CN109458622B - Environment-friendly energy-saving discharge system for incineration of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas - Google Patents
Environment-friendly energy-saving discharge system for incineration of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN109458622B CN109458622B CN201811350958.8A CN201811350958A CN109458622B CN 109458622 B CN109458622 B CN 109458622B CN 201811350958 A CN201811350958 A CN 201811350958A CN 109458622 B CN109458622 B CN 109458622B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000008360 acrylonitriles Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009279 wet oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005008 domestic process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
- F23G2209/101—Waste liquor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly and energy-saving discharge system for incineration of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas, which meets the environment-friendly and energy-saving requirements of harmless and reduction of waste liquid and waste gas treatment through the processes of high-temperature incineration, waste heat recovery, high-temperature and low-temperature denitration, bag-type dust removal and the like. The system mainly comprises an adiabatic incinerator, a membrane wall waste heat boiler, an air preheater, an economizer, an SNCR and SCR denitration device, a bag-type dust remover, a chimney and the like. The waste acrylonitrile liquid and waste gas contain various toxic organic matters such as acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, hydrocyanic acid and the like, and are completely oxidized and decomposed at high temperature to generate CO 2 、NO x 、N 2 After heat is recovered by a waste heat boiler and the SCR device is subjected to low-temperature catalytic denitration, the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered by an air preheater and is subjected to dust removal operation, so that the flue gas reaches national standards and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney. The invention has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process and safe and stable system operation, and can be widely applied to industries such as chemical industry, papermaking, automobile tire manufacturing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for burning, protecting environment and discharging high-salt organic waste liquid and waste gas generated in the process of producing acrylonitrile, belonging to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection. In particular to an environment-friendly energy-saving discharge system for the incineration of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas.
Background
Acrylonitrile is an important chemical raw material and is an important monomer for synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber and synthetic resin. In the present stage, most of acrylonitrile is produced by adopting an ammoxidation method of propylene, an aqueous solution is required to be formed in the preparation process, acetonitrile is separated from the aqueous solution through an extraction tower, hydrocyanic acid is removed in a hydrocyanic acid dehydrogenation tower, and then the acrylonitrile product is obtained through dehydration and rectification. But a large amount of waste liquid containing a small amount of acrylonitrile, acetonitrile and hydrocyanic acid is generated in the preparation process. Acrylonitrile and acetonitrile have certain toxicity, while hydrocyanic acid has extremely high toxicity, so that the direct discharge of the waste liquid can cause environmental pollution, destroy ecological balance and directly damage human health. Therefore, a reasonable and efficient treatment method of the acrylonitrile waste liquid is found, and the method has important significance in promoting the environmental protection and the sustainable development of the petrochemical industry.
At present, the domestic method for treating the waste liquid mainly comprises a biochemical method, an oxidation method and the like. Although the biochemical method has small investment, the COD concentration of the acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid is generally very high, and the treated waste gas hardly reaches the standard, so that the biochemical method is difficult to implement. The oxidation method is also classified into an anaerobic oxygen-enriched oxidation method and a wet oxidation method. The wet oxidation method is a low-temperature high-pressure oxygenation oxidation method, generally, the temperature is 300 ℃ or so, oxygenation is carried out under the pressure of 10-20.0MPa, and the catalyst is used for carrying out catalytic oxidation on the acrylonitrile waste liquid, so that the investment is large, the operation cost is very high, and certain potential safety hazard exists. For example, patent CN103641277a proposes a "treatment method of acrylonitrile waste liquid", which is an anaerobic oxygen-enriched oxidation method in the above oxidation method, and the invention adopts the following process flow: short-cut nitrification and denitrification, anoxic, precipitation, catalytic oxidation, aeration and biological filter, and a plurality of steps are used for achieving the purpose of treating the acrylonitrile waste liquid. The invention has the advantages that: the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen is higher, and the water discharged after treatment can reach the first-level discharge standard of GB 8978-1996. The defects are that the treatment procedures are relatively more, and a large amount of carbon sources are needed to be added into the anoxic tank so as to provide enough carbon nitrogen ratio required by denitrification, the raw material cost is relatively high, the reaction period is long, the reaction efficiency is low, the whole reaction process is complex, and the system operation cost is relatively high.
There are also many manufacturers in China to treat the high-salt organic waste liquid generated in the acrylonitrile process by adopting an incineration method, but the operation is very unsuccessful, the phenomenon of sodium salt wall hanging of the incinerator hearth is very serious, the sodium salt accumulation and blockage at the bottom of the incinerator causes three days of burning to stop for one week for cleaning, the ash accumulation and blockage of the waste heat boiler are very serious, the exhaust gas temperature is high, the later-stage device is knocked down, the ash accumulation of the boiler is very difficult to clean, the ash accumulation of the waste heat boiler has to be cleaned by adopting high-pressure water, and most waste liquid treatment systems are very unstable and unreliable to operate and are difficult to maintain. In addition, because the organic matters in the acrylonitrile waste gas and the waste liquid contain CN - Substances, which belong to fuel type organic nitrogen, are easy to convert and generate NO in the high-temperature combustion process X If the pollutant is not thoroughly treated, the pollutant does not meet or hardly meets the national environmental protection standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the environment-friendly and energy-saving discharge system for the incineration of the acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and the waste gas is provided, which has the advantages of high hazardous waste incineration rate, high waste heat recovery efficiency, simple process and convenient maintenance.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical scheme is provided: an environment-friendly energy-saving emission system for the incineration of organic waste liquid and waste gas containing salt of acrylonitrile comprises a waste liquid and waste gas pretreatment system, a waste liquid and waste gas feeding system, a waste liquid and waste gas incineration system, a high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery system and a flue gas purification standard-reaching emission environment-friendly treatment system equally dividing system;
the waste liquid and waste gas pretreatment system comprises a waste liquid buffer tank and auxiliary equipment thereof, a waste gas buffer tank and auxiliary equipment thereof; the waste liquid and waste gas feeding system comprises a waste liquid booster pump, an atomization spray gun, a waste gas booster fan and a waste gas burner; the waste liquid incineration system comprises an adiabatic incinerator and auxiliary equipment thereof; the high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery system mainly comprises a film wall waste heat boiler, an air preheater, an economizer and auxiliary equipment thereof; the environment-friendly treatment system for the up-to-standard emission of the flue gas purification mainly comprises main equipment such as a high-temperature SNCR denitration device, a low-temperature SCR denitration device, a cloth bag dust remover, a chimney and the like which are arranged in a cooling chamber of a film wall waste heat boiler.
The method comprises the steps that the acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid is pressurized by a waste liquid booster pump and then is sent to a waste liquid atomizing spray gun at the top of an adiabatic incinerator, then is sprayed into the adiabatic incinerator, the adiabatic incinerator is lined with refractory materials and heat insulation materials, organic components in the waste liquid are guaranteed to be fully oxidized and decomposed under the high-temperature condition, salts in the waste liquid are heated to be molten at the high temperature, the salts flow out in a liquid state from the lower part of the adiabatic incinerator, and the salts enter a double-shaft cooler arranged at the bottom of the adiabatic incinerator to be cooled, fall into a scraper slag remover to be continuously cooled and then are sent to a workshop to be treated; the acrylonitrile organic waste gas is pressurized by a booster fan and then is sent to a gas burner interface arranged at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator, and the acrylonitrile organic waste gas is combusted in the hearth in a manner of four corner circles at the center cross section of the hearth according to the flow direction of flue gas by the gas burner.
The high-temperature flue gas after incineration enters a film wall waste heat boiler to fully contact with boiler water for heat exchange to generate saturated steam which rises to a steam drum above the boiler,the membrane wall waste heat boiler and the steam drum form a natural circulation loop; the steam drum is connected with the branch cylinder, and the supplemented softened water sequentially passes through the thermal deaerator, the boiler feed pump and the economizer and then enters the steam drum. The flue gas after full heat exchange enters an air preheater arranged at the rear of the waste heat boiler, the blower sends combustion air into the air preheater, and after heat exchange with the flue gas, the combustion air and auxiliary fuel are sprayed into a gas burner at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator for combustion. The low-temperature SCR denitration device is arranged behind the air preheater, a plurality of groups of ammonia nozzles are arranged in a flue in front of the low-temperature SCR denitration device for ensuring the denitration effect, the lower parts of the ammonia nozzles are connected with an ammonia water storage tank, an ammonia spraying grid is arranged on the flue after the ammonia spraying point, flue gas which is uniformly mixed with ammonia enters the low-temperature SCR denitration device, and NO removal is completed under the action of a low-temperature denitration catalyst x Is a reaction of (a). The flue gas is discharged from the low-temperature SCR denitration device and sequentially passes through five groups of convection tube bundles in the economizer, and all the five groups of tube bundles are light pipe convection tube bundles. The flue gas discharged from the economizer sequentially passes through the bag-type dust collector and the induced draft fan, and finally passes through a chimney and is discharged into the atmosphere.
Further improved, the furnace wall of the heat-insulating incinerator is formed by pouring high-temperature-resistant acid-alkali-corrosion-resistant high-alumina refractory castable, a waste liquid spray gun is arranged at the top of the heat-insulating incinerator, and the waste liquid spray gun is sprayed into a hearth through compressed air atomization. Two layers of gas burners are arranged at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator from the top to the bottom by about two meters respectively along the height direction of the hearth, and each layer of gas burner is arranged in the hearth in a manner of tangential circles of four corners according to the section of the hearth; the acrylonitrile waste liquid and the auxiliary fuel natural gas are combusted by a gas burner.
Further improved, the waste heat boiler is provided with three stages of cooling chambers along the flue gas running flow, the convection tube bundles are not arranged in the front two stages of cooling chambers, SNCR denitration urea or 20% concentration ammonia water nozzles are arranged in the middle of the first stage of cooling chambers, and the hanging screen convection tube bundles are arranged in the third stage of cooling chambers; and a steam soot blower is arranged at the position of the cooling chamber, and the heating surface of the cooling chamber is blown regularly to prevent molten salt from adhering to the furnace wall and affecting the heat transfer efficiency. Because the temperature is very high when high temperature flue gas gets into first stage cooling chamber, and the salt that the flue gas carried exists with the molten state, so set up molten salt pond in first stage cooling chamber lower part to set up the afterburning combustor in the molten salt pond, make the temperature in the molten salt pond be higher than the melting point of salt more than 100 ℃ in the waste liquid all the time, thereby guarantee that molten salt can be fine flow from molten salt pond bottom, get into the biax cooler cooling, then fall into scraper blade slag remover and continue cooling and send into the workshop.
Further improved, the split cylinder is provided with two steam outlet pipelines, one of which is connected with the thermal deaerator, and the other of which is connected with external steam equipment.
Further improved, the blower sends the combustion air into the air preheater, exchanges heat with the flue gas, and then sprays the heat-exchanged flue gas and the auxiliary fuel into the gas burner at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator for combustion.
The main technical measures adopted by the system include:
(1) The method comprises the steps of atomizing and spraying the organic waste liquid containing the salt of the acrylonitrile into a furnace from the top of a hearth by adopting compressed air, and burning the organic waste gas containing the salt of the acrylonitrile and the auxiliary fuel natural gas in a suspension burning mode of arranging a burner close to the side wall of the top of the hearth, namely 'top spraying side burning'. Meanwhile, in order to improve combustion efficiency, increase the travel and residence time of the flue gas in the hearth and increase the disturbance of the flue gas in the furnace, the gas burner combusts in the hearth in a manner of tangential circles at four corners at the center cross section of the hearth according to the flow direction of the flue gas. The suspension incineration mode of 'top spraying side burning' ensures that organic components in the organic waste liquid and organic waste gas containing salt are thoroughly incinerated, and meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas is disturbed in a furnace in a form of tangential circles at four corners, and inorganic salt in a molten state can be agglomerated and falls into a molten salt pool at the furnace bottom by virtue of gravity, so that the inorganic salt of powder is reduced from being brought into a rear device. (2) A film wall waste heat boiler is arranged behind the adiabatic incinerator, and most of heat in the recovered flue gas is used for generating steam for plant area self-use or is integrated into a steam pipe network; the waste heat boiler adopts a membrane wall waste heat boiler mode, and the flue gas and the membrane wall pipe form longitudinal scouring to avoid blocking the boiler. (3) A tubular air preheater is arranged behind the waste heat boiler, and combustion air is sent to the tubular air preheater by a blowerThe air is in the pipe, the flue gas is outside the pipe, and the flue gas and the pipe are transversely flushed, so that the heat exchange coefficient is effectively increased. The temperature of the air after absorbing the heat of the flue gas is increased, and the air is mixed with the auxiliary fuel in the burner and then is sprayed into the adiabatic incinerator for combustion, so that the consumption of the auxiliary fuel can be greatly reduced. (4) Most of nitrogen elements in acrylonitrile, acetonitrile and hydrocyanic acid are oxidized into NO at high temperature in an adiabatic incinerator X Therefore, the system not only is provided with the SNCR denitration device for spraying urea or 20% ammonia water for high-temperature denitration at the middle part of the first cooling chamber of the waste heat boiler, but also is provided with the low-temperature SCR denitration device for fully removing NO in the flue gas before the flue gas enters the bag-type dust collector X The concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas is ensured to meet the national standard discharge requirement. (5) Considering that the temperature is very high when high-temperature flue gas enters the first-stage cooling chamber, the salt carried in the flue gas exists in a molten state, so that a molten salt pond is arranged at the lower part of the first cooling chamber, and an afterburning burner is arranged in the molten salt pond, so that the temperature in the molten salt pond is always higher than the melting point of the salt in waste liquid by more than 100 ℃, the molten salt can be guaranteed to flow into the double-shaft cooler from the bottom of the molten salt pond well for cooling, and then the molten salt falls into a water-cooled scraper slag remover to be continuously cooled together with the salt falling into the bottom of the incinerator by adopting the same measure and is sent into a workshop.
The invention can completely oxidize and decompose the salt-containing organic waste liquid and toxic organic matters in waste gas generated in the industrial production of acrylonitrile by high-temperature incineration, and carry out innocent treatment on decomposition products, and can recover heat energy to generate steam or hot water while treating the waste liquid and the waste gas, thereby saving energy, avoiding secondary pollution and achieving the environmental protection purpose of reducing waste emission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a body apparatus profile of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas incineration disposal system;
FIG. 3 is a general flow chart of the present salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas incineration and discharge system;
as shown in the figure: 1. an adiabatic incinerator; 2. a membrane wall waste heat boiler; 3. an air preheater; 4. a low-temperature SCR denitration device; 5. an economizer; 6. a bag-type dust collector; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; 9. a waste liquid booster pump; 10. a waste liquid spray gun; 11. a gas burner; 12. a steam drum; 13. a split cylinder; 14. a blower; 15. a boiler feed water pump; 16. a thermal deaerator; 17. an ammonia spraying grid; 18. a low temperature denitration catalyst; 19. a salt melting tank; 20. a biaxial cooler; 21. a water-cooled scraper slag remover; 22. an afterburner; 23. high temperature SNCR denitrification facility.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The system comprises a waste liquid and waste gas pretreatment system, a waste liquid and waste gas feeding system, a waste liquid and waste gas incineration system, a high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery system and a flue gas purification standard emission environment-friendly treatment system, wherein the waste liquid and waste gas incineration environment-friendly energy-saving emission system is shown in figures 1-3; the waste liquid incineration system mainly comprises equipment such as an adiabatic incinerator 1, a membrane wall waste heat boiler 2, an air preheater 3, an SCR denitration device 4, an economizer 5, a bag-type dust collector 6, a draught fan 7, a chimney 8 and the like, wherein the acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid is pressurized by a waste liquid booster pump 9 and then is sent to a waste liquid atomizing spray gun 10 at the top of the adiabatic incinerator 1, and then is sprayed into the adiabatic incinerator 1, the adiabatic incinerator 1 is lined with refractory materials and heat insulation materials, so that the organic matters in the waste liquid are completely oxidized and decomposed at high temperature, the salts in the waste liquid are heated at high temperature to be changed into a molten state, and flow out from the lower part of the adiabatic incinerator 1 in a liquid state, enter a double-shaft cooler 20 arranged at the bottom of the adiabatic incinerator 1 for cooling, fall into a scraper slag remover 21 for continuous cooling after cooling and are sent into a workshop for treatment; the acrylonitrile organic waste gas is pressurized by a booster fan CO2 and then is sent to the interface of a gas burner 11 arranged at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator 1, and is processed by the gas burner 11 according to the following wayThe flue gas flows to the center cross section of the hearth to burn in the hearth in a form of four corners tangential circles; the burnt high-temperature flue gas enters a membrane wall waste heat boiler 2, heat exchange is carried out between the high-temperature flue gas and boiler water, and saturated steam is generated and enters a steam drum 12 above the boiler; three-stage cooling chambers are arranged in the film wall waste heat boiler 2, wherein SNCR denitration urea or 20% concentration ammonia water nozzles are arranged in the middle of the first-stage cooling chamber of the film wall waste heat boiler 2, and high Wen Tuoxiao is carried out on high-temperature flue gas; the membrane wall waste heat boiler 2 and the steam drum 12 form a natural circulation loop, the steam drum 12 is connected with a gas dividing cylinder 13, and softened water added into the system sequentially passes through a thermal deaerator 16, a boiler water feeding pump 15 and a coal economizer 5 and then enters the steam drum 12; the steam separation cylinder 13 is provided with two steam outlet pipelines, one of which is connected with the thermal deaerator 16, and the other of which is connected with external steam utilization equipment; the flue gas after heat exchange enters the air preheater 3, the blower 14 sends combustion air into the air preheater 3, and after heat exchange with the flue gas, the combustion air and auxiliary fuel are sprayed into the burner 11 at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator 1 for combustion; the low-temperature SCR denitration device 4 is arranged behind the air preheater 3, an ammonia gas nozzle is arranged in a flue in front of the low-temperature SCR denitration device 4, an ammonia water storage tank is connected to the lower part of an ammonia spraying point, an ammonia spraying grid 17 is arranged behind the ammonia spraying point, so that flue gas and ammonia gas are uniformly mixed, then the flue gas enters the low-temperature SCR denitration device 4, and NO removal is completed under the action of a low-temperature denitration catalyst 18 X Is carried out by a reaction; the flue gas is discharged from the low-temperature SCR denitration device 4 and enters the economizer 5, the flue gas is discharged from the economizer 5 and enters the bag-type dust collector 6, and the flue gas discharged from the bag-type dust collector 6 is finally introduced into the chimney 8 by the induced draft fan 7 and then discharged into the atmosphere.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intermediaries, or in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the meaning of the terms described above in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the specific circumstances.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an acrylonitrile salt organic waste liquid and waste gas burns environmental protection and energy saving emission system, by waste liquid and waste gas pretreatment systems, waste liquid and waste gas feed system, waste liquid and waste gas burns the system, high temperature flue gas waste heat recovery system and flue gas purification emission environmental protection treatment system up to standard constitutes, including adiabatic burning furnace (1), diaphragm wall exhaust-heat boiler (2), air heater (3), low temperature SCR denitrification facility (4), economizer (5), sack cleaner (6), draught fan (7), chimney (8), its characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid is pressurized by a waste liquid booster pump (9) and then is sent to a waste liquid atomizing spray gun (10) at the top of an adiabatic incinerator (1) and then is sprayed into the adiabatic incinerator (1), the adiabatic incinerator (1) is lined with refractory materials and heat-insulating materials, so that the organic matters in the waste liquid are completely oxidized and decomposed in a high-temperature environment, the salts in the waste liquid are heated to be molten at a high temperature, and the salts flow out from the lower part of the adiabatic incinerator (1) in a liquid state and enter a double-shaft cooler (20) arranged at the bottom of the adiabatic incinerator (1) for cooling; a film wall waste heat boiler (2) is arranged behind the heat-insulating incinerator (1), high-temperature flue gas in the film wall waste heat boiler (2) exchanges heat with boiler water, and generated saturated steam enters a steam drum (12) above the boiler; the flue gas after heat exchange enters an air preheater (3) arranged behind a film wall waste heat boiler (2); the low-temperature SCR denitration device (4) is arranged behind the air preheater (3), an ammonia gas nozzle is arranged in a flue in front of the low-temperature SCR denitration device (4), the lower part of an ammonia injection point is connected with an ammonia water storage tank, an ammonia injection grid (17) is arranged on the flue behind the ammonia injection point, flue gas which is uniformly mixed with ammonia gas enters the low-temperature SCR denitration device (4), and a low-temperature denitration catalyst (18) is arranged in the low-temperature SCR denitration device (4); the flue gas is discharged from the low-temperature SCR denitration device (4) and sequentially passes through five groups of convection tube bundles in the economizer (5), the flue gas discharged from the economizer (5) enters the bag-type dust collector (6), and finally the induced draft fan (7) introduces the flue gas discharged from the bag-type dust collector (6) into the chimney (8) and discharges the flue gas into the atmosphere;
the furnace wall of the heat-insulating incinerator (1) is formed by pouring high-temperature-resistant high-alumina acid-alkali corrosion-resistant refractory castable; the top of the heat-insulating incinerator (1) is provided with a waste liquid atomizing spray gun (10), two layers of gas burners (11) are arranged at the upper part of the heat-insulating incinerator (1) from the top to two meters at each time along the height direction of the hearth, the flue gas flows to the gas burners (11) of each layer in the form of tangential circles at four corners in the hearth according to the section of the hearth, and acrylonitrile waste gas and auxiliary fuel natural gas are combusted in the gas burners (11);
the film wall waste heat boiler (2) is sequentially provided with three stages of cooling chambers along the flue gas flow, the larger radiation heating surfaces of the first stage cooling chamber and the second stage cooling chamber can convert the molten salts in the flue gas into solid salts in consideration of the bonding characteristics of the salts after the salt-containing waste liquid is burnt, the cleaning is convenient, and the hanging screen convection tube bundles are only arranged in the third stage cooling chamber to further cool the flue gas; the SNCR denitration urea or a 20% concentration ammonia water nozzle is arranged in the middle of a first-stage cooling chamber of the film wall waste heat boiler (2), and high Wen Tuoxiao is carried out on high-temperature flue gas; and a steam soot blower is arranged at the position of the cooling chamber, and the heating surface of the film wall waste heat boiler (2) is blown regularly.
2. The system for incinerating, environmental-friendly and energy-saving discharge of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lower part of the first-stage cooling chamber is provided with a molten salt pool (19), and an afterburning burner (22) is arranged in the molten salt pool (19), so that the temperature in the molten salt pool (19) is always higher than the melting point of salts in waste liquid by more than 100 ℃, the molten salt is ensured to smoothly flow into a double-shaft cooler (20) from the bottom of the molten salt pool (19) for cooling, and then falls into a scraper slag remover (21) for continuous cooling and is fed into a workshop.
3. The system for incinerating, environmental-friendly and energy-saving discharge of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the membrane wall waste heat boiler (2) and the steam drum (12) form a natural circulation loop, the steam drum (12) is connected with the steam dividing cylinder (13), and the added softened water sequentially passes through the thermal deaerator (16), the boiler water feeding pump (15) and the economizer (5) and then enters the steam drum (12).
4. The system for incinerating, environmental-friendly and energy-saving discharge of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas according to claim 3, wherein the system is characterized in that: two steam outlet pipelines are arranged on the steam dividing cylinder (13), one of the steam outlet pipelines is connected with the thermal deaerator (16), and the other steam outlet pipeline is connected with external steam equipment.
5. The system for incinerating, environmental-friendly and energy-saving discharge of acrylonitrile salt-containing organic waste liquid and waste gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the blower (14) sends the combustion air into the air preheater (3), exchanges heat with the flue gas, and then sprays the combustion air into the gas burner (11) at the upper part of the adiabatic incinerator (1) together with the auxiliary fuel for combustion.
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