CN113690009A - Electric insulation cold conduction structure - Google Patents
Electric insulation cold conduction structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113690009A CN113690009A CN202111038059.6A CN202111038059A CN113690009A CN 113690009 A CN113690009 A CN 113690009A CN 202111038059 A CN202111038059 A CN 202111038059A CN 113690009 A CN113690009 A CN 113690009A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electric insulation cold conduction structure, which comprises a first metal piece, a second metal piece, a pre-tightening assembly, an insulation assembly and insulation cold conduction sheets distributed between the first metal piece and the second metal piece, wherein at least one of the first metal piece and the second metal piece is electrified, and one of the first metal piece and the second metal piece is used for being connected with a refrigerator; the pre-tightening assembly enables the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting sheet and the second metal piece to be tightly pressed; the insulating assembly insulates the first metal piece and the second metal piece. One of the first metal piece and the second metal piece, which is connected with the refrigerator, cools the other metal piece through a thin insulating cold-conducting sheet to realize cold conduction; the insulation is realized by the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet and the insulating component. In this way, good cold conduction efficiency and no leakage of electricity of the cold conduction path and the conducting path are ensured, and finally, good insulation and as small as possible temperature difference between the first metal part and the second metal part are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnet application, in particular to an electric insulation cold conduction structure.
Background
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses the magnetic resonance phenomenon of nuclei (e.g., protons) in a highly uniform magnetic field to image different tissues and organs in the body, thereby achieving functions such as medical diagnosis. In the end of 1978, the first set of magnetic resonance systems was produced in a small wooden house located at the siemens research base of erlangs, germany. By the end of 1979, when the system was finally operational, its first work was an image of the pepper. In 3 months of 1980, the first human brain image was obtained, and the data acquisition time at that time was 8 minutes. In 1983, siemens successfully installed the first clinical magnetic resonance imaging device at hannover medical college, germany, and the magnetic field strength of the system was only 0.2 tesla, which required 1.5 hours for completing one examination. The advent of superconducting magnet technology has accelerated image generation, simplified system installation, and greatly improved image quality.
The superconducting magnet generates a uniform strong magnetic field required by a magnetic resonance system, but extremely low temperature working conditions are required to meet the requirement of the critical temperature of the superconductor; at present, the critical temperature of a commercial magnetic resonance imaging superconducting magnet is generally less than 7K, and the superconducting magnet cannot work normally when the critical temperature is higher than the critical temperature of the superconductor. In order to generate and maintain the required cryogenic working conditions for the superconducting magnet, the superconducting magnet is conventionally immersed in liquid helium (a boiling point of 4.2K at atmospheric pressure) refrigerant, so that heat radiation from the external environment of the magnet, conduction leakage heat of the magnet supporting parts, ohmic heat of the magnet joint resistance and the like are conducted away from the magnet, thereby maintaining the cryogenic conditions required for the normal operation of the magnet. However, in the process of soaking the superconducting magnet with liquid helium, the liquid helium is continuously consumed, so that the superconducting magnet needs to be supplemented with the liquid helium regularly, the operation process is very complicated, and professional personnel are required to maintain the superconducting magnet; in addition, liquid helium is a scarce resource, the price is very expensive, the acquisition of the liquid helium is limited in foreign countries, and the sustainability of the liquid helium cannot be guaranteed. In order to overcome the loss of liquid helium in the process of soaking the magnet by liquid helium, the technology is more and more generally applied by condensing volatilized liquid helium by a refrigerating machine and returning the liquid helium to the magnet, and particularly has greater requirements on areas where the liquid helium is difficult to supply. However, this technique still requires the use of a large amount of liquid helium as a refrigerant, which is still consumed during quenching and magnetization and demagnetization of the magnet.
Furthermore, a liquid helium-free superconducting technology, i.e., completely free of liquid helium, is also available on the market; the superconducting coil is directly cooled by the refrigerator, so that the superconducting coil is maintained in a low-temperature superconducting state, and only power resources are consumed during the production, test and operation of the superconducting magnet, and helium is not required to be consumed. The cooling method in the non-liquid helium superconducting technology is that a high-thermal conductivity metal (such as copper) is directly connected with a refrigerator and a superconducting coil to cool the superconducting magnet; the two modes have advantages respectively. The two technical directions can use a large amount of electric insulation cold conduction structures, namely, insulation between the structures is achieved, and meanwhile good cold conduction between the structures is guaranteed, so that the temperature difference between the structures is as small as possible. However, most of the prior art electrically insulating cold conducting structures are complicated, high in cost and prone to failure of the electrical insulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electrically insulating and cold conducting structure, which is simple in structure and is both electrically insulating and cold conducting well and reliable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrically insulating cold conducting structure, which comprises a first metal part and a second metal part arranged side by side, wherein at least one of the first metal part and the second metal part is electrified, and one of the first metal part and the second metal part is used for connecting with a refrigerator; the electric insulation cold conduction structure further comprises a pre-tightening assembly, an insulation assembly and insulation cold conduction sheets distributed between the first metal piece and the second metal piece, wherein the pre-tightening assembly enables the first metal piece, the insulation cold conduction sheets and the second metal piece to be tightly pressed, and the insulation assembly enables the first metal piece and the second metal piece to be insulated.
Further, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet is made of aluminum nitride, GRP, PTFE or Mylar.
Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet is 0.02 mm-0.2 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet is 0.05mm or 0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt and a pre-tightening nut, wherein the pre-tightening bolt is arranged in the first metal piece, the insulating cold conducting sheet and the second metal piece in a penetrating mode, and the pre-tightening nut is connected to the pre-tightening bolt in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt, first gaskets distributed between the first metal piece and the head of the pre-tightening bolt, and second gaskets distributed between the second metal piece and the pre-tightening nut, wherein the first gaskets, the first metal piece, the insulating cold conducting thin sheet, the second metal piece and the second gaskets are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve.
Preferably, in the axial direction of the pre-tightening bolt, the length of the insulating sleeve is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the first gasket, the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet, the second metal piece and the second gasket, and the length of the insulating sleeve is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet and the second metal piece.
Furthermore, the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt and a pre-tightening nut, wherein the pre-tightening bolt is arranged in the first metal piece, the insulating cold conducting sheet and the second metal piece in a penetrating mode, and the pre-tightening nut is connected to the pre-tightening bolt in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt and first gaskets distributed between the first metal piece and the head of the pre-tightening bolt, and the first gaskets, the first metal piece, the insulating cold conducting thin sheet and the second metal piece are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve.
Preferably, the insulating sleeve, the first gasket and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet are in tight fit, and the insulating sleeve, the first metal piece, the second metal piece and the pre-tightening bolt are in clearance fit.
Furthermore, the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt and a pre-tightening nut, wherein the pre-tightening bolt is arranged in the first metal piece, the insulating cold conducting sheet and the second metal piece in a penetrating mode, and the pre-tightening nut is connected to the pre-tightening bolt in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt and second gaskets distributed between the second metal piece and the pre-tightening nut, and the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting sheet, the second metal piece and the second gaskets are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve.
Preferably, the insulating sleeve, the second gasket and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet are in tight fit, and the insulating sleeve, the first metal piece, the second metal piece and the pre-tightening bolt are in clearance fit.
Furthermore, the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt which is arranged in the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting sheet and the second metal piece in a penetrating mode, and the second metal piece is in threaded connection with the pre-tightening bolt; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt and first gaskets distributed between the first metal piece and the head of the pre-tightening bolt, and the first gaskets, the first metal piece and the insulating cold conducting thin sheets are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve.
Further, the pre-tightening assembly and the insulating assembly are provided with a plurality of groups.
Further, the pre-tightening bolt is a metal piece.
Furthermore, heat-conducting glue is coated on the inner end face of the first metal piece, which is in contact with the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet, and the inner end face of the second metal piece, which is in contact with the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet.
Furthermore, a first chamfer part is arranged on the inner end surface of the first metal part at the position of the pre-tightening bolt, so that a first empty area is formed between the first metal part and the insulating cold-conducting sheet; and a second chamfer part is arranged on the inner end surface of the second metal piece at the position of the pre-tightening bolt, so that a second empty area is formed between the second metal piece and the insulating cold-conducting sheet.
As described above, the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the application, the first metal piece, the insulating cold-conducting sheet and the second metal piece are tightly pressed through the pre-tightening assembly, one metal piece in the first metal piece and the second metal piece is connected with the refrigerator, and the other metal piece is cooled by the metal piece through the thin insulating cold-conducting sheet, so that cold conduction between the first metal piece and the second metal piece is realized; and the insulation between the first metal piece and the second metal piece is realized through the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet and the insulating assembly. Therefore, the cold conducting path and the conducting path are ensured to be electricity-tight under the condition of ensuring good cold conducting efficiency, and finally good insulation and temperature difference as small as possible between the first metal piece and the second metal piece are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an electrical insulation and cold conduction structure according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of an electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of an electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in the present application.
Description of the element reference numerals
10 first metal piece
11 first chamfer part
12 first empty zone
20 second metal piece
21 second chamfer
22 second vacant area
30 insulating cold conducting thin sheet
40 pre-tightening bolt
50 pre-tightening nut
60 insulating sleeve
70 first gasket
80 second gasket
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, or fig. 4, the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure according to the present invention includes a first metal part 10, a second metal part 20, a pre-tightening assembly, an insulating assembly, and an insulating and cold conducting sheet 30, where the first metal part 10 and the second metal part 20 are arranged side by side, and the insulating and cold conducting sheet 30 is distributed between the first metal part 10 and the second metal part 20 to separate the first metal part 10 from the second metal part 20. In the following embodiments, for convenience of description, the side-by-side direction of the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is defined as a left-right direction, and thus the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 are sequentially distributed from right to left. At least one of the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is electrified, and one of the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is used for being connected with a refrigerator; the pre-tightening assembly enables the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 to be tightly pressed; the insulation assembly insulates between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20. In a specific application of the above-mentioned electrical insulation cold conduction structure for cooling a superconducting magnet, the first metal piece 10 is not electrically charged and is connected to a refrigerator, and the second metal piece 20 is a superconducting magnet and is electrically charged.
In the above-mentioned electric insulation cold conduction structure, the pretension component compresses tightly the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20, then the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 respectively press tightly and cling to the right side and the left side of the insulation cold conduction sheet 30, and the first metal piece 10 is connected with the refrigerator, then the first metal piece 10 cools the second metal piece 20 through the thin insulation cold conduction sheet 30 by heat conduction, so as to realize cold conduction between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20, and can cool the electrified superconducting magnet to 4K temperature. And, the insulation between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is realized by the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the insulating assembly. In this way, the present application ensures that the cold conduction path (i.e. the heat conduction path) and the conductive path are electrically leaktight while ensuring good cold conduction efficiency (i.e. heat conduction efficiency), and finally ensures good insulation and as small a temperature difference as possible between the first metal part 10 and the second metal part 20. Moreover, the whole structure of the device is simple and easy to realize, and the cost is low.
Further, the pre-tightening component and the insulating component in the electric insulation cold conduction structure have multiple structures, and the electric insulation cold conduction structure has multiple preferred embodiments based on the pre-tightening component and the insulating component with different structures. Several preferred embodiments of the electrically insulating cold conducting structure are provided below.
Embodiment one of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure
In the first embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure, as shown in fig. 1, there are a group of pre-tightening components and an insulating component. The pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt 40 extending left and right and a pre-tightening nut 50 in threaded connection with the left end of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening bolt 40 sequentially penetrates through the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 from right to left, and through holes allowing the pre-tightening bolt 40 to penetrate through are formed in the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20. The insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve 60 extending left and right, a first gasket 70 distributed between the head parts of the right ends of the first metal piece 10 and the pre-tightening bolt 40, and a second gasket 80 distributed between the second metal piece 20 and the pre-tightening nut 50, wherein the insulating sleeve 60 is sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and the first gasket 70, the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30, the second metal piece 20 and the second gasket 80 are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve 60. In this way, after the pretightening nut 50 is screwed on the pretightening bolt 40, the pretightening nut 50 abuts against the left end of the second gasket 80 to apply a rightward acting force to the second gasket 80, and the second gasket 80, the second metal piece 20, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30, the first metal piece 10 and the first gasket 70 are sequentially abutted to the right end head of the pretightening bolt 40, so that the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 are compressed. Meanwhile, the first gasket 70 and the insulating sleeve 60 insulate the first metal piece 10 from the pre-tightening bolt 40, the second gasket 80 and the insulating sleeve 60 insulate the second metal piece 20 from the pre-tightening bolt 40, and the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 is combined to thoroughly insulate the first metal piece 10 from the second metal piece 20. In this way, a good and reliable conduction of cold and insulation between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is achieved.
Preferably, the pre-tightening bolt 40 and the pre-tightening nut 50 are both metal pieces, so that the connection strength and reliability are improved; the pre-tightening bolt 40 constitutes a third metal piece in the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, and the pre-tightening nut 50 constitutes a fourth metal piece in the electrical insulation cold conduction structure. First gasket 70, second gasket 80 and insulating sleeve 60 are all non-metallic members and are made of an insulating material, such as GRP (glass reinforced thermoset plastic or glass reinforced plastic) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). The thickness of the first gasket 70 and the second gasket 80 is determined according to the mechanical strength and the insulation performance requirements of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, and is preferably 1mm to 10 mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the insulating sleeve 60 is tightly fitted with the first gasket 70, the second gasket 80 and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30, and the insulating sleeve 60 is in clearance fit with the first metal piece 10, the second metal piece 20 and the pre-tightening bolt 40. In this way, the inner diameter of the insulating sleeve 60 is larger than the outer diameter of the threaded portion of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the outer diameters of the insulating sleeve 60 are larger than the inner diameter of the first gasket 70, the inner diameter of the second gasket 80 and the inner diameter of the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30, and the outer diameters of the insulating sleeve 60 are smaller than the inner diameters of the first metal part 10 and the second metal part 20.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the axial direction of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is smaller than the distance between the right end of the first gasket 70 and the left end of the second gasket 80, that is, smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first gasket 70, the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30, the second metal piece 20 and the second gasket 80; however, the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is greater than the distance between the right end of the first metal piece 10 and the left end of the second metal piece 20, that is, the total thickness of the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20. Therefore, the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends rightwards to the first gasket 70 but is positioned on the left side of the right end of the first gasket 70, the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends leftwards to the second gasket 80 but is positioned on the right side of the left end of the second gasket 80, an axial gap is formed between the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the head of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and an axial gap is also formed between the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the pre-tightening nut 50.
Second embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure
The second embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure is different from the first embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in that: the second gasket 80 in the first embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure is omitted. Based on this, as shown in fig. 2, in the second embodiment of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, the pre-tightening assembly includes a pre-tightening bolt 40 extending left and right and a pre-tightening nut 50 screwed on the left end of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening bolt 40 is sequentially inserted into the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 from right to left, and through holes for allowing the pre-tightening bolt 40 to pass through are formed in all of the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20. The insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve 60 extending left and right and a first gasket 70 distributed between the first metal piece 10 and the right end head of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the insulating sleeve 60 is sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and the first gasket 70, the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve 60. After the pre-tightening nut 50 is tightened on the pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening nut 50 abuts against the left end of the second metal piece 20 and applies a rightward acting force to the second metal piece 20, so that the second metal piece 20, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30, the first metal piece 10 and the first gasket 70 are sequentially abutted rightward against the right end head of the pre-tightening bolt 40. Meanwhile, the first gasket 70, the insulating sleeve 60 and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30 are respectively distributed at the right end, the inner periphery and the left end of the first metal piece 10 to completely separate the first metal piece 10, so that the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 are insulated.
In the second embodiment of the electrical insulating and cold conducting structure, as shown in fig. 2, the insulating sleeve 60, the first gasket 70 and the insulating and cold conducting thin sheet 30 are tightly fitted, and the insulating sleeve 60, the first metal piece 10, the second metal piece 20 and the pre-tightening bolt 40 are in clearance fit. In the axial direction of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the first gasket 70, the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20, but the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20. Therefore, the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends rightwards to the first gasket 70 and is located on the left side of the right end of the first gasket 70, and the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends leftwards to the second metal piece 20 and is located on the right side of the left end of the second metal piece 20, so that axial gaps are reserved between the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the head of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and between the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the pre-tightening nut 50.
Third embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure
The third embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure is different from the first embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in that: the first gasket 70 in the first embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure is omitted. Based on this, as shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, the pre-tightening assembly includes a pre-tightening bolt 40 extending left and right and a pre-tightening nut 50 screwed on the left end of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening bolt 40 is sequentially inserted into the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 from right to left, and through holes for allowing the pre-tightening bolt 40 to pass through are formed in all of the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20. The insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve 60 extending left and right and second gaskets 80 distributed between the second metal piece 20 and the pre-tightening nut 50, the insulating sleeve 60 is sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30, the second metal piece 20 and the second gaskets 80 are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve 60. After the pre-tightening nut 50 is tightened on the pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening nut 50 abuts against the left end of the second gasket 80, applies a rightward acting force to the second gasket 80, and sequentially presses the second gasket 80, the second metal piece 20, the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and the first metal piece 10 rightward against the right end head of the pre-tightening bolt 40. Meanwhile, the second gasket 80, the insulating sleeve 60 and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30 are respectively distributed at the left end, the inner circumference and the right end of the second metal piece 20, so as to completely separate the second metal piece 20, and insulate the first metal piece 10 from the second metal piece 20.
In the third embodiment of the electrical insulating and cold conducting structure, as shown in fig. 3, the insulating sleeve 60, the second gasket 80 and the insulating and cold conducting thin sheet 30 are tightly fitted, and the insulating sleeve 60, the first metal piece 10, the second metal piece 20 and the pre-tightening bolt 40 are in clearance fit. In the axial direction of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30, the second metal piece 20 and the second gasket 80, but the length of the insulating sleeve 60 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the first metal piece 10, the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20; therefore, the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends rightwards to the first metal part 10 but is located on the left side of the right end of the first metal part 10, and the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends leftwards to the second gasket 80 but is located on the right side of the left end of the second gasket 80, so that axial gaps are reserved between the right end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the head of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and between the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 and the pre-tightening nut 50.
Fourth embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure
The fourth embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure is different from the first embodiment of the electrical insulation and cold conduction structure in that: the second washer 80 and the pre-tightening nut 50 in the first embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure are omitted. Based on this, as shown in fig. 4, in the fourth embodiment of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, the pre-tightening assembly includes a pre-tightening bolt 40, the pre-tightening bolt 40 is sequentially inserted into the first metal piece 10, the insulation cold conduction sheet 30 and the second metal piece 20 from right to left, the second metal piece 20 is screwed to the left end of the pre-tightening bolt 40, then through holes allowing the pre-tightening bolt 40 to pass through are formed in both the first metal piece 10 and the insulation cold conduction sheet 30, and a threaded hole in threaded engagement with the pre-tightening bolt 40 is formed in the second metal piece 20. The insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve 60 and a first gasket 70 distributed between the first metal piece 10 and the head of the pre-tightening bolt 40, the insulating sleeve 60 is sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt 40, and the first gasket 70, the first metal piece 10 and the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve 60. After the second metal piece 20 is screwed on the pre-tightening bolt 40, the second metal piece 20 abuts against the left side of the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30 and applies a rightward acting force to the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30, and the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30, the first metal piece 10 and the first gasket 70 are sequentially abutted against the right end head of the pre-tightening bolt 40 rightward. Meanwhile, the first gasket 70, the insulating sleeve 60 and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30 are respectively distributed at the right end, the inner periphery and the left end of the first metal piece 10 to completely separate the first metal piece 10, so that the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 are insulated.
In the fourth embodiment of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, as shown in fig. 4, along the axial direction of the insulation sleeve 60, the right end of the insulation sleeve 60 extends to the right to the first gasket 70, but is located at the left side of the right end of the first gasket 70; the left end of the insulating sleeve 60 extends to the left to the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30 and slightly extends to the left from the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30. The insulating sleeve 60, the first gasket 70 and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet 30 are in tight fit, and the insulating sleeve 60, the first metal piece 10 and the pre-tightening bolt 40 are in clearance fit.
Fifth embodiment of the electrically insulating and cold conducting structure
In the fifth embodiment of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, as shown in fig. 5, the electrical insulation cold conduction structure includes a plurality of pre-tightening assemblies and insulating assemblies in the first to fourth embodiments of the electrical insulation cold conduction structure, and the structures of the plurality of pre-tightening assemblies and the insulating assemblies may be the same or different. Such as: the electric insulation cold conduction structure comprises three groups of pre-tightening components and insulation components in the first embodiment of the electric insulation cold conduction structure; or, the electric insulation cold conduction structure comprises three groups of pre-tightening components and insulation components in the second embodiment of the electric insulation cold conduction structure; or, the electric insulation cold conduction structure comprises a group of pre-tightening components and insulation components in the first embodiment of the electric insulation cold conduction structure and a group of pre-tightening components and insulation components in the third embodiment of the electric insulation cold conduction structure.
Further, in the five embodiments of the electrical insulating and cold conducting structure, the material of the insulating and cold conducting sheet 30 is aluminum nitride, or GRP (glass reinforced thermosetting plastic or glass reinforced plastic), or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), or Mylar (Mylar), which has a good thermal conductivity at low temperature; the thickness of the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 is 0.02 mm-0.2 mm, preferably 0.05mm or 0.1mm, so that the heat conduction efficiency between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is improved. Moreover, the inner end surface of the first metal piece 10 contacting the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 and the inner end surface of the second metal piece 20 contacting the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30 are coated with heat-conducting glue, so that the heat conduction efficiency between the first metal piece 10 and the second metal piece 20 is further improved, and the cooling effect on the superconducting magnet is also improved. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the inner end surface of the first metal piece 10 is provided with a first chamfer 11 at the position of the pre-tightening bolt 40, so that a first empty area 12 is formed between the first metal piece 10 and the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet 30; a second chamfer part 21 is arranged on the inner end surface of the second metal piece 20 at the position of the pre-tightening bolt 40, so that a second empty area 22 is formed between the second metal piece 20 and the insulating cold-conducting sheet 30; the first vacant area 12 and the second vacant area 22 can effectively increase the creepage distance between the first metal part 10 and the second metal part 20, and greatly improve the reliability and effectiveness of insulation between the two.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. An electric insulation cold conduction structure comprises a first metal piece (10) and a second metal piece (20) which are arranged side by side, wherein at least one of the first metal piece (10) and the second metal piece (20) is electrified, and one of the first metal piece (10) and the second metal piece (20) is used for being connected with a refrigerator; the method is characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a pre-tightening assembly, an insulating assembly and insulating cold-conducting sheets (30) distributed between the first metal piece (10) and the second metal piece (20), wherein the pre-tightening assembly enables the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheets (30) and the second metal piece (20) to be compressed tightly, and the insulating assembly enables the first metal piece (10) and the second metal piece (20) to be insulated.
2. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30) is made of aluminum nitride, GRP, PTFE or Mylar.
3. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30) is 0.02 mm-0.2 mm.
4. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 3, wherein: the thickness of the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30) is 0.05mm or 0.1 mm.
5. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt (40) arranged in the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20) in a penetrating mode, and a pre-tightening nut (50) connected to the pre-tightening bolt (40) in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve (60) sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt (40), a first gasket (70) distributed between the first metal piece (10) and the head of the pre-tightening bolt (40), and a second gasket (80) distributed between the second metal piece (20) and the pre-tightening nut (50), wherein the first gasket (70), the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30), the second metal piece (20) and the second gasket (80) are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve (60).
6. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 5, wherein: along the axial direction of the pre-tightening bolt (40), the length of the insulating sleeve (60) is smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the first gasket (70), the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30), the second metal piece (20) and the second gasket (80), and the length of the insulating sleeve (60) is larger than the sum of the thicknesses of the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20).
7. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt (40) arranged in the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20) in a penetrating mode, and a pre-tightening nut (50) connected to the pre-tightening bolt (40) in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve (60) sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt (40) and first gaskets (70) distributed between the first metal piece (10) and the head of the pre-tightening bolt (40), wherein the first gaskets (70), the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold conducting thin sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20) are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve (60).
8. An electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 5 or 7, wherein: the insulating sleeve (60), the first gasket (70) and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet (30) are in tight fit, and the insulating sleeve (60), the first metal piece (10), the second metal piece (20) and the pre-tightening bolt (40) are in clearance fit.
9. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt (40) arranged in the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20) in a penetrating mode, and a pre-tightening nut (50) connected to the pre-tightening bolt (40) in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve (60) sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt (40) and second gaskets (80) distributed between the second metal piece (20) and the pre-tightening nut (50), and the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold conducting sheet (30), the second metal piece (20) and the second gaskets (80) are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve (60).
10. An electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 5 or 9, wherein: the insulating sleeve (60), the second gasket (80) and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet (30) are in tight fit, and the insulating sleeve (60), the first metal piece (10), the second metal piece (20) and the pre-tightening bolt (40) are in clearance fit.
11. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-tightening assembly comprises a pre-tightening bolt (40) which is arranged in the first metal piece (10), the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30) and the second metal piece (20) in a penetrating mode, and the second metal piece (20) is connected to the pre-tightening bolt (40) in a threaded mode; the insulating assembly comprises an insulating sleeve (60) sleeved on the periphery of the pre-tightening bolt (40) and first gaskets (70) distributed between the first metal piece (10) and the head of the pre-tightening bolt (40), wherein the first gaskets (70), the first metal piece (10) and the insulating cold conducting thin sheet (30) are all sleeved on the periphery of the insulating sleeve (60).
12. An electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 5, or 7, or 9, or 11, wherein: the pre-tightening assembly and the insulating assembly are provided with a plurality of groups.
13. An electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 5, or 7, or 9, or 11, wherein: the pre-tightening bolt (40) is a metal piece.
14. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: and heat-conducting glue is coated on the inner end surface of the first metal piece (10) contacted with the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30) and the inner end surface of the second metal piece (20) contacted with the insulating cold-conducting thin sheet (30).
15. The electrically insulating cold conducting structure according to claim 1, wherein: a first chamfer part (11) is arranged on the inner end surface of the first metal piece (10) at the position of the pre-tightening bolt (40), so that a first empty area (12) is formed between the first metal piece (10) and the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30); and a second chamfer part (21) is arranged on the inner end surface of the second metal piece (20) at the position of the pre-tightening bolt (40), so that a second empty area (22) is formed between the second metal piece (20) and the insulating cold-conducting sheet (30).
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