Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of removing particle pollutants in the existing large-area optical element and provides a device for adsorbing the particle pollutants by using a movable electrostatic electric field.
The invention generates a movable electric field by moving the two copper rod-shaped electrodes, covers a large-area optical element in a full size, greatly improves the electrostatic contact area, reduces the space volume of the copper rod-shaped electrodes, and has compact structure and high adsorption efficiency. Compared with other types of static electrodes, the static electrode has more concentrated electric field distribution, and the area covered by the electric field depends on the copper rod-shaped electrode and the movable range of the copper rod-shaped electrode on the optical axis guide rail, so that the copper rod-shaped electrode is more freely arranged and has wider application range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for adsorbing particulate contaminants using a movable electrostatic field, the apparatus comprising a base unit, a moving unit, a cleaning unit, and a control unit;
the base unit comprises a substrate, four lens frames and four lens clamping pieces, the four corners of the upper surface of the substrate are respectively fixed with the lens frames, the top end of each lens frame is horizontally provided with the lens clamping piece, and each lens clamping piece is rotatably connected with the lens frame through a pin shaft;
the motion unit comprises a stepping motor and a transmission system; the transmission system comprises two guide rail sliding blocks, a strip-shaped steel plate, two optical axis guide rails, a screw rod, four supporting seats, two horizontal bearing seats, a coupler and a nut seat; the lead screw is connected to the upper surface of the base plate through two horizontal bearing blocks; each optical axis guide rail is connected to the upper surface of the base plate through two supporting seats, the two optical axis guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the lead screw and are arranged in parallel to the lead screw, the lead screw is connected with the stepping motor through a coupler, the stepping motor is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate, two ends of the nylon groove are in sliding connection with the two optical axis guide rails through the two guide rail sliding blocks, the nut seat is in threaded connection with the lead screw, and the nut seat and the two guide rail sliding blocks are both connected with the strip-shaped steel plate; the lead screw drives the nylon groove to move when rotating;
the cleaning unit comprises two copper rod-shaped electrodes and a direct-current power supply, the two copper rod-shaped electrodes are arranged above and below the nylon groove and are arranged in parallel up and down, and the direct-current power supply supplies power to the copper rod-shaped electrodes; the control unit is used for controlling the start or stop of the stepping motor of the motion unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the lead screw and the optical axis guide rail are used for moving the copper rod-shaped electrode on the surface of the optical glass, so that the coverage area is large, the adjustment can be realized, and the application range is wider.
2. The copper rod-shaped electrode is used, the occupied volume on the surface of the optical glass is small, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, and the electric field is more concentrated.
3. The copper rod-shaped electrode is arranged on the nylon groove, so that the shape of the copper rod-shaped electrode can be replaced and changed conveniently.
4. The time and the times of the copper rod-shaped electrode moving on the surface of the optical glass are controlled by the stepping motor, and the setting can be carried out according to the actual situation, so that the automatic operation is realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment describes an apparatus for adsorbing particulate contaminants using a movable electrostatic field, the apparatus including a base unit, a moving unit, a cleaning unit, and a control unit;
the base unit comprises a base plate 3, four lens frames 15 and four lens clamping pieces 14, the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate 3 are respectively fixed with the lens frames 15, the top end of each lens frame 15 is horizontally provided with a lens clamping piece 14, and each lens clamping piece 14 is rotatably connected with the lens frame 15 through a pin shaft;
the motion unit comprises a stepping motor 12 and a transmission system; the transmission system comprises two guide rail sliding blocks 2, a strip-shaped steel plate 6, two optical axis guide rails 7, a lead screw 8, four supporting seats 9, two horizontal bearing seats 10, a coupler 11 and a nut seat 16; the lead screw 8 is connected to the upper surface of the substrate 3 through two horizontal bearing blocks 10; each optical axis guide rail 7 is connected to the upper surface of the base plate 3 through two supporting seats 9, the two optical axis guide rails 7 are respectively arranged on two sides of a lead screw 8 and are arranged in parallel to the lead screw 8, the lead screw 8 is connected with a stepping motor 12 through a coupler 11, the stepping motor 12 is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate 3, two ends of a nylon groove 5 are in sliding connection with the two optical axis guide rails 7 through two guide rail sliders 2, a nut seat 16 is in threaded connection with the lead screw 8, and the nut seat 16 and the two guide rail sliders 2 are both connected with a strip-shaped steel plate 6; the lead screw 8 drives the nylon groove 5 to move when rotating;
the cleaning unit comprises two copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 and a direct current power supply, the two copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 are arranged above and below the nylon groove 5, the two copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the direct current power supply supplies power to the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4; the direct current power supply is a low-voltage power supply or a high-voltage power supply; the control unit is used for controlling the start or stop of the stepping motor 12 of the motion unit.
The cleaning unit combines the electrostatic adsorption effect of the copper rod-shaped electrode 4; the moving unit drives a screw 8 through a stepping motor 12 to drive the guide rail slide block 2 and the copper rod-shaped electrode 4 to move.
The movement unit of the device is positioned on the back of the optical glass, the optical glass can be cleaned under the condition that the optical glass is not detached, the cleanable range can be changed by adjusting the lengths of the copper rod-shaped electrode 4 and the lead screw 8, and the device is flexible to apply. The device is specifically installed in an optical system, the optical glass is arranged on a lens frame 15 of the device and is fixed through a lens clamping piece 14, and the device is started when a certain piece of optical glass needs to be cleaned, and the device is used for the horizontally-arranged optical glass.
The second embodiment is as follows: in a first embodiment, the device for adsorbing particulate pollutants by using a movable electrostatic electric field has the following working process parameters: the electrostatic voltage was 7kV, the distance between the two copper rod-like electrodes 4 above and below the optical glass 1 was 30mm, and the speed of the copper rod-like electrode was 10 mm/s.
The third concrete implementation mode: in a device for adsorbing particle pollutants by using a movable electrostatic electric field according to a first specific embodiment, the nylon groove 5 is a rectangular groove, two end plates of the nylon groove 5 are provided with holes at equal intervals, the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 are installed corresponding to different scales, and the distance between the two copper rod-shaped electrodes can be adjusted according to the thickness of a lens and the required electric field intensity.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the device for adsorbing particle pollutants by using a movable electrostatic electric field is further provided with two limit switches 13, wherein the two limit switches 13 are arranged on diagonal sides of the substrate 3 and fixed on the side surfaces of the lens frame 15 adjacent to the guide rail sliding block 2, and are used for limiting the movement range of the guide rail sliding block 2.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in the first embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 3 is made of an acrylic plate.
A specific method of using the device is described below with reference to fig. 1. In the device, the stepping motor 12 controls the copper rod-shaped electrode 4 to scan on the surface of the optical glass 1, so that the device can be used on optical glass 1 with various areas, and has the advantages of small occupied volume and high dust removal efficiency. The copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 are respectively arranged above and below the optical glass 1, the optical glass 1 is fixed by the lens clamping piece 14 and the lens frame 15, the device does not need to assemble and disassemble the lens, but is directly assembled in an optical system together with the lens, namely, the device is equivalent to an optical lens seat with a cleaning function.
The device of the invention comprises a base unit, a motion unit and a control unit. The base unit provides support for the motion unit; because the static electricity removal only has a cleaning effect on the surface of the optical glass 1 between the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4, the cleaning range is determined by the movement range of the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4, a lead screw 8 with the movement stroke of 400mm and the lead of 4mm is selected as a core component of a movement unit, and a stepping motor 12 is directly driven to serve as a power source. In order to control the stepping motor 12, a proper driving and control system needs to be selected, and a limit switch 13 is added in the device for limiting the stepping motor so as to prevent the danger caused by the over-limit of the movement range when the copper rod-shaped electrode 4 uses a high-voltage power supply to supply power for the stepping motor.
Copper rod-like electrode 4 is installed on nylon slot 5, has equidistant round hole and mark the scale on nylon slot 5, and the distance between copper rod-like electrode 4 is controlled through installing it in the different round hole department on nylon slot 5, simultaneously because the nylon material has good insulating ability, so be insulating each other between copper rod-like electrode 4 and other subassemblies. The nylon groove 5 is fixed on the strip-shaped steel plate 6, and the strip-shaped steel plate 6 for fixing the nylon groove 5 is also responsible for connecting the screw rod 8, the screw seat 16 and the guide rail slide block 2 together. Through the design, the pushing force on the screw rod 8 is prevented from acting on the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4, the straightness of the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 is guaranteed, and the electric field between the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4 can be uniformly distributed only by guaranteeing the straightness of the copper rod-shaped electrodes 4. The whole power is provided by a stepping motor 12, and the stepping motor 12 is connected with the lead screw 8 through an elastic coupling 11. The diameter of the copper rod-like electrode 4 was 12 mm.
The stepper motor 12 is selected to be a 42 stepper motor with a step angle of 1.8 deg. which provides a maximum torque of 0.4Nm and a D-shaft output shaft with a maximum diameter of 5 mm. Compared with a round shaft, the D-shaped shaft has lower requirements on the coupler 11 under the condition of ensuring the output torque. The stepper motor driver is selected to be a TB6600 type driver, which can provide a maximum current of 4A, and can be set to 32 times the subdivision at the highest. The more the subdivision, the more stable the movement of the stepping motor, and the lower the rotation speed when the output clock frequency of the controller is the same. The DKC-1B type controller is selected as a stepping motor controller, and the stepping motor controller can still keep higher reliability and stability under the interference of strong electromagnetism and dust in experiments.
The low-voltage power supply is selected from a Taiwan Ming latitude switch power supply, the model is NES-100-24, the output voltage is 24V, the maximum output current is 4.5A, and the use requirement of the device can be met. In the aspect of stroke control, a proximity switch is selected as the limit switch 13. Compared with the conventional mechanical pressing type sensor, the proximity switch does not need direct physical contact, so that the signal interference caused by the contact of a high-voltage cleaning system and a low-voltage signal system is avoided, and the reliability of the device is enhanced.
The high-voltage power supply is selected from a CX-150A type high-voltage power supply, the voltage output of the high-voltage power supply is adjustable, and when the input voltage is 220V, the highest output voltage of the high-voltage power supply can reach 15kV, so that the voltage requirement of the device is met. In the aspect of safety, the safety protection device has the ignition protection function and the short circuit protection function, and can better ensure the safety of personnel and devices. The copper rod electrode in the device adopts a red copper electrode, and the device has strong conductivity and stable chemical property.
In order to verify the adsorption effect of the device, SiO is adopted2The particle micropowder mimics actual particle contamination and varies in diameter from 5 μm to 100 μm. The verification result shows that: the intensity of the electric field generated on the surface of the optical element by the device increases with the increase of the electrostatic voltage, so that the adsorption efficiency increases with the increase of the voltage. The position of the copper rod-like electrode also has a great influence on the adsorption efficiency, and the closer the copper rod-like electrode is to the optical element, the higher local electric field is easily generated, so that the adsorption efficiency is increased. However, the too small distance between the copper rod-like electrode and the element is likely to cause arc discharge, thereby lowering the adsorption efficiency. Through multiple times of experimental optimization, reasonable process parameters of the experimental device are finally obtained: the electrostatic voltage is 7kV, the distance between the upper copper rod-shaped electrode 4 and the lower copper rod-shaped electrode 4 of the optical glass 1 is 30mm, and the adsorption efficiency of particle pollutants with the particle size of more than 20 mu m can reach 80% when the speed of the copper rod-shaped electrodes is 10 mm/s.