CN111237263A - Impact device for rock drill - Google Patents
Impact device for rock drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237263A CN111237263A CN202010022562.1A CN202010022562A CN111237263A CN 111237263 A CN111237263 A CN 111237263A CN 202010022562 A CN202010022562 A CN 202010022562A CN 111237263 A CN111237263 A CN 111237263A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108091027981 Response element Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/021—Installations or systems with accumulators used for damping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
- F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1428—Cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/22—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an impact device for a rock drill, which comprises a pilot oil control valve, a buffer cylinder, a first energy accumulator arranged between the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder, and a hydraulic oil passage used for connecting the pilot oil control valve, the first energy accumulator and the buffer cylinder; a buffer cavity (19) is further arranged between the piston rod (9) and the cylinder body (16), the buffer cavity (19) is connected with the low-pressure oil return path, a control one-way valve (18), an overflow valve (20) and a second energy accumulator (17) are further arranged between the buffer cavity (19) and the low-pressure oil return path, and a first-order inertia link system formed by resistance elements and capacitive elements is formed by a fine damping hole and the second energy accumulator, so that pressure response (relative to pressure fluctuation) of the system has a time lag, and the influence of fluctuation can be effectively inhibited when the system is in the face of the condition that sudden pressure fluctuation is not in time to react, and the buffering effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock drills, in particular to an impact device for the rock drill.
Background
Rock drills, which are tools used to directly mine rock, drill blastholes into rock formations to deposit explosives to blast the rock, thereby completing the mining of rock or other stone works. The hydraulic rock drill is a novel rock drill appearing in recent years, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil is used as power to drive an impact piston to reciprocate at high speed and high frequency to impact a drill rod so as to perform hole drilling. Compared with pneumatic rock drills, the pneumatic rock drill has the advantages of low energy consumption, high rock drilling speed, high efficiency, low noise and the like, and is rapidly developed.
The rock drill mainly comprises an impact mechanism and a swing mechanism, wherein the impact mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, a reversing valve, an energy accumulator and the like, and hydraulic oil sequentially enters a stroke action cavity and a return action cavity through switching of the reversing valve to push the piston rod to rapidly and high-frequency reciprocate. When the piston cylinder impacts the drill rod at a high speed in the stroke process, huge impact force is generated, the drill rod transmits the impact force to rocks for drilling, after the impact is finished, the rocks rebound the drill rod and the piston rod, the general rock drill is provided with a buffer device aiming at the rebound of the drill rod, and the rebound phenomenon of the piston rod is favorable for accelerating the return stroke of the piston rod and does not need buffering. During the return stroke, the piston rod returns at a high speed, and near the end, it is rapidly lowered until it reaches zero. At present, generally, an oil way of a stroke acting cavity of a slide valve is gradually closed, oil flows through a gap to generate heat energy, and the oil temperature of a hydraulic system is increased; when the oil path of the slide valve stroke acting cavity is closed, the high pressure is generated to reduce the speed and buffer, so that the high pressure in the closed space is suddenly released, and instant hydraulic impact can be generated.
In the traditional design, an accumulator is used for buffering, but the accumulator only reduces the peak value of pressure flow properly and does not take corresponding measures on the phase angle of a pressure fluctuation source so as to lead a pressure fluctuation response element and the pressure fluctuation source to be staggered in response time for protecting stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the problems set forth in the background above by providing a percussion device for rock drilling machines with a percussion mechanism where energy can be recovered.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an impact device for a rock drill, which comprises a pilot oil control valve, a buffer cylinder, a first energy accumulator arranged between the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder, and a hydraulic oil passage used for connecting the pilot oil control valve, the first energy accumulator and the buffer cylinder;
the pilot oil control valve comprises a valve sleeve and a valve core, and the valve core is coaxially arranged in the valve sleeve and can move along the axis of a central hole of the valve sleeve; a first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity, a first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity, a slide valve control oil cavity, a first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity, a slide valve transition cavity and a second slide valve high-pressure oil cavity are fixedly arranged between the valve sleeve and the valve core, and the first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity, the first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity, the slide valve control oil cavity, the first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity, the slide valve transition cavity and the second slide valve high-pressure oil cavity are controlled to be opened or closed by the movement of the valve core in the valve sleeve along the axis of the;
preferably, the valve sleeve is provided with a first inner cylinder, a second inner cylinder, a first shoulder shaft, a second shoulder shaft and a third shoulder shaft which deviate from the central shaft along the radial direction from the central shaft; the diameter of the first inner cylinder is less than the diameter of the second inner cylinder; the first shoulder shaft, the second shoulder shaft and the third shoulder shaft are arranged between the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder;
preferably, the valve core is provided with a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a shaft arm for connecting the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and a clamping groove arranged on the first cylinder, wherein the first cylinder and the second cylinder are arranged on the central shaft of the valve core along the radial direction away from the central shaft; the diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than that of the second cylinder; a second sliding valve high-pressure oil cavity is formed between the first end face of the first cylinder and the third end face of the valve sleeve, and a first sliding valve high-pressure oil cavity is formed between the first end face of the second cylinder and the fourth end face of the valve sleeve.
The buffer cylinder comprises a piston rod and a cylinder body, and the piston rod is coaxially arranged in the cylinder body and can move along the axis direction of a central hole of the cylinder body; a stroke acting cavity, an oil return cavity, a stroke control cavity, a return stroke control cavity and a return stroke acting cavity are also arranged between the piston rod and the cylinder body; the stroke acting cavity is connected with the transition oil cavity through a low-pressure oil return path; the oil return cavity is connected with the low-pressure oil return path; the stroke control cavity, the return stroke control cavity and the return stroke action cavity are connected with the slide valve control oil cavity through a high-pressure oil inlet circuit.
The hydraulic oil passage is controlled by a hydraulic system and comprises a low-pressure oil return passage and a high-pressure oil inlet passage, and oil flows into the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder from the high-pressure oil inlet passage and flows out of the buffer cylinder and the pilot oil control valve through the low-pressure oil return passage.
As a further scheme of the invention: a buffer cavity is further arranged between the piston rod and the cylinder body and is connected with the low-pressure oil return path;
preferably, in order to control the opening and closing between the buffer cavity and the oil return path, a one-way valve is further arranged between the buffer cavity and the low-pressure oil return path;
preferably, in order to prevent the buffer cavity from absorbing too much hydraulic energy to cause too high hydraulic pressure, an overflow valve is further arranged between the buffer cavity and the low-pressure oil return path;
preferably, in order to enable the pressure response of the system to have a time lag relative to the pressure fluctuation, a second energy accumulator is further arranged between the buffer cavity and the low-pressure oil return path;
as a further scheme of the invention: and the second accumulator is isolated from the hydraulic system through a one-way valve and an overflow valve.
As a further scheme of the invention: the one-way valve which is arranged between the buffer cavity and the low-pressure oil return path and used for controlling the opening and closing between the buffer cavity and the low-pressure oil return path can also be a structure which can generate pressure through flow, such as an overflow valve, a sequence valve and the like.
As a further scheme of the invention: a damping oil groove and an oil duct are also arranged between the piston rod and the cylinder body, and the oil duct is connected with the buffer cavity and is connected with the oil groove through a damping hole;
preferably, in order to realize damping in the acceleration or high-speed return stage of the piston rod in the return stroke process, the number of the damping holes is 1 or more.
As a further scheme of the invention: the pilot oil control valve adopts a negative opening structure, and the width of a convex shoulder of the valve core is smaller than that of the transition cavity of the slide valve, so that a narrow gap and a closed space are prevented from being formed when the valve core moves.
As a further scheme of the invention: the width of the oil groove is equal to the return stroke width of the piston rod.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the invention, the first energy accumulator is arranged between the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder, and the energy stored in the first energy accumulator is released to act with the oil pushing liquid of the piston rod so as to shorten the acceleration process of the piston rod, thereby realizing that the highest speed is quickly reached when the stroke starts.
(2) The invention is provided with a buffer cavity which is separated from the stroke acting cavity and is independently arranged, the buffer cavity is connected with the low-pressure oil return path through a one-way valve, and the buffer cavity is also connected with the second energy accumulator through the low-pressure oil return path so as to recover the kinetic energy of the piston rod and the hydraulic energy acting on the piston rod in the return process.
(3) A first-order inertia link system consisting of a resistive element and a capacitive element is formed by adopting the tiny damping hole and the second energy accumulator, so that the pressure response (relative to pressure fluctuation) of the system has a time lag, the influence of the fluctuation can be effectively inhibited when the system is in the face of the condition that the sudden pressure fluctuation is not in time to react, and the buffering effect is improved.
(4) In order to realize damping in the acceleration or high-speed return stage of the piston rod in the return stroke process, a plurality of damping holes are arranged, so that damping reduction or blocking in return stroke buffering and energy recovery is realized.
(5) The second accumulator is isolated from the hydraulic system by adopting the check valve and the overflow valve, so that the pressure of the overflow valve can be set higher, and the storage capacity of the second accumulator is improved.
(6) The pilot oil control valve adopts a negative opening structure, the width (L) of a convex shoulder of the valve core is smaller than the width (S) of the transition cavity of the slide valve, so that a narrow gap and a closed space are prevented from being formed when the valve core moves, the generation of heat energy when hydraulic oil flows through the gap is reduced, and the cavitation caused by hydraulic impact or negative pressure when the closed space is suddenly opened or closed is avoided.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the pilot oil control valve structure in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the valve cartridge structure of the present invention.
Wherein:
1: valve sleeve, 1-1 first inner cylinder, 1-2 second inner cylinder, 1-3 first shoulder shaft, 1-4 second shoulder shaft, 1-5 third shoulder shaft, 1-6: third end face, 2: stroke acting chamber, 3: valve core, 3-1: first cylinder, 3-2: second cylinder, 3-3: shaft arm, 3-4: first end face, 3-5: second end face, 4: oil return cavity, 5: first accumulator, 6: impact control cavity, 7: return control chamber, 8: return action chamber, 9: piston rod, 10: first spool high-pressure oil chamber, 11: second spool low-pressure oil chamber, 12: slide valve control oil chamber, 13: first spool low-pressure oil chamber, 14: slide valve transition chamber, 15: second spool high-pressure oil chamber, 16: cylinder, 17: second accumulator, 18: check valve, 19: buffer chamber, 20: relief valve, 21: large orifice, 23: small orifice, 23: oil groove, 24: an oil passage.
For better illustration, the low-pressure return line is shown in the figure, and the high-pressure oil inlet line is shown in the figure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of a described object is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
Referring to fig. 1, an impact device for a rock drill includes a pilot oil control valve, a cushion cylinder, a first accumulator 5 disposed between the pilot oil control valve and the cushion cylinder, and a hydraulic oil passage for connecting the pilot oil control valve and the first accumulator 5 with the cushion cylinder;
the pilot oil control valve comprises a valve sleeve 1 and a valve core 3, wherein the valve core 3 is coaxially arranged in the valve sleeve 1 and can move along the axis of a central hole of the valve sleeve 1; a first slide valve high-pressure oil chamber 10 and a second slide valve high-pressure oil chamber 15 are formed at two ends of the valve core 3 and two ends of a central hole of the valve sleeve 1 respectively, and the area of the first slide valve high-pressure oil chamber 10 and the area of the second slide valve high-pressure oil chamber 15 are adjusted through movement of the valve core 3 in the valve sleeve 1 respectively.
Preferably, the valve sleeve 1 is provided with a first inner cylinder 1-1, a second inner cylinder 1-2, a first shoulder shaft 1-3, a second shoulder shaft 1-4 and a third shoulder shaft 1-5 which are deviated from the central shaft along the radial direction from the central shaft, the diameter of the first inner cylinder 1-1 is smaller than that of the second inner cylinder 1-2, and the first shoulder shaft 1-3, the second shoulder shaft 1-4 and the third shoulder shaft 1-5 are arranged between the first inner cylinder 1-1 and the second inner cylinder 1-2; a first sliding valve low-pressure oil cavity 11 is formed among the first shoulder shaft 1-3, the second inner cylinder 1-2 and the valve core 3, a sliding valve control oil cavity 12 is formed among the second shoulder shaft 1-4, the first shoulder shaft 1-3 and the valve core 3, a first sliding valve low-pressure oil cavity 13 is formed among the third shoulder shaft 1-5, the second shoulder shaft 1-4 and the valve core 3, a sliding valve transition cavity 14 is formed among the first inner cylinder 1-1, the third shoulder shaft 1-5 and the valve core 3, and the first sliding valve low-pressure oil cavity 11, the sliding valve control oil cavity 12, the first sliding valve low-pressure oil cavity 13 and the sliding valve transition cavity 14 are respectively opened or closed by the movement of the valve core 3 in the valve sleeve 1 along the axis of the central hole. The valve core 3 is provided with a first cylinder 3-1, a second cylinder 3-2, a shaft arm 3-3 for connecting the first cylinder 3-1 and the second cylinder 3-2 and a clamping groove 3-4 arranged on the first cylinder 3-1, wherein the first cylinder 3-1 and the second cylinder 3-2 are deviated from the central axis along the radial direction; the diameter of the first cylinder 3-1 is smaller than that of the second cylinder 3-2; the first cylinder 3-1 is connected with the first inner cylinder 1-1, the second cylinder 3-2 is connected with the second inner cylinder 1-2 and the second shoulder shaft 1-4, the shaft arm 3-3 is connected with the first shoulder shaft 1-3, and the clamping groove 3-4 is connected with the third shoulder shaft 1-5; the distance L from the second end face 3-6 of the second cylinder 3-2 to the clamping groove 3-4 is smaller than the width (S) of the slide valve transition cavity 14.
The buffer cylinder comprises a piston rod 9 and a cylinder body 16, the piston rod 9 is coaxially arranged in the cylinder body 16 and can move along the axial direction of a central hole of the cylinder body 16; a stroke action cavity 2, an oil return cavity 4, a stroke control cavity 6, a return stroke control cavity 7 and a return stroke action cavity 8 are further arranged between the piston rod 9 and the cylinder body 16, and the stroke action cavity 2, the oil return cavity 4, the stroke control cavity 6, the return stroke control cavity 7 and the return stroke action cavity 8 are communicated or closed with the cylinder body 16 respectively through the movement of the piston rod 9 in the cylinder body 16 along the central axis; the stroke action chamber 6 is connected with the slide valve transition chamber 14 through a low-pressure oil return path; the oil return cavity 4 is connected with a low-pressure oil return path; the stroke control cavity 2, the return stroke control cavity 7 and the return stroke acting cavity 8 are connected with a slide valve control oil cavity 12 through a high-pressure oil inlet path.
Preferably, a buffer cavity 19 is further arranged between the piston rod 9 and the cylinder body 16, the buffer cavity 19 is respectively connected with the second energy accumulator 17, the check valve 18 and the overflow valve 20 through a low-pressure oil return path, the check valve 18 and the overflow valve 20 are connected with the hydraulic system through a low-pressure oil return path, and the second energy accumulator 17 is isolated through the check valve 18 and the overflow valve 20; in the return process, the kinetic energy of the piston rod 9 and the hydraulic energy acting on the piston rod 9 are added and recycled through the second energy accumulator 17;
preferably, a damping oil groove 23 and an oil passage 24 are further provided between the piston rod 9 and the cylinder 16, and the oil passage 24 is connected to the buffer cavity 19 and connected to the oil groove 23 through the large damping hole 21 and the small damping hole 22.
The hydraulic oil passage is controlled by a hydraulic system;
preferably, the hydraulic oil passage includes a low-pressure oil return passage and a high-pressure oil inlet passage, and the oil flows into the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder from the high-pressure oil inlet passage and flows out from the buffer cylinder and the pilot oil control valve through the low-pressure oil return passage.
The working principle and the steps of the invention are as follows:
when in return stroke, the impact piston rod 9 moves leftwards, so that a return stroke acting cavity 8 and a return stroke control cavity 7 are communicated with a slide valve control oil cavity 12, oil enters the slide valve control oil cavity 12 through a high-pressure oil inlet passage, until the sum of the effective area of a second slide valve high-pressure oil cavity 15 and the effective area of the slide valve control oil cavity 12 is larger than the effective acting area of a first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity 10, and the valve core 3 moves leftwards; during the movement of the spool 3, the spool valve transition chamber 14 and the first spool valve low-pressure oil chamber 13 are gradually closed, and subsequently, the spool valve transition chamber 14 and the second spool valve high-pressure oil chamber 15 are gradually opened.
During the stroke, the piston rod 9 moves rightwards, the oil return cavity 4 is communicated with the stroke control cavity 6 through a groove on the piston rod 9, the slide valve control oil cavity 12 is unloaded, the effective action area of the first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity 10 is larger than that of the second slide valve high-pressure oil cavity 15, and the piston rod 9 and the valve core 3 move rightwards; during the rightward movement of the spool 3, the spool valve transition chamber 14 and the second spool valve high-pressure oil chamber 15 are gradually closed, and subsequently, the spool valve transition chamber 14 and the first spool valve low-pressure oil chamber 13 are gradually opened.
In the process that the piston rod 9 runs towards the second energy accumulator 17 in the return stroke, the piston rod 9 pushes oil in a part of pipeline communicated with the piston rod 9 and the second energy accumulator 17 to move, the pressure is increased along with the increase of the displacement value, and as the oil filled into the second energy accumulator 17 is continuously increased, the pressure in the second energy accumulator 17 is continuously increased, so that the reaction force acting on the piston rod 9 in the impact direction is increased, and the application of the buffer action force is relatively gentle; when the piston rod 9 moves in the stroke direction, the oil in the second energy accumulator 17 pushes the impact piston rod 9 to accelerate to the stroke direction, and the cavitation phenomenon in the cavity between the second energy accumulator 17 and the piston rod 9 is avoided through the check valve 18 and the overflow valve 20 arranged in the cavity between the second energy accumulator 17 and the piston rod 9.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A percussion device for rock drilling machines, characterized by: the hydraulic control system comprises a pilot oil control valve, a buffer cylinder, a first energy accumulator arranged between the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder, and a hydraulic oil passage used for connecting the pilot oil control valve, the first energy accumulator and the buffer cylinder;
the pilot oil control valve comprises a valve sleeve (1) and a valve core (3), wherein the valve core (3) is coaxially arranged in the valve sleeve (1) and can move along the axis of a central hole of the valve sleeve (1), a first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity (10), a first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity (11), a slide valve control oil cavity (12), a first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity (11), a slide valve transition cavity (14) and a second slide valve high-pressure oil cavity (15) are fixedly arranged between the valve sleeve (1) and the valve core (3), and the valve core (3) moves along the axis of the central hole in the valve sleeve (1) to control the opening or closing of the first slide valve high-pressure oil cavity (10), the first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity (11), the slide valve control oil cavity (12), the first slide valve low-pressure oil cavity (11), the slide valve transition cavity (14) and;
the buffer cylinder comprises a piston rod (9) and a cylinder body (16), the piston rod (9) is coaxially arranged in the cylinder body (16) and can move along the axis direction of a central hole of the cylinder body (16), and a stroke acting cavity (2), an oil return cavity (4), a stroke control cavity, a return stroke control cavity (7) and a return stroke acting cavity (8) are further arranged between the piston rod (9) and the cylinder body (16); the stroke acting cavity (2) is connected with the transition oil cavity through a low-pressure oil return path; the oil return cavity (4) is connected with a low-pressure oil return path; the stroke control cavity (6), the return stroke control cavity (7) and the return stroke action cavity (8) are connected with the slide valve control oil cavity (12) through a high-pressure oil inlet path;
the hydraulic oil passage is controlled by a hydraulic system and comprises a low-pressure oil return passage and a high-pressure oil inlet passage, and oil flows into the pilot oil control valve and the buffer cylinder from the high-pressure oil inlet passage and flows out of the buffer cylinder and the pilot oil control valve through the low-pressure oil return passage.
2. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a buffer cavity (19) is further arranged between the piston rod (9) and the cylinder body (16), and the buffer cavity (19) is connected with the second energy accumulator (17) through a low-pressure oil return path.
3. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 2, characterized in that: an oil groove (23) and an oil duct (24) are further arranged between the piston rod (9) and the cylinder body (16), and the oil duct (24) is connected with the buffer cavity (19) and is connected with the oil groove (23) through a damping hole.
4. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 3, characterized in that: the damping hole is equipped with 1 and more.
5. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a one-way valve (18) and an overflow valve (20) are further arranged between the buffer cavity (19) and the low-pressure oil return path, and the second energy accumulator (17) is isolated from the hydraulic system by the one-way valve (18) and the overflow valve (20).
6. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second energy accumulator (17) can also be provided as a spring or other energy storage device.
7. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to claim 6, characterized in that: the one-way valve (18) arranged between the buffer cavity (19) and the low-pressure oil return path can also be an overflow valve, a sequence valve or other structures which generate pressure through flow.
8. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the pilot oil control valve adopts a negative opening structure, and the width (L) of a convex shoulder of the valve core (3) is smaller than the width (S) of the slide valve transition cavity (14).
9. A percussion device for rock drilling machines according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the return stroke width b of the piston rod (9) is equal to the width a of the oil groove (23).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010022562.1A CN111237263A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Impact device for rock drill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010022562.1A CN111237263A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Impact device for rock drill |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111779734A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Hydraulic rock drill for realizing energy recycling |
| CN113356755A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 广东三水合肥工业大学研究院 | Hydraulic impact device and control system thereof |
| CN113404422A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南烈岩科技有限公司 | Hydraulic rock drill |
| CN114000822A (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2022-02-01 | 江西沃斯德凿岩液压有限公司 | Impact mechanism of rock drill |
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| CN113356755A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 广东三水合肥工业大学研究院 | Hydraulic impact device and control system thereof |
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| CN114000822A (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2022-02-01 | 江西沃斯德凿岩液压有限公司 | Impact mechanism of rock drill |
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Application publication date: 20200605 |