CN111239520B - Method for evaluating high-power microwave protection efficiency of protection circuit module - Google Patents
Method for evaluating high-power microwave protection efficiency of protection circuit module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method for high-power microwave protection efficiency of a protection circuit module, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility. The method comprises four steps of high-power microwave irradiation field intensity calibration, series protection circuit module front coupling interference signal test, series protection circuit module rear coupling interference signal test and protection circuit module high-power microwave protection efficiency calculation. The invention not only overcomes the problems of low coupling efficiency of the electromagnetic pulse injection test and no broadband high-power microwave injection source at present, but also overcomes the problem of more uncertain factors of the electromagnetic pulse irradiation test, and realizes the quantitative evaluation of the protection efficiency of the protection circuit module under different high-power microwave irradiation field intensities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility, and particularly relates to an evaluation method for high-power microwave protection efficiency of a protection circuit module.
Background
In recent years, electromagnetic pulse weapons such as high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves develop rapidly, and pose serious electromagnetic threats to equipment such as communication, navigation, radars, airplanes, ships and vehicles. Various strong electromagnetic pulses have the characteristics of high power, quick rise time and wide coverage frequency band, and enter the equipment electric control system through the front door antenna, the rear door slot and the cable coupling, so that the equipment has the effects of interference, disturbance, degradation, damage and the like. At present, an electromagnetic pulse effect test method comprises an injection test method and an irradiation test method, pulse current is injected into an interconnection cable of a tested system through a coupling network in the electromagnetic pulse injection test, interference factors of test results are few, but coupling efficiency is low, and inductive interference power is limited. Meanwhile, no strong electromagnetic pulse injection source such as broadband high-power microwave exists at present. The electromagnetic pulse irradiation test directly carries out strong electromagnetic pulse irradiation on a tested system, and the fidelity of the test result is high, but the uncertainty factor is more. In order to improve the strong electromagnetic pulse protection capability of equipment, the electromagnetic pulse protection reinforcement design of an equipment electric control system is usually developed from dimensions such as a space domain, a time domain, a frequency domain and the like, and a high-power microwave protection efficiency evaluation method and data of protection measures are of great importance to formulating an electromagnetic pulse protection design scheme. Therefore, it is necessary to research an evaluation method for high-power microwave protection performance of protection measures, so as to evaluate the high-power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module, and provide a test method and data support for the electromagnetic pulse protection reinforcement design and verification of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for evaluating the protection efficiency of a protection circuit module under different high-power microwave irradiation field strengths to solve the problem that no protection measure is available.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for evaluating the high-power microwave protection efficiency of a protection circuit module comprises four steps of high-power microwave irradiation field intensity calibration, series connection of a front coupling interference signal test of the protection circuit module, series connection of a rear coupling interference signal test of the protection circuit module and calculation of the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, high-power microwave irradiation field intensity calibration
(1-1) building a high-power microwave irradiation test system, wherein the high-power microwave irradiation test system comprises a high-power microwave irradiation source, a transmitting antenna, a microwave source controller, a receiving antenna, a coaxial cable, an attenuator and a digital oscilloscope; the high-power microwave irradiation source, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are arranged in the microwave darkroom, and the microwave source controller, the attenuator and the digital oscilloscope are arranged in the measurement and control room;
(1-2) calibrating the high-power microwave irradiation field intensity, and controlling the high-power microwave through a microwave source controller between measurement and controlThe irradiation source emits, and the high-power microwave irradiation field intensity is calibrated by using a receiving antenna, a coaxial cable, an attenuator and a digital oscilloscope; testing and marking distance emitting antenna D1High-power microwave irradiation field intensity at the position, changing the distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, testing and marking the distance D between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna2、…、DnThe high-power microwave irradiation field intensity at the position is more than or equal to 2;
step two, testing the front coupling interference signal of the series protection circuit module
(2-1) designing and arranging a coupling interference signal online test system, wherein the coupling interference signal online test system comprises a shielding cabinet, a voltage probe, a first attenuator, a current probe, a second attenuator, a multi-channel digital oscilloscope, a first optical fiber transceiver, a mobile power supply, a second optical fiber transceiver and an evaluation computer;
the shielding cabinet shell is grounded, the voltage probe is connected with the input interface of the first attenuator, and the output interface of the first attenuator is connected with the first input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through the coaxial cable; the current probe is connected with an input interface of a second attenuator, and an output interface of the second attenuator is connected with a second input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; an Ethernet interface of the multichannel digital oscilloscope is connected with an Ethernet interface of a first optical fiber transceiver through a network cable, an optical fiber interface of the first optical fiber transceiver is connected with an optical fiber interface of a second optical fiber transceiver through an optical fiber and an optical fiber flange plate, and the Ethernet interface of the second optical fiber transceiver is connected with an evaluation computer through the network cable; the mobile power supply provides independent and clean power supply for the multi-channel digital oscilloscope and the first optical fiber transceiver; the voltage probe, the first attenuator, the current probe, the second attenuator, the multi-channel digital oscilloscope, the first optical fiber transceiver and the mobile power supply are arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom, and the second optical fiber transceiver and the evaluation computer are arranged in a measurement and control room;
(2-2) the tested electrical control system is arranged and comprises an electronic control unit, an interconnection cable and a terminal load; the electronic control unit is arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave anechoic chamber, and the shielding cabinet is utilizedThe mobile power supply provides independent and clean power supply for the electronic control unit; one end of the interconnection cable is connected with the electronic control unit, the interconnection cable penetrates through a waveguide tube hole of the shielding cabinet, and the other end of the interconnection cable is connected with a terminal load; the interconnection cable is exposed in the high-power microwave irradiation effective area and is arranged to be far away from the transmitting antenna D of the high-power microwave irradiation source1The marked position of (a);
(2-3) testing coupling interference signals in front of the series protection circuit module, controlling the emission of a high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and measuring the interference voltage signal Vt coupled on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system in real time by using the coupling interference signal on-line test system in the step (2-1)1And interference current signal It1(ii) a A sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1 of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire in an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a ground wire in the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system; high-power microwave irradiation source transmitting antenna D according to distance1Coupling interference signals on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the marked position select a first attenuator and a second attenuator with corresponding attenuation coefficients, and the gear and the range of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope are remotely controlled and adjusted by an evaluation computer between test and control, so that the measured interference voltage signal Vt is ensured1And interference current signal It1Displaying the test result on an evaluation computer completely; the evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt1＝Vt1*It1Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system in front of series protection circuit module1；
Step three, testing the coupling interference signal behind the series protection circuit module
(3-1) arranging a protection circuit module, wherein the protection circuit module is connected between an electronic control unit and a terminal load of the tested electrical control system in series, and is arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom;
(3-2) testing coupling interference signals behind the series protection circuit module, controlling the emission of a high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and utilizing the coupling interference signals in the step (2-1) to perform online measurementSystem for real-time measurement of interference voltage signal Vt coupled on interconnection cable2And a current signal It2(ii) a A sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1 of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire in an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a ground wire in the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system; according to high power microwave irradiation1Coupling interference signal size and protection circuit module performance on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the marked position select a first attenuator and a second attenuator with corresponding attenuation coefficients, and the gear and the range of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope are remotely controlled and adjusted by an evaluation computer between test and control, so that the measured interference voltage signal Vt is ensured2And interference current signal It2Displaying the test result on an evaluation computer completely; the evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt2＝Vt2*It2Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system behind serial protective circuit module2；
Step four, calculating the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module
Calculating a high-power microwave Protection efficiency curve (PE) of the Protection circuit module by taking the coupling interference voltage signal, the interference current signal and the interference power signal which are stored and recorded in the second step and the third step as evaluation basic data; according to the formula PEvoltage＝20log(Vt1/Vt2) Calculating a high-power microwave interference voltage protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEcurrent＝20log(It1/It2) Calculating a high-power microwave interference current protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEpower＝10log(Pt1/Pt2) And calculating a high-power microwave interference power protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module.
The interconnection cable is exposed in the high-power microwave irradiation effective area and is arranged to be far away from the transmitting antenna D of the high-power microwave irradiation sourcen(n is more than or equal to 2) marking the position, and repeating the second step to the fourth step to obtain the quantitative evaluation result of the protection efficiency of the protection circuit module under different high-power microwave irradiation field strengths.
In the step (1-1) of the present invention, the high power microwave irradiation source preferably radiates a broadband high power microwave irradiation source with a center frequency of 320MHz or more and a 3dB bandwidth of 60MHz or more.
In the step (2-1) of the present invention, the shielding cabinet is preferably a shielding cabinet with a shielding effectiveness of greater than or equal to 80dB in a frequency band of 200kHz to 10 GHz.
In the step (2-1) of the present invention, the voltage probe is preferably a coaxial pulse voltage probe, the coaxial pulse voltage probe is composed of a sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1, a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2, a signal ground 3, a coaxial cable 4 and a coaxial adapter 5, the sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1 is connected with an inner conductor at one end of the coaxial cable 4 as a signal input channel, the sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a shielding layer at one end of the coaxial cable 4 through the signal ground 3 as a reference ground input channel, and the other end of the coaxial cable 4 is connected with the coaxial adapter 5.
In the step (2-1) of the present invention, the first attenuator and the second attenuator are preferably coaxial attenuators that can withstand peak pulse power of 10kW or more, an operating frequency band of DC-2GHz, and an attenuation coefficient of 20-60 dB.
In step (2-1) of the present invention, the current probe is preferably a coaxial pulse current probe which can withstand a peak pulse current of 100A or more and a bandwidth of 500MHz or more.
In the step (2-1) of the invention, the multichannel digital oscilloscope preferably has the channel number more than or equal to 2, the sampling rate more than or equal to 4GSa/s and the bandwidth more than or equal to 500 MHz.
In the step (2-1) of the present invention, the first optical fiber transceiver and the second optical fiber transceiver are preferably optical fiber transceivers with transmission rate 10/100/1000Mbps adaptive, integrated optical transceiving, and single-mode single-fiber optical fiber connection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the method not only solves the problems of low coupling efficiency of the electromagnetic pulse injection test and no broadband high-power microwave injection source at present, but also solves the problem of more uncertain factors of the electromagnetic pulse irradiation test, and realizes the quantitative evaluation of the protection efficiency of the protection circuit module under different high-power microwave irradiation field intensities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the high power microwave protection performance evaluation of the protection circuit module of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test arrangement for high power microwave irradiation field strength calibration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and experimental arrangement of the coupling interference signal on-line test system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage probe;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test arrangement for high-power microwave protection performance evaluation of the protection circuit module.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the evaluation process of the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module according to the present invention includes four steps of calibrating the field intensity of the broadband high-power microwave irradiation, testing the front coupling interference signal of the series protection circuit module, testing the rear coupling interference signal of the series protection circuit module, and calculating the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
step one, calibrating the field intensity of broadband high-power microwave irradiation
(1-1) establishing a broadband high-power microwave irradiation test system, referring to fig. 2, wherein the broadband high-power microwave irradiation test system comprises a broadband high-power microwave irradiation source (WB-BGHP-01 type broadband high-power microwave irradiation source produced by institute of applied electronics of China institute of engineering and physics), a transmitting antenna, a microwave source controller, a receiving antenna, a coaxial cable, an attenuator and a digital oscilloscope. The high-power microwave irradiation source, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are arranged in the microwave darkroom, and the microwave source controller, the attenuator and the digital oscilloscope are arranged in the measurement and control room.
(1-2) calibrating the field intensity of the broadband high-power microwave irradiation, referring to fig. 2, controlling the emission of the broadband high-power microwave irradiation source by a microwave source controller in a measurement and control room, and using a receiving antenna, an attenuator,And the digital oscilloscope calibrates the irradiation field intensity of the broadband high-power microwave. Testing and marking distance emitting antenna D1High power microwave irradiation field intensity at the position, changing the distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, testing and marking the distance D from the transmitting antenna2、…、Dn(n is more than or equal to 2) position and high-power microwave irradiation field intensity.
Step two, testing the front coupling interference signal of the series protection circuit module
(2-1) design and arrangement of a coupling interference signal online test system, referring to fig. 3, the coupling interference signal online test system comprises a shielding cabinet (GWPG 20U-2 model electromagnetic shielding cabinet manufactured by stannless electromagnetic shielding acoustic engineering equipment ltd), a voltage probe (see the coaxial pulse voltage probe of fig. 4), a first attenuator (DTS 200-60-2 model coaxial fixed attenuator manufactured by shanghai huaxiang computer communication engineering ltd), a current probe (F-2000-32 mm-1 model current probe manufactured by Fischer Custom Communications), a second attenuator (DTS 200-40-2 model coaxial fixed attenuator manufactured by shanghai huaxiang computer communication engineering ltd), a multi-channel digital oscilloscope (HDO 9104 model four-channel digital oscilloscope manufactured by LeCroy corporation), A first optical fiber transceiver (model HTB-4100AB optical fiber transceiver manufactured by netLINK), a mobile power supply, a second optical fiber transceiver (model HTB-4100AB optical fiber transceiver manufactured by netLINK), and an evaluation computer. Referring to fig. 4, the voltage probe is a coaxial voltage probe composed of a sharp-needle-shaped signal probe 1, a sharp-needle-shaped grounding probe 2, a signal ground 3, a coaxial cable 4 and a coaxial adapter 5, the sharp-needle-shaped signal probe 1 is connected with an inner conductor at one end of the coaxial cable 4 as a signal input channel, the sharp-needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a shielding layer at one end of the coaxial cable 4 through the signal ground 3 as a reference ground input channel, and the other end of the coaxial cable 4 is connected with the coaxial adapter 5.
The voltage probe is connected with an input interface of the first attenuator, and an output interface of the first attenuator is connected with a first input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; the current probe is connected with an input interface of a second attenuator, and an output interface of the second attenuator is connected with a second input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; an Ethernet interface of the multichannel digital oscilloscope is connected with an Ethernet interface of a first optical fiber transceiver through a network cable, an optical fiber interface of the first optical fiber transceiver is connected with an optical fiber interface of a second optical fiber transceiver through an optical fiber and an optical fiber flange plate, and the Ethernet interface of the second optical fiber transceiver is connected with an evaluation computer through the network cable; the mobile power supply provides independent and clean power supply for the multi-channel digital oscilloscope and the first optical fiber transceiver. The voltage probe, the first attenuator, the current probe, the second attenuator, the multi-channel digital oscilloscope, the first optical fiber transceiver and the mobile power supply are arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom, and the second optical fiber transceiver and the evaluation computer are arranged in a measurement and control room.
(2-2) arrangement of the electrical and electronic system to be tested, referring to fig. 5, the electrical and electronic system to be tested comprises an electronic control unit, interconnection cables, and terminal loads. The electronic control unit is arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom, and an independent and clean power supply is provided for the electronic control unit by utilizing a mobile power supply in the shielding cabinet. One end of the interconnection cable is connected with the electronic control unit, the interconnection cable penetrates through the waveguide tube hole of the shielding cabinet, and the other end of the interconnection cable is connected with the terminal load. The interconnection cable is exposed in the effective area of broadband high-power microwave irradiation and is arranged to be far away from the transmitting antenna D of the broadband high-power microwave irradiation source1The marked position of (2).
(2-3) testing coupling interference signals in front of the series protection circuit module, referring to fig. 5, controlling the emission of a broadband high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and measuring the interference voltage signal Vt coupled on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system in real time by using the coupling interference signal on-line test system in the step (2-1)1And interference current signal It1. The sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1 of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire of an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and the sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a ground wire of the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system. Distance-based broadband high-power microwave irradiation source transmitting antenna D1Selecting the attenuation coefficient (60dB) of the first attenuator and the attenuation coefficient of the second attenuator according to the magnitude of the coupling interference signal on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the marked position ((40dB), remotely controlling and adjusting the gear and the measuring range of the multi-channel oscilloscope by an evaluation computer during measurement and control so as to measure the interference voltage signal Vt1And interference current signal It1Displayed entirely on the evaluation computer. The evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt1＝Vt1*It1Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system in front of series protection circuit module1。
Step three, testing the coupling interference signal behind the series protection circuit module
(3-1) arrangement of protection circuit modules, referring to fig. 5, the protection circuit modules are connected in series between an electronic control unit and a terminal load of the tested electrical control system, and the protection circuit modules are arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom.
(3-2) testing coupling interference signals after the protection circuit modules are connected in series, referring to fig. 5, controlling the emission of a broadband high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and measuring the coupling interference voltage signal Vt coupled on the interconnection cable in real time by using the coupling interference signal on-line test system in the step (2-1)2And interference current signal It2. The sharp needle-shaped signal probe 1 of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire of an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and the sharp needle-shaped grounding probe 2 is connected with a ground wire of the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system. High-power microwave irradiation source transmitting antenna D according to distance1The coupling interference signal size on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the mark position and the protection performance of the protection circuit module select the attenuation coefficient (40dB) of the first attenuator and the attenuation coefficient (20dB) of the second attenuator, and the gear and the measuring range of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope are remotely controlled and adjusted by the testing computer during testing and controlling so that the measured interference voltage signal Vt is2And interference current signal It2Displayed entirely on the evaluation computer. The evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt2＝Vt2*It2Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system behind serial protective circuit module2。
Step four, calculating the broadband high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module
And (4) calculating the broadband high-power microwave Protection Efficiency (PE) of the Protection circuit module by using the coupling interference voltage signal, the interference current signal and the interference power signal which are stored and recorded in the second step and the third step as evaluation basic data and using an evaluation computer. According to the formula PEvoltage＝20log(Vt1/Vt2) Calculating a broadband high-power microwave interference voltage protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEcurrent＝20log(It1/It2) Calculating a broadband high-power microwave interference current protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEpower＝10log(Pt1/Pt2) And calculating a broadband high-power microwave interference power protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module.
Referring to FIG. 5, the interconnection cable is exposed in the high power microwave irradiation effective region and is disposed to a distance D from the transmitting antenna of the broadband high power microwave irradiation sourcen(n is more than or equal to 2) marking the position, and repeating the step two to the step four. Therefore, the quantitative evaluation of the protection efficiency of the protection circuit module under different broadband high-power microwave irradiation field intensities is realized.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are considered to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for evaluating the high-power microwave protection efficiency of a protection circuit module comprises four steps of high-power microwave irradiation field intensity calibration, series connection of a front coupling interference signal test of the protection circuit module, series connection of a rear coupling interference signal test of the protection circuit module and calculation of the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, high-power microwave irradiation field intensity calibration
(1-1) building a high-power microwave irradiation test system, wherein the high-power microwave irradiation test system comprises a high-power microwave irradiation source, a transmitting antenna, a microwave source controller, a receiving antenna, a coaxial cable, an attenuator and a digital oscilloscope; the high-power microwave irradiation source, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are arranged in the microwave darkroom, and the microwave source controller, the attenuator and the digital oscilloscope are arranged in the measurement and control room;
(1-2) calibrating the high-power microwave irradiation field intensity, controlling the high-power microwave irradiation source to emit through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and calibrating the high-power microwave irradiation field intensity by using a receiving antenna, a coaxial cable, an attenuator and a digital oscilloscope; testing and marking distance emitting antenna D1High-power microwave irradiation field intensity at the position, changing the distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, testing and marking the distance D between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna2、…、DnThe high-power microwave irradiation field intensity at the position is more than or equal to 2;
step two, testing the front coupling interference signal of the series protection circuit module
(2-1) designing and arranging a coupling interference signal online test system, wherein the coupling interference signal online test system comprises a shielding cabinet, a voltage probe, a first attenuator, a current probe, a second attenuator, a multi-channel digital oscilloscope, a first optical fiber transceiver, a mobile power supply, a second optical fiber transceiver and an evaluation computer;
the shielding cabinet shell is grounded, the voltage probe is connected with the input interface of the first attenuator, and the output interface of the first attenuator is connected with the first input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through the coaxial cable; the current probe is connected with an input interface of a second attenuator, and an output interface of the second attenuator is connected with a second input channel of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; an Ethernet interface of the multichannel digital oscilloscope is connected with an Ethernet interface of a first optical fiber transceiver through a network cable, an optical fiber interface of the first optical fiber transceiver is connected with an optical fiber interface of a second optical fiber transceiver through an optical fiber and an optical fiber flange plate, and the Ethernet interface of the second optical fiber transceiver is connected with an evaluation computer through the network cable; the mobile power supply provides independent and clean power supply for the multi-channel digital oscilloscope and the first optical fiber transceiver; the voltage probe, the first attenuator, the current probe, the second attenuator, the multi-channel digital oscilloscope, the first optical fiber transceiver and the mobile power supply are arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom, and the second optical fiber transceiver and the evaluation computer are arranged in a measurement and control room;
(2-2) the tested electrical control system is arranged and comprises an electronic control unit, an interconnection cable and a terminal load; the electronic control unit is arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom, and an independent and clean power supply is provided for the electronic control unit by utilizing a mobile power supply in the shielding cabinet; one end of the interconnection cable is connected with the electronic control unit, the interconnection cable penetrates through a waveguide tube hole of the shielding cabinet, and the other end of the interconnection cable is connected with a terminal load; the interconnection cable is exposed in the high-power microwave irradiation effective area and is arranged to be far away from the transmitting antenna D of the high-power microwave irradiation source1The marked position of (a);
(2-3) testing coupling interference signals in front of the series protection circuit module, controlling the emission of a high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and measuring the interference voltage signal Vt coupled on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system in real time by using the coupling interference signal on-line test system in the step (2-1)1And interference current signal It1(ii) a A sharp needle-shaped signal probe (1) of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire in an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe (2) is connected with a ground wire in the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system; high-power microwave irradiation source transmitting antenna D according to distance1Coupling interference signals on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the marked position select a first attenuator and a second attenuator with corresponding attenuation coefficients, and the gear and the range of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope are remotely controlled and adjusted by an evaluation computer between test and control, so that the measured interference voltage signal Vt is ensured1And interference current signal It1Displaying the test result on an evaluation computer completely; the evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt1＝Vt1*It1Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system in front of series protection circuit module1；
Step three, testing the coupling interference signal behind the series protection circuit module
(3-1) arranging a protection circuit module, wherein the protection circuit module is connected between an electronic control unit and a terminal load of the tested electrical control system in series, and is arranged in a shielding cabinet in a microwave darkroom;
(3-2) testing coupling interference signals after the protection circuit module is connected in series, controlling the emission of a high-power microwave irradiation source through a microwave source controller between measurement and control, and measuring the coupling interference voltage signal Vt coupled on the interconnection cable in real time by using the coupling interference signal on-line testing system in the step (2-1)2And a current signal It2(ii) a A sharp needle-shaped signal probe (1) of the voltage probe is connected with a signal wire in an interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system, and a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe (2) is connected with a ground wire in the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system; according to high power microwave irradiation1Coupling interference signal size and protection circuit module performance on the interconnection cable of the tested electrical control system at the marked position select a first attenuator and a second attenuator with corresponding attenuation coefficients, and the gear and the range of the multi-channel digital oscilloscope are remotely controlled and adjusted by an evaluation computer between test and control, so that the measured interference voltage signal Vt is ensured2And interference current signal It2Displaying the test result on an evaluation computer completely; the evaluation computer stores and records the signals according to a formula Pt2＝Vt2*It2Calculating interference power signal Pt coupled on interconnection cable of tested electrical control system behind serial protective circuit module2；
Step four, calculating the high-power microwave protection efficiency of the protection circuit module
Calculating a high-power microwave protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module by taking the coupling interference voltage signal, the interference current signal and the interference power signal which are stored and recorded in the second step and the third step as evaluation basic data; according to the formula PEvoltage＝20log(Vt1/Vt2) Calculating a high-power microwave interference voltage protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEcurrent＝20log(It1/It2) Calculating a high-power microwave interference current protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module; according to the formula PEpower＝10log(Pt1/Pt2) Calculating a high-power microwave interference power protection efficiency curve of the protection circuit module;
the interconnection cable is exposed in the high-power microwave irradiation effective area and is arranged to be far away from the transmitting antenna D of the high-power microwave irradiation sourcenAnd (4) marking the position, and repeating the second step to the fourth step to obtain a quantitative evaluation result of the protection efficiency of the protection circuit module under different high-power microwave irradiation field intensities.
2. The method for evaluating the high power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1-1), the radiation center frequency of the high power microwave irradiation source is greater than or equal to 320MHz, and the 3dB bandwidth is greater than or equal to 60 MHz.
3. The method for evaluating the high-power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the shielding cabinet has a shielding performance of 80dB or more in a frequency range of 200kHz to 10 GHz.
4. The method for evaluating the high power microwave shielding effectiveness of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the voltage probe is a coaxial pulse voltage probe, the coaxial pulse voltage probe is composed of a sharp needle-shaped signal probe (1), a sharp needle-shaped grounding probe (2), a signal ground (3), a coaxial cable (4) and a coaxial adapter (5), the sharp needle-shaped signal probe (1) is connected with the inner conductor at one end of the coaxial cable (4) to serve as a signal input channel, the sharp needle-shaped grounding probe (2) is connected with the shielding layer at one end of the coaxial cable (4) through the signal ground (3) to serve as a reference ground input channel, and the other end of the coaxial cable (4) is connected with the coaxial adapter (5).
5. The method for evaluating the high power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the first attenuator and the second attenuator are coaxial attenuators which can withstand peak pulse power not less than 10kW, have an operating frequency band of DC-2GHz and have an attenuation coefficient of 20-60 dB.
6. The method for evaluating the high-power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the current probe is a coaxial pulse current probe which can withstand a peak pulse current of not less than 100A and a bandwidth of not less than 500 MHz.
7. The method for evaluating the high-power microwave protection performance of the protection circuit module according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the multi-channel digital oscilloscope is a digital oscilloscope with a channel number not less than 2, a sampling rate not less than 4GSa/s and a bandwidth not less than 500 MHz.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2-1), the first fiber transceiver and the second fiber transceiver are fiber transceivers with transmission rate 10/100/1000Mbps adaptive, integrated optical transceiver and single-mode single-fiber optical connection.
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