CN111245532A - Channel monitoring node equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a channel monitoring node device, which comprises a channel monitoring node device host, wherein the channel monitoring node device host is connected with a vehicle-mounted antenna through a feeder; the network port of the channel monitoring node equipment host is in communication connection with an Ethernet switch through a network cable; the Ethernet switch is connected with an upper computer with a built-in interface module and an equipment management module through a network port; the channel monitoring node equipment host comprises an FPGA and a power supply for supplying power to the host, the FPGA is in communication connection with a memory and an ARM, and the ARM is in communication connection with a frequency synthesizer, a frequency conversion processing module, a preselector and a digital processing module through a 485 bus; the digital processing module is connected to the ARM through parallel bus communication; the ARM is also in communication connection with the SDRAM and the flash through a parallel bus; the channel monitoring node equipment adopts a digital hardware platform and a large dynamic linear receiving technology to monitor the channel, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high linearity, large dynamic range and quick scanning capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a channel monitoring node device, and belongs to the technical field of channel monitoring.
Background
The channel monitoring node equipment is used for a signal spectrum data acquisition function, can analyze, calculate and store acquired spectrum data, and mainly realizes search, monitoring and analysis of wireless signals, evaluation and prediction of wireless networking states and the like; the method provides basic data of a real-time electromagnetic environment for field operation and maintenance guarantee of communication equipment in wartime and peacetime, can ensure that an operator can efficiently develop maintenance guarantee and training activities in real time, and guides the operator to take proper technical countermeasures and guarantee the safety of the operator under various electromagnetic interference conditions, and in the prior art, no channel monitoring node equipment capable of rapidly scanning and processing surrounding channels exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a channel monitoring node device which has a wireless signal spectrum data acquisition function and can analyze, calculate and store acquired spectrum data; the data support can be provided for the network management module to complete the functions of frequency planning, electromagnetic situation display, interference search, radio frequency diagnosis of wireless equipment, signal monitoring and the like; the monitored frequency range covers the primary wireless communication device operating frequency.
The channel monitoring node equipment comprises a channel monitoring node equipment host, wherein the channel monitoring node equipment host is connected with a vehicle-mounted antenna through a feeder line; the network port of the channel monitoring node equipment host is in communication connection with an Ethernet switch through a network cable; the Ethernet switch is connected with a communication module with a built-in interface module and an equipment management module through a network port; the communication module is in communication connection with the upper computer; the working mode can be switched according to the requirements of system functions, space electromagnetic waves are received through the antenna, space electromagnetic spectrum detection is carried out, and collection of electromagnetic spectrum data of a wireless channel is completed, wherein the collection comprises electromagnetic parameters such as wireless signal frequency spectrums, wireless signal level intensity and the like. Powerful data support is provided for electromagnetic spectrum situation analysis and calculation, the analysis and processing functions of original data are realized through module interface calling, and the data are uploaded through a network port in a dynamic link library mode.
Furthermore, the channel monitoring node equipment host comprises an FPGA and a power supply for supplying power to the host, the FPGA is in communication connection with a memory and an ARM, and the ARM is in communication connection with a frequency synthesizer, a frequency conversion processing module, a preselector and a digital processing module through a 485 bus; the digital processing module is connected to the ARM through parallel bus communication; the ARM is also in communication connection with the SDRAM and the flash through a parallel bus; the ARM is also in communication connection with a network port, a USB interface and a 232 interface;
the power supply comprises an EMI filter, a rectifying circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, an output filter circuit and a reverse protection circuit which are connected in sequence; the DC/DC conversion circuit is electrically connected with a PWM (pulse-width modulation) circuit; the input end and the feedback section of the PWM modulation circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply and the feedback control module;
the preselector comprises a protection circuit connected with an output port of the vehicle-mounted antenna, a switch filtering amplification circuit connected with the protection circuit, and a preselection controller communicated with the protection circuit and the switch filtering amplification circuit, wherein the preselection controller is communicated with the ARM through a 485 bus;
the frequency conversion processing module comprises a front-end filter, a first intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, a filter, a second intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, an intermediate frequency AGC, a filter, a third intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier and a filter which are connected in sequence; local oscillation signal ends of the first intermediate frequency mixer, the second intermediate frequency mixer and the third intermediate frequency mixer are connected to a frequency synthesizer; the frequency synthesizer comprises a first local oscillator, a second local oscillator and a third local oscillator; the first local oscillator, the second local oscillator and the third local oscillator are formed by sequentially connecting a phase-locked integrated circuit, a VCO, a loop filter and an amplifier;
the digital processing module comprises two radio frequency sockets which are respectively and electrically connected with the logarithm detection module and the VGA module through an alternative switch; the VGA module is respectively and electrically connected with the radio frequency output socket and the ADc module; the logarithm detection module is electrically connected with the DSP module; the DSP module and the ADc module are electrically connected to the FPGA, and the DSP module is electrically connected to the eprom; the FPGA is electrically connected to the VGA module adjusting end through the DAC module; the FPGA is in communication connection with a control end of the alternative switch; the FPGA is in communication connection with a bus bar socket through a 485 bus; the bus board socket is electrically connected with an access power supply; the FPGA is respectively and electrically connected with the voice output module and the spectrum display output module through the DAC module and the direct output; the voice output module and the spectrum display output module are connected to a main control panel socket by adopting digital intermediate frequency output; the FPGA outputs the digital intermediate frequency to a rear panel socket; the DSP module is connected to a rear panel socket through RS232 communication; and the rear panel socket is also provided with an FPGA configuration module.
Further, the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises an input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit, and a wide-range input DC/DC power module, a 5V DC/DC power module, a 12V DC/DC power module, a 24V DC/DC power module and a-5V DC/DC power module which are electrically connected with the input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit.
Furthermore, the system of the channel monitoring node monitoring host comprises a single-frequency measurement function module, wherein the single-frequency measurement function module is used for receiving a network control instruction, analyzing the rationality of the network control instruction, returning electromagnetic spectrum data or I/Q data acquired from the equipment digital processing module, detected equipment fault types, a result of whether the business IP address is successfully modified, a result of analyzed data rationality analysis and data, and communicating with the network port control function module, and is used for measuring a known single frequency point, acquiring the I/Q data or the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency point from the digital processing module, and packaging and subpackaging the acquired data; and communicate with network port control function module, is used for scanning all frequency in a certain frequency band according to the intermediate frequency bandwidth, obtain all electromagnetic spectrum data in the frequency band from the digital processing module, and carry on the digital scanning function module that the packet, packet process the data gathered; the network interface control function module is used for scanning the frequency in a certain frequency band according to a set step frequency as a frequency conversion interval, acquiring corresponding electromagnetic spectrum data from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the frequency band scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, setting a plurality of frequency points, scanning the frequency points one by one, acquiring the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency points from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the discrete scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, detecting whether the hardware module of the equipment has a fault, actively reporting the fault type to the equipment management module, and simultaneously supporting the equipment management module to actively perform fault query; and the level precision calibration module is communicated with the network port control function module and is used for realizing the level value calibration of the large signal and the small signal, so that the level precision output by the equipment is higher, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
Furthermore, the system of the upper computer comprises a main frame and a basic module, wherein the main frame and the basic module are used for instantiating objects of each module and completing each function through the objects; the network equipment control module is used for realizing the communication between the interface module and the equipment host, mainly finishing the collection of data, the conversion of protocols and the preprocessing of the data, and distributing the data to the main frame and the basic module; and the function of data storage and reading is realized by accessing the database; the frequency planning of the communication network is completed in an auxiliary manner by analyzing the historical frequency spectrum and combining the parameters of the communication equipment; analyzing and predicting the communication effect of the system through EMC analysis; the diagnosis and analysis functions of the radio frequency part of the local equipment are finished through comparison and judgment of the frequency spectrum data; the frequency spectrum monitoring and management planning auxiliary module is used for calculating frequency spectrum data through the corrected models of channel fading and the like to finish generation of frequency spectrum situation data; and the calling mode is used for providing instructions for the operator, and the calling mode is an external interface of the dynamic link library.
Compared with the prior art, the channel monitoring node equipment adopts a digital hardware platform and a large dynamic linear receiving technology to monitor the channel, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high linearity, large dynamic range and quick scanning capability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frequency planning aid decision function implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a full-band electromagnetic spectrum situation function implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interference pattern recognition and interference frequency search function implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal monitoring function implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the radio frequency (transmitting) part of the diagnostic function of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the data storage and playback function implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel monitoring node device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a signal analysis flow structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of the preselector composition of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of the frequency conversion processing module of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a frequency synthesizer of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a hardware composition and basic functional block diagram of the digital processing module of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a digital signal processing flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a basic functional block diagram of the master controller of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the AC/DC power supply of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a block diagram of a DC/DC power supply of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the embedded system components and data flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a functional mapping relationship between an embedded main control system and an upper computer system according to the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the upper computer system composition architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a block diagram of the calculation of the unavailable use frequency band according to the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a block diagram of the frequency planning rationality judgment of the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic spectrum situational awareness implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a graph of the full band electromagnetic spectrum of the present invention.
Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication equipment connectivity analysis of the present invention.
Figure 25 is a diagram of an interference finding software implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of data storage and playback of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The channel monitoring node equipment has various monitoring and auxiliary computing functions; the basic functions can be completed locally, and for the display of a full-region electromagnetic spectrum situation map, the multi-site electromagnetic spectrum data information is collected and must be completed through networking of each monitoring node; the display function of the electromagnetic spectrum situation map of the whole region is specifically introduced as follows:
1) as shown in fig. 1, the frequency planning aid decision function is utilized to improve the rationality of the frequency planning of the wireless communication system; by monitoring the space electromagnetic spectrum, the used frequency and the interference frequency can be extracted, and basic data of an unavailable frequency range is provided for a network management module. And the frequency planning can be finished according to the basic data and the down-sending frequency band provided by the equipment. Meanwhile, an interface module can be called through a network control instruction, the planned frequency table is transmitted to the interface module, the interface module calculates frequency points with interference in the planned frequency table by using a channel fading model, harmonic interference and other related algorithms according to the topological structure, the networking mode, terrain information, communication equipment parameters, frequency spectrum data and other information of the communication system, and uploads analysis result data to further optimize frequency planning so as to complete a frequency planning aid decision-making function.
2) Displaying an electromagnetic spectrum situation map of a full frequency band and a full region by utilizing an electromagnetic spectrum situation sensing function, which is concretely as follows;
as shown in fig. 2, a full-band electromagnetic spectrum situation diagram main channel monitoring device detects an electromagnetic spectrum in a set frequency range in real time at a corresponding site, and the obtained electromagnetic spectrum changes with time; the acquisition range of the equipment detection frequency can be set through a network control instruction, and detected electromagnetic spectrum situation data are uploaded through an interface module, so that a data basis is provided for display of an electromagnetic spectrum situation map. The full-band electromagnetic spectrum situation map can be formed by analyzing and processing the electromagnetic spectrum situation data, and the real-time state of the electromagnetic spectrum in the set frequency band range can be visually seen from the full-band electromagnetic spectrum situation map.
As shown in fig. 3, a situation diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum of the whole region shows the situation that the electromagnetic spectrum of a single frequency point changes with time in the whole combat area where the electromagnetic spectrum of the whole region is located; and calling the interface module through a network control instruction, analyzing and calculating the electromagnetic spectrum in the combat area, and feeding back data obtained by analysis and calculation through a network port to provide a data basis for the electromagnetic spectrum situation map of the whole area. Through data analysis and processing, the electromagnetic spectrum situation of the corresponding station (coordinate point) can be displayed on the battle map. Electromagnetic spectrum situation in a large range can be obtained through a large number of point selection monitoring; by utilizing the functions of frequency measurement, level measurement, analog demodulation, energy judgment, signal identification and the like of the channel monitoring node equipment, the functions of interference mode identification, interference frequency search, signal monitoring and the like can be realized; the method comprises the following steps that identification and frequency search of space electromagnetic interference can be achieved under the control of a network control instruction, in the process, the network control instruction calls an interface module, the interface module carries out frequency detection and signal identification on interference signals existing in the space according to a frequency spectrum data template (namely, the maximum level values corresponding to all frequency points in a monitoring frequency band range) collected before warfare and working frequency used by system communication equipment, the identified interference signal interference mode and interference frequency are transmitted out through a network port in a data mode, the interference signal data transmitted out through the network port are analyzed and processed, the interference signals can be displayed on a display, and the interference frequency and the interference mode can be visually seen; and the interference mode identification and the interference frequency search are realized.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5; the realization of the signal monitoring function mainly depends on a network control instruction to call an interface module, the interface module controls a device host to carry out rapid scanning, if abnormal signal fluctuation is found, abnormal signal data are immediately transmitted out through a network port and stored in a database, and meanwhile, the signal is monitored by utilizing a demodulation function; the function of diagnosing the radio frequency part of the wireless communication equipment is realized by utilizing the waveform comparison and data analysis capability of the channel monitoring node equipment; in order to realize the diagnostic function of the radio frequency (transmitting) part of the wireless equipment, a database is firstly established, and relevant parameters of all tested equipment in normal work are recorded in the database; in the diagnosis process, the tested equipment is in a transmitting state, then the interface module is called through a network control instruction to control the host to acquire the real-time electromagnetic spectrum information of the tested equipment, and the comparison and analysis are carried out by combining the relevant parameters of the wireless equipment in the database when the wireless equipment normally works, so that whether the radio frequency (transmitting) part of the tested wireless communication equipment normally works can be judged.
As shown in fig. 6, during wartime, the interface module may be called through a network control instruction, and the interface module stores the real-time spectrum data in the system database for calling after wartime; after a war, the stored frequency spectrum data can be called out for playback through a network control instruction, so that the characteristics of the wartime frequency spectrum data can be analyzed conveniently. The data storage and playback function is implemented in detail.
The channel monitoring node device shown in fig. 7 is composed of a host and software, wherein the host has high-speed original data acquisition and processing capabilities and performs data interaction with a computer through a network port; the software has a data analysis and processing function; the passive wireless signal receiving function is realized, and the battlefield electromagnetic environment analysis function can be realized when the radio is silent; the scanning speed is high, the automation degree is high, and the data is real and credible; the device has various intermediate frequency bandwidths, and meets the monitoring of different signal strengths; the wireless signal acquisition, analysis, comparison, judgment and other capabilities are realized; the auxiliary computing function can be provided for network frequency planning according to the network topology, networking mode, terrain information, equipment parameters and the like of the system; the system supplements and corrects the channel fading model through a large number of real environment experiments, and has the EMC analysis capability on the frequency band where the communication equipment is located; the method comprises the following specific steps: the system comprises a channel monitoring node device host, wherein the channel monitoring node device host is connected with a vehicle-mounted antenna through a feeder line; the network port of the channel monitoring node equipment host is in communication connection with an Ethernet switch through a network cable; the Ethernet switch is connected with an upper computer with a built-in interface module and an equipment management module through a network port; data exchange is carried out with the network management module and the interface module through the network port; the frequency range monitored by the channel monitoring node equipment is 1 MHz-3.5 GHz, and the channel monitoring node equipment can cover the working frequency bands of wireless communication equipment such as a dual-band radio station, an ultrashort wave radio station, a high-speed radio station, a Beidou vehicle-mounted dual-mode all-in-one machine and the like in a conventional communication system, and specifically works as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, after the wireless signal in the space is received from the antenna, the wireless signal firstly passes through a limiter to perform large signal protection on the device and enters a preselector unit; the preselector unit mainly comprises microwave devices such as a low-noise amplifier, a low-insertion-loss radio frequency switch, a low-insertion-loss filter and the like, and is used for selectively filtering and amplifying low noise of signals received from an antenna; the frequency conversion processing module mainly comprises devices such as a broadband high-linearity frequency mixer, a linear amplifier, a high-rectangular-coefficient intermediate frequency filter and the like, and mainly completes linear frequency conversion, selective filtering and linear amplification output of monitoring signals; the intermediate frequency signals after the third frequency conversion are sent to a digital processing module for digital sampling, AD conversion and digital down conversion, and frequency spectrum data and demodulation information are output after Fourier conversion and demodulation; the main controller adopts an ARM architecture and completes control and information interaction of the preselector module and the variable frequency processing module through the universal 485 bus controller.
As shown in fig. 9, the preselector includes a protection circuit connected to the output port of the vehicle-mounted antenna, a switching filter amplifier circuit connected to the protection circuit, and a preselection controller in communication with the protection circuit and the switching filter amplifier circuit, and the preselection controller is communicatively connected to the ARM through a 485 bus; the pre-selector module is positioned at the foremost end of the receiving assembly and is connected with the output port of the vehicle-mounted antenna; the preselector consists of a protection circuit, a switch filtering amplification circuit and a preselector control circuit, and mainly provides three functions of large signal protection, selective filtering and low noise amplification, and provides about 15dB gain; the preselector provides gain for weak signals to improve the sensitivity of the monitoring receiver and attenuation for strong signals to avoid exceeding the linear range of the monitoring receiver; the full-band input signal is provided with a selective filtering capability high enough to filter out unwanted signals and extract signals of interest to the operator.
As shown in fig. 9, it can be seen from the block diagram of the preselector that the selective filtering of the preselector is roughly divided into four frequency bands; the frequency band 2 is subdivided into four sub-frequency bands, and the frequency band 4 is divided into 2 sub-frequency bands; the selection of each sub-frequency band of the preselector can be controlled by the preselector control module.
1) Frequency band 1: 1 MHz-20 MHz;
2) frequency band 2: 20-1000 MHz;
20～70MHz；70～200MHz；200～560MHz；560～1000MHz。
3) frequency band 3: 1000-1500 MHz;
4) and frequency band 4: 1500-3500 MHz;
1500～2300MHz；2300～3500MHz。
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the frequency conversion processing module includes a front-end filter, a first intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, a filter, a second intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, an intermediate frequency AGC, a filter, a third intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, and a filter, which are connected in sequence; local oscillation signal ends of the first intermediate frequency mixer, the second intermediate frequency mixer and the third intermediate frequency mixer are connected to a frequency synthesizer; the frequency synthesizer comprises a first local oscillator, a second local oscillator and a third local oscillator; the first local oscillator, the second local oscillator and the third local oscillator are formed by sequentially connecting a phase-locked integrated circuit, a VCO, a loop filter and an amplifier and mainly provide local oscillator signals for frequency mixing for a receiver; the frequency conversion processing module is used as a radio frequency front-end circuit and mainly completes the frequency conversion and amplification functions of received signals; in consideration of the suppression of the image frequency and the control of the relative working bandwidth of a local oscillator, the equipment adopts a scheme of high-intermediate frequency and triple frequency conversion to provide about 35dB gain; a first intermediate frequency of 4470MHz, a second intermediate frequency of 470MHz, and a third intermediate frequency of 70 MHz;
its input level range: -107dBm to 7 dBm; output level: -72dBm to 10 dBm; and intermediate frequency AGC control range: 0dB to 30dB (step by 1 dB); frequency conversion gain of the frequency conversion processing module: 35 +/-2 dB; third-order intermodulation suppression: when two constant-amplitude power receiving signals with a distance of 5MHz are input and the total output power is 0dBm, outputting third-order intermodulation components which are at least 45dB lower than the fundamental power; and (3) medium-frequency harmonic suppression: greater than 30 dB; image frequency suppression: greater than 70 dB; frequency conversion processing module consumption: less than 3W.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the digital processing module includes two rf sockets, and the two rf sockets are electrically connected to the log detection module and the VGA module through an alternative switch respectively; the VGA module is respectively and electrically connected with the radio frequency output socket and the ADc module; the logarithm detection module is electrically connected with the DSP module; the DSP module and the ADc module are electrically connected to the FPGA, and the DSP module is electrically connected to the eprom; the FPGA is electrically connected to the VGA module adjusting end through the DAC module; the FPGA is in communication connection with a control end of the alternative switch; the FPGA is in communication connection with a bus bar socket through a 485 bus; the bus board socket is electrically connected with an access power supply; the FPGA is respectively and electrically connected with the voice output module and the spectrum display output module through the DAC module and the direct output; the voice output module and the spectrum display output module are connected to a main control panel socket by adopting digital intermediate frequency output; the FPGA outputs the digital intermediate frequency to a rear panel socket; the DSP module is connected to a rear panel socket through RS232 communication; the rear panel socket is also provided with an FPGA configuration module; the digital processing module mainly provides a function of converting the analog intermediate frequency signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal and outputting the digital intermediate frequency signal; the main design requirements of the module are as follows: the demodulation sensitivity is high, the demodulation dynamic range is large, the demodulation can be carried out quickly, and the conversion precision is high;
1) the invention adopts software radio technology, complex algorithms such as identification of signal modulation mode are completed by DSP software, and down conversion and demodulation require real-time processing function to be completed by FPGA. The central frequency and the bandwidth of the signal are identified by adopting a signal processing algorithm, the central frequency of a digital NCO in the FPGA is further set to finish the orthogonal down-conversion of the signal, the cut-off frequency of a digital low-pass filter is flexibly set according to the bandwidth of the signal to finish the filtering of the signal, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is improved. The DSP automatically identifies the modulation mode of the signal and the related signal parameters thereof, then sets the related parameters of the FPGA, and demodulates the signal by adopting a proper demodulation mode. The digital signal flow diagram is shown in fig. 13.
2) The suppression of the image signal in the orthogonal frequency mixing receiver is realized by adopting a complex filter, the pressure of the front-end radio frequency circuit on the attenuation of the image signal is reduced, and the complexity of the receiver is reduced. In a quadrature hybrid receiver scheme, when radio frequency signals (including a desired signal and an image frequency signal) are mixed down to a low intermediate frequency to form two I/Q signals, the desired signal and the image frequency signal are represented by the same frequency but opposite phases, and the frequency distribution thereof is equivalent to one being a positive frequency and one being a negative frequency on a complex plane. If a complex filter with different positive and negative frequency responses is adopted, a useful signal can be amplified and an image signal can be filtered, a better image frequency suppression degree can be obtained in broadband communication, and intermodulation interference falling in a negative frequency region can be suppressed; the design ensures that the probability of false response can be reduced.
3) The large dynamic range of the received signal is realized by the intermediate frequency AGC, the high bit wide band ADC and the digital AGC in the FPGA together. If the speech definition of the speech signal demodulated from the FPGA needs to be further improved, filtering and amplitude limiting are carried out on external noise except human speech in the sampling information through a speech noise reduction enhancement algorithm in the DSP or the FPGA, so that the signal-to-noise ratio in the speech signal is improved, and then a speech analog signal is formed through digital-to-analog conversion, so that the purpose of improving the speech quality is achieved;
4) the communication with the external interface and the control signal is completed by the peripheral interface rich in DSP.
As shown in fig. 14, the channel monitoring node device host includes an FPGA and a power supply for supplying power to the host, the FPGA is communicatively connected with a memory and an ARM, and the ARM is communicatively connected with a frequency synthesizer, a frequency conversion processing module, a preselector and a digital processing module through a 485 bus; the digital processing module is connected to the ARM through parallel bus communication; the ARM is also in communication connection with the SDRAM and the flash through a parallel bus; the ARM is also in communication connection with a network port, a USB interface and a 232 interface; the main controller (ARM S3C2410X) mainly completes internal control and external connection; the inside of the equipment mainly adopts a parallel control mode, the digital connection between the equipment and the outside can adopt a serial-parallel combination mode, and the equipment also has the function of storing and forwarding control commands; the main control objects are as follows;
1) each module in the machine is controlled by adopting a bus mode, and the controlled objects comprise: the device comprises a digital processing module, a frequency synthesis module, a preselector module and a frequency conversion processing module.
2) The main detection objects are: and detecting the temperature in the machine, the battery voltage and the working state of each module.
3) The main functions implemented are: full-band automatic frequency band scanning, in-band scanning, manual dot frequency scanning, setting of modulation modes (FM, AM, PULSE, CW, USB, LSB and IQ), data unloading and data interaction with a computer.
Interface definition: RS232 interface, USB interface, 100M Ethernet interface, analog audio interface, power interface, digital signal processing data interface and 485 bus interface.
As shown in fig. 15, the power supply includes an EMI filter, a rectifier circuit, a DC/DC converter circuit, an output filter circuit, and a reverse protection circuit, which are connected in sequence; the DC/DC conversion circuit is electrically connected with a PWM (pulse-width modulation) circuit; the input end and the feedback section of the PWM modulation circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply and the feedback control module; the commercial power input is subjected to EMI filtering and rectification filtering to obtain high-voltage direct-current voltage, one path of the voltage is converted into +12V direct-current voltage through an auxiliary power supply to supply power to a PWM modulation power supply, the other path of the voltage is input into a DC/DC conversion unit and is converted into required low voltage through a converter, the voltage is output into direct-current voltage after being output and filtered, and the voltage is stabilized through feedback control, so that the output is stable 16.8V direct-current voltage.
As shown in fig. 16, the DC/DC conversion circuit includes an input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit, and a wide-range input DC/DC power module electrically connected to the input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit, a 5V DC/DC power module, a 12V DC/DC power module, a 24V DC/DC power module, and a-5V DC/DC power module, and the working process is as follows; an external 10-30V direct-current voltage enters a power panel through an XS1 input socket, then passes through a power supply input polarity reverse connection protection circuit (wherein, F and F0 are self-recovery fuses and are used in parallel) formed by F and V1 and is sent to an input port of each power module, different output voltages are generated by each power module, and the output voltages are respectively filtered and used by each circuit of the whole machine. The power modules used in the machine have the functions of output overvoltage and output overcurrent protection. The working principle of the power supply input polarity reverse connection protection circuit is as follows: when the positive and negative polarities of the external supply direct current power supply are reversely connected, the V1 is conducted in the positive direction, and when the input current value exceeds the rated value of the self-recovery fuse F, the original conduction state of the F is changed into a high-resistance state, so that the input ports of all power supply modules are protected; when the positive and negative polarities of the external supply direct current power supply are correctly communicated, the power supply input circuit automatically delays and restores to a normal working state.
The channel monitoring node equipment of the invention needs to be loaded with an embedded main control system during working; the embedded main control system adopts a modular system architecture design and is packaged into corresponding modules according to functions; the embedded main control system consists of functional modules such as network port control, single-frequency measurement, digital scanning, frequency band scanning, discrete scanning, USB storage, fault detection, level precision calibration and the like; the functional modules of the embedded main control system can complete the functions of software connection with a command system, acquisition of I/Q data and electromagnetic spectrum data, uploading of the I/Q data and the electromagnetic spectrum data, inquiry of whether equipment has faults or not, fault types and the like; the concrete steps are as follows;
the network control system comprises a network port control function module and a single frequency measurement function module, wherein the network port control function module is used for receiving a network control instruction, analyzing the rationality of the network control instruction, returning electromagnetic spectrum data or I/Q data acquired from an equipment digital processing module, detected equipment fault types, results of whether a service IP address is modified successfully, analyzed results of data rationality analysis and data, and communicating with the network port control function module, and is used for measuring a known single frequency point, acquiring the I/Q data or the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency point from the digital processing module, and packaging and subpackaging the acquired data; and communicate with network port control function module, is used for scanning all frequency in a certain frequency band according to the intermediate frequency bandwidth, obtain all electromagnetic spectrum data in the frequency band from the digital processing module, and carry on the digital scanning function module that the packet, packet process the data gathered; the network interface control function module is used for scanning the frequency in a certain frequency band according to a set step frequency as a frequency conversion interval, acquiring corresponding electromagnetic spectrum data from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the frequency band scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, setting a plurality of frequency points, scanning the frequency points one by one, acquiring the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency points from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the discrete scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, detecting whether the hardware module of the equipment has a fault, actively reporting the fault type to the equipment management module, and simultaneously supporting the equipment management module to actively perform fault query; the level precision calibration module is communicated with the network port control function module and is used for realizing the level value calibration of the large signal and the small signal, so that the level precision output by the equipment is higher, and the measurement accuracy is improved; the function mapping of the embedded main control system is as follows;
the embedded main control system performs data interaction with the interface module and the equipment management module through the Ethernet and provides data support for realizing corresponding functions of an upper computer system; the embedded main control system reports the data acquired from the equipment to an upper computer system for analysis and processing, and simultaneously reports the results of whether the equipment fault type and the service IP address are successfully modified to an equipment management module; the network port control function consists of network receiving, analyzing, data sending and IP modifying functions; the scanning mode comprises a single-frequency measurement mode, a digital scanning mode, a frequency band scanning mode and a discrete scanning mode; fig. 18 shows a functional mapping relationship between the embedded main control system and the upper computer system.
As shown in fig. 19, the system of the upper computer includes a main frame and a basic module for instantiating objects of each module and completing each function through the objects; the network equipment control module is used for realizing the communication between the interface module and the equipment host, mainly finishing the collection of data, the conversion of protocols and the preprocessing of the data, and distributing the data to the main frame and the basic module; and the function of data storage and reading is realized by accessing the database; the frequency planning of the communication network is completed in an auxiliary manner by analyzing the historical frequency spectrum and combining the parameters of the communication equipment; analyzing and predicting the communication effect of the system through EMC analysis; the diagnosis and analysis functions of the radio frequency part of the local equipment are finished through comparison and judgment of the frequency spectrum data; the frequency spectrum monitoring and management planning auxiliary module is used for calculating frequency spectrum data through the corrected models of channel fading and the like to finish generation of frequency spectrum situation data; and the calling mode is used for providing instructions for the operator, and the calling mode is an external interface of the dynamic link library.
The interface software calls historical frequency spectrum data of the database, and EMC analysis is carried out on the communication equipment by combining parameters and working states of the communication equipment and a channel fading model; wherein, the historical spectrum data can be read from a basic electromagnetic environment database; parameters and working states of the communication equipment can be determined after the communication equipment is deployed, and can also be read from an equipment database; the channel fading model needs to establish a mathematical formula and then is obtained through software calculation; the channel fading model obtaining method comprises the following steps: the channel fading model contains parameters such as frequency range, antenna height, terrain and environmental factors. The communication equipment in the system has different working frequency bands, and the fading models are different. We correct the parameters of the original conventional channel fading formula by a large number of similar practical environment test examples, and re-fit the curve, thereby giving the following empirical formula:
when 1 < f < 30 MHz:
Lm＝147.15+18.93lg f-6.68g(hte)-a(hre)+[44.9-6.55lg(hte)]lg d
a(hre)＝(1.1lg f-0.7)hre-(1.56lg f-0.8)dB
when f is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 400 MHz:
Lm＝69.55+26.16lg f-13.82lg(hte)-a(hre)+[44.9-6.55lg(hte)]lg d
a(hre)＝8.29(lg1.54hre)2-1.1dB
when f is more than or equal to 400 MHz:
Lm＝69.55+26.16lg f-13.82lg(hte)-a(hre)+[44.9-6.55lg(hte)]lg d
a(hre)＝3.2(lg11.75hre)2-4.97dB
in the formula LmIs the path loss (unit: dB); f is the working frequency; h isteIs the effective height of the transmitting antenna; h isreIs the effective height of the receiving antenna; d is the propagation distance between transmission and reception; a (h)re) To receive an altitude correction factor; after the channel fading model is established, the signal strength of the receiving end of the communication equipment can be calculated through the communication parameters and the working state of the communication equipment, and whether the equipment can normally communicate can be judged by combining the strength of noise or interference corresponding to the basic electromagnetic environment.
The upper computer system software schedules the channel monitoring node equipment to acquire wireless spectrum data, and provides a data base for various functions of the system; combining information such as a GIS map, a wireless signal transmission model and communication equipment parameters to complete five core functions of location electromagnetic situation perception, wireless communication equipment connectivity analysis, electromagnetic signal analysis, communication equipment layout and frequency planning and electromagnetic environment data storage and playback, wherein the five core functions are as follows;
1. as shown in fig. 20 and 21, the frequency planning aid decision function; the frequency use suggestion of each equipment of each communication network in the combat unit is realized, a frequency set suitable for equipment communication is distributed by deducting forbidden frequency, inter-network harmonic interference frequency and the like by utilizing a special electromagnetic fading model according to the electromagnetic environment of a combat region, the use parameters of the communication equipment and the communication network system distribution in the combat region, and the frequency use suggestion is provided for communication participation frequency assignment. By real-time spectrum monitoring and analysis, frequency equipment databases and environment databases of both the enemy and the my can be compared, the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of a combat region is evaluated, and communication frequency resource guarantee is provided for a combat unit of one party;
1) before frequency planning is carried out on system software of the multi-point frequency monitoring system, the node equipment can provide data information of used frequency bands in a space frequency spectrum for network management software by combining information such as basic electromagnetic spectrum environment, wireless equipment working parameters and the like in a database;
2) collecting space spectrum data by using node equipment, analyzing the collected space spectrum data by using software, analyzing the space spectrum occupation condition, and extracting a frequency band which cannot be used in frequency allocation by setting a certain threshold value;
3) in the process of frequency planning or after the planning is finished, a frequency table can be manually allocated; and by combining information such as frequency tables of various network systems, topological structures of the systems, networking modes, position information, equipment arrangement information, terrain information, communication equipment parameters, frequency spectrum data and the like and an EMC analysis algorithm, the rationality of frequency planning can be judged and suggestions can be provided.
In the frequency planning aid decision function, the electromagnetic spectrum environmental data acquisition mode comprises single channel monitoring acquisition and multi-node equipment networking acquisition; the electromagnetic environment data collected by the multiple node devices in a networking mode can provide electromagnetic environment data of different positions where communication equipment is located within a system range; the electromagnetic environment data collected by a single node device can only provide the electromagnetic environment data within the detection range of the local device. When frequency band analysis is carried out, single node equipment is used for acquiring electromagnetic environment data, only the electromagnetic environment data of a station where the equipment is located can be acquired, but the electromagnetic environment data of other stations cannot be acquired, so that a few frequency bands which cannot be used are possibly omitted in the frequency planning assistant decision-making calculation process, and the accuracy of frequency planning is influenced.
When EMC analysis is carried out, whether the wireless communication equipment can normally communicate can be calculated according to the fact that whether the local electromagnetic environment and the signal strength of the receiving end meet the receiving sensitivity or not. The method comprises the following steps that a plurality of node devices are networked to collect electromagnetic environment data of the wireless communication device at different stations, and the collected electromagnetic environment data are ensured to correspond to geographic positions; only local data are collected by a single node device, and electromagnetic environment data of other sites are calculated through a model; the node equipment utilizes the system communication network to carry out networking collection, so that the collection range can be enlarged, the collection of the real electromagnetic environment data of each command node is covered, and the EMC analysis accuracy is improved.
2. As shown in fig. 22 and 23, the electromagnetic spectrum situation awareness function: the system calls a channel monitoring node device to acquire full-band (or a certain preset frequency band) electromagnetic spectrum data by issuing a network control instruction, the software issues a command of acquiring the full-band spectrum data to embedded main control software through a network port, the embedded main control software controls a hardware module to sequentially acquire the electromagnetic spectrum data in the preset frequency band, the electromagnetic spectrum data are uploaded to the system software while being acquired, and the system software analyzes and processes the electromagnetic spectrum data and then displays the electromagnetic spectrum data; as shown in fig. 23, it is an electromagnetic spectrum situation perception functional effect display.
3. As shown in fig. 24, the wireless communication equipment connectivity analysis function: and comparing characteristic parameters by waveform comparison and data analysis and combining the acquired frequency spectrum data with working parameters of the communication equipment, judging whether the working state of the radio frequency part of the wireless communication equipment using the current frequency is normal or not, and obtaining a connectivity evaluation result of the wireless communication network by combining a wireless electromagnetic signal propagation model.
4. As shown in fig. 25, the electromagnetic signal analysis and interference search function: through signal analysis, parameters such as signal bandwidth, modulation mode, signal frequency and the like can be obtained, and the use condition of the communication equipment of the party can be known after the parameters are compared with the parameters of the equipment, and the parameters can also be used for analyzing the signals of enemies;
the multi-point frequency monitoring system has the functions of interference searching, signal identification and analysis monitoring. The interference searching function needs to acquire real-time spectrum data and historical spectrum data through interface software, compare the real-time spectrum data and the historical spectrum data with the working parameters of the equipment, and judge an interference signal. The interference signal is searched by adopting a triggering mode, and the report is carried out only when the set threshold is exceeded. The interference identification needs to collect original data, extract characteristic parameters after analysis, match with the characteristics of different interference modes, and calculate the interference mode, wherein the interference identification is as follows:
1) signal identification and classification based on characteristic parameters of the signal
Support vector machine optimal target decision function:
Cumm(r1,r2,…,rk)＝Cumm(s1,s2,…,sk)m＞2
2) interference searching needs to continuously acquire data for a period of time and perform calculation analysis; the signal analysis monitoring function requires software to call the demodulation function of the equipment, collect corresponding audio data, transmit the data out through the internet access, and analyze, process and play the data.
5. As shown in fig. 26, the electromagnetic environment data saving and playback function: the storage and playback of the data can be used for battle evaluation, and the using state of communication equipment in the battle process of one party can be known through the analysis of the frequency spectrum, so that data guarantee is provided for the subsequent battle command; the system supports the functions of storing and replaying wireless monitoring data, can store wartime frequency spectrum data and level data into a database, and can also convert the data in the memory into a corresponding format and import the data into the database so as to analyze the data after a wartime; the system monitoring data storage and playback function is completed by issuing a network control instruction through the network port and calling interface software; the wireless channel monitoring interface software acquires frequency spectrum data and level data from the equipment through the network port and stores the data in a database; when data needs to be played back, a network control instruction is issued through the network port to call the interface software to read the data stored in the database for playback and analysis;
the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A channel monitoring node device, characterized by: the system comprises a channel monitoring node device host, wherein the channel monitoring node device host is connected with a vehicle-mounted antenna through a feeder line; the network port of the channel monitoring node equipment host is in communication connection with an Ethernet switch through a network cable; the Ethernet switch is connected with an upper computer with a built-in interface module and an equipment management module through a network port.
2. The channel-monitoring node device of claim 1, wherein: the channel monitoring node equipment host comprises an FPGA and a power supply for supplying power to the host, the FPGA is in communication connection with a memory and an ARM, and the ARM is in communication connection with a frequency synthesizer, a frequency conversion processing module, a preselector and a digital processing module through a 485 bus; the digital processing module is connected to the ARM through parallel bus communication; the ARM is also in communication connection with the SDRAM and the flash through a parallel bus; the ARM is also in communication connection with a network port, a USB interface and a 232 interface;
the power supply comprises an EMI filter, a rectifying circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, an output filter circuit and a reverse protection circuit which are connected in sequence; the DC/DC conversion circuit is electrically connected with a PWM (pulse-width modulation) circuit; the input end and the feedback section of the PWM modulation circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply and the feedback control module;
the preselector comprises a protection circuit connected with an output port of the vehicle-mounted antenna, a switch filtering amplification circuit connected with the protection circuit, and a preselection controller communicated with the protection circuit and the switch filtering amplification circuit, wherein the preselection controller is communicated with the ARM through a 485 bus;
the frequency conversion processing module comprises a front-end filter, a first intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, a filter, a second intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier, an intermediate frequency AGC, a filter, a third intermediate frequency mixer, an amplifier and a filter which are connected in sequence; local oscillation signal ends of the first intermediate frequency mixer, the second intermediate frequency mixer and the third intermediate frequency mixer are connected to a frequency synthesizer; the frequency synthesizer comprises a first local oscillator, a second local oscillator and a third local oscillator; the first local oscillator, the second local oscillator and the third local oscillator are formed by sequentially connecting a phase-locked integrated circuit, a VCO, a loop filter and an amplifier;
the digital processing module comprises two radio frequency sockets which are respectively and electrically connected with the logarithm detection module and the VGA module through an alternative switch; the VGA module is respectively and electrically connected with the radio frequency output socket and the ADc module; the logarithm detection module is electrically connected with the DSP module; the DSP module and the ADc module are electrically connected to the FPGA, and the DSP module is electrically connected to the eprom; the FPGA is electrically connected to the VGA module adjusting end through the DAC module; the FPGA is in communication connection with a control end of the alternative switch; the FPGA is in communication connection with a bus bar socket through a 485 bus; the bus board socket is electrically connected with an access power supply; the FPGA is respectively and electrically connected with the voice output module and the spectrum display output module through the DAC module and the direct output; the voice output module and the spectrum display output module are connected to a main control panel socket by adopting digital intermediate frequency output; the FPGA outputs the digital intermediate frequency to a rear panel socket; the DSP module is connected to a rear panel socket through RS232 communication; and the rear panel socket is also provided with an FPGA configuration module.
3. The channel-monitoring node device of claim 1, wherein: the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises an input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit, a wide-range input DC/DC power module electrically connected with the input filtering and reverse connection protection circuit, a 5V DC/DC power module, a 12V DC/DC power module, a 24V DC/DC power module and a-5V DC/DC power module.
4. The channel-monitoring node device of claim 1, wherein: the system of the channel monitoring node device host comprises a network port control function module and a single-frequency measurement function module, wherein the network port control function module is used for receiving a network control instruction, analyzing the network control instruction, returning electromagnetic spectrum data or I/Q data acquired from a device digital processing module, detected device fault types, results of whether a service IP address is successfully modified, analyzed results of data rationality analysis and data, and the single-frequency measurement function module is communicated with the network port control function module and used for measuring a known single frequency point, acquiring the I/Q data or the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency point from the digital processing module, and packaging and subpackaging the acquired data; and communicate with network port control function module, is used for scanning all frequency in a certain frequency band according to the intermediate frequency bandwidth, obtain all electromagnetic spectrum data in the frequency band from the digital processing module, and carry on the digital scanning function module that the packet, packet process the data gathered; the network interface control function module is used for scanning the frequency in a certain frequency band according to a set step frequency as a frequency conversion interval, acquiring corresponding electromagnetic spectrum data from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the frequency band scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, setting a plurality of frequency points, scanning the frequency points one by one, acquiring the electromagnetic spectrum data of the frequency points from the digital processing module, performing packaging, subpackaging and other processing on the acquired data, the discrete scanning function module is used for communicating with the network interface control function module, detecting whether the hardware module of the equipment has a fault, actively reporting the fault type to the equipment management module, and simultaneously supporting the equipment management module to actively perform fault query; and the level precision calibration module is communicated with the network port control function module and is used for realizing the level value calibration of the large signal and the small signal, so that the level precision output by the equipment is higher, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
5. The channel-monitoring node device of claim 1, wherein: the system of the upper computer comprises a main frame and a basic module, wherein the main frame is used for instantiating objects of each module and completing each function through the objects; the network equipment control module is used for realizing the communication between the interface module and the equipment host, mainly finishing the collection of data, the conversion of protocols and the preprocessing of the data, and distributing the data to the main frame and the basic module; and the function of data storage and reading is realized by accessing the database; the frequency planning of the communication network is completed in an auxiliary manner by analyzing the historical frequency spectrum and combining the parameters of the communication equipment; analyzing and predicting the communication effect of the system through EMC analysis; the diagnosis and analysis functions of the radio frequency part of the local equipment are finished through comparison and judgment of the frequency spectrum data; the frequency spectrum monitoring and management planning auxiliary module is used for calculating frequency spectrum data through the corrected models of channel fading and the like to finish generation of frequency spectrum situation data; and the calling mode is used for providing instructions for the operator, and the calling mode is an external interface of the dynamic link library.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112086000A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-15 | 中国人民解放军63856部队 | Simulation method for solving problem of insufficient fidelity of battlefield environment |
| CN114611559A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-10 | 北京工业大学 | Digital wireless signal analysis system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112086000A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-15 | 中国人民解放军63856部队 | Simulation method for solving problem of insufficient fidelity of battlefield environment |
| CN112086000B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-04-08 | 中国人民解放军63856部队 | Simulation method for solving problem of insufficient fidelity of battlefield environment |
| CN114611559A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-10 | 北京工业大学 | Digital wireless signal analysis system |
| CN114611559B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2024-04-26 | 北京工业大学 | Digital wireless signal analysis system |
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