CN111238456A - Measuring tool and measuring method - Google Patents
Measuring tool and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111238456A CN111238456A CN202010147616.7A CN202010147616A CN111238456A CN 111238456 A CN111238456 A CN 111238456A CN 202010147616 A CN202010147616 A CN 202010147616A CN 111238456 A CN111238456 A CN 111238456A
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- light source
- limiting rod
- measuring
- source fixing
- fixing cylinder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring tool and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The measurement tool comprises a light source; the light source fixing barrel is internally provided with a light source; the light source fixing cylinder is rotatably arranged on the limiting rod, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the limiting rod; the distance measurement spare that two intervals set up, be equipped with the spout on the distance measurement spare, follow on the lateral wall of distance measurement spare the extending direction of spout is marked with first scale sign, two are located respectively to the both ends of gag lever post slidable in the spout. The measuring method adopts the measuring tool, is used for measuring the verticality, the offset or the inclination angle of the building in the building construction process, is convenient to measure and operate, and accelerates the construction progress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a measuring tool and a measuring method.
Background
When the construction industry measures the verticality on site, theodolite measurement, plummet measurement or laser level measurement are mostly used. The theodolite needs continuous leveling and is difficult to place in narrow space when measuring in many places. The measurement of the plumb bob instrument or the laser level instrument needs to be respectively measured at the bottom and the top of a measurement object, the measurement is inconvenient when the height is higher, and if the height of the measurement part is higher, the subsequent calculation according to the proportion is needed to obtain the result. The measuring mode is complex to operate and influences construction progress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring tool and a measuring method, which are convenient to measure and high in measuring efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
a measurement tool, comprising:
a light source;
the light source fixing barrel is internally provided with a light source;
the light source fixing cylinder is rotatably arranged on the limiting rod, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the limiting rod;
the distance measurement spare that two intervals set up, be equipped with the spout on the distance measurement spare, follow on the lateral wall of distance measurement spare the extending direction of spout is marked with first scale sign, two are located respectively to the both ends of gag lever post slidable in the spout.
As a preferable scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, a weight block is disposed at a bottom end of the light source fixing cylinder, and an axis of the light source fixing cylinder is always kept vertical under the weight of the weight block.
As a preferable scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, two ends of the limiting rod are provided with a pin, and the pin is slidably inserted into the sliding groove.
As a preferable scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, a second scale mark is marked on the circumferential direction of the limiting rod, and the second scale mark is used for measuring a rotation angle of the light source fixing cylinder around the limiting rod.
As a preferable scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, a pointer capable of aligning with the second scale mark is provided on the light source fixing cylinder.
As a preferred scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, the light source is connected to the power source through a wire, the limiting rod is of a hollow structure, the limiting rod is provided with an avoidance hole communicated with the light source fixing cylinder, and the wire penetrates through the limiting rod.
As a preferable scheme of the measuring tool of the present invention, the measuring tool further includes a bracket, the two distance measuring members are fixed to the bracket, an accommodating space is provided in the bracket, the power supply is provided in the accommodating space, and the lead passes through the limiting rod, enters the accommodating space, and is connected to the power supply.
A method of measuring perpendicularity using a measuring tool as described above, the method comprising:
s1, the end part of the distance measuring piece is attached to the vertical surface of the measured object, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder is always vertical under the action of the balancing weight;
s2, turning on a light source;
s3, driving a limiting rod to move in a sliding groove of the distance measuring piece, so that the distance from the edge of the light emitted by the light source to the vertical surface of the measured object is a set distance, and the set distance is the verticality allowable deviation of the measured object;
and S4, observing whether light rays exist on the vertical surface of the measured object, if so, indicating that the verticality of the measured object exceeds the set verticality, and if not, indicating that the verticality of the measured object meets the requirement.
A method of measuring an offset using a measurement tool as described above, the method comprising:
s1, placing the end part of the distance measuring piece at the set position of the measured object, wherein the axis of the light source fixing cylinder is vertical all the time under the action of the balancing weight;
s2, turning on a light source;
s3, driving the limiting rod to slide in the sliding groove of the distance measuring piece until the light emitted by the light source is observed to appear on the measured object, and obtaining the offset of the measured object through the first scale mark corresponding to the limiting rod.
A method of measuring an angle using a measuring tool as described above, the method comprising:
s1, the end part of the distance measuring piece is propped against the surface of the measured plane, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder is vertical under the action of the balancing weight in the initial state;
s2, turning on a light source, wherein light emitted by the light source irradiates on the measured plane;
and S3, driving the light source fixing barrel to rotate around the limiting rod until the light emitted by the light source disappears on the measured plane, and obtaining the included angle between the measured plane and the horizontal plane according to the second scale mark aligned with the light source fixing barrel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the measuring tool provided by the invention, the light source is fixed in the light source fixing cylinder, the light beam emitted by the light source is cylindrical under the limiting action of the light source fixing cylinder, the light source fixing cylinder can rotate around the limiting rod in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the limiting rod, two ends of the limiting rod are respectively slidably arranged in the two sliding grooves, and the side wall of the distance measuring part is marked with a first scale mark along the extending direction of the sliding grooves and used for reading the moving distance of the limiting rod in the sliding grooves.
In the measuring method provided by the invention, the measuring tool can be used for measuring the perpendicularity, the offset and the angle, is used for measuring the perpendicularity, the offset or the inclination angle of a building in the building construction process, is convenient to measure and operate, and accelerates the construction progress.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source fixing barrel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a stop lever according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a measurement tool for offset measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a measuring tool according to an embodiment of the present invention for measuring an angle.
Reference numerals:
100-a measurement tool;
1-a light source; 2-a light source fixing cylinder; 3-a limiting rod; 4-a distance measuring member; 5-a balancing weight; 6-a scaffold;
21-a pointer; 31-pin; 32-avoiding holes; 41-a chute;
61-a fixture; 62-a handle;
611-a fixed part; 612-a connecting portion;
6111-avoidance slot;
10-the object to be measured; 20-measured plane; 30-horizontal plane; 40-set position; 11-light source axis; 11' -light source axis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a measuring tool 100, which is used for measuring the perpendicularity, offset or inclination angle of a building during the building construction process, and is convenient for measuring operation and speeding up the construction progress. The measuring tool 100 comprises a light source 1, a light source fixing cylinder 2, a limiting rod 3 and two distance measuring pieces 4 arranged at intervals.
Referring to fig. 3, the light source 1 is fixed in the light source fixing cylinder 2 and is positioned at the upper end of the light source fixing cylinder 2. The center of the light source 1 coincides with the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2. Under the limiting action of the light source fixing cylinder 2, the light beam emitted by the light source 1 is cylindrical. The light source 1 is preferably a laser lamp, and the emitted light has high collimation. The wall thickness of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is thin, preferably 3mm, light rays emitted by the light source 1 are reduced as much as possible to diffuse, and measuring accuracy is guaranteed. Optionally, referring to fig. 2, a counterweight 5 is disposed at the bottom end of the light source fixing cylinder 2, and under the weight of the counterweight 5, the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 in a free state is always kept vertical, so that the light emitted by the light source 1 is vertically upward.
The light source fixing cylinder 2 is rotatably arranged on the limiting rod 3, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the limiting rod 3. The limiting rod 3 limits the movement of the light source fixing barrel 2 in a horizontal plane, but the light source fixing barrel 2 can rotate around the limiting rod 3 in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the limiting rod 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the two distance measuring members 4 are provided with sliding grooves 41 on opposite sides thereof, and the stopper rod 3 is provided therebetween. Two ends of the limiting rod 3 are respectively arranged in the two sliding grooves 41 in a sliding manner. The side wall of the distance measuring unit 4 is marked with a first scale mark (not shown) along the extending direction of the sliding groove 41, and is used for reading the moving distance of the limiting rod 3 in the sliding groove 41. Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the two ends of the limiting rod 3 are both provided with a pin 31, the pin 31 is slidably inserted into the sliding groove 41, and the pin 31 is aligned with the first scale mark, so that the corresponding scale value is conveniently read. The axis of the inserting pin 31 is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the limiting rod 3.
Further, a second scale mark (not shown) is marked on the circumference of the limiting rod 3 and used for measuring the rotation angle of the light source fixing cylinder 2 around the limiting rod 3. The outer wall of the light source fixing barrel 2 is provided with a pointer 21 which can be aligned with the second scale mark, so that the corresponding scale value can be conveniently read.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the measuring tool 100 further includes a holder 6 to which the distance measuring part 4 is fixed. The bracket 6 includes a fixed member 61 and a handle 62 connected thereto. The fixing member 61 has a V-like shape and includes two fixing portions 611 arranged at intervals and a connecting portion 612 connecting the two fixing portions 611. The handle 62 is connected to the connecting portion 612 on a side away from the fixing portion 611.
The two distance measuring members 4 are fixed to the opposite side walls of the two fixing portions 611, respectively. The end of the distance measuring piece 4 is flush with the end of the fixing part 611. The opposite side walls of the two fixing parts 611 are provided with avoidance grooves 6111 corresponding to the sliding grooves 41 of the distance measuring part 4 so as to avoid the end part of the limiting rod 3 and ensure the stable sliding of the limiting rod 3. The handle 62 and the connecting portion 612 are both hollow structures, and the groove on the fixing portion 611 is sequentially communicated with the inner cavities of the connecting portion 612 and the handle 62 to form an accommodating space.
The measuring tool 100 further comprises a power source (not shown) for supplying electrical power to the light source 1. The power source is preferably a battery. The power source is stored inside the handle 62. The light source 1 is connected with a power supply through a lead. The limiting rod 3 is of a hollow structure, and the limiting rod 3 is provided with an avoiding hole 32 communicated with the light source fixing barrel 2. The wire penetrates through the limiting rod 3, extends into the avoiding groove 6111 of the fixing part 61 from the end part of the limiting rod 3, penetrates through the connecting part 612, enters the handle 62 and is connected with a power supply. The handle 62 is further provided with a button, and when the button is pressed, the circuit conduction of the power supply and the light source 1 can be controlled, and the light source 1 emits light. The connection mode of the button, the power supply and the light source 1 is the prior art, and details are not repeated.
The embodiment also provides a measuring method, which adopts the measuring tool 100 to measure the verticality. The method comprises the following steps:
and S1, abutting the end part of the distance measuring piece 4 to the vertical surface of the measured object. The measured object can be a wall or a column of an external building. In a free state, the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is always vertical under the action of the balancing weight 5.
S2, turning on the light source 1. By pressing a button on the handle 62, the light source 1 is energized to emit light.
S3, the limiting rod 3 is driven to move in the sliding groove 41 of the distance measuring piece 4. In the initial state, the stopper rod 3 is located at one end of the chute 41 close to the object to be measured. Then, the limiting rod 3 is driven to slowly slide along the sliding groove 41 until the limiting rod 3 reaches the set position, and when the contact pin 31 on the limiting rod 3 is aligned with the set scale on the first scale mark, the distance from the edge of the cylindrical light emitted by the light source 1 to the vertical surface of the object to be measured is the set distance. The set distance is the verticality allowable deviation of the measured object. The set distance is equal to the difference between the set scale and the radius of the light source fixing cylinder 2.
It should be noted that, at one end of the distance measuring part 4 close to the measured object, the scale value corresponding to the initial scale of the first scale mark is not zero, but the initial scale is a distance from one end of the distance measuring part 4 close to the measured object.
S4, observing whether light rays exist on the vertical surface of the measured object or not after the limiting rod 3 reaches the set position. If so, indicating that the verticality of the measured object exceeds the set verticality, and if not, indicating that the verticality of the measured object does not meet the requirement, and the construction is unqualified; if not, the verticality of the measured object does not exceed the set verticality, the verticality of the measured object meets the requirement, and the construction is qualified.
The present embodiment also provides a method for measuring an offset using the measuring tool 100. The offset, i.e. the distance of the actual position of the measured object 10 from its set position 40. The object 10 to be measured may be a wall or a column of an external building. With reference to fig. 6, the method specifically includes:
s1, the end of the distance measuring piece 4 is placed at the set position 40 of the object 10 to be measured. In a free state, the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is always vertical under the action of the balancing weight 5.
S2, turning on the light source 1. By pressing a button on the handle 62, the light source 1 is energized to emit light.
S3, the limiting rod 3 is driven to slide in the sliding slot 41 of the distance measuring piece 4 until the light emitted by the light source 1 is observed to appear on the measured object 10, which indicates that the edge of the light beam emitted by the light source 1 is just tangent to the surface of the measured object 10. At this time, the scale value of the corresponding scale in the first scale mark corresponding to the pin 31 of the limiting rod 3 is read, and the sum of the scale value and the radius of the light source fixing barrel 2 is the offset of the actual position of the measured object 10 relative to the set position 40 of the measured object.
The present embodiment further provides a method for measuring an angle by using the measuring tool 100, taking the measurement of an included angle between the measured plane 20 and the horizontal plane 30 as an example, the measured plane 20 may be a wall surface of an external building or a vertical surface of a vertical column. In conjunction with fig. 7, the method includes:
and S1, abutting the end part of the distance measuring piece 4 against the surface of the measured plane 20. In the initial state, the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is vertical under the action of the balancing weight 5, and the limiting rod 3 is positioned at one end of the sliding groove 41 close to the object to be measured. When the axis of the light source fixing cylinder 2 is set to be vertical in the initial state, the scale value of the pointer 21 on the light source fixing cylinder 2 and the corresponding scale aligned in the second scale mark is set to be 0 degree.
S2, turning on the light source 1, because the measured plane 20 is not vertical, the light emitted from the light source 1 will irradiate on the measured plane 20. In the initial state, the light source axis 11' is indicated by a dashed line.
S3, the light source fixing cylinder 2 is driven to rotate around the axis of the limiting rod 3 towards the direction far away from the measured plane 20 until the light emitted by the light source 1 disappears on the measured plane 20, the edge of the cylindrical light emitted by the surface light source 1 is just parallel to and tangent to the surface of the measured object, and the light source axis 11 is represented by a solid line. At this time, the scale value of the corresponding scale in the second scale mark aligned with the pointer 21 on the light source fixing cylinder 2 is the rotation angle of the light source 1. The included angle between the measured plane 20 and the horizontal plane 30 and the rotation angle of the light source 1 are complementary angles.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring tool, comprising:
a light source (1);
the light source fixing barrel (2), the light source (1) is arranged in the light source fixing barrel (2);
the limiting rod (3), the light source fixing cylinder (2) is rotatably arranged on the limiting rod (3), and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is perpendicular to and intersected with the axis of the limiting rod (3);
distance measurement spare (4) that two intervals set up, be equipped with spout (41) on distance measurement spare (4), follow on the lateral wall of distance measurement spare (4) the extending direction of spout (41) marks first scale sign, two are located respectively to the both ends of gag lever post (3) slidable in spout (41).
2. The measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is provided with a balancing weight (5), and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is always kept vertical under the weight of the balancing weight (5).
3. The measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the two ends of the limiting rod (3) are provided with pins (31), the pins (31) being slidably inserted into the slide slots (41).
4. The measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein a second scale mark is marked on the circumference of the limiting rod (3), and the second scale mark is used for measuring the rotation angle of the light source fixing barrel (2) around the limiting rod (3).
5. The measuring tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the light source fixing cylinder (2) is provided with a pointer (21) which can be aligned with the second scale mark.
6. The measuring tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light source (1) is connected with a power supply through a wire, the limiting rod (3) is of a hollow structure, an avoiding hole (32) communicated with the light source fixing barrel (2) is formed in the limiting rod (3), and the wire penetrates through the limiting rod (3).
7. The measuring tool according to claim 6, further comprising a bracket (6), wherein the two distance measuring pieces (4) are fixed on the bracket (6), an accommodating space is formed in the bracket (6), the power supply is arranged in the accommodating space, and the lead passes through the limiting rod (3) to enter the accommodating space and is connected with the power supply.
8. A measuring method, characterized in that perpendicularity measurements are performed using a measuring tool (100) according to any one of claims 1-7, the method comprising:
s1, the end part of the distance measuring piece (4) is attached to the vertical surface of the measured object, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is always vertical under the action of the balancing weight (5);
s2, turning on the light source (1);
s3, driving the limiting rod (3) to move in the sliding groove (41) of the distance measuring piece (4), so that the distance from the edge of the light ray emitted by the light source (1) to the vertical surface of the measured object is a set distance, and the set distance is the verticality allowable deviation of the measured object;
and S4, observing whether light rays exist on the vertical surface of the measured object, if so, indicating that the verticality of the measured object exceeds the set verticality, and if not, indicating that the verticality of the measured object meets the requirement.
9. A method of measuring, using a measuring tool (100) according to any of claims 1-7, an offset measurement, the method comprising:
s1, placing the end part of the distance measuring piece (4) at the set position of the measured object, wherein the axis of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is vertical all the time under the action of the balancing weight (5);
s2, turning on the light source (1);
s3, driving the limiting rod (3) to slide in the sliding groove (41) of the distance measuring piece (4) until the light emitted by the light source (1) is observed to appear on the measured object, and obtaining the offset of the measured object through the first scale mark corresponding to the limiting rod (3).
10. A measuring method, characterized in that an angle measurement is performed using a measuring tool (100) according to any of claims 1-7, the method comprising:
s1, the end part of the distance measuring piece (4) is propped against the surface of the measured plane, and the axis of the light source fixing cylinder (2) is vertical under the action of the balancing weight (5) in the initial state;
s2, turning on a light source (1), wherein light emitted by the light source (1) irradiates on the measured plane;
s3, driving the light source fixing barrel (2) to rotate around the limiting rod (3) until light emitted by the light source (1) disappears on the measured plane, and obtaining an included angle between the measured plane and the horizontal plane according to the second scale marks aligned with the light source fixing barrel (2).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113701717A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 杜亚龙 | Building slope detection device |
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| CN111238456B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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