CN111255102A - Aerogel particle composite heat insulation system - Google Patents
Aerogel particle composite heat insulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111255102A CN111255102A CN202010201020.0A CN202010201020A CN111255102A CN 111255102 A CN111255102 A CN 111255102A CN 202010201020 A CN202010201020 A CN 202010201020A CN 111255102 A CN111255102 A CN 111255102A
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- aerogel
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGMCXQCYOVCMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K dihydroxy(stearato)aluminium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Al](O)O UGMCXQCYOVCMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHGADZKHWXCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;potassium Chemical compound C.[K] BHGADZKHWXCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0071—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of a rise in pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00637—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials
- C04B2111/00646—Masonry mortars
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerogel particle composite heat insulation system, which is sequentially provided with a bonding layer, an aerogel particle composite heat insulation board, a plastering layer and a finishing layer from a base layer wall body to the outside, wherein the aerogel particle composite heat insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of foamed glass particles, 5-10 parts of aerogel particles, 0.5-1 part of carbon fibers, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fibers, 30-50 parts of ordinary portland cement, 2-5 parts of rubber powder, 0.5-3 parts of a water repellent and 10-20 parts of water. The aerogel particle composite heat insulation system provided by the invention has the advantages of good heat insulation performance, light weight, water resistance and the like, and meets the A-level fireproof standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat insulation systems, in particular to an aerogel particle composite heat insulation system.
Background
The building energy consumption of developed countries in foreign countries accounts for 30-40% of the total social energy consumption. Building energy conservation is the most potential and direct effective mode in various energy-saving ways. In building energy consumption, the energy consumption caused by the outer wall accounts for about 60 percent of the total energy consumption of the building, so that the heat preservation of the wall body is the key for realizing the energy conservation of the building.
The external thermal insulation system of the external wall is composed of a thermal insulation layer, a protective layer and fixing materials (adhesive, anchoring parts and the like) and is a general name of a non-bearing thermal insulation structure which is suitable for being installed on the external surface of the external wall. The heat-insulating layer is the main functional part of the external wall heat-insulating system. The existing organic and inorganic heat insulation materials have good heat resistance and flame retardant effect, but have large volume and poor heat insulation effect. The traditional heat-insulating materials such as rock wool, glass wool, expanded perlite and the like are easily available in raw materials and low in price, are still the main heat-insulating materials for buildings at present and occupy the main market. However, the heat insulation performance of the materials is general (the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.065-0.090W/m.K), the design requirements can be met only by a very thick heat insulation layer in a hot or cold region, the possibility of falling is increased by the thick heat insulation layer, and potential safety hazards exist.
Aerogel materials are among the best insulating solid materials in the world and have the highest fire retardant rating but aerogels have very low ultimate tensile strength, are brittle and fragile and are protected from direct mechanical impact. Because of the defects of the structure, the current aerogel product is difficult to be directly applied as a commodity and needs to be compounded with other materials for use.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an aerogel particle composite thermal insulation system which has the advantages of good thermal insulation performance, light weight, water resistance and the like and meets the A-level fireproof standard.
The invention provides an aerogel particle composite heat insulation system which is characterized in that a bonding layer, an aerogel particle composite heat insulation board, a plastering layer and a finishing layer are sequentially arranged from a base layer wall to the outside, and the aerogel particle composite heat insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of foamed glass particles, 5-10 parts of aerogel particles, 0.5-1 part of carbon fibers, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fibers, 30-50 parts of ordinary portland cement, 2-5 parts of rubber powder, 0.5-3 parts of a water repellent and 10-20 parts of water.
Preferably, the particle size of the foamed glass particles is 1 to 2 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the aerogel particles is 0.01-4mm, and more preferably, the particle size of the aerogel particles is 0.5-1 mm.
Preferably, the carbon fibers have a length of 1 to 3 mm.
Preferably, the polypropylene fibers have a length of 10-12 mm.
Preferably, the rubber powder is redispersible latex powder.
Preferably, the water repellent is one of sodium methyl silicate, potassium methyl silicate, aluminum monostearate and organosilicon water repellent.
Preferably, at least one end of the aerogel particle composite insulation board is provided with an L groove, the corresponding L grooves of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards are correspondingly connected to form a gap, and the width of the gap is 0.5-0.8 mm.
Preferably, the groove depth of the L-shaped groove is 6-8 mm.
Preferably, a round groove is formed in one plate surface of the aerogel particle composite insulation board, and the depth of the round groove is 3-6 mm.
Preferably, the raw materials of the bonding layer comprise, by weight: 30-35 parts of ordinary portland cement, 10-15 parts of 100-sand 150-mesh sand, 5-10 parts of aerogel particles, 5-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate and 1-3 parts of redispersible latex powder.
Preferably, the finishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 280-300 parts of 60-100 mesh quartz sand, 20-30 parts of aerogel particles, 50-80 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 23-28 parts of redispersible latex powder, 2-5 parts of a water repellent and 1-3 parts of polypropylene fibers.
Preferably, the preparation method of the aerogel particles in the aerogel particle composite insulation board, the bonding layer and the plastering layer comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cellulose fibers into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% -15%, soaking for 60-90 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 8% -13% to 1-3 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber obtained in the S1 and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 50-70 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 6-8 by using ammonia water, and standing for 24-30 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the block gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 1-2 hours, carrying out suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification at the modification temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and carrying out supercritical drying by carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles.
Preferably, in the aerogel particle manufacturing method S1, the length of the cellulose fiber is 4 to 10 mm.
Preferably, in the aerogel particle preparation method S2, the modified cellulose fiber is added in an amount of 0.5% to 1% by weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution.
Preferably, in the aerogel particle preparation method S2, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1% to 3% by weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution.
Preferably, in the aerogel particle preparation method S3, in the mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane, the weight ratio of tetraethoxysilane to trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1-1.3.
Preferably, in the preparation method S3 of aerogel particles, the reaction temperature of carbon dioxide supercritical drying is 40-55 ℃, the pressure is controlled at 15-20MPa, and the drying time is 10-15 hours.
Preferably, the preparation method of the aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 30-35 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, opening the pressing plate equipment for pressing and forming after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 4-5 hours at 78-82 ℃, ventilating for 2-2.5 hours, and packaging.
Preferably, the pressure of the compression molding in the step three is 0.5-1.0MPa, and the compression time is 5-7 seconds.
The aerogel particle composite heat insulation system provided by the invention consists of the bonding layer, the aerogel particle composite heat insulation board, the plastering layer and the veneer layer, and has the advantages of good heat insulation performance, light weight, water resistance and the like, wherein the adopted aerogel particle composite heat insulation board has the advantages of light weight, water resistance, fire resistance, good heat insulation performance and the like, the heat conductivity coefficient can reach 0.037W/(m.k), and the aerogel particle composite heat insulation board belongs to an A-grade fireproof material. According to the invention, aerogel particles are also added into the bonding layer and the plastering layer, so that the weight of the bonding layer and the plastering layer is reduced, and the heat insulation performance of the external wall heat insulation system is enhanced.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board provided by the invention takes aerogel particles as main materials, the aerogel particles are light in weight and low in heat conduction, and are excellent insulation materials, the invention preferably provides a preparation method of the aerogel particles, and the modified cellulose fibers are added in the preparation process of the aerogel particles, so that the strength and the folding resistance of the aerogel materials are improved, and the aerogel materials are prevented from being damaged in the drying or using process; the modification of the ethyl orthosilicate and the trimethylchlorosilane increases the hydrophobicity of the aerogel material, improves the thermal stability, and can bear the high temperature of more than 1000 ℃. The foamed glass has the properties of light volume weight, small heat conductivity coefficient, moisture resistance, fire resistance, no mildew and the like; the carbon fiber and the polypropylene fiber are matched, so that the strength of the aerogel particle composite insulation board is further improved.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board provided by the invention is preferably provided with the L-shaped groove at least at one end, when the aerogel particle composite insulation board is installed, the corresponding L-shaped grooves of two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards are correspondingly arranged and connected, a gap of 0.5-0.8mm is formed in the middle, the gap can be filled with insulation mortar or cement, the heat energy transfer is reduced by the staggered connection mode, and the insulation function is enhanced. Further preferably, be equipped with circular recess on aerogel particle composite insulation board's a face, circular recess is used for accessories such as installation rivet, installs accessories such as rivet in circular recess, can keep the wall level and smooth. The radius of the circular groove can be adjusted according to the size of the installation accessory, and the number of the circular grooves is designed according to the actual installation requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the aerogel particle composite insulation system provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerogel particle composite insulation board provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the aerogel particle composite insulation board provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the aerogel particle composite insulation board provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
An adhesive layer 2, an aerogel particle composite insulation board 3, a plastering layer 4 and a finishing layer 5 are sequentially arranged from a base layer wall body 1 to the outside, the aerogel particle composite insulation board 3 is provided with L-shaped grooves 6, the corresponding L-shaped grooves 6 of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards 3 are correspondingly connected to form a gap 8, and the width of the gap 8 is 0.6 mm; the groove depth 6.1 of the L-shaped groove 6 is 7 mm; be equipped with a circular recess 7 in the center of a face of aerogel granule composite insulation board 3, the radius of circular recess 7 is 30mm, dark 6mm, consolidates aerogel granule insulation board 3 with the rivet, and the rivet is installed in circular recess 7.
The bonding layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of ordinary portland cement, 13 parts of 150-mesh sand, 9 parts of aerogel particles, 7 parts of ground calcium carbonate and 2.5 parts of redispersible latex powder.
The finishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 285 parts of ordinary portland cement, 275 parts of 80-mesh quartz sand, 29 parts of aerogel particles, 60 parts of ground limestone, 26 parts of redispersible latex powder, 3.2 parts of a water repellent and 2.5 parts of polypropylene fibers.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of foamed glass particles, 9 parts of aerogel particles, 0.7 part of carbon fibers, 1.6 parts of polypropylene fibers, 43 parts of ordinary portland cement, 2.4 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5 parts of water repellent sodium methyl silicate and 12 parts of water. The particle size of foaming glass granule is 1.5mm, the particle size of aerogel granule is 1mm, the length of carbon fiber is 2.2mm, the length of polypropylene fiber is 10 mm.
The preparation method of the aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 30 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted, starting pressing and forming, wherein the pressing and forming pressure is 0.8MPa, and the pressing time is 5 seconds;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 4.5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, ventilating for 2 hours, and packaging.
Example 2
An adhesive layer 2, an aerogel particle composite insulation board 3, a plastering layer 4 and a finishing layer 5 are sequentially arranged from a base layer wall body 1 to the outside, the aerogel particle composite insulation board 3 is provided with L-shaped grooves 6, the corresponding L-shaped grooves 6 of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards 3 are correspondingly connected to form a gap 8, and the width of the gap 8 is 0.7 mm; the groove depth 6.1 of the L-shaped groove 6 is 6 mm; the center of a face of aerogel particle composite insulation board 3 is provided with a circular groove 7, the radius of circular groove 7 is 20mm, dark 4 mm. And reinforcing the aerogel particle heat insulation board 3 by using rivets, wherein the rivets are arranged in the circular grooves 7.
The bonding layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 31 parts of ordinary portland cement, 15 parts of 120-mesh sand, 8 parts of aerogel particles, 8 parts of ground calcium carbonate and 1 part of redispersible latex powder.
The finishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 295 parts of ordinary portland cement, 260 parts of 90-mesh quartz sand, 27 parts of aerogel particles, 80 parts of ground limestone, 27 parts of redispersible latex powder, 2.4 parts of a water repellent and 3 parts of polypropylene fibers.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of foamed glass particles, 6 parts of aerogel particles, 0.8 part of carbon fibers, 1.9 parts of polypropylene fibers, 35 parts of ordinary portland cement, 3.2 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1 part of water repellent methyl potassium silicate and 14 parts of water. The particle size of foaming glass granule is 1.7mm, the particle size of aerogel granule is 0.8mm, the length of carbon fiber is 2.7mm, the length of polypropylene fiber is 11.5 mm.
The preparation method of the aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 32 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted, starting pressing and forming, wherein the pressing and forming pressure is 0.6MPa, and the pressing time is 7 seconds;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 4 hours at 78 ℃, ventilating for 2.5 hours, and packaging.
Example 3
An adhesive layer 2, an aerogel particle composite insulation board 3, a plastering layer 4 and a finishing layer 5 are sequentially arranged from a base layer wall body 1 to the outside, the aerogel particle composite insulation board 3 is provided with L-shaped grooves 6, the corresponding L-shaped grooves 6 of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards 3 are correspondingly connected to form a gap 8, and the width of the gap 8 is 0.5 mm; the groove depth 6.1 of the L-shaped groove 6 is 8 mm; be equipped with a circular recess 7 in the center of a face of aerogel granule composite insulation board 3, the radius of circular recess 7 is 15mm, dark 3 mm. And reinforcing the aerogel particle heat insulation board 3 by using rivets, wherein the rivets are arranged in the circular grooves 7.
The bonding layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of ordinary portland cement, 11 parts of 130-mesh sand, 7 parts of aerogel particles, 10 parts of ground calcium carbonate and 1.5 parts of redispersible latex powder.
The finishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 280 parts of ordinary portland cement, 290 parts of 70-mesh quartz sand, 21 parts of aerogel particles, 55 parts of ground limestone, 24 parts of redispersible latex powder, 4.0 parts of a water repellent and 2 parts of polypropylene fibers.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of foamed glass particles, 8 parts of aerogel particles, 1 part of carbon fibers, 1.4 parts of polypropylene fibers, 32 parts of ordinary portland cement, 3.9 parts of redispersible latex powder, 2.5 parts of aluminum monostearate serving as a water repellent and 16 parts of water. The particle size of foaming glass granule is 1.8mm, the particle size of aerogel granule is 0.6mm, the length of carbon fiber is 1.7mm, the length of polypropylene fiber is 11 mm.
The preparation method of the aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 34 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted, starting pressing and forming, wherein the pressing and forming pressure is 0.9MPa, and the pressing time is 5 seconds;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, ventilating for 2.3 hours, and packaging.
Example 4
An adhesive layer 2, an aerogel particle composite insulation board 3, a plastering layer 4 and a finishing layer 5 are sequentially arranged from a base layer wall body 1 to the outside, the aerogel particle composite insulation board 3 is provided with L-shaped grooves 6, the corresponding L-shaped grooves 6 of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards 3 are correspondingly connected to form a gap 8, and the width of the gap 8 is 0.8 mm; the groove depth 6.1 of the L-shaped groove 6 is 7 mm.
The bonding layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33 parts of ordinary portland cement, 12 parts of 110-mesh sand, 6 parts of aerogel particles, 6 parts of ground calcium carbonate and 2 parts of redispersible latex powder.
The finishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 290 parts of ordinary portland cement, 280 parts of 100-mesh quartz sand, 24 parts of aerogel particles, 70 parts of ground limestone, 25 parts of redispersible latex powder, 4.9 parts of a water repellent and 1.5 parts of polypropylene fibers.
The aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of foamed glass particles, 7 parts of aerogel particles, 0.6 part of carbon fibers, 1.2 parts of polypropylene fibers, 48 parts of ordinary portland cement, 4.6 parts of redispersible latex powder, 2 parts of organosilicon water repellent and 19 parts of water. The particle size of foaming glass granule is 1.1mm, the particle size of aerogel granule is 3mm, the length of carbon fiber is 1.3mm, the length of polypropylene fiber is 12 mm.
The preparation method of the aerogel particle composite insulation board comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 30 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted, starting pressing and forming, wherein the pressing and forming pressure is 0.7MPa, and the pressing time is 6 seconds;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 4.3 hours at 82 ℃, ventilating for 2 hours, and packaging.
Example 5
The aerogel particles used in the aerogel particle composite insulation board, the bonding layer and the plastering layer in the embodiment 1 are prepared by the following method:
s1, adding cellulose fibers with the length of 8mm into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 11%, soaking for 70 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying in vacuum at 40 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a 9% sodium silicate aqueous solution to 1.2 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber and absolute ethyl alcohol obtained in S1, wherein the addition amount of the modified cellulose fiber is 0.9% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, stirring for 60 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 6.8 by using ammonia water, and standing for 30 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the massive gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 1.5 hours, carrying out suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification, wherein the weight ratio of tetraethoxysilane to trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1, modifying at 50 ℃ for 15 hours, and performing supercritical drying by using carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles; the reaction temperature of the carbon dioxide supercritical drying is 45 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 17MPa, and the drying time is 14 hours.
Example 6
s1, adding cellulose fibers with the length of 10mm into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 13%, soaking for 80 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying in vacuum at 32 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a 10% sodium silicate aqueous solution to 3 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber and absolute ethyl alcohol obtained in the step S1, wherein the addition amount of the modified cellulose fiber is 0.7% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2.5% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, stirring for 70 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 7.3 by using ammonia water, and standing for 28 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the massive gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 1 hour, performing suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification, wherein the weight ratio of tetraethoxysilane to trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1.2, modifying at 41 ℃ for 14 hours, and performing supercritical drying by carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles; the reaction temperature of the carbon dioxide supercritical drying is 40 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 19MPa, and the drying time is 13 hours.
Example 7
s1, adding cellulose fibers with the length of 7mm into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 14%, soaking for 60 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying in vacuum at 28 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 11% to 2 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber and absolute ethyl alcohol obtained in the step S1, wherein the addition amount of the modified cellulose fiber is 0.8% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1.5% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, stirring for 50 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 7.7 by using ammonia water, and standing for 27 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the massive gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 2 hours, performing suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification, wherein the weight ratio of tetraethoxysilane to trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1.1, modifying at 55 ℃ for 13 hours, and carrying out supercritical drying on carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles; the reaction temperature of the carbon dioxide supercritical drying is 55 ℃, the pressure is controlled at 16MPa, and the drying time is 11 hours.
Example 8
s1, adding cellulose fibers with the length of 6mm into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 12%, soaking for 90 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying in vacuum at 35 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 12% to 2.5 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber and the absolute ethyl alcohol obtained in the step S1, wherein the addition amount of the modified cellulose fiber is 0.6% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 3% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, stirring for 55 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 6.2 by using ammonia water, and standing for 25 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the massive gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 1 hour, performing suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification, wherein the weight ratio of tetraethoxysilane to trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1.3, modifying at 60 ℃ for 12 hours, and carrying out supercritical drying on carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles; the reaction temperature of the carbon dioxide supercritical drying is 50 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 17MPa, and the drying time is 12 hours.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aerogel granule composite insulation system which characterized in that outwards is equipped with tie coat (2), aerogel granule composite insulation board (3), rendering coat (4) and finish coat (5) in proper order from basic unit's wall body (1), the raw materials of aerogel granule composite insulation board (3) include according to parts by weight: 15-40 parts of foamed glass particles, 5-10 parts of aerogel particles, 0.5-1 part of carbon fibers, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fibers, 30-50 parts of ordinary portland cement, 2-5 parts of rubber powder, 0.5-3 parts of a water repellent and 10-20 parts of water.
2. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 1, wherein at least one end of the aerogel particle composite insulation board (3) is provided with an L-shaped groove (6), the corresponding L-shaped grooves (6) of any two adjacent aerogel particle composite insulation boards (3) are correspondingly connected to form a gap (8), and the width of the gap (8) is 0.5-0.8 mm.
3. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 2, wherein the L-shaped grooves (6) have a groove depth (6.1) of 6-8 mm.
4. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 3, wherein a plate surface of the aerogel particle composite insulation plate (3) is provided with a circular groove (7), and the depth of the circular groove (7) is 3-6 mm.
5. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the bonding layer comprise, in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of ordinary portland cement, 10-15 parts of 100-sand 150-mesh sand, 5-10 parts of aerogel particles, 5-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate and 1-3 parts of redispersible latex powder.
6. The aerogel particle composite insulation system of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the plastering layer comprise, by weight: 300 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 280-300 parts of 60-100 mesh quartz sand, 20-30 parts of aerogel particles, 50-80 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 23-28 parts of redispersible latex powder, 2-5 parts of a water repellent and 1-3 parts of polypropylene fibers.
7. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the aerogel particles are prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
s1, adding the cellulose fibers into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% -15%, soaking for 60-90 minutes, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain modified cellulose fibers;
s2, adjusting the pH value of a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 8% -13% to 1-3 by using hydrochloric acid, adding the modified cellulose fiber obtained in the S1 and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 50-70 minutes, adjusting the pH value to 6-8 by using ammonia water, and standing for 24-30 hours at room temperature to obtain block gel;
s3, crushing the block gel obtained in the S2, adding deionized water, stirring and washing for 1-2 hours, carrying out suction filtration, immersing filter residues in a mixture of tetraethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane for modification at the modification temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and carrying out supercritical drying by carbon dioxide to obtain aerogel particles.
8. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 7, wherein in the aerogel particle preparation method S2, the addition amount of the modified cellulose fiber is 0.5% -1% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution, and the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1% -3% of the weight of the sodium silicate aqueous solution.
9. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 7, wherein in the aerogel particle preparation method S3, the weight ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the trimethylchlorosilane in the mixture of the tetraethoxysilane and the trimethylchlorosilane is 1: 1-1.3.
10. The aerogel particle composite insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the aerogel particle composite insulation board is prepared by the following method:
step one, uniformly mixing 425 cement, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and rubber powder to obtain a mixture A for later use;
step two, adding a water repellent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B for later use;
step three, sequentially adding the aerogel particles, the foamed glass particles and the mixture A obtained in the step one into a mixing bin, then adding the mixture B obtained in the step two, stirring for 30-35 seconds, and then putting into a storage bin for later use;
step four, opening the pressing plate equipment for pressing and forming after the pressing plate equipment is adjusted;
and step five, placing the formed plate into a steam curing room, curing for 4-5 hours at 78-82 ℃, ventilating for 2-2.5 hours, and packaging.
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