CN111256155A - Incineration process device and method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid - Google Patents

Incineration process device and method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111256155A
CN111256155A CN202010171446.6A CN202010171446A CN111256155A CN 111256155 A CN111256155 A CN 111256155A CN 202010171446 A CN202010171446 A CN 202010171446A CN 111256155 A CN111256155 A CN 111256155A
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water
cooling
furnace
pipeline
jacket
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刘金松
胡涛
王亚飞
夏鹏
郑全军
安兵涛
张范
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Beijing Hanghua Energy Saving And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Hanghua Energy Saving And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/04Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50Control or safety arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00Combustion
    • F23G2202/10Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/101Combustion in two or more stages with controlled oxidant supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00Combustion
    • F23G2202/10Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/102Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/103Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/10Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/20Waste supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/30Oxidant supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10Liquid waste
    • F23G2209/101Waste liquor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/102Intercepting solids by filters electrostatic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an incineration process device and an incineration process method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid. The invention can realize the treatment of TNT red water and similar nitrogenous and saliferous organic waste liquid, avoids the defects of the existing incineration process system, and accords with the current environmental protection emission limit standard.

Description

Incineration process device and method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of incineration of nitrogen-containing and salt-containing organic waste liquid, and particularly relates to an incineration process device and method for treating TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid.
Background
The red water generated in the TNT refining process is deep red, opaque and alkaline, the concentration of dissolved organic matters is high, the components of the organic matters are complex, the red water mainly comprises sodium dinitrobenzene sulfonate and reduction products thereof, nitrobenzene, salts mainly comprise sodium nitrate, sodium sulfite and the like, the red water belongs to high-nitrogen salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, and the waste liquid has the characteristics of high pollution and high toxicity, and the conventional biochemical treatment method is difficult to effectively treat.
The similar burning difficulty of the nitrogenous and saliferous alkaline organic waste liquid mainly comprises two points: firstly, the fuel contains a large amount of nitro fuel nitrogen, and a large amount of NO is generated by burningxNeed to use low NOxCombustion technology and denitration measures; secondly, the high-temperature resistant refractory material contains a large amount of alkali metal sodium, and generates low-melting-point alkali metal salt in the incineration process, thereby bringing about the serious problem of molten salt corrosion, being very unfavorable for long-period stable use of the refractory material, and simultaneously having the problem of blockage of a boiler heat exchange tube bundle. The technical route of the conventional heat-insulating hearth and waste heat boiler is unreliable, and the current common process routes include the following:
the membrane type wall boiler combines the process system of the flue gas dust removal denitration desulfurization equipment, the boiler equipment adopted by the process system is large in size, a large-scale steel structure, a boiler dosing device, a boiler water pollution discharge device and an economizer soot blower need to be built, the overall investment is high, the occupied area is large, and the operation and maintenance are complex.
According to the immersed quenching process route, an incinerator of the process system is operated at positive pressure, the national standard is not met, the quenched flue gas is in a low-temperature saturated state, denitration equipment is difficult to use, and the problem that white smoke is emitted from a chimney due to tail gas emission exists.
Therefore, it is required to develop an incineration process device and method with low investment, small land occupation and convenient operation and maintenance, which are used for treating the TNT nitrogenous and saline alkaline organic waste liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem of the invention is solved: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the incineration process device and the incineration process method for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid can realize treatment of TNT red water and similar nitrogen-containing and salt-containing organic waste liquid, avoid the defects of the existing incineration process system, and meet the current environmental protection emission limit value standard.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an incineration process device for treating TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a waste liquid stirring tank, a waste liquid booster pump, a water-cooling jacket furnace, an electrostatic dust collector, an SCR denitration reactor, an alkali washing desulfurization tower, a chimney, a flue gas heat exchanger, an alkali washing circulating pump and an induced draft fan;
an outlet of the waste liquid stirring tank is connected with an inlet of a waste liquid booster pump, an outlet of the waste liquid booster pump is connected into a reduction section of a water-cooling jacket furnace through a pipeline, the water-cooling jacket furnace is connected with a flue gas inlet of an electrostatic dust collector through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the electrostatic dust collector is connected with an inlet of an SCR denitration reactor through a pipeline, an outlet of the SCR denitration reactor is connected with a hot flue gas side inlet of a flue gas heat exchanger through a pipeline, a hot flue gas side outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger is connected with a flue gas inlet of an alkali washing desulfurizing tower through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the alkali washing desulfurizing tower is connected with a cold flue gas side inlet of the flue gas heat exchanger through an alkali washing circulating pump and a pipeline, a washing liquid reaching 5% -10% mass concentration is discharged through a branch pipe of an outlet pipeline of the alkali washing circulating pump, a.
In the incineration process units who handles TNT nitrogenous salt that contains alkaline organic waste liquid above-mentioned, water-cooling jacket furnace is from down upwards divided into reduction section, oxidation section and cooling zone, includes: the device comprises a refractory furnace bottom, a slag discharge port, a refractory material layer, a flue gas outlet, a water-cooling jacket, a waste liquid injection device, an oxidizing air inlet, a cooling air inlet and a cooling desalted water injection device;
the bottom of the refractory furnace is arranged at the bottom of the water-cooling jacket furnace at a set inclination angle theta; wherein the value range of theta is 4-15 degrees;
the slag discharging port is arranged at the lowest part of the refractory furnace bottom and is used for discharging liquid molten salt;
the refractory material layer is laid on the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace and used for resisting molten salt corrosion;
the flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the water-cooling jacket furnace and is connected with the flue gas inlet of the electrostatic dust collector through a pipeline;
the water-cooling jacket is arranged on the outer side of the furnace wall at the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacket furnace; wherein, the lower part of the water-cooling jacket is provided with a jacket inlet, and the upper part is provided with a jacket outlet;
the waste liquid injection device is arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace and is connected with the outlet of the waste liquid booster pump through a pipeline;
the oxidizing air inlet is arranged at the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace;
the cooling air inlet and the cooling desalted water injection device are arranged at the cooling section of the water-cooling jacket furnace; wherein, the inlet end of the cooling desalted water spraying device is connected with the desalted water pipeline so as to spray the cooling desalted water into the cooling section of the water-cooling jacket furnace.
In the incineration process units who handles nitrogenous salty alkaline organic waste liquid of TNT above-mentioned, still include: the combustion-supporting fan, the combustion-supporting burner and the cooling fan;
the outlet pipeline of the combustion-supporting fan is divided into two parts, and combustion-supporting air in one outlet pipeline is introduced into the combustion-supporting burner as reducing air and enters the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace through the combustion-supporting burner to reach a certain retention time T1(ii) a The combustion air in the other outlet pipeline is taken as oxidizing air and is introduced into the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace from an oxidizing air inlet to reach a certain retention time T2(ii) a Wherein, T1Value range ofIs 0.3s to 0.9s, T2The value range of (A) is 1.1 s-1.9 s;
one end of the combustion-supporting burner is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting burner through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and the other end of the combustion-supporting burner is directly connected to a reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace;
and an outlet pipeline of the cooling fan is connected with a cooling air inlet of the water-cooling jacket furnace to provide cooling air for a cooling section of the water-cooling jacket furnace.
In the incineration process unit who handles TNT nitrogenous salt content alkaline organic waste liquid above-mentioned, combustion-supporting combustor includes: a combustion-supporting fuel injection device and a reducing air inlet;
the combustion-supporting fuel injection device is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting combustor through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline;
the reducing air inlet is connected with one of the outlet pipelines of the combustion fan.
In the incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogenous and salty alkaline organic waste liquid, at least two combustion burners are arranged at the bottom of the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace in a tangential circle manner, so that the mixing degree in the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace is improved, the temperature of a hearth of the water-cooling jacketed furnace is ensured to reach over 1000 ℃, organic matters in the waste liquid are fully pyrolyzed and oxidized, and slag discharge is facilitated; wherein, the combustion-supporting burner is a premixed type high-speed jet burner.
In the incineration process units who handles nitrogenous salty alkaline organic waste liquid of TNT above-mentioned, still include: the system comprises a jacket water cooler, a jacket water pump and a jacket water expansion tank;
the outlet of the jacket water cooler is connected with the jacket inlet of the water-cooling jacket furnace through a pipeline;
an inlet of the jacket water pump is connected with an outlet of the jacket water expansion tank, and an outlet of the jacket water pump is connected with an inlet of the jacket water cooler;
the inlet of the jacket water expansion tank is connected with the jacket outlet of the water-cooling jacket furnace through a pipeline.
In the incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, a water-cooling jacket is also provided with a baffle plate, desalted water in a jacket water expansion tank is conveyed to a jacket water cooler through a jacket water pump and a pipeline for cooling, an outlet of the jacket water cooler is connected with a jacket inlet of the water-cooling jacket through a pipeline, a jacket outlet of the water-cooling jacket is connected with an inlet of the jacket water expansion tank through a pipeline to form a forced closed circulation, the low temperature of the furnace wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace is kept, so that molten salt is solidified into a solid slag layer on the surface of the refractory material layer, the heat conductivity coefficient is gradually reduced along with the thickening of the solid slag layer, the salt is remelted, the remelted molten salt does not directly contact with the refractory material layer any more but is continuously corroded and updated on the solid slag surface, and the lining of the water-cooling jacket furnace is protected in a, and the blowing-out maintenance frequency is reduced.
In the incineration process units who handles nitrogenous salty alkaline organic waste liquid of TNT above-mentioned, still include: scraper conveyors and packaging machines;
the outlet of the ash bucket at the lower part of the electrostatic dust collector is connected with the inlet of the scraper conveyor through an air locking valve, and the outlet of the scraper conveyor is directly connected with the packing machine.
In the incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, the waste liquid enters the water-cooling jacketed furnace through the waste liquid stirring tank and the waste liquid booster pump, the flue gas generated after the incineration in the water-cooling jacketed furnace is discharged after being sequentially treated by the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace, the electrostatic dust collector, the SCR denitration reactor and the alkaline washing desulfurization tower, and the content of particulate matters in the discharged flue gas is reduced to 30mg/Nm3Hereinafter, NOxThe concentration is reduced to 400mg/Nm3Hereinafter, SO2The concentration is reduced to 200mg/Nm3Below, the pollutant emission limit standard of GB18484 is met.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an incineration process method for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, which comprises the following steps:
inputting the waste liquid in the waste liquid stirring tank into a water-cooling jacket furnace through a waste liquid booster pump;
adopting a reduction-oxidation staged combustion control strategy to incinerate the waste liquid in a water-cooling jacket furnace; wherein, the average value of a plurality of temperature transmitters arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace is taken as the temperature of the hearth of the water-cooling jacket furnace, a flow meter and an adjusting valve are arranged on a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and the furnace is passedThe hearth temperature is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ by a hearth temperature-fuel quantity cascade adjusting circuit, an outlet pipeline of a combustion-supporting fan is divided into two pipelines, one pipeline is used as a reducing air pipeline and connected with a combustion-supporting burner, the reducing air pipeline is provided with a flowmeter and an adjusting valve, the excess air coefficient is controlled to be α to be less than 1.0 by a fuel quantity-reducing air quantity cross amplitude limiting proportion adjusting circuit, the other pipeline is used as an oxidizing air pipeline and connected with an oxidizing section of a water-cooling jacket furnace, the oxidizing air pipeline is provided with the flowmeter and the adjusting valve, the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace is provided with an online oxygen analyzer, and the dry oxygen content in flue gas is controlled by an oxygen content-oxidizing air quantity cascade adjusting circuitxGenerating;
and the smoke generated after incineration is treated by a water-cooling jacket furnace cooling section, an electrostatic dust collector, an SCR denitration reactor and an alkali washing desulfurization tower in sequence and then discharged.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses an incineration process device and method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid, which can realize the treatment of TNT red water and similar high-nitrogen and salt-containing organic waste liquid (the content of sodium sulfate is more than 5 wt%, the content of sodium nitrite is more than 3 wt%, the content of dinitrobenzene sodium sulfonate is more than 10 wt%, and the content of COD (chemical oxygen demand) is more than 100000mg/L), the waste liquid is sent into a waste liquid water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) to be incinerated and then is completely decomposed, flue gas generated by incineration is cooled, dedusted, denitrated, desulfurized and heat exchanged, and then is discharged through a chimney, and the concentration3The concentration of nitrogen oxides is lower than 400mg/Nm3The concentration of sulfur dioxide is lower than 200mg/Nm3The emission limit value requirement of GB18484 hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard (survey draft) is met, the chimney has no white smoke phenomenon, the device runs stably, the defects of the existing incineration process system are avoided, the investment is low, the occupied area is small, and the operation and the maintenance are convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an incineration process device for treating a nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline TNT waste liquid in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooled jacketed furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the incineration process device for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline TNT organic waste liquid comprises: the system comprises a waste liquid stirring tank 1, a waste liquid booster pump 2, a water-cooling jacket furnace 5, an electrostatic dust collector 6, an SCR denitration reactor 7, an alkaline washing desulfurization tower 8, a chimney 9, a flue gas heat exchanger 15, an alkaline washing circulating pump 16 and an induced draft fan 17. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: an outlet of a waste liquid stirring tank 1 is connected with an inlet of a waste liquid booster pump 2, an outlet of the waste liquid booster pump 2 is connected into a reduction section of a water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 through a pipeline, the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is connected with a flue gas inlet of an electrostatic dust collector 6 through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the electrostatic dust collector 6 is connected with an inlet of an SCR denitration reactor 7 through a pipeline, an outlet of the SCR denitration reactor 7 is connected with a hot flue gas side inlet of a flue gas heat exchanger 15 through a pipeline, a hot flue gas side outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 15 is connected with a flue gas inlet of an alkali washing desulfurizing tower 8 through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the alkali washing desulfurizing tower 8 is connected with a cold flue gas side inlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 15 through a pipeline, a bottom alkali liquor outlet of the alkali washing desulfurizing tower 8 is connected with a top spray inlet of the alkali washing desulfurizing tower 8 through an alkali washing circulating pump 16 and a, the outlet of the induced draft fan 17 is connected with a chimney 9 through a pipeline.
Preferably, the flue gas heat exchanger 15 can be a heat pipe type heat exchanger, naphthalene is filled in the heat exchange pipe to serve as a heat exchange medium, heat transfer between high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas is realized through the evaporation and condensation effect of the naphthalene, dew point corrosion can be resisted, cold and hot fluids are not mixed, the low-temperature saturated wet flue gas from the alkaline washing desulfurization tower 8 is heated to a temperature above the dew point temperature, and the white smoke phenomenon of tail gas emission is eliminated.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the water-cooled jacketed furnace 5 is divided into a reduction section, an oxidation section and a cooling section from bottom to top, and may specifically include: a refractory furnace bottom 21, a slag discharge port 22, a refractory material layer 23, a flue gas outlet 24, a water cooling jacket 25, a waste liquid injection device 30, an oxidizing air inlet 31, a cooling air inlet 32 and a cooling desalted water injection device 33. Preferably, the refractory furnace bottom 21 is arranged at the bottom of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 at a set inclination angle theta; wherein the value range of theta is 4-15 degrees; the slag discharge port 22 is arranged at the lowest part of the refractory furnace bottom 21 and is used for discharging liquid molten salt; the refractory material layer 23 is laid on the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 and used for resisting molten salt corrosion; the flue gas outlet 24 is arranged at the top of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 and is connected with the flue gas inlet of the electrostatic dust collector 6 through a pipeline; the water-cooling jacket 25 is arranged outside the furnace wall at the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5; wherein, the lower part of the water-cooling jacket 25 is provided with a jacket inlet 26, and the upper part is provided with a jacket outlet 27; the waste liquid injection device 30 is arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 and is connected with the outlet of the waste liquid booster pump 2 through a pipeline; the oxidizing air inlet 31 is arranged at the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5; the cooling air inlet 32 and the cooling desalted water spraying device 33 are arranged at the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5; wherein, the inlet end of the cooling desalted water spraying device 33 is connected with the desalted water pipeline to spray the cooling desalted water into the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incineration process apparatus for treating a nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid from TNT may further include: a combustion fan 3, a combustion burner 4 and a cooling fan 18. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the outlet pipeline of the combustion-supporting fan 3 is divided into two parts, and combustion-supporting air in one outlet pipeline is introduced into the combustion-supporting burner 4 as reducing air and enters the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 through the combustion-supporting burner 4 to reach certain retention time T1(ii) a The combustion air in the other outlet pipeline is taken as oxidizing air and is introduced into the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 from an oxidizing air inlet 31 to reach a certain retention time T2(ii) a Wherein, T1Has a value range of 0.3s to 0.9s, T2The value range of (A) is 1.1 s-1.9 s; one end of the combustion-supporting burner 4 is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting burner 4 through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and the other end of the combustion-supporting burner is directly connected to a reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5; an outlet pipeline of the cooling fan 18 is connected with a cooling air inlet 32 of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 to provide cooling air for a cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5.
Preferably, the booster burner 4 may comprise in particular: a combustion-supporting fuel injection device 28 and a reducing air inlet 29. Wherein, the combustion-supporting fuel injection device 28 is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and the fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting burner 4 through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline; the reducing air inlet 29 is connected to one of the outlet ducts of the combustion fan 3. In the implementation, the combustion-supporting burner 4 is filled with fuel and air to generate high-temperature flame, the combustion-supporting air is respectively filled into the combustion-supporting burner 4 and the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 through two-stage air distribution, a reduction-oxidation staged combustion control scheme is adopted, the hearth temperature-fuel quantity cascade, the fuel quantity-reduction air quantity cross amplitude limiting proportion and the oxygen content-oxidation air quantity cascade control logic are integrated, the temperature of the reduction section of the hearth of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ and the dry-based oxygen content of the oxidation section, the reduction-oxidation staged combustion is realized, and the NO is inhibitedxAnd (4) generating.
Preferably, the combustion-supporting burners 4 can be arranged at the bottom of the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 in a tangent circle manner, so that the mixing degree in the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is improved, the temperature of the hearth of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is ensured to reach more than 1000 ℃, organic matters in waste liquid are fully pyrolyzed and oxidized, and slag discharge is facilitated. Wherein, the combustion-supporting burner 4 is a premixed type high-speed jet burner.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incineration process apparatus for treating a nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid from TNT may further include: a jacket water cooler 10, a jacket water pump 11 and a jacket water expansion tank 12. Wherein, the outlet of the jacket water cooler 10 is connected with the jacket inlet 26 of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 through a pipeline; an inlet of a jacket water pump 11 is connected with an outlet of a jacket water expansion tank 12, and an outlet of the jacket water pump 11 is connected with an inlet of a jacket water cooler 10; the inlet of the jacket water expansion tank 12 is connected with the jacket outlet 27 of the water-cooled jacket furnace 5 through a pipeline.
Preferably, the water-cooling jacket 25 is further provided with a baffle plate, desalted water in the jacket water expansion tank 12 is sent to the jacket water cooler 10 through the jacket water pump 11 and a pipeline for cooling, the outlet of the jacket water cooler 10 is connected with the jacket inlet 26 of the water-cooling jacket 25 through a pipeline, the jacket outlet 27 of the water-cooling jacket 25 is connected with the inlet of the jacket water expansion tank 12 through a pipeline, a forced closed circulation is formed, the low temperature of the furnace wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 is kept, so that the molten salt is solidified on the surface of the refractory material layer 23 into a solid slag layer, the heat conductivity coefficient is gradually reduced along with the thickening of the solid slag layer, the salt is remelted, the remelted molten salt is not in direct contact with the refractory material layer 23 any more, but the surface of the solid slag is continuously corroded and updated, and the furnace lining of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is protected in a slag-resistant mode through salt resistance, so that the service life of the refractory material layer 23 is prolonged, and the frequency of furnace shutdown maintenance is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incineration process apparatus for treating a nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid from TNT may further include: a scraper conveyor 13 and a packer 14. Wherein, the outlet of the ash bucket at the lower part of the electrostatic dust collector 6 is connected with the inlet of the scraper conveyor 13 through an air locking valve, and the outlet of the scraper conveyor 13 is directly connected with the packaging machine 14.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the waste liquid entering the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 through the waste liquid stirring tank 1 and the waste liquid booster pump 2, the flue gas generated after the incineration in the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is treated by the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5, the electrostatic dust collector 6, the SCR denitration reactor 7 and the alkali washing desulfurizing tower 8 in sequence and then discharged, and the content of particulate matters in the discharged flue gas is reduced to 30mg/Nm3Hereinafter, NOxThe concentration is reduced to 400mg/Nm3Hereinafter, SO2The concentration is reduced to 200mg/Nm3Below, the pollutant emission limit standard of GB18484 is met.
Further, the waste liquid is sent to a reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5, organic components are decomposed at high temperature to form high-temperature flue gas and molten salt, the flue gas is cooled by cooling air and semi-dry water cooling in the process of rising in a hearth of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 (firstly, the flue gas is cooled by the cooling air sent by the cooling fan 18, and then the flue gas is continuously cooled by the cooling effect of the cooling desalted water sprayed by the cooling desalted water spraying device 33), the molten salt forms powdery dry salt, the powdery dry salt is collected in a lower ash hopper in the electrostatic dust collector 6, and the powdery dry salt is conveyed to the packaging machine 14 through the closed scraper conveyor 13 to obtain high-purity solid sodium salt (the content of particles in the powdery dry salt flue gas is reduced to 30mg3Below).
Furthermore, the flue gas after dust removal enters an SCR denitration reactor 7 and is catalyzedThe nitrogen oxides are reduced under the action of a catalyst, the denitrated flue gas enters an alkaline washing desulfurization tower 8, alkaline washing liquid at the bottom of the tower is conveyed to the top of the tower through an alkaline washing circulating pump 16 and a pipeline for spraying, the sulfur oxides in the flue gas are neutralized and removed, and the washing liquid reaching 5-21% of mass concentration is discharged through a branch pipe of an outlet pipeline of the alkaline washing circulating pump 16 to complete NO dischargexAnd SO2Removal of (NO)xConcentration and SO2The concentration is respectively reduced to 400mg/Nm3And 200mg/Nm3Below). The desulfurized low temperature and the denitrated high-temperature flue gas exchange heat in the flue gas heat exchanger 15, so that the low-temperature saturated wet flue gas is heated to a temperature above the dew point temperature, and the phenomenon of white smoke emission from a chimney is eliminated; the draught fan 17 controls the whole device to maintain negative pressure operation through frequency conversion adjustment of rotating speed, micro negative pressure is kept in the hearth of the incinerator, smoke is pumped to the chimney 9 to be discharged, and harmful gas is prevented from leaking.
Example 2
On the basis of the above embodiment, a brief description will be given below of a process method based on the incineration process device for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline TNT organic waste liquid.
In this embodiment, the incineration process method for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing TNT alkaline organic waste liquid specifically includes the following steps:
1) and (3) inputting the waste liquid in the waste liquid stirring tank 1 into a water-cooling jacket furnace 5 through a waste liquid booster pump 2.
2) And (3) adopting a reduction-oxidation staged combustion control strategy to incinerate the waste liquid in a water-cooling jacket furnace 5.
The average value of a plurality of temperature transmitters arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5 is taken as the temperature of a hearth of the water-cooling jacketed furnace 5, a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline is provided with a flowmeter and an adjusting valve, the temperature of the hearth is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ through a hearth temperature-fuel quantity cascade adjusting loop, an outlet pipeline of a combustion-supporting fan 3 is divided into two parts, one part of the pipeline is taken as a reduction air pipeline and is connected with a combustion-supporting burner 4, the reduction air pipeline is provided with the flowmeter and the adjusting valve, the excess air coefficient α is controlled to be less than 1.0 through a fuel quantity-reduction air quantity cross amplitude limiting proportion adjusting loop, the other part of the pipeline is taken as an oxidation air pipeline and is connected withThe valve and the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacket furnace 5 are arranged on an on-line oxygen analyzer, and the dry oxygen content in the flue gas is controlled by an oxygen content-oxidation air quantity cascade regulation loop, so that the reduction-oxidation graded incineration is realized, and the NO is inhibitedxAnd (4) generating.
3) The flue gas generated after incineration is treated by a cooling section of a water-cooling jacket furnace 5, an electrostatic dust collector 6, an SCR denitration reactor 7 and an alkali washing desulfurization tower 8 in sequence and then discharged.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a handle incineration process units of TNT nitrogenous salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a waste liquid stirring tank (1), a waste liquid booster pump (2), a water-cooling jacket furnace (5), an electrostatic dust collector (6), an SCR denitration reactor (7), an alkaline washing desulfurization tower (8), a chimney (9), a flue gas heat exchanger (15), an alkaline washing circulating pump (16) and an induced draft fan (17);
an outlet of a waste liquid stirring tank (1) is connected with an inlet of a waste liquid booster pump (2), an outlet of the waste liquid booster pump (2) is connected into a reduction section of a water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) through a pipeline, the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) is connected with a flue gas inlet of an electrostatic dust collector (6) through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the electrostatic dust collector (6) is connected with an inlet of an SCR denitration reactor (7) through a pipeline, an outlet of the SCR denitration reactor (7) is connected with a hot flue gas side inlet of a flue gas heat exchanger (15) through a pipeline, a hot flue gas side outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger (15) is connected with a flue gas inlet of an alkaline washing desulfurizing tower (8) through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the alkaline washing desulfurizing tower (8) is connected with a cold flue gas side inlet of the flue gas heat exchanger (15) through an alkaline washing circulating pump (16) and a spray inlet of the alkaline washing desulfurizing tower (8) through a pipeline, and washing liquid reaching the mass concentration, the cold flue gas side outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger (15) is connected with the inlet of an induced draft fan (17) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the induced draft fan (17) is connected with a chimney (9) through a pipeline.
2. The incineration process unit for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid in TNT as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-cooled jacketed furnace (5) is divided into a reduction section, an oxidation section and a cooling section from bottom to top, and comprises: a refractory furnace bottom (21), a slag discharge port (22), a refractory material layer (23), a flue gas outlet (24), a water cooling jacket (25), a waste liquid injection device (30), an oxidizing air inlet (31), a cooling air inlet (32) and a cooling desalted water injection device (33);
the refractory furnace bottom (21) is arranged at the bottom of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) at a set inclination angle theta; wherein the value range of theta is 4-15 degrees;
the slag discharge port (22) is arranged at the lowest part of the refractory furnace bottom (21) and is used for discharging liquid molten salt;
the refractory material layer (23) is laid on the inner wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) and is used for resisting molten salt corrosion;
the flue gas outlet (24) is arranged at the top of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) and is connected with the flue gas inlet of the electrostatic dust collector (6) through a pipeline;
the water-cooling jacket (25) is arranged outside the furnace wall at the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5); wherein, the lower part of the water-cooling jacket (25) is provided with a jacket inlet (26), and the upper part is provided with a jacket outlet (27);
the waste liquid injection device (30) is arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) and is connected with the outlet of the waste liquid booster pump (2) through a pipeline;
the oxidizing air inlet (31) is arranged at the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5);
the cooling air inlet (32) and the cooling desalted water spraying device (33) are arranged at the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5); wherein the inlet end of the cooling desalted water spraying device (33) is connected with a desalted water pipeline so as to spray the cooling desalted water into the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5).
3. The incineration process device for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid of TNT according to claim 2, further comprising: a combustion-supporting fan (3), a combustion-supporting burner (4) and a cooling fan (18);
the outlet pipeline of the combustion fan (3) is divided into two parts, and combustion air in one outlet pipeline is used as reducing air to be introduced into the combustion burner (4) and enters the reduction section of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) through the combustion burner (4) to reach a certain retention time T1(ii) a The combustion air in the other outlet pipeline is taken as oxidizing air and is introduced into the oxidizing section of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) from an oxidizing air inlet (31) to reach a certain retention time T2(ii) a Wherein, T1Has a value range of 0.3s to 0.9s, T2The value range of (A) is 1.1 s-1.9 s;
one end of the combustion-supporting burner (4) is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting burner (4) through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and the other end of the combustion-supporting burner is directly connected to a reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5);
an outlet pipeline of the cooling fan (18) is connected with a cooling air inlet (32) of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) to provide cooling air for a cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5).
4. An incineration process unit for treating alkaline waste liquid containing nitrogen and salt in TNT as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the combustion-supporting burner (4) comprises: a combustion-supporting fuel injection device (28) and a reducing air inlet (29);
the combustion-supporting fuel injection device (28) is connected with a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline, and fuel gas enters the combustion-supporting combustor (4) through the combustion-supporting fuel pipeline;
the reducing air inlet (29) is connected with one of the outlet pipelines of the combustion fan (3).
5. The incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least two combustion-supporting burners (4) are arranged at the bottom of the reduction section of the water-cooled jacketed furnace (5) in a tangential circle to improve the mixing degree in the reduction section of the water-cooled jacketed furnace (5) and ensure that the temperature of the hearth of the water-cooled jacketed furnace (5) reaches over 1000 ℃, so that organic matters in the waste liquid are fully pyrolyzed and oxidized, and slag discharge is facilitated; wherein, the combustion-supporting burner (4) is a premixing type high-speed jet burner.
6. The incineration process device for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid of TNT according to claim 2, further comprising: a jacket water cooler (10), a jacket water pump (11) and a jacket water expansion tank (12);
the outlet of the jacket water cooler (10) is connected with the jacket inlet (26) of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) through a pipeline;
an inlet of the jacket water pump (11) is connected with an outlet of the jacket water expansion tank (12), and an outlet of the jacket water pump (11) is connected with an inlet of the jacket water cooler (10);
the inlet of the jacket water expansion tank (12) is connected with the jacket outlet (27) of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) through a pipeline.
7. The incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid as claimed in claim 6, wherein a baffle plate is further arranged in the water-cooling jacket (25), the desalted water in the jacket water expansion tank (12) is sent to the jacket water cooler (10) through the jacket water pump (11) and a pipeline for cooling, the outlet of the jacket water cooler (10) is connected with the jacket inlet (26) of the water-cooling jacket (25) through a pipeline, the jacket outlet (27) of the water-cooling jacket (25) is connected with the inlet of the jacket water expansion tank (12) through a pipeline to form a forced closed cycle, the low temperature of the furnace wall of the water-cooling jacket furnace (5) is maintained, so that the molten salt is solidified into a solid slag layer on the surface of the refractory material layer (23), the heat conductivity coefficient is gradually reduced along with the thickening of the solid slag layer, the salt is remelted, and the remelted salt is not directly contacted, but the surface of the solid slag is continuously corroded and updated, and the furnace lining of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) is protected in a slag-resistant mode through salt-resistant and slag-resistant modes, so that the service life of the refractory material layer (23) is prolonged, and the frequency of furnace shutdown and maintenance is reduced.
8. The incineration process device for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline TNT waste liquid according to claim 1, further comprising: a scraper conveyor (13) and a packaging machine (14);
an outlet of an ash bucket at the lower part of the electrostatic dust collector (6) is connected with an inlet of a scraper conveyor (13) through an air locking valve, and an outlet of the scraper conveyor (13) is directly connected with a packing machine (14).
9. The incineration process device for treating the TNT nitrogen-containing and salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid as claimed in claim 2, wherein the waste liquid entering the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) through the waste liquid stirring tank (1) and the waste liquid booster pump (2) is treated by the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) to generate flue gas, the flue gas is treated by the cooling section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5), the electrostatic dust collector (6), the SCR denitration reactor (7) and the alkaline washing desulfurization tower (8) in sequence and then discharged, and the content of particulate matters in the discharged flue gas is reduced to 30mg/Nm3Hereinafter, NOxThe concentration is reduced to 400mg/Nm3Hereinafter, SO2The concentration is reduced to 200mg/Nm3Below, the pollutant emission limit standard of GB18484 is met.
10. An incineration process method for treating TNT nitrogenous and saline alkaline organic waste liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inputting the waste liquid in the waste liquid stirring tank (1) into a water-cooling jacket furnace (5) through a waste liquid booster pump (2);
the waste liquid is incinerated in a water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) by adopting a reduction-oxidation staged combustion control strategy, wherein the average value of a plurality of temperature transmitters arranged at the reduction section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) is taken as the temperature of a hearth of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5), a combustion-supporting fuel pipeline is provided with a flowmeter and an adjusting valve, the temperature of the hearth is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ through a hearth temperature-fuel quantity staged adjusting loop, an outlet pipeline of a combustion-supporting fan (3) is divided into two pipelines, one pipeline is taken as a reduction air pipeline and connected with a combustion-supporting burner (4), the reduction air pipeline is provided with the flowmeter and the adjusting valve, the excess air coefficient α is controlled to be less than 1.0 through the fuel quantity-reduction air quantity crossed amplitude limiting proportional adjusting loop, the other pipeline is taken as an oxidation air pipeline and connected with the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5), the oxidation air pipeline is provided with the flowmeter and the adjusting valve, the oxidation section of the water-cooling jacketed furnace (5) is provided with an online oxygen analyzerxGenerating;
the flue gas generated after incineration is treated by a water-cooling jacket furnace (5) cooling section, an electrostatic dust collector (6), an SCR denitration reactor (7) and an alkali washing desulfurization tower (8) in sequence and then discharged.
CN202010171446.6A 2020-03-12 2020-03-12 Incineration process device and method for treating TNT (trinitrotoluene) nitrogen-containing salt-containing alkaline organic waste liquid Pending CN111256155A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109708126A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 衢州巨化锦纶有限责任公司 Salty organic waste liquid processing unit and its method in a kind of caprolactam production process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109708126A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 衢州巨化锦纶有限责任公司 Salty organic waste liquid processing unit and its method in a kind of caprolactam production process

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