CN111248077A - 一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 - Google Patents
一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111248077A CN111248077A CN202010051098.9A CN202010051098A CN111248077A CN 111248077 A CN111248077 A CN 111248077A CN 202010051098 A CN202010051098 A CN 202010051098A CN 111248077 A CN111248077 A CN 111248077A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- algae
- metal
- parts
- crust
- mineral matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001290610 Abildgaardia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 22
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- FZIPCQLKPTZZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O FZIPCQLKPTZZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021091 Co(NO3)26H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910016374 CuSO45H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000075634 Cyperus rotundus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016854 Cyperus rotundus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004619 Na2MoO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FRHBOQMZUOWXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium ferric citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FRHBOQMZUOWXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960004642 ferric ammonium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004313 iron ammonium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000011 iron ammonium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013028 medium composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000201986 Cassia tora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014552 Cassia tora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/17—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing slag
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法,该生态毯包括矿质基体和其表面的生物结皮层,所述矿质基体包括:80~120份金属尾矿砂、1~5份植物凋落物、0.5~3份秸秆生物炭、0.5~3份具有重金属耐性的植物种子;生物结皮层由矿区丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建。本发明利用结皮中的藻类及微生物可以实现生物毯固碳和固氮功能,实现保水保肥,同时藻类和微生物产生的有机组分及植物凋落物可促进生物结皮层的形成,进而促进金属耐性植物的生长,实现尾矿库由低级到高级的一体化自我生态演替。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及矿山生态修复技术领域,具体地,是指一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法。
背景技术
金属矿产开发产生大量的尾砂,其堆积不仅占用大量土地,处理不当还会引发严重的地质灾害,产生持久性重金属污染问题。2018年8月,全国人大通过了《中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法》,土壤污染修复日益提上日程。研究表明,金属尾矿库已成为矿区周边地表水、地下水,尤其是下游农田等重金属污染的重要源头,其污染治理和生态修复也已成为人们关注重点。
植被重建及恢复生物承载力是修复矿业废弃地和控制金属污染的根本措施。由尾矿砂堆积而成的尾矿库常常富含硫及多种毒性金属,此类尾矿基质疏松多孔,保水保肥性极差而完全有别于一般意义的土壤。不仅如此,含硫矿物在水和氧气的作用下还会大量产酸而致使普通植物难以生长。
针对尾矿库“酸、毒、瘠”等生态环境问题,国内外研究主要集中在利用无机/有机材料改良尾矿库基质、钝化金属以及重建耐性植被等。传统有关金属尾矿库修复的发明专利也集中于利用基质固化改良、植物提取、原位淋洗等,亦有将微藻直接接种干旱区矿山表面,形成的人工生物结皮用于修复矿山基质和绿化。然而,上述技术方法存在耗时长、成本高等缺点难以大面积推广应用,且重建植被后的生态可持续性较差。因此,亟待异位构建适宜矿区环境的绿色高效可行的修复模式。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法,生态毯用于重建植被后的生态可持续性较好。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,包括矿质基体和其表面的生物结皮层,其中,
所述矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:80~120份金属尾矿砂、1~5份植物凋落物、0.5~3份秸秆生物炭、以及0.5~3份耐性植物种子;
所述生物结皮层为金属尾矿库生长的丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建而成。
作为优选地,所述矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:100份金属尾矿砂、2份植物凋落物、1份秸秆生物炭、以及1份耐性植物种子。
作为优选地,所述结皮层为具有金属耐性的丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建而成的结皮层,且所述结皮层的厚度为0.2-1cm。
作为优选地,所述耐性植物种子为重金属耐性植物种子,包括莎草种子、节节草种子、马尾松种子(乔木)、豆科的翅荚决明种子(灌木)中的一种或多种。
作为优选地,所述生物结皮层为丝状藻和球形藻经过BG11藻类培养基培养获得。
本发明的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯的构建方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、矿质基体构筑
采集金属尾矿砂,并将耐性植物种子、秸秆生物炭、植物凋落物、金属尾矿砂按比例混合均匀,然后将混合物放入模型框架内加水浸润,抚育1~2周得到矿质基体;
S2、BG11培养基配制
选取经典的BG11藻类培养基(pH 7.4),详细配方如下表所示:
编号 | 培养基成分 | 浓度g L<sup>-1</sup> |
1 | NaNO<sub>3</sub> | 1.5 |
2 | K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>3H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.04 |
3 | MgSO<sub>4</sub>7H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.075 |
4 | CaCl<sub>2</sub>2H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.036 |
5 | Citric acid(柠檬酸) | 0.006 |
6 | Ferric ammonium citrate | 0.006 |
7 | EDTA | 0.001 |
8 | Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> | 0.02 |
9 | Trace metal mix A5+Co* | 1mL L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.1 | H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub> | 2.86g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.2 | MnCl<sub>2</sub>4H<sub>2</sub>O | 1.81g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.3 | ZnSO<sub>4</sub>7H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.222g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.4 | Na<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>4</sub>2H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.390g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.5 | CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.079g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.6 | Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>6H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.0494g L<sup>-1</sup> |
S3、优势微生物及生物结皮层培育
选取金属尾矿库湿地生长良好的藻结皮和苔藓结皮,取大小约1cm3的小块新鲜结皮样品加入500mL BG11培养基中,连续光照培养至培养液呈现明显绿色得到混合藻液;将混合藻液均匀喷洒于抚育完成的矿质基体表面,15-30天即可形成约0.2-1cm厚的结皮层,即得金属尾矿库修复的生态毯。
作为优选地,所述步骤S3中光照培养的条件为25-30℃,15-20μmol光子m-2S-1。
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下:
(1)利用矿区生物结皮中的丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建生物结皮层,其中混合藻液中的藻类及其伴生的微生物可以实现固碳和固氮功能,进而实现保水保肥。生物结皮中含藻类及细菌、真菌等,原生尾矿可以驯化土著微生物,植物凋落物可以提供缓释有机质,藻类和异养微生物生产的碳氮养分及植物凋落物可促进生物结皮层的形成及耐性植物的生长,这样就可以实现尾矿库由低级到高级的一体化自我生态演替。
(2)生物结皮层可以调控水分和氧气向下层尾砂的大量输入,进而阻断含硫尾矿库中的尾矿砂伴生的硫化物氧化产酸过程,同时,配施的秸秆生物炭则可以钝化金属,如此则可以在很大程度上减轻因金属活化而淋溶释放对地表水及地下水的污染。
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合具体实施例进行详细描述。
实施例1
一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,包括矿质基体和其表面的生物结皮层,其中,
所述矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:80~120份金属尾矿砂、1~5份植物凋落物、0.5~3份秸秆生物炭、以及0.5~3份耐性植物种子;
所述生物结皮层为金属尾矿库生长的丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建而成。
作为一个优选的实施例,矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:100份金属尾矿砂、2份植物凋落物、1份秸秆生物炭、以及1份耐性植物种子;
结皮层为具有金属尾矿湿地耐性的藻类/苔藓类生物结皮层,且结皮层的厚度为0.2-1cm。
耐性植物种子为重金属耐性植物种子,可选自莎草种子、节节草种子、马尾松种子(乔木)、豆科的翅荚决明种子(灌木)中的一种或多种,所以,不同的尾矿库选用不同组合的种子,藻类、苔藓构成低等植物演替,莎草和马尾松等构成高等植物演替,这样就可以实现高等和低等植物一体化生态演替,比较适合尾矿这种生存环境。
实施例2
实施例1的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯的构建方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、矿质基体构筑
采集金属尾矿砂,并将耐性植物种子、秸秆生物炭、植物凋落物、金属尾矿砂按比例混合均匀,然后将混合物放入模型框架内加水浸润,抚育1-2周得到矿质基体;
S2、BG11培养基配制
选取经典的BG11藻类培养基(pH 7.4),详细配方如下表所示:
编号 | 培养基成分 | 浓度g L<sup>-1</sup> |
1 | NaNO<sub>3</sub> | 1.5 |
2 | K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>3H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.04 |
3 | MgSO<sub>4</sub>7H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.075 |
4 | CaCl<sub>2</sub>2H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.036 |
5 | Citric acid(柠檬酸) | 0.006 |
6 | Ferric ammonium citrate | 0.006 |
7 | EDTA | 0.001 |
8 | Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> | 0.02 |
9 | Trace metal mix A5+Co* | 1mL L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.1 | H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub> | 2.86g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.2 | MnCl<sub>2</sub>4H<sub>2</sub>O | 1.81g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.3 | ZnSO<sub>4</sub>7H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.222g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.4 | Na<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>4</sub>2H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.390g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.5 | CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.079g L<sup>-1</sup> |
9.6 | Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>6H<sub>2</sub>O | 0.0494g L<sup>-1</sup> |
S3、优势微生物及生物结皮层培育
选取金属尾矿库湿地生长良好的藻结皮和苔藓结皮,取大小约1cm3的小块新鲜结皮样品加入500mL BG11培养基中,连续光照培养(光照培养的条件为25-30℃,15-20μmol光子m-2S-1)至培养液呈现明显绿色得到混合藻液;将混合藻液均匀喷洒于抚育完成的矿质基体表面,15-30天即可形成约0.2-1cm厚结皮层,即得金属尾矿库修复的生态毯。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,其特征在于,包括矿质基体和其表面的生物结皮层,其中,
所述矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:80~120份金属尾矿砂、1~5份植物凋落物、0.5~3份秸秆生物炭、以及0.5~3份耐性植物种子;
所述生物结皮层为金属尾矿库生长的丝状藻和球形藻为主体的混合藻液构建而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,其特征在于,所述矿质基体包括如下重量份的组分:100份金属尾矿砂、2份植物凋落物、1份秸秆生物炭、以及1份耐性植物种子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,其特征在于,所述结皮层的厚度为0.2-1cm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,其特征在于,所述耐性植物种子为重金属耐性植物种子,包括莎草种子、节节草种子、马尾松种子、翅荚决明种子中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯,其特征在于,所述生物结皮层为丝状藻和球形藻经过BG11藻类培养基培养获得。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯的构建方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、矿质基体构筑
采集金属尾矿砂,并将耐性植物种子、秸秆生物炭、植物凋落物、金属尾矿砂按比例混合均匀,然后将混合物放入模型框架内加水浸润,抚育1-2周得到矿质基体;
S2、BG11培养基配制
配置经典的BG11藻类培养基待用;
S3、优势微生物及生物结皮层培育
选取金属尾矿库湿地生长良好的藻结皮和苔藓结皮,取大小约1cm3的小块新鲜结皮样品加入500mL BG11培养基中,连续光照培养至培养液呈现明显绿色得到混合藻液;将混合藻液均匀喷洒于抚育完成的矿质基体表面,15-30天即可形成约0.2-1cm厚的结皮层,即得金属尾矿库修复的生态毯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯的构建方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中光照培养的条件为25-30℃,15-20μmol光子m-2S-1。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010051098.9A CN111248077A (zh) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | 一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010051098.9A CN111248077A (zh) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | 一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111248077A true CN111248077A (zh) | 2020-06-09 |
Family
ID=70944037
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010051098.9A Pending CN111248077A (zh) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | 一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111248077A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115843485A (zh) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-28 | 国能宝日希勒能源有限公司 | 铁尾矿基质的生物改良方法及应用 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102613065A (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | 一种利用混合藻类构建人工藻结皮的方法 |
CN102668835A (zh) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | 用于北方地区冶金尾矿坝的植被恢复方法 |
CN102907224A (zh) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 中南大学 | 一种促进植物和微生物在尾矿区生长和繁殖的方法 |
CN103143559A (zh) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 艾特克控股集团有限公司 | 一种修复重金属污染土壤的方法 |
CN105689373A (zh) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 井冈山大学 | 一种铜尾矿的草-苔藓-藻类联合修复技术 |
CN108326023A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 中山大学 | 翅荚决明和生物炭联合修复尾矿库的方法 |
CN109092882A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-28 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | 利用生物及碳化材料的复合污染土壤原位生态修复方法 |
CN109673407A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-26 | 朱乐天 | 矿砂无土营养基及有色金属尾矿库闭库生态的修复方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010051098.9A patent/CN111248077A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102613065A (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | 一种利用混合藻类构建人工藻结皮的方法 |
CN102668835A (zh) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | 用于北方地区冶金尾矿坝的植被恢复方法 |
CN102907224A (zh) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 中南大学 | 一种促进植物和微生物在尾矿区生长和繁殖的方法 |
CN103143559A (zh) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 艾特克控股集团有限公司 | 一种修复重金属污染土壤的方法 |
CN105689373A (zh) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 井冈山大学 | 一种铜尾矿的草-苔藓-藻类联合修复技术 |
CN108326023A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 中山大学 | 翅荚决明和生物炭联合修复尾矿库的方法 |
CN109092882A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-28 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | 利用生物及碳化材料的复合污染土壤原位生态修复方法 |
CN109673407A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-26 | 朱乐天 | 矿砂无土营养基及有色金属尾矿库闭库生态的修复方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115843485A (zh) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-28 | 国能宝日希勒能源有限公司 | 铁尾矿基质的生物改良方法及应用 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107971334B (zh) | 一种多塘-藻水循环灌溉修复污染土壤的系统 | |
CN101298563A (zh) | 重度苏打型盐碱地植树造林的土壤生物改良剂及植树方法 | |
CN102513340B (zh) | 一种修复重金属镉污染土壤的方法 | |
CN110624949B (zh) | 利用土著微生物和植物联合修复磷矿废弃地过量磷污染的方法 | |
CN103785679B (zh) | 一种提高铜污染土壤的植物修复效率的方法 | |
CN107182509B (zh) | 一种利用复合微生物促进盐碱贫瘠土壤有机化的方法 | |
CN101940147A (zh) | 用于改良盐碱地的杨树的育植方法 | |
Teng et al. | Influences of application of slow-release nano-fertilizer on green pepper growth, soil nutrients and enzyme activity | |
CN109894470A (zh) | 一种矿山土壤生态修复方法 | |
CN110720371A (zh) | 一种煤气化固态渣复绿沙地的方法 | |
CN111264370A (zh) | 一种尾矿库修复生态毯的生产系统及生产方法 | |
CN114836325A (zh) | 一种提升盐碱土速效磷含量的藻菌复合修复液及应用 | |
CN108246798A (zh) | 利用喷播技术修复重金属污染土壤的方法 | |
CN111248077A (zh) | 一种用于金属尾矿库修复的生态毯及其构建方法 | |
CN108085015A (zh) | 底泥重金属钝化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN107567744A (zh) | 一种温室土壤次生盐渍化的防治方法 | |
CN102085528A (zh) | 一种利用观赏植物花环菊修复镉污染土壤的方法 | |
CN111218417A (zh) | 一种提高水肥保持效果的藻菌混合制剂及应用 | |
CN113817637B (zh) | 色球藻在修复酸化硝酸盐污染耕作土壤中的应用 | |
CN113906854B (zh) | 一种利用人工复合生物结皮治理干旱区盐碱地的方法 | |
CN105777426B (zh) | 一种用于园林的生态型土壤改性剂 | |
CN108522160A (zh) | 一种碱性盐化条件下粘土矿物减少蔬菜中镉的种植方法 | |
CN113560333A (zh) | 一种离子型稀土尾砂矿土壤的修复方法 | |
CN103752595A (zh) | 一种利用钾肥强化叶用红菾菜修复镉污染土壤的方法 | |
CN113207567A (zh) | 一种油莎豆和植物根内根孢囊霉共生生长及霉活力测定的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200609 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |