CN111259591B - Electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber valve plate analysis method based on finite element - Google Patents

Electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber valve plate analysis method based on finite element Download PDF

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CN111259591B
CN111259591B CN202010063488.8A CN202010063488A CN111259591B CN 111259591 B CN111259591 B CN 111259591B CN 202010063488 A CN202010063488 A CN 202010063488A CN 111259591 B CN111259591 B CN 111259591B
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valve
valve plate
shock absorber
compression
deformation
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CN111259591A (en
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陈双
陈剑桥
孙晓帮
李刚
赵德阳
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Liaoning University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/34Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a valve plate analysis method of a solenoid valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements, which is characterized in that valve system performance tests are carried out on the solenoid valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber, the variation range of pressure applied to two ends of an annular valve plate is determined, three-dimensional modeling is carried out on a restoring valve plate group in a piston assembly of the adjustable damping shock absorber and a compressing valve plate group in a bottom valve assembly, stress deformation analysis of the restoring valve plate group and the compressing valve plate group of the adjustable damping shock absorber by a finite element method is carried out, relational data of the deformation quantity and the pressure applied to two ends of the restoring valve plate group of the adjustable damping shock absorber is collected, relational data of the deformation quantity and the pressure applied to two ends of the compressing valve plate group of the adjustable damping shock absorber is obtained by adopting a fitting method, relational expression of the deformation quantity and the pressure applied to two ends is obtained by adopting a fitting method, and valve plate analysis of the solenoid valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements is realized.

Description

Electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber valve plate analysis method based on finite element
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve plates of internal valve systems of damping absorbers, in particular to a valve plate analysis method of an electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable absorber based on finite elements.
Background
Barrel type vibration dampers are widely used in automobiles, and the valve train structural parameters thereof greatly influence the damping characteristics of the vibration dampers. For the shock absorber with a valve system adopting a pure valve plate structure, the calculation of the annular valve plate is always a difficult point of a parameterized model of the shock absorber. Whether the deformation of the annular valve plate can be accurately calculated directly influences the accuracy of the power indicating characteristic and the speed characteristic in the simulation model, so that how to accurately calculate the deformation of the valve plate plays a vital role in improving the working performance of the shock absorber. The existing analysis methods for valve plates of the valve system of the shock absorber are all calculation analysis methods based on a small deflection theory or a large deflection theory of the deformation of the thin plate, but the calculation amount is large no matter the analysis methods are based on a small deflection deformation theory of the deformation of the thin plate or a large deflection deformation theory analysis method based on the deformation of the thin plate, and because the deformation amount hypothesis existing in the small deflection theory and the large deflection theory of the deformation of the thin plate inevitably generates large errors in calculation, the huge calculation amount of the calculation method also brings difficulty to mathematical modeling of the power indicating characteristic of the shock absorber, so how to accurately and simply calculate the deformation amount of the valve plates caused by stress has very important significance to the analysis of the power indicating characteristic of the shock absorber.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention designs and develops a valve plate analysis method of the electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements, and aims to solve the problem of accurately and simply calculating the deformation of the valve plate caused by stress.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a valve plate analysis method of an electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the compression range of two ends of a valve plate of the shock absorber;
secondly, respectively applying a plurality of different acting forces to two ends of a restoring valve block group in a piston assembly and a compressing valve block group in a bottom valve assembly of the damping adjustable shock absorber in the compression range, and recording corresponding deformation;
step three, determining a first relation according to the deformation of the recovery valve block group and acting forces exerted on the two ends, and determining a second relation according to the deformation of the compression valve block group and the acting forces exerted on the two ends;
and step four, calculating the deformation of the valve plate after applying acting force to the valve plate actually according to the first relation and the second relation.
Preferably, in the first step, the valve train characteristic experiment is performed on the electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber to calculate the compression range, including the following steps:
the valve train characteristic experiment adopts sine excitation to calculate and determine the piston rod movement speed:
wherein S is the stroke of the shock absorber, V is the movement speed of the piston rod, and n is the sine input frequency;
calculating the pressure difference P at two ends of the annular valve plate:
in the formula, F is the maximum damping force of the restoring stroke and the compression stroke of the shock absorber corresponding to different movement speeds of the piston rod, and A is the area of the annular valve plate.
Preferably, in the first step, the pressure range of both ends of the valve plate of the damper is determined experimentally in an incubator, the temperature of the incubator is set to 253K, and the damper is placed in the incubator to stand for three hours for the experiment.
Preferably, in the first step, the current selectively inputted to the damper is 0A when an experiment is performed in the incubator.
Preferably, the stroke test range of the shock absorber for the valve system characteristic test is 50mm, and the test frequency range is 0.31 Hz-3.5 Hz.
Preferably, the valve plate group of the recovery valve comprises 5 recovery valve plates, wherein the inner diameters of the recovery valve plates are 8mm, the outer diameters of the recovery valve plates are 21mm, and the thicknesses of the recovery valve plates are 0.22mm.
Preferably, the compression valve plate group includes:
the first compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 15.6mm and a thickness of 0.25mm;
the second compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 15.6mm and a thickness of 0.15mm;
the third compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 14.5mm and a thickness of 0.15mm;
the fourth compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 13mm and a thickness of 0.1mm;
and the fifth compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 10mm and a thickness of 0.1mm.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the deformation amount calculating process of the valve sheet is as follows:
in the formula, h d Is equivalent thickness of the valve plate after superposition, h 1 The thickness of the valve plate is 1 st, h 2 The thickness of the valve plate of the 2 nd piece is h 3 The thickness of the valve plate of the 3 rd piece, h n Is the thickness of the nth valve plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the calculated amount of bending deformation of the annular valve plate of the shock absorber is obviously reduced, an actual experiment is introduced in the analysis process, the accuracy of an analysis result is improved, and when the bending deformation analysis is carried out on the annular valve plate, the limit of the magnitude of deformation is not needed to be assumed, and the calculation analysis is carried out through the large deflection theory and the small deflection theory of the sheet deformation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model of a valve plate of a recovery valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model of a valve plate of a compression valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a finite element analysis model of a rebound valve plate in ANSYS software according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 0.62 MPa;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 1.24 MPa;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 1.86 MPa;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 2.48 MPa;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of 3.10 MPa;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of 3.72 MPa;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 4.34 MPa;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 4.96 MPa;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of 5.58 MPa;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 6.20 MPa;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of a valve sheet of the compression valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 0.64 MPa;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 1.28 MPa;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the deformation of a valve sheet of the compression valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 1.92 MPa;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of a valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 2.56 MPa;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of a valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 3.20 MPa;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the deformation of a valve sheet of the compression valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 3.84 MPa;
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of a valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 4.48 MPa;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of a valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 5.12 MPa;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the pressure of 5.76 MPa;
FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the valve plate of the compression valve according to the present invention under the action of a pressure of 6.40 MPa;
FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure and the deformation of a valve plate of the recovery valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure and the deformation of a valve plate of a compression valve according to the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
The invention provides a valve plate analysis method of an electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements, which comprises the following steps: the valve system performance test is carried out on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber, the range of pressure applied to two ends of an annular valve plate is determined, meanwhile, three-dimensional modeling is carried out on a restoring valve plate group in a piston assembly of the adjustable damping shock absorber and a compressing valve plate group in a bottom valve assembly, stress deformation analysis of a finite element method is carried out, relation data of deformation quantity of the restoring valve plate group and pressure applied to two ends are collected, a relation between deformation quantity and stress is obtained by adopting a fitting method, relation between deformation quantity of the compressing valve plate group and pressure applied to two ends is obtained by adopting a fitting method, and deformation quantity generated by the valve plate due to stress is accurately and simply calculated according to the relation.
When finite element analysis is carried out, the pressure at two ends of a valve system of the shock absorber is known, so that the valve system of the shock absorber is subjected to the following experiment, in order to obtain the deformation amount and pressure data of valve plates of the valve system of the shock absorber in a larger range, the temperature of an incubator is set to 253K, namely minus 20 ℃, the temperature of oil in the shock absorber is considered to be increased along with the reduction of the temperature in the experiment, the adjustable damping shock absorber is placed in the incubator for three hours to be subjected to the experiment, the damping force of the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber is increased along with the increase of input current according to the experimental test, the input current is selected to be 0A in the experiment, and the valve system characteristic experiment is carried out on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber according to national standard QC/T545-1999 automobile cylinder shock absorber bench experiment method.
Valve train characteristic experiments are carried out on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber, sinusoidal excitation is adopted, and the formula is as follows:
wherein S is the stroke of the shock absorber, and the unit is mm; v is the movement speed of the piston rod, and the unit is m/s; n is the sine input frequency in circle/min.
The method comprises the steps of applying a vibration absorber indicator test bed to conduct indicator experiments on vibration absorbers at different speeds to obtain maximum damping forces of recovery strokes and compression strokes of the vibration absorbers at different speeds, and measuring the inner diameter and the outer diameter of an annular valve plate in a vibration absorber valve system to obtain the area of the annular valve plate.
The calculation formula of the pressure difference P at the two ends of the annular valve plate is as follows:
wherein F is the maximum damping force of the restoring stroke and the compression stroke of the shock absorber corresponding to different speeds, and A is the area of the annular valve plate.
The valve system of the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber is disassembled, the basic dimensions of the valve plate of the valve are measured, the valve plate of the valve is compressed, the equivalent thickness of the valve plate is calculated according to the data measured by the table and the equivalent thickness calculation formula of the valve plate superposition, and the CATIA software is applied to establish a three-dimensional model of the valve plate.
Measuring the inner diameter, outer diameter, number and thickness of valve plates of the valve system of the shock absorber, calculating the equivalent thickness,
the equivalent thickness calculation formula of valve plate superposition:
in the formula, h d Is equivalent thickness of the valve plate after superposition, h 1 The thickness of the valve plate is 1 st, h 2 The thickness of the valve plate of the 2 nd piece is h 3 The thickness of the valve plate of the 3 rd piece, h n Thickness of nth valve plate
When the outer diameters of the valve plates are different, the thickness of the overlapped part of the valve plates is calculated according to equivalent thickness, the non-overlapped part is still the original thickness of the valve plates, after the calculation is completed, sketch drawing is carried out in a sketch module in CATIA software, the sketch drawing is carried out in a three-dimensional modeling module, three-dimensional stretching and punching operation is carried out, and three-dimensional modeling of the valve plates of the recovery valve and the compression valve is completed.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out finite element analysis on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber by ANSYS software, firstly, importing a three-dimensional model of a recovery valve plate and a compression valve plate which are established in CATIA into the ANSYS software, defining real constants, namely attribute addition, carrying out finite element mesh division on the model, applying constraint and load, solving by a solver after the operation is completed, finally, carrying out post-processing on the solved result to obtain a solved result of the recovery valve plate and a solved result of the compression valve plate, collecting recovery valve plate deformation and load data to summarize into a table, collecting compression valve plate deformation and load data to summarize into a table, writing m files in MATLAB software according to the collected data, and adopting a polynomial fitting method to obtain a relation curve and a relation between valve plate deformation and differential pressure at two ends; wherein, CATIA version can be V5R21 and above, ANSYS can be 8.0 and above, and MATLAB can be 2017a and above.
Examples
In order to obtain the deformation and pressure data of valve plates of a larger range of the shock absorber, the temperature of an incubator is set to minus 20 ℃ in consideration of viscosity Wen Texing of oil in the shock absorber in the experiment, the adjustable damping shock absorber is placed in the incubator to stand for three hours for experiment, the damping force of the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber is increased along with the increase of input current according to experimental tests, therefore, the input current is selected to be 0A in the experiment, the valve characteristics experiment is carried out on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber according to national standard QC/T545-1999 'automobile cylinder shock absorber bench experiment method', the specific parameters of the adopted sine excitation function are shown in table 1, and the experimental data results of the shock absorber are shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the temperature of the shock absorber is 253K, namely minus 20 ℃, and the movement speed of the piston rod is 0.55m/s, the maximum pressure difference between two ends of the restoring valve plate of the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber piston is 6.023Mpa, and the maximum pressure difference between two ends of the compressing valve plate of the bottom valve is 6.376Mpa, so that the maximum pressure difference between two ends of the restoring valve plate is 6.2Mpa and the maximum pressure difference between two ends of the compressing valve plate is 6.4Mpa when the three-dimensional model experiment load is carried out in ANSYS software.
TABLE 1 specific parameters of the excitation function
Table 2 experimental data results for shock absorbers
By dismantling the valve system of the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber, the measured data of the rebound valve plate and the base valve compression valve plate on the piston are shown in the following table 3, the material of the annular valve plate of the shock absorber is known as silicon steel sheet, and the elastic modulus E=2.09.10 11 Poisson ratio μ=0.3, the equivalent thickness of the valve sheet is calculated according to the data in table 3 and the equivalent thickness calculation formula of the valve sheet superposition, CATIA software is applied, and a three-dimensional model of the valve sheet is drawn as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Table 3 valve plate parameters for damper valve system
The method comprises the steps of carrying out finite element analysis on the electromagnetic valve controlled adjustable damping shock absorber by ANSYS software, firstly, importing a three-dimensional model of a recovery valve plate and a compression valve plate which are established in CATIA into the ANSYS software, defining real constants, namely attribute addition, setting elastic modulus and Poisson ratio, carrying out finite element mesh division on the model, applying constraint and load to the model as shown in figure 3, solving the model by a solver after the operation is finished, solving the recovery valve plate under the condition of no-pass pressure as shown in figures 4-13, solving the compression valve plate as shown in figures 14-23, collecting deformation and load data of the original valve plate into a summary table 4, and collecting deformation and load data of the compression valve plate into a summary table 5.
TABLE 4 recovery valve plate deformation
TABLE 5 deformation of compression valve plates
According to the data in tables 4 and 5, m files are written in MATLAB software, and as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, a polynomial fitting method is adopted to fit a relation curve between valve plate deformation and pressure difference at two ends.
Fitting formula of deformation quantity of the restoring valve plate and pressure difference of two ends:
X 1 =0.1118P 1 +1.3636×10 -4
fitting formula of compression valve plate deflection and two-end pressure difference:
X 2 =0.1288P 2 +1.3636×10 -4
wherein X is 1 ,X 2 The deformation amounts of the recovery valve plate and the compression valve plate are respectively; p (P) 1 ,P 2 Respectively the pressure difference between the two ends of the recovery valve plate and the compression valve plate, P 1 The range of the value of (2) is 0-6.2Mpa; p (P) 2 As can be seen from fig. 24 to 25, when the differential pressure between the two ends of the valve sheet increases, the deformation of the valve sheet increases, as the calculated result is plotted at 0 to 6.4Mpa.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A valve plate analysis method of an electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on finite elements is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining the compression range of two ends of a valve plate of the shock absorber;
secondly, respectively applying a plurality of different acting forces to two ends of a restoring valve block group in a piston assembly and a compressing valve block group in a bottom valve assembly of the damping adjustable shock absorber in the compression range, and recording corresponding deformation;
step three, determining a first relation according to the deformation of the recovery valve block group and acting forces exerted on the two ends, and determining a second relation according to the deformation of the compression valve block group and the acting forces exerted on the two ends;
step four, calculating the deformation of the valve plate after applying acting force to the valve plate actually according to the first relation and the second relation;
in the first step, a valve train characteristic experiment is performed on the electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber to calculate the compression range, and the method comprises the following steps:
the valve train characteristic experiment adopts sine excitation to calculate and determine the piston rod movement speed:
wherein S is the stroke of the shock absorber, V is the movement speed of the piston rod, and n is the sine input frequency;
calculating the pressure difference P at two ends of the annular valve plate:
in the formula, F is the maximum damping force of the restoring stroke and the compression stroke of the shock absorber corresponding to different movement speeds of the piston rod, and A is the area of the annular valve plate.
2. The method for analyzing valve plates of a finite element-based electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the compression range of both ends of the valve plates of the shock absorber is experimentally determined in an incubator, the temperature of the incubator is set to 253K, and the shock absorber is placed in the incubator for three hours after being stationary.
3. The method for analyzing valve plates of a finite element-based electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the current selectively inputted to the shock absorber is 0A when an experiment is performed in an incubator.
4. The method for analyzing the valve plate of the electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber based on the finite element according to claim 1, wherein the stroke test range of the shock absorber for the valve system characteristic test is 50mm, and the test frequency range is 0.31 Hz-3.5 Hz.
5. The method for analyzing valve plates of a finite element-based electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the restoring valve plate group comprises 5 restoring valve plates, the inner diameters of the restoring valve plates are 8mm, the outer diameters of the restoring valve plates are 21mm, and the thicknesses of the restoring valve plates are 0.22mm.
6. The method for analyzing valve plates of a finite element-based electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the compression valve plate group comprises:
the first compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 15.6mm and a thickness of 0.25mm;
the second compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 15.6mm and a thickness of 0.15mm;
the third compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 14.5mm and a thickness of 0.15mm;
the fourth compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 13mm and a thickness of 0.1mm;
and the fifth compression valve plate has an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 10mm and a thickness of 0.1mm.
7. The method for analyzing valve plates of a finite element-based electromagnetic valve controlled damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein in the fourth step, the deformation amount calculation process of the valve plates is as follows:
in the formula, h d Is equivalent thickness of the valve plate after superposition, h 1 The thickness of the valve plate is 1 st, h 2 The thickness of the valve plate of the 2 nd piece is h 3 The thickness of the valve plate of the 3 rd piece, h n Is the thickness of the nth valve plate.
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