CN111257411A - Performance test platform for high-voltage electrical appliance made of insulating material in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature region - Google Patents
Performance test platform for high-voltage electrical appliance made of insulating material in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature region Download PDFInfo
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- CN111257411A CN111257411A CN202010255195.XA CN202010255195A CN111257411A CN 111257411 A CN111257411 A CN 111257411A CN 202010255195 A CN202010255195 A CN 202010255195A CN 111257411 A CN111257411 A CN 111257411A
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/92—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating breakdown voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a high-voltage electrical performance test experiment platform for insulating materials in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature regions, which comprises a vacuum chamber, a primary test chamber and a secondary test chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber, the primary test chamber and the secondary test chamber are nested layer by layer from outside to inside; the refrigerating machine is adopted to provide cold for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform in the primary test chamber, so that the test requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of the 4.2K temperature zone can be met, the secondary test chamber is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, helium is introduced, the refrigerating machine is adopted to provide cold for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, the helium introduced into the helium condensation cavity is liquefied under the action of the refrigerating machine, the liquefied helium is converted into the superflow helium through the throttle valve and the air-extracting pressure-reducing pipeline and is output to the superflow helium cavity, the cold is provided for the superflow helium zone test platform in the secondary test chamber, and the test requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of the 1.8K temperature zone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting magnet devices, in particular to a design of a high-voltage electrical performance test platform for liquid helium and an insulating material at a super-flow helium temperature region.
Background
With the development of superconducting technology, especially the development of large superconducting magnet equipment, such as international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor (ITER), Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), and other devices, the design of the internal electrical system and the safety and stability thereof are receiving more and more attention. The design of the insulation structure in the electrical system is related to the stability of the operation of the whole system, so that the detection of the electrical performance of the insulation material is necessary.
The insulating material used in the electrical insulation design is exposed to the severe environment of high vacuum, extremely low temperature and high magnetic field for a long time, and the surface of the insulating material can be discharged and even broken down. This can cause irreversible damage to the equipment, and severe insulation failure can cause a quench phenomenon, thereby affecting the operation of the entire superconducting magnet. Some high-temperature superconducting devices, such as superconducting current limiting devices, superconducting cables and the like, have operating temperatures within a liquid nitrogen temperature range, and the detection of insulating materials can be directly performed by adopting a method of soaking in liquid nitrogen for testing. The operating environment of the low-temperature superconducting equipment is generally in a liquid helium or even super-current helium temperature region, and if the target temperature region is reached by directly adopting a liquid helium soaking mode, on one hand, a large amount of helium gas resources are wasted, and on the other hand, the economic cost is higher.
Therefore, a high-voltage electrical performance experiment platform for the insulating material sample at the liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature region is built, the G-M refrigerator is used as a cold source, the insulating material is detected under the conditions of high vacuum and extremely low temperature, and the method has very important significance for the evaluation of an insulating system. In addition, external equipment such as a high-voltage control system, a temperature data acquisition system and the like are also necessary conditions of the test platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-voltage electrical performance test experimental platform for insulating materials in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature regions based on the problems in the prior art, which comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a vacuum chamber, a first-stage testing chamber and a second-stage testing chamber which are nested from outside to inside layer by layer;
the liquid helium temperature zone test platform is arranged in the primary test chamber, and a first sample table is arranged on the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the refrigerator is used for providing cold quantity for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the testing device comprises a helium condensation cavity, an overflow helium cavity and an overflow helium temperature zone testing platform, wherein the helium condensation cavity, the overflow helium cavity and the overflow helium temperature zone testing platform are arranged in a secondary testing cavity;
the secondary test chamber and the liquid helium temperature zone test platform are arranged separately, and the experiment platform comprises a first use state and a non-contact second use state, wherein the two use states are in contact with each other;
the high-voltage electrode is communicated with the first sample stage in the second using state and communicated with the second sample stage in the first using state, and helium introduced into the helium condensation cavity is liquefied under the action of the refrigerating machine in the first using state; the throttle valve is used for converting liquefied helium gas into super-flow helium to be output to the super-flow helium cavity in a throttling mode, and the helium gas input is closed in the second using state.
The refrigerator comprises a refrigerator main body, a first-stage cold head and a second-stage cold head, wherein the first-stage cold head and the second-stage cold head are arranged on the refrigerator main body at intervals, the refrigerator main body penetrates through the top wall of the vacuum chamber and the top wall of the first-stage testing chamber, the first-stage cold head is used for pre-cooling helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber, and the second-stage cold head is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone testing platform and is used for providing cold for the liquid helium temperature zone testing platform and liquefying the pre-cooled helium in a first use state.
The experiment platform further comprises a precooling heat exchanger, the precooling heat exchanger is nested in the opening of the top wall of the primary testing chamber and is in thermal contact with the primary cold head, a high-temperature inlet and a low-temperature outlet are respectively formed in the top end and the bottom end of the precooling heat exchanger, and helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber enters the precooling heat exchanger through the high-temperature inlet for heat exchange and then is input into the helium condensing chamber through the low-temperature outlet.
Wherein, the precooling heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The experiment platform further comprises a cold trap, wherein the cold trap is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and used for outputting helium gas after impurities are filtered to the precooling heat exchanger.
The experiment platform further comprises a thermal switch, and the thermal switch is used for transferring cold of the top wall of the primary testing chamber to the outer wall of the super-flow helium cavity through a copper braid in a first use state.
Wherein, the vacuum chamber includes vacuum cover, vacuum flange, connecting bolt and sealing washer, the vacuum flange constitutes the roof of vacuum chamber, and the sealing washer sets up between vacuum cover and vacuum flange, and connecting bolt connects vacuum cover and vacuum flange.
The primary test chamber comprises a primary cold shield and a primary cold shield flange covering the top of the primary cold shield, and the secondary test chamber comprises a secondary cold shield and a secondary cold shield flange covering the top of the secondary cold shield.
The first-stage cold shield flange and the second-stage cold shield flange are connected through a plurality of adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are used for adjusting the height of the second-stage testing chamber so as to switch the experiment platform between a first use state and a second use state.
The number of the first sample stage, the number of the second sample stage and the number of the high-voltage electrodes are consistent.
Compared with the prior art, the high-voltage electrical performance test platform for the liquid helium and the insulating material in the super-flow helium temperature zone comprises a vacuum chamber, a first-stage test chamber and a second-stage test chamber which are arranged in a nested manner layer by layer, wherein the vacuum chamber is used for ensuring the vacuum degree of the test platform, the first-stage test chamber is used for isolating heat transfer between the liquid helium temperature zone test platform and the vacuum chamber, the second-stage test chamber is used for isolating heat transfer between the super-flow helium temperature zone test platform and the first-stage test chamber, the second-stage test chamber is disconnected from the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, a refrigerating machine is adopted for providing cold for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform so as to meet the test requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of a 4.2K temperature zone, the second-stage test chamber is contacted with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, helium is introduced, the refrigerating, and the liquefied helium is converted into the super-current helium through the throttle valve and is output to the super-current helium cavity to provide cold for the super-current helium region test platform, so that the test requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of the 1.8K temperature region can be met. The refrigerator is used as a cold source, the insulating material can be detected under the conditions of 4.2K and 1.8K temperature zones, the energy consumption is saved, and the running cost is also greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage electrical performance testing experiment platform for insulation materials in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature regions according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a perspective exploded view of a pre-cooling heat exchanger in the experimental platform shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of another perspective view of the pre-cooling heat exchanger shown in fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a liquid helium temperature zone testing platform in the experimental platform shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a test platform for a super-flow helium temperature zone in the experimental platform shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses an experimental platform for testing high-voltage electrical performance of insulating materials in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature regions, which at least comprises:
the device comprises a vacuum chamber, a first-stage testing chamber and a second-stage testing chamber which are nested from outside to inside layer by layer;
the liquid helium temperature zone test platform is arranged in the primary test chamber, and a first sample table is arranged on the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the refrigerator is used for providing cold quantity for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the system comprises a helium condensation cavity, an overflow helium cavity and an overflow helium temperature zone test platform which are arranged in a secondary test chamber, wherein the helium condensation cavity is connected to the top wall of the secondary test chamber, helium is introduced into the helium condensation cavity through an air inlet pipeline communicated to the outside of a vacuum chamber, the overflow helium cavity is positioned below the helium condensation cavity and is connected with the helium condensation cavity through a liquid helium pipeline provided with a throttle valve, the overflow helium cavity outputs helium through an air suction pipeline communicated to the outside of the vacuum chamber, the overflow helium temperature zone test platform is nested to the outer side of the overflow helium cavity, a second sample stage is arranged on the overflow helium temperature zone test platform, and the liquid helium temperature zone test platform is arranged in parallel to the overflow helium temperature zone test platform;
the secondary test chamber and the liquid helium temperature zone test platform are arranged separately, and the experiment platform comprises a first use state and a non-contact second use state, wherein the first use state is that the secondary test chamber is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the high-voltage electrode is communicated with the first sample stage in the second using state and communicated with the second sample stage in the first using state, and helium introduced into the helium condensation cavity is liquefied under the action of the refrigerating machine in the first using state; the throttle valve is used for converting liquefied helium gas into super-flow helium to be output to the super-flow helium cavity in a throttling mode, and the helium gas input is closed in the second using state.
Through the arrangement, the vacuum chamber is used for ensuring the vacuum degree of the experimental platform, the first-stage testing chamber is used for isolating the heat transfer between the liquid helium temperature zone testing platform and the vacuum chamber, the second-stage testing chamber is used for isolating the heat transfer between the super-current helium temperature zone testing platform and the first-stage testing chamber, the second-stage testing chamber is disconnected from the liquid helium temperature zone testing platform, the refrigerating machine is adopted for providing the refrigerating capacity for the liquid helium temperature zone testing platform, and the testing requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of the 4.2K temperature zone can be realized, and contacting the secondary test chamber with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, introducing helium gas, providing cold energy for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform by using a refrigerator, liquefying the helium gas introduced into the helium gas condensation chamber under the action of the refrigerator, and the liquefied helium is converted into the super-current helium through the throttle valve and is output to the super-current helium cavity to provide cold for the super-current helium region test platform, so that the test requirement of the insulating material under the use condition of the 1.8K temperature region can be met. The refrigerator is used as a cold source, the insulating material can be detected under the conditions of 4.2K and 1.8K temperature zones, the energy consumption is saved, and the running cost is also greatly reduced.
The basic implementation described above will now be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental platform for testing high-voltage electrical performance of insulating materials in liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature regions according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The system comprises a vacuum chamber, a primary test chamber, a secondary test chamber, a liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11, a refrigerator 1, a helium condensation chamber 12, an overflow helium chamber 13, an overflow helium temperature zone test platform 14, a high-voltage electrode 17, a cold trap 18 and a thermal switch 2.
The vacuum chamber, the first-stage testing chamber and the second-stage testing chamber are nested from outside to inside layer by layer.
In this embodiment, the vacuum chamber includes a vacuum cover 6, a vacuum flange 4, a connecting bolt 5, and a seal ring (not shown). The vacuum flange 4 forms the top wall of the vacuum chamber, the sealing ring is arranged between the vacuum cover 6 and the vacuum flange 4, and the connecting bolt 5 connects the vacuum cover 6 and the vacuum flange 4. The number of the connecting bolts 5 is at least 3, and through holes for the connecting bolts to pass through are arranged at the corresponding positions of the vacuum cover 6 and the vacuum flange 4. Preferably, the vacuum chamber is a stainless steel vacuum chamber, i.e. both the vacuum hood 6 and the vacuum flange 4 are made of stainless steel material.
The vacuum flange 4 is used to carry the top equipment including the refrigerator 1, the high voltage electrode 17, etc. The vacuum flange 4 is also provided with a refrigerator mounting hole, a high-voltage electrode mounting hole, a vacuumizing hole, an air inlet pipeline through hole, an air exhaust pipeline through hole, a thermal switch control switch hole, a throttle valve control switch hole, a stop valve control switch hole and the like.
In other embodiments, the vacuum flange 4 may also constitute another wall of the vacuum chamber.
The primary test chamber comprises a primary cold screen 7 and a primary cold screen flange 19 covering the top of the primary cold screen 7; the secondary test chamber comprises a secondary cold screen 9 and a secondary cold screen flange 21 covering the top of the secondary cold screen 9. Preferably, the primary test chamber and the secondary test chamber are both red copper test chambers, that is, the primary cold shield 7, the primary cold shield flange 19, the secondary cold shield 9 and the secondary cold shield flange 21 are all made of red copper materials.
In this embodiment, the primary cold shield flange 19 and the vacuum flange 4 are connected by a plurality of stainless steel connecting rods, so that the primary test chamber and the vacuum chamber are nested at intervals. In practical application, the vacuum chamber can be arranged at the bottom in a spaced and nested mode by arranging a heat insulation material at the bottom of the vacuum chamber, or the vacuum chamber can be arranged at the bottom wall of the primary testing chamber in a spaced and nested mode by arranging a connecting piece between the bottom wall of the vacuum chamber and the bottom wall of the primary testing chamber.
In this embodiment, the second-stage cold shield flange 21 and the first-stage cold shield flange 19 are connected with adjustable distance through a plurality of adjusting screws 8, so that the second-stage testing chamber and the first-stage testing chamber are nested at intervals. In practical application, the distance adjusting mechanism can be arranged between the bottom wall of the second-stage testing chamber and the bottom wall of the first-stage testing chamber to realize adjustable connection of the distance between the second-stage cold shield flange 21 and the first-stage cold shield flange 19 and the interval nesting arrangement between the two-stage testing chambers.
Refrigerator 1 is a G-M refrigerator. The refrigerator 1 includes a refrigerator main body, and a primary cold head and a secondary cold head which are arranged on the refrigerator main body at intervals. The refrigerator main body passes through the top wall of the vacuum chamber (namely the vacuum flange 4) and the top wall of the primary test chamber (namely the primary cold shield flange 19), the primary cold head is used for pre-cooling helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber, and the secondary cold head is in thermal contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11 and is used for providing cold for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the precooling heat exchanger 10 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, and is manufactured by machining with an integral milling machine and vacuum brazing. The dividing wall type heat exchanger can enhance the heat exchange efficiency and simultaneously prevent the impurity gas mixed in the helium from blocking a pipeline. The precooling heat exchanger 10 is nested in an opening of a top wall (namely a first-stage cold shield flange) of the first-stage testing chamber and is in thermal contact with the first-stage cold head, a high-temperature inlet and a low-temperature outlet are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the precooling heat exchanger 10, and helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber enters the precooling heat exchanger through the high-temperature inlet to exchange heat and then is input into the helium condensing chamber 12 through the low-temperature outlet.
Further, the cold trap 18 is disposed on the air inlet pipeline and is used for outputting the helium gas after impurity filtering to the pre-cooling heat exchanger 10. The cold trap 18 is disposed on the top surface of the primary cold shield flange 19.
Referring to fig. 4, the liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11 is disposed in the first-stage test chamber, and is nested outside the refrigerator 1 and in thermal contact with the second-stage cold head of the refrigerator 1. A first sample table 20 is arranged on the liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11. In this embodiment, the number of the first sample stages 20 is 3, and in other embodiments, the number of the first sample stages is not limited to this embodiment.
The helium condensing cavity 12, the super-flow helium cavity 13 and the super-flow helium temperature zone test platform 14 are arranged in the secondary test chamber. Helium condensation chamber 12 is connected to the roof of second grade condensation chamber (being second grade cold shield flange), and helium condensation chamber 12 inputs the helium through the admission line 15 that communicates to the vacuum chamber outside, and superflow helium chamber 13 is located the below of helium condensation chamber 12 and the two is through the liquid helium pipe connection that sets up choke valve 3, and helium condensation chamber 12 exports the helium through the pump-line 16 that communicates to the vacuum chamber outside that sets up the stop valve. The throttle valve 13 and the shutoff valve are both low-temperature valves. The low-temperature throttle valve is matched with the low-temperature stop valve, and the transformation process from liquid helium to super-flow helium is realized by pumping and reducing pressure. Referring to fig. 5, the super-flow helium temperature zone test platform 14 is nested outside the super-flow helium chamber 13, and a second sample stage 22 is disposed on the super-flow helium temperature zone test platform 14. The liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11 is arranged in parallel to the superflow helium temperature zone test platform 14. In this embodiment, the number of the second sample stages 22 is 3, and in other embodiments, the number of the second sample stages is not limited by this embodiment.
In this application, because the distance between one-level cold shield flange 19 and the second grade cold shield flange 21 (be one-level test chamber roof and second grade test chamber roof) adopts adjustable setting, consequently, second grade test chamber and liquid helium warm area test platform 11 are separable setting, make experiment platform have the first user state and the non-contact second user state of second grade test chamber and the two contact of liquid helium warm area test platform 11, with the mutual independence of two kinds of operating modes of realization liquid helium warm area (4.2K) insulating material high-voltage electrical performance test and superflow helium warm area (1.8K) high-voltage electrical performance test.
The high-voltage electrode 17 is used for being communicated with the first sample table 20 in the second use state and communicated with the second sample table 22 in the first use state, and helium introduced into the helium condensation cavity is liquefied under the action of the refrigerating machine 1 in the first use state; the throttle valve 3 converts the liquefied helium gas into the overflow helium to be output to the overflow helium chamber 13 in a throttling mode, and the helium gas input is closed in the second use state. The number of the first sample stage 20, the second sample stage 22 and the high voltage electrode 17 is consistent.
Because the experiment platform has a first use state in which the secondary test chamber is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11 and a second use state in which the secondary test chamber is not in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, the two working conditions of the high-voltage electrical performance test of the insulating material in the liquid helium temperature zone (4.2K) and the high-voltage electrical performance test of the super-flow helium temperature zone (1.8K) can be independent of each other.
The thermal switch 2 passes through the vacuum flange 4, the first cold shield flange 19 and the second cold shield flange 21 and then is suspended above the super current helium cavity 13, and the thermal switch 2 can be switched on and off in thermal contact with the super current helium cavity 13 by adjusting the height of the thermal switch. The thermal switch 2 is used for transferring the cold quantity of the top wall of the primary testing chamber to the outer wall of the super-flow helium chamber 13 through a copper braid in a first use state, so that the experiment platform can be quickly cooled in the early stage precooling process, and the usage amount of precooled helium is reduced.
The liquid helium temperature zone test platform and the super-current helium temperature zone test platform simulate the severe environment of extremely low temperature and high vacuum degree in the actual operation process of the insulating material. When the test platform operates under the working condition of 1.8K, the secondary test chamber is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform 11 by reducing the distance between the primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen, the G-M refrigerator 1 is used as a cold source, helium is used as a medium, the cold energy of the primary cold head of the G-M refrigerator is used for precooling the helium, the precooled helium is liquefied at the secondary cold head, the liquid helium is stored in the super-flow helium cavity 13, the throttling effect of the throttle valve 13 is matched with air suction and pressure reduction, and the transformation from the liquid helium to the super-flow helium is realized in the super-flow helium cavity 13, so that the low-temperature environment of 1.8K is. When the test device operates under the working condition of 4.2K, the distance between the primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen is increased, the secondary test chamber is disconnected from the thermal contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform, and the test sample is cooled by adopting a direct cooling mode of the refrigerator 1.
When a high-voltage electrical performance test of the liquid helium temperature region is carried out, the adjusting screw rod is unscrewed firstly, so that a secondary test chamber is separated from a liquid helium temperature region test platform, a secondary cold shield flange 21, a primary cold shield flange 19 and a vacuum flange 4 are sequentially installed, then vacuumizing is carried out, the refrigerator 1 is opened, and when the secondary cold head reaches the stable temperature of 4.2K, the temperature of the liquid helium temperature region test platform is stabilized at the liquid helium temperature region.
When a high-voltage electrical performance test of an superflow liquid helium temperature zone is carried out, the adjusting screw rod 8 is screwed firstly, so that the secondary test chamber is in contact with a liquid helium temperature zone test platform, the secondary cold shield flange 21, the primary cold shield flange 19 and the vacuum flange 4 are installed in sequence and then vacuumized, the thermal switch 2 is dropped, the refrigerator 1 is opened, and when the temperature of the primary cold head of the refrigerator 1 is stabilized to 30K, the thermal switch 2 is lifted. Helium is conveyed into the device through an air inlet pipeline 15, impurities contained in the helium are removed through a cold trap 18, the helium is precooled through a precooling heat exchanger 10, the precooled helium is condensed into liquid helium in a helium condensing cavity 12, a throttle valve 2 is opened, the liquid helium enters an overflow helium cavity 13 through the throttle valve 12, an air exhaust pipeline 16 stabilizes the pressure in the overflow helium cavity 13 at 16KPa in an air exhaust and pressure reduction mode, and when the temperature in the overflow helium cavity 13 reaches 1.8K, a test experiment of the high-voltage electrical performance of the overflow helium temperature region is carried out.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a liquid helium and super-current helium warm zone insulating material high-voltage electrical performance test experiment platform which characterized in that, the experiment platform includes:
the device comprises a vacuum chamber, a first-stage testing chamber and a second-stage testing chamber which are nested from outside to inside layer by layer;
the liquid helium temperature zone test platform is arranged in the primary test chamber, and a first sample table is arranged on the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the refrigerator is used for providing cold quantity for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform;
the testing device comprises a helium condensation cavity, an overflow helium cavity and an overflow helium temperature zone testing platform, wherein the helium condensation cavity, the overflow helium cavity and the overflow helium temperature zone testing platform are arranged in a secondary testing cavity;
the secondary test chamber and the liquid helium temperature zone test platform are arranged separately, and the experiment platform comprises a first use state and a non-contact second use state, wherein the two use states are in contact with each other;
the high-voltage electrode is communicated with the first sample stage in the second using state and communicated with the second sample stage in the first using state, and helium introduced into the helium condensation cavity is liquefied under the action of the refrigerating machine in the first using state; the throttle valve is used for converting liquefied helium gas into super-flow helium to be output to the super-flow helium cavity in a throttling mode, and the helium gas input is closed in the second using state.
2. The liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature zone insulating material high-voltage electrical performance test experiment platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refrigerator comprises a refrigerator main body, a primary cold head and a secondary cold head which are arranged on the refrigerator main body at intervals, the refrigerator main body penetrates through the top wall of the vacuum chamber and the top wall of the primary test chamber, the primary cold head is used for pre-cooling helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber, and the secondary cold head is in contact with the liquid helium temperature zone test platform and is used for providing cold for the liquid helium temperature zone test platform and liquefying the pre-cooled helium in a first use state.
3. The liquid helium and super flow helium temperature zone insulating material high-voltage electrical performance test experiment platform of claim 2, characterized in that, the experiment platform further comprises a precooling heat exchanger, the precooling heat exchanger is nested in the opening of the top wall of the primary test chamber and is in thermal contact with the primary cold head, the top end and the bottom end of the precooling heat exchanger are respectively provided with a high-temperature inlet and a low-temperature outlet, and helium input from the outside of the vacuum chamber enters the precooling heat exchanger through the high-temperature inlet for heat exchange and then is input into a helium condensation chamber through the low-temperature outlet.
4. The liquid helium and super flow helium temperature zone insulating material high voltage electrical performance test experiment platform of claim 3, wherein the precooling heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
5. The liquid helium and super flow helium temperature zone insulating material high-voltage electrical performance test experiment platform of claim 3, wherein the experiment platform further comprises a cold trap, and the cold trap is arranged on the gas inlet pipeline and is used for outputting helium gas after impurity filtration to the precooling heat exchanger.
6. The experimental platform for testing the high-voltage electrical performance of liquid helium and super-flow helium temperature zone insulating materials according to claim 3, wherein the primary cold head is in thermal contact with the top wall of the primary testing chamber, and the experimental platform further comprises a thermal switch, and the thermal switch is used for transferring cold of the top wall of the primary testing chamber to the outer wall of the super-flow helium chamber through a copper braid in the first use state.
7. The experimental platform for testing the high-voltage electrical performance of the liquid helium and the super-flow helium temperature zone insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum chamber comprises a vacuum cover, a vacuum flange, a connecting bolt and a sealing ring, the vacuum flange forms a top wall of the vacuum chamber, the sealing ring is arranged between the vacuum cover and the vacuum flange, and the connecting bolt connects the vacuum cover and the vacuum flange.
8. The experimental platform for testing the high-voltage electrical performance of the liquid helium and the super-flow helium temperature zone insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary test chamber comprises a primary cold shield and a primary cold shield flange covering the top of the primary cold shield, and the secondary test chamber comprises a secondary cold shield and a secondary cold shield flange covering the top of the secondary cold shield.
9. The experimental platform for testing the high-voltage electrical performance of the liquid helium and the super-flow helium temperature zone insulating material according to claim 8, wherein the primary cold shield flange and the secondary cold shield flange are connected through a plurality of adjusting screws, and the plurality of adjusting screws are used for adjusting the height of the secondary test chamber so as to switch the experimental platform between the first use state and the second use state.
10. The experimental platform for testing the high-voltage electrical performance of the liquid helium and the super-flow helium temperature zone insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first sample stage, the number of the second sample stage and the number of the high-voltage electrodes are the same.
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| CN113690009A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-23 | 上海电气(集团)总公司智惠医疗装备分公司 | Electric insulation cold conduction structure |
| CN114165653A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-03-11 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Multichannel liquid helium transfusion pipe and liquid helium transfusion device |
| CN114279167A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Precooling device of superfluid helium system |
| CN114353975A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Low temperature test system |
| CN114739095A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-12 | 广东盈峰科技有限公司 | Device of adjustable vacuum |
| CN114812095A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
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| CN114931840B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-02-13 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Helium three-gas purifying system |
| CN115440536A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-12-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Thermal switch and method for quick precooling of dry dilution refrigerator with inserted link function |
| CN117167653A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 无锡华立聚能装备有限公司 | Adjusting device for gas helium cooling screen in vacuum tank |
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