CN111249630B

CN111249630B - Oral tongue-spatula

Info

Publication number: CN111249630B
Application number: CN202010087399.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭栓栓; 刘志刚; 梁军; 黄冠峰; 房昭雄; 陈洪涛; 姜仁伟; 朱寿武
Original assignee: Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University
Current assignee: Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University
Priority date: 2020-02-11
Filing date: 2020-02-11
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-11
Also published as: CN111249630A

Abstract

An oral spatula frame comprising: a first dental arch and a second dental arch; a telescopic rod connected with the second dental arch and capable of moving back and forth relative to the length direction of the second dental arch; and the tongue depressor is hinged with the rotating second dental arch, and a guide piece for guiding the rotating telescopic rod to move back and forth is arranged on the rotating tongue depressor, so that the rotating tongue depressor can be driven to rotate when the rotating telescopic rod moves back and forth. According to the oral cavity tongue pressing support, the first dental arch and the second dental arch are meshed with teeth, the tongue pressing plate is driven to rotate through interaction between the telescopic rod and the guide piece, the function of pressing the tongue down is achieved, and the oral cavity tongue pressing support is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and convenient to use.

Description

Oral tongue-spatula

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to medical devices, and more particularly to oral spatula holders.

Background

When the radiotherapy is carried out on a patient with tumor in the nasopharynx part or the oral cavity, the radiation in the radiotherapy can damage the tongue body, the mandible, the jaw joints, the oral mucosa of the mandible and the like in the oral cavity, possibly causes that saliva can not be secreted or taste can not be lost, an oral stent or a tongue depressor is required to be used for depressing the tongue and blocking the tongue outside a radiotherapy area to protect the tongue, but the existing oral stent or tongue depressor has a complex structure and is inconvenient to use.

Disclosure of Invention

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an oral spatula rack comprising:

a first dental arch and a second dental arch;

a telescopic rod connected with the second dental arch and capable of moving back and forth relative to the length direction of the second dental arch;

and the tongue depressor is hinged with the second dental arch, and a guide piece for guiding the telescopic rod to move forwards and backwards is arranged on the tongue depressor, so that the tongue depressor can be driven to rotate when the telescopic rod moves forwards and backwards.

According to the oral cavity tongue pressing support, the first dental arch and the second dental arch are meshed with teeth, the tongue pressing plate is driven to rotate through interaction between the telescopic rod and the guide piece, the function of pressing the tongue down is achieved, and the oral cavity tongue pressing support is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and convenient to use.

In some embodiments, the first and second dental arches are hinged by an end; the end parts of the second dental arch are respectively arranged at the inner sides of the end parts of the first dental arch, and the tongue depressor is hinged with the end parts of the second dental arch.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is,

the second dental arch is provided with a connecting part, and the connecting part is provided with a locking hole;

the telescopic rod is movably arranged in the connecting component, and a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the telescopic rod along the length direction of the telescopic rod;

the telescopic rod locking device further comprises a locking component which can penetrate through the locking hole and one of the positioning holes so as to lock the telescopic rod.

In some embodiments, the guide member includes two opposite side walls, each of the side walls is provided with a guide groove extending along a length direction of the guide member, and at least a portion of the end portion of the telescopic rod is disposed in the guide groove so that the telescopic rod can move back and forth along the guide groove.

In some embodiments, the end of the first dental arch and the end of the second dental arch are provided with first and second ratchet teeth on their opposite end surfaces, respectively, and the relative rotational direction of the first and second dental arches is defined as the opening direction when the first and second ratchet teeth are engaged.

In some embodiments, two sides of the tongue depressor are respectively formed with a connecting rod extending outwards, and the free end of the connecting rod is hinged with the end part of the second dental arch, so that when the distance between the connecting rods is reduced to drive the end parts of the second dental arch to approach each other, the first ratchet is separated from the second ratchet.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is,

a shaft part and a circular flange arranged outside the shaft part are formed at the free end of the connecting rod; a protruded side piece is arranged at the fixed end of the connecting rod;

the end part of the second dental arch forms a limiting groove, the limiting groove is sunken along the radial direction, and the cross section of the limiting groove is T-shaped, so that the free end of the connecting rod can be inserted into the limiting groove to rotate and is limited in the limiting groove through a flange.

In some embodiments, the oral spatula holder further comprises a torsion spring disposed at the hinge of the first and second dental arches to expand the first and second dental arches from one another;

or the upper surface of the first dental arch and the lower surface of the second dental arch form tooth sockets with L-shaped sections respectively.

In some embodiments, further comprising a first positioning tab secured perpendicular to a lower surface of the first dental arch, and a second positioning tab secured perpendicular to an upper surface of the second dental arch; the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece are respectively provided with at least one first positioning hole and at least one second positioning hole, and the positioning pin can penetrate through the corresponding first positioning hole and the second positioning hole, so that the first dental arch and the second dental arch are locked at the corresponding opening angles.

In some embodiments, the oral spatula frame further comprises a support bar, wherein the lower surface of the first dental arch and the upper surface of the second dental arch are respectively provided with a connecting groove, and the ends of the support bar are respectively detachably arranged in the connecting grooves, so that the first dental arch and the second dental arch are locked at the corresponding opening angles.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an oral spatula frame according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2 is another schematic structural view of an oral spatula frame according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of an oral spatula holder according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an oral spatula frame according to a second embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an oral spatula frame according to a variation of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an oral spatula frame according to a third embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

Example one

Fig. 1-3 schematically illustrate an oral tongue depressor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which may be used to open the mouth and depress the tongue of a patient during radiation therapy, or may be used in other situations, such as in stomatology as an oral treatment tool.

The oral cavity tongue depressing bracket comprises an arch component and a tongue depressing component, wherein the arch component comprises a first arch 1, a second arch 2 and a torsion spring 3, and the tongue depressing component comprises a telescopic rod 4, a connecting part 5, a locking part 6, a tongue depressing plate 7 and a guide part 8.

The first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are connected by end portions for occlusion of teeth to open upper and lower jaws of a mouth. In some embodiments, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are hinged by their ends so as to adjust the openness between the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2, and in particular, referring to fig. 3, a hinge post 13 inserted into the inner side end surface of the second dental arch 2 to be hinged is provided on the inner side end surface of the first dental arch 1. In other embodiments, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 may be fixedly connected, and the opening degree therebetween may not be adjustable.

In some embodiments, the ends of the first and

second arches

1 and 2 are provided in a cylindrical shape, and the end of the second arch 2 is provided inside the end of the first arch 1, both of which are clamped and contacted by the clamping force of the end of the first arch 1 against the end of the second arch 2. The opposite end surfaces of the ends of the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are respectively provided with a first ratchet 11 and a second ratchet 21, when the opposite end surfaces of the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are close enough, the first ratchet 11 and the second ratchet 21 are engaged, the ratchet directions of the first ratchet 11 and the second ratchet 21 are set to be capable of limiting the relative rotation direction of the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 to be an opening direction when the first ratchet 11 and the second ratchet 21 are engaged, namely, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 can only be opened and can not be closed, so that the oral cavity of a patient is opened, and the oral cavity is prevented from being closed during treatment, and the tongue, the lower jaw mucosa and the like are exposed in a radiation area. When the opposite end surfaces of the first and

second arches

1 and 2 are distant from each other, the first and

second ratchet teeth

11 and 21 are not engaged, and the first and

second arches

1 and 2 can freely rotate with each other. The end portions of the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 may be provided with scales for displaying the opening degree between the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2, which is convenient for adjustment.

In some embodiments, the upper surface of the first arch 1 and the lower surface of the second arch 2 are respectively formed with sockets 9 having an L-shaped cross-section to facilitate occlusion of teeth and to better abut against the teeth to define the positions of the first arch 1 and the second arch 2.

In some embodiments, an occlusal structure may be provided within the socket 9. The bite structure may be of a thermoplastic material with which the teeth are identified to conform to the patient's dental structure. In other embodiments, the bite structure can be customized by 3D printing to fit the patient's teeth, and the 3D printed material can be PLA (Polylactic acid), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), or TPE/TPU flexible material.

In some embodiments, a torsion spring 3 is further installed at the hinge of the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2, and two free ends of the torsion spring 3 abut against the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 respectively. When the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are closed with each other by an external force, for example, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are closed by hand, the torsion spring 3 stores the force, and when the external force is reduced or eliminated, the torsion spring 3 is released, and the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are automatically opened to a corresponding angle by the torsion spring 3. Thus, the oral spatula can be automatically opened after the oral spatula is put into the oral cavity, and the use is convenient.

The tongue depressor 7 is hinged with the second dental arch 2, so that the tongue depressor can rotate relative to the second dental arch 2, the tongue of a user can be pressed downwards, the tongue is blocked outside a radiotherapy area, and tissues such as salivary glands, taste buds and the like are protected from being damaged by radiation.

In some embodiments, the tongue depressor 7 is formed with outwardly extending links 72 on each side. One end of the link 72 is used for connecting with the tongue depressor 7, and is called a fixed end, and the other end thereof extends outward to form a free end 73. The free end 73 of the link 72 is adapted to articulate with the end of the second arch 2.

In some embodiments, the end of the second dental arch 2 forms a limit groove 22, the limit groove 22 being recessed in a radial direction from the outer circumferential surface of the end of the second dental arch 2 toward the center thereof, and having a substantially T-shaped section. The free end 73 of the link 72 is formed with a shaft portion 731 and a circular flange 732 disposed outside the shaft portion 731, the flange 732 is configured to be caught in the limiting recess 22, so that the free end 73 of the link 72 is confined in the limiting recess 22, and both the shaft portion 731 and the flange 732 are capable of rotating relative to the limiting recess 22, so that the tongue depressor 7 is hinged to the second dental arch 2 via the free end 73 of the link 72.

In some embodiments, the shape of the connecting rods 72 is preferably elongated and rod-shaped, so that the connecting rods 72 have a certain flexibility or elasticity, when an external force is applied to the connecting rods 72 on both sides, for example, the connecting rods 72 on both sides are pinched and folded towards each other by hand, so that the connecting rods 72 on both sides are slightly displaced to approach each other and bring the second dental arch 2 into a slight deformation, so that the ends of the second dental arch 2 approach each other, so that the ends of the second dental arch 2 are far away from the ends of the first dental arch 1, and the second ratchet 21 and the first ratchet 11 are separated. When the external force disappears, for example, when the hand holding the links 72 on both sides is released, the links 72 are restored, the deformation of the second dental arch 2 disappears, and the first ratchet 11 and the second ratchet 21 are re-engaged.

In other embodiments, an elastic member, such as a U-shaped spring 14, may be disposed at the end of the first and second

dental arches

1 and 2, and as shown in fig. 5, after the external force is removed by the elastic force, the end of the second dental arch 2 is tightly attached to the end of the first dental arch 1 again, so that the first and

second ratchet teeth

11 and 21 are contacted and engaged again.

In other embodiments, the link 72 may be omitted, and the second arch 2 may be deformed by pinching both sides of the second arch 2 with hands and applying force to the opposite sides, so as to separate the first ratchet 11 from the second ratchet 21. In some embodiments, the side pieces 71 of the protrusions are provided at the fixed ends of the links 72, respectively, to facilitate kneading.

The connecting member 5 is provided on the second dental arch 2, and the telescopic bar 4 is slid through the connecting member 5 to be connected to the second dental arch 2. The telescopic bar 4 is provided in the length direction of the second dental arch 2, and the back and forth movement in this direction is achieved by the connecting member 5, and the telescopic bar 4 is locked at a selected position by the locking member 6. In some embodiments, the connecting member 5 is provided in a circular ring shape fixed to the upper surface of the second dental arch 2, and the connecting member 5 is provided with a locking hole 51. The locking member 6 is a pin, the extendable rod 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 41 along the length direction thereof, and the extendable rod 4 is locked with the connecting member 5 by inserting the pin through the locking hole 51 and one of the positioning holes 41.

The tongue depressor 7 is provided with a guide 8 for guiding the telescopic rod 4 to move, and the guide 8 is arranged along the length direction of the telescopic rod 4. In some embodiments, the guide member 8 includes two opposite side walls 81, and guide grooves 82 extending along the length direction of the guide member 8 are respectively provided on the inner walls of the side walls 81. The end of the telescopic rod 4 forms a guide post, both ends of which are respectively inserted into the two guide grooves 82, so that the end of the telescopic rod 4 can move back and forth along the guide grooves 82.

When the telescopic link 4 moves forward and backward, the tongue depressor 7 can be driven to move through the guide groove 82, so that the tongue depressor 7 can rotate by taking a connecting line of two hinged points between the tongue depressor 7 and the second dental arch 2 as a central shaft, the rotation angle of the tongue depressor 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the forward and backward positions of the telescopic link 4, and the tongue can be blocked outside the radiation area as required. Specifically, when the telescopic rod 4 moves forward (in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 1), the tongue depressor 7 is pressed downward, and when the telescopic rod 4 moves backward, the tongue depressor 7 is lifted. The side wall 81 can be provided with scales for displaying the position of the end part of the telescopic rod 4, and the front and back positions of the telescopic rod 4 can be conveniently adjusted according to the scales, so that the pressing depth of the tongue spatula 7 can be adjusted.

The components of the oral tongue-spatula are made of radiation-proof materials, such as acrylic esters, carbon fibers or other materials meeting the application requirements.

When the oral tongue spatula of the invention is used, the oral cavity is firstly opened by the dental arch component. Firstly, the side piece 71 on the connecting rod 72 is pinched by hands and applied with force, so that the end part of the second dental arch 2 is separated from the end part of the first dental arch 1, the second ratchet 21 is separated from the first ratchet 11, so that the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 can rotate freely, then the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are closed, and the hands pinching the connecting rod 72 can be released after the closing; the closed oral spatula bracket is placed in the oral cavity of a patient, and then the hand is loosened, so that the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are opened to corresponding angles under the action of the torsion spring 3; at the moment, the included angle between the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 can be further adjusted through external force, the mouth opening degree is increased, but the mouth opening degree cannot be reduced, and the accidental closure of the oral cavity is prevented.

After the dental arch component is arranged, the tongue is blocked by the tongue pressing component. Through moving telescopic link 4 along fore-and-aft direction, drive tongue depressor 7 and rotate downwards for the tongue pushes down outside the radiotherapy region, then inserts the pin in locking hole 51 on adapting unit 5 and the corresponding locating hole 41 on telescopic link 4, locks telescopic link 4, thereby also locks the angle of tongue depressor 7.

The oral cavity tongue-spatula bracket of the invention opens and supports the oral cavity through the dental arch component with adjustable angle, so that a patient is in a proper mouth-opening angle; the tongue is blocked by the tongue pressing assembly with the adjustable angle, the tongue is prevented from being exposed in a radiotherapy area, the pressing depth of the tongue pressing plate can be adjusted according to the telescopic rod, and the tongue pressing assembly is simple in structure and convenient to use.

Example two

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are hinged by their ends, the ends of the second dental arch 2 are respectively disposed inside the ends of the first dental arch 1, the tongue depressor 7 is hinged with the ends of the second dental arch 2, and the telescopic rod 4, the connecting member 5, the locking member 6 and the guide member 8 may be disposed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

The lower surface of the first dental arch 1 and the upper surface of the second dental arch 2 are respectively provided with at least one connecting groove 10, and the end parts of at least one support rod 12 are respectively detachably arranged in the connecting grooves 10, so that the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are locked at a preset opening angle to prevent the closure of the oral cavity of a patient. In some embodiments, the end of the support rod 12 is provided in a ball shape, and the coupling groove 10 is provided in a ball-shaped groove adapted to the shape thereof, so that the ball-shaped end of the support rod 12 can be inserted into the coupling groove 10 or pulled out from the coupling groove 10 when a proper external force is applied. The supporting rods 12 can be provided with a plurality of supporting rods, for example, two supporting rods 12 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the telescopic rod 4, so that the supporting effect is further ensured.

When in use, the oral cavity tongue-pressing bracket is placed in an oral cavity, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are opened to a required angle, and the support rod 12 is arranged between the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2. The support rods 12 may be provided in a series of different length settings as desired so that different support rods 12 can be selected as desired to lock the first and second

dental arches

1, 2 at different opening angles.

In other embodiments, the support rod 12 may be replaced with an occluding material having a certain hardness and elasticity, and the occluding material may be placed in the patient's mouth and abutted between the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 to be spread, so long as the patient's mouth is prevented from being closed. The opening degree can be adjusted by putting occlusion materials with different sizes. The bite material can be a PU material, such as a HAGER bite block in germany.

In other embodiments, the first and second

dental arches

1 and 2 may be fixed to each other as long as the patient's mouth is prevented from closing, but in this case the opening angle cannot be adjusted as desired.

EXAMPLE III

Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are hinged by their ends, the ends of the second dental arch 2 are respectively disposed inside the ends of the first dental arch 1, the tongue depressor 7 is hinged with the ends of the second dental arch 2, and the telescopic rod 4, the connecting member 5, the locking member 6 and the guide member 8 may be disposed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

The dental arch assembly further comprises a first positioning sheet 15 fixed perpendicular to the lower surface of the first dental arch 1, and a second positioning sheet 23 fixed perpendicular to the upper surface of the second dental arch 2, wherein the first positioning sheet 15 and the second positioning sheet 23 are respectively provided with at least one first positioning hole 151 and at least one second positioning hole 231, and the dental arch assembly further comprises a positioning pin 16 capable of passing through the first positioning hole 151 and the second positioning hole 231 which are correspondingly overlapped in position, so that the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 are locked at the corresponding opening angle.

The number of the first and

second positioning pieces

15 and 23 may be one or more pieces, respectively. In some embodiments, the first positioning piece 15 has two pieces, the two pieces of the first positioning piece 15 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the plane of the telescopic rod 4, the two pieces of the second positioning piece 23 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the plane of the telescopic rod 4. The second positioning piece 23 is located at the outer side, or the inner side, of the first positioning piece 15. The number of the positioning pins 16 may be one or two, and when there is one positioning pin 16, it laterally passes through both the first positioning hole 151 and the second positioning hole 231, and when there is two positioning pins 16, it laterally passes through the first positioning hole 151 and the second positioning hole 231 on both sides, respectively.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the first positioning plate 15 is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes 151 arranged along an arc, the second positioning plate 23 is provided with a second positioning hole 231, and when the first dental arch 1 is rotated to different angles relative to the second dental arch 2, the positioning pin 16 can pass through the second positioning hole 231 and one of the first positioning holes 151, thereby locking the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 at the corresponding opening angles. In other embodiments, a plurality of second positioning holes 231 arranged along an arc may be provided on the second positioning plate 23, and one first positioning hole 151 is provided on the first positioning plate 15, so that when the first dental arch 1 rotates to different angles relative to the second dental arch 2, the positioning pin 16 can pass through the first positioning hole 151 and one of the second positioning holes 231, thereby locking the first dental arch 1 and the second dental arch 2 at the corresponding opening angles.

In some embodiments, the end of the first positioning plate 15 and/or the second positioning plate 23 is provided with a half hole 17, and the diameter of the half hole 17 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the positioning pin 16, so that the positioning pin 16 can be clamped on the half hole 17 when not in use.

What has been described above is merely some embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made, or combinations of the above-described embodiments can be made, without departing from the inventive concept of the present disclosure, and all such changes and modifications, including combinations of features of the various embodiments described above, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. Oral cavity tongue depressor support, its characterized in that includes:

a first dental arch and a second dental arch;

a telescopic rod connected to the second dental arch and capable of moving back and forth in a longitudinal direction of the second dental arch;

the tongue depressor is hinged with the second dental arch, and a guide piece for guiding the telescopic rod to move forwards and backwards is arranged on the tongue depressor, so that the tongue depressor can be driven to rotate when the telescopic rod moves forwards and backwards;

the first dental arch and the second dental arch are hinged through the end parts; the end parts of the second dental arch are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the end parts of the first dental arch, and the tongue depressor is hinged with the end part of the second dental arch;

the end face of the end of the first dental arch is opposite to the end face of the end of the second dental arch, and is respectively provided with a first ratchet and a second ratchet.

2. The oral spatula rack of claim 1, wherein:

the telescopic rod further comprises a locking component which can penetrate through the locking hole and one of the positioning holes so as to lock the telescopic rod.

3. The oral spatula rack of any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the guide piece comprises two opposite side walls, guide grooves extending along the length direction of the guide piece are formed in the side walls respectively, and at least one part of the end part of the telescopic rod is arranged in the guide grooves, so that the telescopic rod can move back and forth along the guide grooves.

4. The oral spatula rack of claim 1, wherein: connecting rods extending outwards are formed on two sides of the tongue depressor respectively, and the free ends of the connecting rods are hinged with the end parts of the second dental arches, so that when the distance between the connecting rods is reduced to drive the end parts of the second dental arches to approach each other, the first ratchets are separated from the second ratchets.

5. The oral spatula rack of claim 4, wherein:

the end part of the second dental arch forms a limiting groove, the limiting groove is recessed along the radial direction, the cross section of the limiting groove is T-shaped, so that the free end of the connecting rod can be inserted into the limiting groove to rotate, and the free end of the connecting rod is limited in the limiting groove through the flange.

6. The oral spatula rack of claim 1, wherein: the first dental arch and the second dental arch are hinged to each other by a hinge spring;