CN111237553B - 多层管，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管 - Google Patents

多层管，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管 Download PDF

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CN111237553B
CN111237553B CN201911174188.0A CN201911174188A CN111237553B CN 111237553 B CN111237553 B CN 111237553B CN 201911174188 A CN201911174188 A CN 201911174188A CN 111237553 B CN111237553 B CN 111237553B
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亚历山大·J·A·索特布罗克
安德里亚·德雷吉布斯
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Tubigomma Deregibus Srl
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多层管，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管，其从内向外依次包括：‑由管状护套构成的第一层(11)，所述管状护套至少在外部形成有波纹并且界定用于流体的管道，‑至少一个第二层(12)，该至少一个第二层(12)包括内层(13)以及布置在内层(13)上的外部覆盖物(14)，该内层(13)布置在第一层(11)上，内层(13)选自经橡胶处理的织物和具有纺织品加强物的弹性材料之间。

Description

多层管，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多层管，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管。
背景技术
这样的管被用于机器和其它需要柔性的并适于与产品接触的连接元件的应用中，产品特别是但不排他地是化学/药物类型及类似物。
它们由以下构成：内层，界定流体的通道管道(passage duct)的管状护套，以及覆盖在内层上并与其成一体的一个或更多个外层。
内层由氟化聚合物制成，例如FEP、MFA、PFA、PVDF、ECTFE和PTFE，并且特别是在化学/制药工业中，优选地是透明的或白色的。
一般而言，外层可以包括纺织品加强物(textile reinforcement)、弹性体和用于加强和保护的金属或热塑性螺旋状物，它们适于提高柔性并限制管在其弯曲期间塌陷的风险。
护套的外层是基于由管的预期用途所规定的要求通过缠绕或编结或通过管的挤出和随后的硫化而被连续地施加的。
市场上有两种主要的柔性管技术，它们可以根据由挤出的含氟聚合物护套构成的最内层和覆盖它的所有最外面部分之间存在的粘附的类型来区分。
第一种类型是由作为第一层的挤出护套制成的柔性软管，并且在外部经历被称为“胶结(cementation)”的化学过程，其目的是增加护套的外表面的粘附性，以便于另一层在其上的粘附。
第二种类型是具有挤出护套的柔性软管，但不经历外部胶结。在这种情况下，含氟聚合物护套被并入到管的最终结构中，但是与外层的粘附能力不同于经历胶结过程的护套所具有的粘附能力。
在广泛用于该领域并且属于所描述的第二种类型的管中，有包括由PTFE制成的内层的管，该内层由仅在外部以螺纹状的方式(screw-like manner)形成有波纹的管构成，因此具有光滑的内表面。基本上，外表面具有螺旋状的轮廓，并且覆盖内层的覆盖物的内表面相应地互补地成形。该轮廓构成螺旋槽，该螺旋槽界定螺旋状的波峰和波谷(peaks andtroughs)，其中侧壁基本上垂直于管的纵轴，并且在该螺旋槽内可以容纳以螺旋状缠绕的金属丝。
这些管还包括加强层，所述加强层由金属或纺织材料制成的织物的套筒以及套筒外部的外部覆盖物所构成，外部覆盖物由弹性材料或塑料材料制成并且粘住套筒。
形成有波纹的内层比光滑的内层给予管更大的柔性。
加强层增加了管的抗弯曲性，防止其塌陷。
尽管其具有上文列出的优点，但这样的管并非没有缺点。
金属零件的存在给管增加了很大的重量，并且因此在安装和维护期间难以操作。
此外，当管被切割时，金属缠绕结构的最后几圈倾向于与内层脱离，从波谷中离开。
此外，在将其与另一根管连接时，其安装呈现显著复杂性。事实上，为了将一根管与另一根管连接，安装技术人员必须将管切割成所需的尺寸，并且去除切割端处的覆盖物的外层，使其长度适于希望安装的连接器。
去除外层的操作通常是费力的，并且需要在操作者方面的技能。
发明内容
本发明的目标是提供能够在上述方面中的一个或更多个方面改进已知技术的多层管。
在这个目标内，本发明的目的是提供多层管，该多层管可以被容易地并且快速地连接。
本发明的另一个目的是提供可以被容易地弯曲并且同时坚固的多层管。
本发明的另外的目的是提供同时相对轻的多层管。
本发明的另一个目的是用任何现有解决方案的替代方案克服已知技术的缺点。
本发明的另一个目的是提供高度可靠、容易实现并且低成本的多层管。
这个目标以及将在下文中变得更明显的这些目的和其它目的通过多层管来实现，特别是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管，该多层管从内向外依次包括：
-由管状护套构成的第一层，所述管状护套至少在外部形成有波纹并且界定用于所述流体的管道，
-至少一个第二层，所述至少一个第二层包括内层以及布置在所述内层上的外部覆盖物，该内层布置在所述第一层上，该内层选自经橡胶处理的织物(rubberized fabric)和具有纺织品加强物的弹性材料之间。
附图说明
本发明的另外的特性和优势将从下面的根据本发明的多层管的优选、但非排他的实施方案的详细描述变得更加明显，该实施方案在附图中出于非限制性示例的目的被示出，在附图中：
-图1是根据本发明的多层管的透视图；
-图2是多层管的一部分的纵向横截面图；
-图3是在其变型中的多层管的一部分的纵向横截面图。
具体实施方式
参照各图，一般用参考标记10来指示的根据本发明的多层管从里到外依次包括：
-由管状护套构成的第一层11，所述管状护套至少在外部形成有波纹并且界定用于流体的管道，
-至少一个第二层12，该至少一个第二层12包括内层13以及布置在内层13上的外部覆盖物14，该内层13布置在第一层11上，该内层13选自经橡胶处理的织物和具有纺织品加强物的弹性材料之间。
第一层由氟化聚合物构成，优选地PTFE，或者在任何情况下选自FEP、MFA、PFA、PVDF、ECTFE和PTFE。
此外，第一层11由管状护套构成，该管状护套在用于流体通过的内侧面上是光滑的，并且以螺纹状的方式在外部形成有波纹，以便界定螺旋状的波峰和波谷，而第二层12在内部被成形为类似内螺纹，使得其可以从第一层11上旋拧下来以及旋拧到第一层11上并且确保抵抗两个相邻层之间的相对轴向移动的机械联接和密封。
第一层11优选地是透明的或白色的。可选择地，其可以以不同的颜色被制成。
内层13的织物由优选地但不排他地选自芳族聚酰胺、玻璃纤维、凯夫拉尔纤维(Kevlar)、聚酯、人造丝和尼龙的材料构成。
内层13的该织物可以以螺旋状被缠绕在第一层11上，或可选择地，其可以具有管状编结结构，以便形成覆盖第一层11的套筒。在这样的情况下，织物可以被编结。
外部覆盖物14包括呈交替层形式的至少一个由弹性材料制成的层15和至少一个纺织品加强层16。在所示的示例中，存在与两个纺织品加强层16交替的三个弹性材料的层15。纺织品加强层16可以由单一的线、织物或加强网(reinforcement mesh)的组合构成。它们以螺旋状被缠绕到内层13上，具有重叠区域，并且弹性体层15在高压釜中被硫化，以便获得单件的覆盖物14。
第一层11优选地不经历表面胶结，或者在任何情况下其不以任何方式被处理以便促进粘附。因此，在这种情况下，第一层11不粘附到内层13，保持独立于内层13。
当在管的生产期间内层被布置在第一层11上时，内层符合由螺旋状的波峰和波谷确定的形状。以这种方式，第二层12获得类似内螺纹的内部形状(internal shaping)，通过该内部形状，第二层12与第一层11的螺纹状的外部形状对接。
在图3中图示的变型中，外部覆盖物14还包括金属丝或热塑性丝17(在其它情况下可以有多于一根)，其在外部覆盖物14内以螺旋状被缠绕。
这样的丝17使管更抗弯曲，从而防止其塌陷。
根据本发明的多层管的使用如下。
在管的安装期间，操作者可以容易地用切割器以环状方式切割第二层12，所述切割器与端部的距离等于插入连接器所需的管部分。
等于用于插入连接器的可用长度的第二层12的切割部分容易从第一层11中被旋拧下来，这是因为摩擦力低，切割段相对较短。
第一层11的没有覆盖第二层12的部分具有螺纹状的外部形状，通过使最内层11在管-连接器孔内穿过，连接器可以被容易地旋拧到所述外部形状上。
实践中已经发现，通过提供可以容易地且快速地被连接的、具有优良的柔性和强度水平的多层管，本发明完全实现了预期的目标和目的。
事实上，由于内层在外部是螺纹形的事实，因此它与第二层完美地联接，第二层被成形为类似内螺纹，因此与第一层产生机械密封并且从而防止在两层之间沿着管的轴线的相对滑动，并且在连接操作和任选的端部修整期间，该两层还可以仅通过旋拧下来第二层的一部分而被容易地分离。
此外，由于第一层的光滑内表面，流体在空腔中的通过被优化，从而限制了流体成分可能在其表面上停止和/或在其内部产生湍流的可能性。
此外，在管中金属织物的不存在也明显地控制了它的重量。
如此设想的本发明容许多种修改和变型，所有修改和变型都在所附的权利要求的范围内。此外，所有细节可由其它技术上等效的元件来替代。
在实践中，所使用的材料(只要它们与特定用途兼容)以及可能的尺寸和形状根据要求和现有技术可以是任意的。

Claims (12)

1.一种多层管，所述多层管从内向外依次包括：
-第一层(11)，其由管状护套构成，所述管状护套至少在外部形成有波纹并且所述管状护套界定用于流体的管道，
-至少一个第二层(12)，所述第二层(12)包括内层(13)以及布置在所述内层(13)上的外部覆盖物(14)，所述内层(13)布置在所述第一层(11)上，所述内层(13)选自经橡胶处理的织物和具有纺织品加强的弹性材料之间，
所述第一层(11)由管状护套构成，所述管状护套以螺纹状的方式在外部形成有波纹，以便界定螺旋状的波峰和波谷，并且所述第二层(12)在内部被成形为类似内螺纹。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述多层管是用于化学流体和食品相关流体的多层管。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，构成所述第一层(11)的所述管状护套在用于所述流体通过的内侧面上是光滑的。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述第一层(11)由选自FEP、MFA、PFA、PVDF、ECTFE和PTFE的氟化聚合物构成。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述第一层(11)是透明的。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述第一层(11)是白色的。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述第一层(11)是有色的。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述第一层(11)是导电的。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述内层(13)的所述经橡胶处理的织物由选自芳族聚酰胺、玻璃纤维、凯夫拉尔纤维、聚酯、人造丝和尼龙的材料构成。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述内层(13)的所述经橡胶处理的织物具有环绕所述第一层(11)的套筒状管状结构。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述外部覆盖物(14)包括呈交替层的至少一个由弹性材料制成的层(15)和至少一个纺织品加强层(16)。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层管，其特征在于，所述多层管包括金属丝或热塑性丝(17)，所述金属丝或热塑性丝(17)在所述外部覆盖物(14)内部螺旋地缠绕。
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