titanium dioxide, the solvent is dodecanedioic acid (DDDA), two ends of the DDDA have carboxyl groups, one end of the DDDA is easily contacted with Ti4+ in the titanium dioxide (electron transport layer-core layer), and the other end of the DDDA has hydrophilicity.
Another embodiment is: the substrate is made of a hydrophilic material, the core layer is made of a hydrophobic material, and the solvent is a hydrophobic solvent. In this embodiment, the substrate is made of PET (having flexibility), the core layer is made of fullerene derivative N-methyl-2-pentylfullerene pyrrolidine (NMPFP), and the solvent is o-dichlorobenzene or chlorobenzene.
Referring to fig. 4, a method for manufacturing a tiled shell-core structure perovskite nanowire solar cell includes the following steps:
s1, electroplating a first electrode on one end of a substrate;
s2, preparing a core layer on the substrate; the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing a template, and etching a groove on the template by adopting an electron beam exposure method, wherein the groove width of the groove is about 100 nm;
s22, enabling the groove of the template to face downwards and be bonded and fixed with the substrate, forming a containing space of a core layer between the groove and the substrate, and then placing the containing space into the core layer sol for soaking until the containing space is filled with the core layer sol;
s23, after drying and annealing, reserving the template part above the first electrode, and removing the rest template part to form a core layer along the plane array.
S3, preparing a shell layer on the core layer according to the method;
s32, putting the substrate with the core layer into shell layer sol for soaking, and constructing the shell-core structure nanowire array after drying and annealing. In step S32, one end of the substrate having the core layer, which is opposite to the first electrode, is immersed in the shell sol, and a space is left between a liquid level of the shell sol and the first electrode.
And S4, plating a second electrode on the other end of the substrate.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.