CN111250992B - Conductive auxiliary member, dissimilar material joining apparatus, and dissimilar material joining method - Google Patents
Conductive auxiliary member, dissimilar material joining apparatus, and dissimilar material joining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250992B CN111250992B CN202010117729.2A CN202010117729A CN111250992B CN 111250992 B CN111250992 B CN 111250992B CN 202010117729 A CN202010117729 A CN 202010117729A CN 111250992 B CN111250992 B CN 111250992B
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Abstract
The invention provides a conductive auxiliary piece, which comprises a first column body, a second column body and an insulating covering layer, the first pillar and the insulating cover are respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the second pillar, the horizontal projection of the second column body falls into the horizontal projection of the first column body, the conductive auxiliary piece is used for jointing the first to-be-jointed piece and the second to-be-jointed piece, the first to-be-bonded part and the second to-be-bonded part are stacked, the insulating covering layer is arranged in contact with the first to-be-bonded part, the insulating covering layer can generate insulation damage when being electrified, the first part to be jointed is melted by impact current to form an opening, so that the second column can penetrate through the first part to be jointed and contact with the second part to be jointed and form a nugget, the first to-be-engaged member is clamped between the first column and the second to-be-engaged member. The invention also provides a dissimilar material joining device and a dissimilar material joining method.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of dissimilar material joining technology, and in particular, to a conductive auxiliary member, a dissimilar material joining apparatus, and a dissimilar material joining method.
Background
In the automotive industry, attempts have been made to reduce the weight of the aluminum alloy material due to environmental problems such as global warming, for example, by applying the aluminum alloy material to the body of the automobile. However, since an aluminum alloy material is inferior to a steel material in strength, formability, weldability, cost, and the like, it is not practical to replace all of the steel material with an aluminum alloy material. Therefore, at present, an aluminum alloy material is partially used, and a steel material and an aluminum alloy material coexist. In such a case, the steel material and the aluminum alloy material are certainly joined. However, when the steel material and the aluminum alloy material are directly welded, a brittle and hard intermetallic compound is formed in the welded portion, and the stability of the welded portion is deteriorated. In addition to steel and aluminum alloys, brittle and hard intermetallic compounds are often formed when two joining members made of different materials are joined.
Therefore, bonding of dissimilar materials is currently a very large barrier. At present, it is practical to use riveting or bolting for mechanical joining. However, in the case of riveting or bolting, a through hole is formed in the member to be joined, and then the through hole is positioned and a rivet or bolt is inserted. This increases the cost and reduces the efficiency of the operation. In short, the current state of the art for joining dissimilar materials has not yet achieved industrial requirements.
The foregoing description is provided for general background information and is not admitted to be prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a conductive auxiliary member, a dissimilar material joining device and a dissimilar material joining method, which can conveniently and effectively join dissimilar materials and do not generate brittle and hard intermetallic compounds.
The invention provides a conductive auxiliary piece for jointing a first to-be-jointed piece and a second to-be-jointed piece, the conductive auxiliary part comprises a conductive part and an insulating covering layer, the conductive part comprises a first column body and a second column body, the first pillar and the insulating cover are respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the second pillar, the first part to be bonded and the second part to be bonded are stacked, and when the first part to be bonded and the second part to be bonded are bonded, the insulating covering layer is arranged in contact with the first part to be bonded, the insulating covering layer can generate insulation damage when being electrified, the first part to be jointed is melted by impact current to form an opening, enabling the second column to penetrate through the first part to be jointed to be in contact with the second part to be jointed and form a nugget, and clamping the first part to be jointed between the first column and the second part to be jointed.
In one embodiment, the insulating cover layer is made of ceramic powder.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the insulating cover layer is 5 to 200 μm.
In one embodiment, the ceramic powder is an acid-based ceramic powder, a carbide-based ceramic powder, or a silicon nitride-based ceramic powder.
In one embodiment, the horizontal projection of the second cylinder falls within the horizontal projection of the first cylinder.
In one embodiment, the first to-be-engaged member and the second to-be-engaged member are stacked, and the height of the second column is greater than the height of the first to-be-engaged member.
In one embodiment, the height of the second column is smaller than the sum of the heights of the first element to be engaged and the second element to be engaged.
In one embodiment, the first to-be-engaged member is made of a first material, the second to-be-engaged member is made of a second material, and the second column is made of a third material, and the melting point of the second material and the melting point of the third material are both greater than the melting point of the first material.
In one embodiment, the second material and the third material are the same material, and the melting point of the third material is equal to the melting point of the second material.
In one embodiment, the first material is an aluminum alloy material, and the second material and the third material are both steel materials.
The invention also provides a dissimilar material bonding device which comprises a power supply, a first electrode, a second electrode and the conductive auxiliary member, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively and electrically connected with the power supply through leads, the first electrode is arranged in contact with the first column, the second electrode is arranged at intervals with the insulating covering layer, the first to-be-bonded piece and the second to-be-bonded piece are arranged in a gap between the insulating covering layer and the second electrode, and the second to-be-bonded piece and the second electrode are arranged in contact.
In one embodiment, the first electrode, the conductive auxiliary member, and the second electrode are coaxially disposed, the first electrode is located above the second electrode, and at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode can move in a vertical direction under an external force, so as to clamp the conductive auxiliary member, the first member to be joined, and the second member to be joined.
The present invention also provides a dissimilar material joining method applied to the dissimilar material joining apparatus according to any one of the above, including:
stacking the first to-be-bonded part and the second to-be-bonded part and placing the first to-be-bonded part and the second to-be-bonded part in a gap between the conductive auxiliary part and the second electrode, wherein the insulating covering layer is in contact with the first to-be-bonded part, and the second electrode is in contact with the second to-be-bonded part;
controlling the current I for applying the power to the opening1And continuously opening the hole for a time T1Applying external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, enabling the insulating covering layer to generate insulation damage, and enabling instantaneous impact current flowing into the insulating covering layer to melt the first part to be jointed to form an opening, wherein the second column body penetrates through the first part to be jointed through the opening under the clamping action of the first electrode and the second electrode and is in contact with the second part to be jointed;
controlling the power supply to apply a welding current I2And for a welding time T2Applying external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, enabling the second cylinder and the second part to be jointed to be partially melted, and enabling the second cylinder to partially extend into the second part to be jointed under the clamping action of the first electrode and the second electrode;
controlling the power supply to stop outputting current, and applying external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, cooling a part of the second column and the second part to be jointed, which are in contact with each other, to form a nugget, and clamping the first part to be jointed between the first column and the second part to be jointed;
and applying an external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to deviate from each other, and taking out the combined body formed by the conductive auxiliary member, the first to-be-combined member and the second to-be-combined member after the combination is completed.
In one embodiment, when the first member to be joined is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the second member to be joined and the conductive auxiliary member are made of a steel material, the opening current I is applied to the opening1Is 2-10 kA, and the time T for opening the holes150-500 ms, the current I for welding25-15 kA, the time T for welding2Is 100 to 700 ms.
The conductive auxiliary part provided by the invention is provided with the insulating covering layer, and can generate insulation damage when being electrified, so that instant impact current melts the first part to be jointed to form an open hole, the required current is small, the time spent is short, and the open hole is not required to be opened in advance, so that the open hole is not required to be positioned, and when the conductive auxiliary part is used for jointing, the jointing effect can be simple and convenient. Further, since a large current does not need to be applied, a brittle and hard intermetallic compound is not generated, and the conductive auxiliary itself is not overheated. The dissimilar material joining apparatus according to the present invention has the same advantageous effects because the aforementioned conductive assistance is employed. Similarly, the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention has the same advantageous effects because the dissimilar material joining apparatus described above is used.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dissimilar material joining apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the dissimilar material joining apparatus shown in fig. 1 when joining is completed.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a conductive auxiliary of the dissimilar material joining apparatus shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a graph of current versus time when the dissimilar material joining apparatus shown in fig. 1 achieves joining.
Insulating cover layer 43 of first electrode 2
Second to-be-bonded member 6 of conductive auxiliary member 4
The nugget 7 of the first cylinder 41
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a conductive auxiliary member 4, which includes a conductive portion (not shown) and an insulating cover layer 43 disposed on the conductive portion. The conductive auxiliary 4 is used for joining a first to-be-joined member 5 and a second to-be-joined member 6 made of dissimilar materials. Specifically, the first to-be-joined member 5 is made of a first material, the second to-be-joined member 6 is made of a second material, both the first material and the second material are conductive materials, and the melting point of the second material is greater than that of the first material. The first to-be-bonded member 5 and the second to-be-bonded member 6 are stacked, and the first to-be-bonded member 5 and the insulating cover layer 43 are disposed in contact. When the power is supplied, the insulating covering layer 43 generates insulation damage, so that an impact current melts the first element to be bonded 5 to form an opening at the moment, and the conductive part shielded by the insulating covering layer 43 is exposed, so that the conductive part can penetrate through the first element to be bonded 5 and is in contact with the second element to be bonded 6. The current is adjusted, and the conductive part and the second joint 6 to be jointed are heated and melted by using the resistance heating principle. Finally, the energization is stopped, so that a nugget 7 is formed between the conductive portion and the second member-to-be-joined 6 after cooling, and the first member-to-be-joined 5 is clamped between the conductive portion and the second member-to-be-joined 6, thereby completing the joining between the first member-to-be-joined 5 and the second member-to-be-joined 6.
The vertical section of the conductive part is approximately in a T shape, and comprises a first column body 41 and a second column body 42 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. The horizontal projection of the second column 42 falls into the horizontal projection of the first column 41, so that the opening of the first to-be-engaged member 5 can only allow the second column 42 to pass through, and the first column 41 is located outside the first to-be-engaged member 5 and abuts against the first to-be-engaged member 5. It is thereby possible to ensure that the first to-be-engaged member 5 is clamped between the first column 41 and the second to-be-engaged member 6, so that the first to-be-engaged member 5 and the second to-be-engaged member 6 are stably engaged. It should be noted that the first column 41 only needs to have a certain height, and the first column 41 is too high, which results in waste of electric energy, and therefore, the height of the first column 41 is less than that of the second column 42. Further, the height of the second column 42 is larger than the height of the first to-be-engaged member 5, so that it is possible to ensure that the second column 42 can smoothly pass through the first to-be-engaged member 5. The height of the second column 42 is smaller than the sum of the heights of the first to-be-engaged member 5 and the second to-be-engaged member 6, thereby preventing the second column 42 from penetrating out of the second to-be-engaged member 6. The first cylinder 41 and the second cylinder 42 may be made of the same material or different materials (different materials). When the first cylinder 41 and the second cylinder 42 are made of different materials, the melting point of the material of which the first cylinder 41 is made is greater than that of the material of which the second cylinder 42 is made, so that the first cylinder 41 can be prevented from being melted first, thereby affecting the conduction of current. In one embodiment, the first cylinder 41 and the second cylinder 42 are integrally formed and made of a third material. The melting point of the third material is greater than that of the first material and less than, equal to or greater than that of the second material, so that the second column 42 can smoothly pass through the first to-be-joined member 5 and form a nugget with the second to-be-joined member 6. In one embodiment, the first material is an aluminum alloy material and the second material is a steel material. In another embodiment, the second material and the third material are the same material, thereby suppressing the generation of a metal compound having high brittleness.
The insulating cover layer 43 of the conductive auxiliary 4 is uniformly coated on the end surface of the second cylinder 42 far away from the first cylinder 41, and has uniform thickness. The insulating cover layer 43 is made of ceramic powder, and air exists between particles of the ceramic powder. Normally, the dielectric breakdown voltage of air of 10 μm thickness is 30V, and the voltage supplied from the power source 1 when the first and second members to be bonded 5 and 6 are bonded is several tens of volts, so that the air in the insulating cover layer 43 concentrates the electric field to perform the dielectric breakdown function when the thickness of the air in the insulating cover layer 43 is appropriate. Once the insulation breakdown occurs, the first element to be joined 5 is melted by the instantaneous impulse current to form an opening, so that the second column 42 can pass through the first element to be joined 5 through the opening and contact the second element to be joined 6. At this time, the current is adjusted so that the second column 42 and the second to-be-joined member 6 are both heated and melted, and after cooling, a nugget is formed between the second column 42 and the second to-be-joined member 6, and then the joining between the first to-be-joined member 5 and the second to-be-joined member 6 is completed.
Through setting up insulating coating 43, electrically conductive auxiliary member 4 can be at the first trompil that waits on fastener 5 through self, so, need not set up the trompil in advance before the joint on first fastener 5 that waits, and then also need not fix a position the trompil for the joint operation is simple, convenient. In addition, the current can be concentrated instantaneously at the time of insulation breakdown to open the hole in the first part to be joined 5. If the hole is opened, a large current and/or a long energization time are required to melt the first element to be joined 5 by using the principle of resistance heating. When a large current passes and/or the energization time is long, the conductive auxiliary 4 and the first member to be joined 5 may react greatly to generate a brittle and hard intermetallic compound, so that the strength of the conductive auxiliary 4 and the first member to be joined 5 is reduced, and in addition, a molten liquid may splash. And the occurrence of the above-mentioned situation can be avoided by perforating through dielectric breakdown, the time required for perforating is short, and further, since the conductive auxiliary member 4 is not excessively heated, the decrease in strength of the conductive auxiliary member 4 itself can be avoided. Further, it is to be noted that when the first to-be-joined member 5 is made of an aluminum alloy material, resistance heat generation is hardly achieved because the aluminum alloy has high thermal conductivity and the temperature hardly rises. Therefore, it is impossible or difficult to realize the opening by the principle of resistance heating. In addition, since the heat conduction is unstable, the first to-be-joined member 5 may or may not melt and open the hole under the same current and current duration, and the reproducibility is poor. On the other hand, when the insulating cover layer 43 is provided, the first to-be-bonded member 5 can be perforated with high reproducibility even if it is made of a material having high thermal conductivity by dielectric breakdown.
Through calculation and corresponding experiments, in order to ensure the proper air thickness in the insulating cover layer 43, the thickness of the insulating cover layer 43 is 5 to 200 μm. In order to make the ceramic powder constituting the insulating coating layer 43 loose appropriately, a proper amount of air is contained, and the ceramic powder may be an acid-based ceramic powder, a carbide-based ceramic powder, or a silicon nitride-based ceramic powder.
With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention further provides a dissimilar material bonding apparatus, which includes a power source 1, a first electrode 2, a second electrode 3, and the conductive auxiliary element 4. The first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are electrically connected to the power source 1 through wires (not shown). The conductive portion is provided in contact with the first electrode 2, and the insulating cover layer 43 is provided at a distance from the second electrode 3.
When in use, the first electrode 2, the second electrode 3 and the conductive auxiliary 4 are coaxially arranged, so that the conductive auxiliary 4 can stably and uniformly penetrate through the first part to be bonded 5. The first to-be-bonded device 5 and the second to-be-bonded device 6 are stacked and placed in a gap between the insulating cover layer 43 and the second electrode 3, with the first to-be-bonded device 5 and the insulating cover layer 43 being disposed in contact, and the second to-be-bonded device 6 and the second electrode 3 being disposed in contact. The power supply 1 provides electric drive, current flows from the power supply 1, the corresponding section of conducting wire, the first electrode 2 and the conducting part to the insulating covering layer 43, and insulation damage can be generated on the insulating covering layer 43 by controlling the magnitude of the current, so that the first part to be bonded 5 is melted by the impact current to form an open hole instantly, and the conducting part shielded by the insulating covering layer 43 is exposed, so that the conducting part can penetrate through the first part to be bonded 5 and is in contact with the second part to be bonded 6. At this time, the two sections of wires, the power supply 1, the first electrode 2, the conductive part, the first part to be joined 5, the second part to be joined 6 and the second electrode 3 form a current loop, the magnitude of the current is controlled again, the conductive part and the second part to be joined 6 are heated and melted by using the resistance heating principle, and finally, the energization is stopped, so that a nugget 7 is formed between the conductive part and the second part to be joined 6 after cooling, and the joining between the first part to be joined 5 and the second part to be joined 6 is completed.
The power source 1 may be a voltage source or a current source, and is not limited herein as long as it can provide electric drive. In one embodiment, the power supply 1 is a voltage source.
The first electrode 2 is located above the second electrode 3, the upper end of the first electrode 2, that is, the end of the first electrode 2 far away from the second electrode 3, is electrically connected to the power supply 1 through a section of conducting wire, the lower end of the second electrode 3, that is, the end of the second electrode 3 far away from the first electrode 2, is electrically connected to the power supply 1 through another section of conducting wire, and the conductive auxiliary member 4, the first member to be bonded 5 and the second member to be bonded 6 are located between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3. At least one of the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 can move in the vertical direction under the action of external force, so that on one hand, the conductive auxiliary member 4, the first member to be bonded 5 and the second member to be bonded 6 can be conveniently placed between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 or taken out from between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3; on the other hand, when the first electrode 2 and/or the second electrode 3 moves in the vertical direction, the conductive auxiliary 4, the first to-be-bonded member 5 and the second to-be-bonded member 6 are clamped, so that the conductive auxiliary 4 penetrates through the first to-be-bonded member 5 and is in contact with the second to-be-bonded member 6, and further extends into the second to-be-bonded member 6. In one embodiment, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are both movable in the vertical direction by an external force. In order to apply an external force, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are moved in a vertical direction without being positioned, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are both rotating bodies, in one embodiment, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are both tapered electrodes, and when the connector is used, the narrower end of the first electrode 2 faces downwards to be in contact with the conductive auxiliary member 4, and the narrower end of the second electrode 3 faces upwards to be in contact with the second to-be-bonded member 6.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention further provides a dissimilar material joining method applied to the dissimilar material joining apparatus. Specifically, the first to-be-engaged member 5 and the second to-be-engaged member 6 are provided in a stacked arrangement. Then, the first to-be-bonded member 5 and the second to-be-bonded member 6 are placed between the conductive auxiliary member 4 and the second electrode 3, with the first electrode 2 being positioned above the conductive auxiliary member 4, the conductive auxiliary member 4 being positioned above the first to-be-bonded member 5, the first electrode 2 being in contact with the first column 41, the insulating cover layer 43 being in contact with the upper surface of the first to-be-bonded member 5, the second electrode 3 being positioned below the second to-be-bonded member 6, and the second electrode 3 being in contact with the lower surface of the second to-be-bonded member 6, so that the to-be-bonded member constituted by the conductive auxiliary member 4, the first to-be-bonded member 5, and the second to-be-bonded member 6 is sandwiched between the first electrode 2 and the. The first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 which are used for welding are electrified through the power supply 1, and external force is applied to the first electrode 2 and/or the second electrode 3 at the same time, so that the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are close to each other, the hole opening process and the welding process are successively completed, and then the joint can be completed. After the bonding is completed, an external force is applied to the first electrode 2 and/or the second electrode 3, so that the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are separated from each other, and the bonded body formed by the conductive auxiliary member 4, the first member to be bonded 5 and the second member to be bonded 6 after the bonding is completed can be taken out.
In the hole forming step, the control power source 1 applies a hole forming current I1And continuously opening the hole for a time T1At this stage, the current I for opening1Then, the instantaneous impact current flowing by breaking the insulating cover layer 43 melts the first to-be-bonded member 5 to form an opening, so that the second column 42 can penetrate through the first to-be-bonded member 5 through the opening under the clamping action of the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 to be in contact with the second to-be-bonded member 6. It will be understood that the current I is used if the thickness of the first part to be joined 5 is the same for each engagement1And lasts for a time T1The reproducibility of the opening can be relatively good, and if the thickness of the first part to be joined 5 differs from one part to another, I may need to be adjusted1And T1At least one of (a).
In the welding process, the power source 1 is controlled to apply a welding current I2And for a welding time T2At this stage, the current I for welding2The second cylinder 42 and the second element to be joined 6 are both partially melted, and the second cylinder 42 partially protrudes into the second element to be joined 6 under the clamping action of the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3. Time T for reaching welding2Thereafter, the power source 1 stops outputting the current, but the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 continue to be clamped, and the second cylinder 42 and the second to-be-joined member 6 cool down to form the nugget 7, by which the joining is completed.
Understandably, the current I for opening1Time T for drilling1And a welding current I2And time T for welding2The selection of (a) is closely related to the material, size, etc. of the conductive assistant 4, the first to-be-bonded member 5, and the second to-be-bonded member 6, and is not limited herein. In one embodiment, calculations and corresponding experiments have shown that the tapping current I is obtained when the first component to be joined 5 is made of an aluminum alloy material and the second component to be joined 6 and the conductive auxiliary 4 are made of a steel material12-10 kA, time T for opening150 to 500ms, welding current I25-15 kA, and the time T for welding2Is 100 to 700 ms. In one embodiment, an energization pause time is set between the hole opening process and the welding process so as to check whether the hole opening is completed smoothly.
The conductive auxiliary part 4 provided by the invention is provided with the insulating covering layer 43, and can generate insulation damage when being electrified, so that instant impact current melts the first part to be jointed 5 to form a hole, the required current is small, the time is short, and the hole does not need to be drilled in advance, therefore, the hole does not need to be positioned, and when the conductive auxiliary part is used for jointing, the jointing effect is simple and convenient. Further, since a large current does not need to be applied, a brittle and hard intermetallic compound is not generated, and the conductive auxiliary 4 itself is not overheated. The dissimilar material joining apparatus according to the present invention has the same advantageous effects because the above-described conductive auxiliary 4 is used. Similarly, the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention has the same advantageous effects because the dissimilar material joining apparatus described above is used.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (14)
1. A conductive auxiliary (4) for joining a first member to be joined (5) and a second member to be joined (6), wherein the conductive auxiliary (4) comprises a conductive portion including a first cylinder (41) and a second cylinder (42), and an insulating cover layer (43), the first cylinder (41) and the insulating cover layer (43) are respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the second cylinder (42), the insulating cover layer (43) is disposed in contact with the first member to be joined (5), when joined, the insulating cover layer (43) can generate an insulation breakdown when energized, an impulsive current melts the first member to be joined (5) to form an opening, so that the second cylinder (42) can penetrate through the first member to be joined (5) to be joined (6) to form a nugget (7), clamping the first part to be engaged (5) between the first column (41) and the second part to be engaged (6).
2. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating cover layer (43) consists of ceramic powder.
3. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 2, wherein the insulating cover layer (43) has a thickness of 5 to 200 μm.
4. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic powder is an acid-based ceramic powder, a carbide-based ceramic powder, or a silicon nitride-based ceramic powder.
5. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal projection of the second cylinder (42) falls within the horizontal projection of the first cylinder (41).
6. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 1, wherein the first to-be-joined member (5) and the second to-be-joined member (6) are provided in a stacked manner, and the height of the second column (42) is larger than the height of the first to-be-joined member (5).
7. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the height of the second column (42) is smaller than the sum of the heights of the first to-be-joined element (5) and the second to-be-joined element (6).
8. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first element to be joined (5) is made of a first material, the second element to be joined (6) is made of a second material, and the second cylinder (42) is made of a third material, the melting point of the second material and the melting point of the third material both being greater than the melting point of the first material.
9. Conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that the second material and the third material are of the same material, the melting point of the third material being equal to the melting point of the second material.
10. The conductive auxiliary (4) according to claim 9, wherein the first material is an aluminum alloy material, and the second material and the third material are both steel materials.
11. A dissimilar material joining apparatus, comprising a power source (1), a first electrode, a second electrode and the conductive auxiliary member (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the power source (1) through a wire, respectively, and the first electrode is disposed in contact with the first cylinder (41), the second electrode is disposed at an interval from the insulating cover layer (43), the first member to be joined (5) and the second member to be joined (6) are disposed in a gap between the insulating cover layer (43) and the second electrode, and the second member to be joined (6) and the second electrode are disposed in contact.
12. The dissimilar material joining device according to claim 11, wherein the first electrode, the conductive auxiliary (4) and the second electrode are coaxially disposed, the first electrode is located above the second electrode, and at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is movable in a vertical direction by an external force, and plays a role of clamping the conductive auxiliary (4), the first member to be joined (5) and the second member to be joined (6).
13. A dissimilar material joining method applied to the dissimilar material joining apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, comprising:
the first to-be-bonded part (5) and the second to-be-bonded part (6) are stacked and arranged in a gap between the conductive auxiliary part (4) and the second electrode, the insulating covering layer (43) is in contact with the first to-be-bonded part (5), and the second electrode is in contact with the second to-be-bonded part (6);
controlling the power supply (1) to apply a current I for tapping1And continuously opening the hole for a time T1And applying external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, wherein the insulating covering layer (43) generates insulation damage, instant impact current flowing into the insulating covering layer (43) is damaged to melt the first part to be jointed (5) to form an opening, and the second column body (42) is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrodeThe second electrode penetrates through the first part to be jointed (5) through the opening under the clamping action of the second electrode and is in contact with the second part to be jointed (6);
controlling the power source (1) to apply a welding current I2And for a welding time T2Applying an external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, enabling the second cylinder (42) and the second element to be jointed (6) to be partially melted, and enabling the second cylinder (42) to partially extend into the second element to be jointed (6) under the clamping action of the first electrode and the second electrode;
controlling the power supply (1) to stop outputting current, and applying external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to be close to each other, cooling a part of the second column body (42) and the second part to be jointed (6) which are in contact with each other to form a nugget (7), and clamping the first part to be jointed (5) between the first column body (41) and the second part to be jointed (6);
and applying an external force to the first electrode and/or the second electrode to enable the first electrode and the second electrode to deviate from each other, and taking out the combined body formed by the conductive auxiliary member (4), the first member to be bonded (5) and the second member to be bonded (6) after the bonding is finished.
14. The joining method of dissimilar materials according to claim 13, wherein when said first member to be joined (5) is made of an aluminum alloy material, and said second member to be joined (6) and said conductive auxiliary member (4) are made of a steel material, said opening is performed with an electric current I1Is 2-10 kA, and the time T for opening the holes150-500 ms, the current I for welding25-15 kA, the time T for welding2Is 100 to 700 ms.
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| JP2012166270A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Spot friction stir welding method of bimetallic metals |
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| JP6619388B2 (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-12-11 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Manufacturing method of dissimilar material joined body |
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| JP2014000580A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-01-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Different material joined body, structure for different material joined body and rivet for different material joined body |
| JP2014173683A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-22 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Rivet, different member connecting structure with rivet and method for manufacturing different member connecting body |
| CN107891220A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-04-10 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of dissimilar material joining device based on same lateral electrode |
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