CN113404422A

CN113404422A - Hydraulic rock drill

Info

Publication number: CN113404422A
Application number: CN202110739426.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周明; 伍国正
Original assignee: Hunan Lieyan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Lieyan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-30
Also published as: CN113404422B

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic rock drill, which comprises: the first functional part, the second functional part, the third functional part and the fourth functional part are connected in sequence; according to the corresponding relation between functions and structures, the hydraulic rock drill is split into four relatively independent functional parts, and the four relatively independent functional parts are connected by using the short screws in sequence to form a whole, so that the method for carrying out structural connection by using the long screws in the prior art is effectively replaced. In the prior art, the long screw is not well stressed and bent due to high vibration frequency, large amplitude and other reasons in the working process of the hydraulic rock drill, and finally the three-section structure of the hydraulic rock drill is not firmly connected and the stability of the whole machine is poor. Compared with the prior art, the invention optimizes the structural stress and greatly enhances the overall stability, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the equipment.

Description

Hydraulic rock drill

Technical Field

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of rock drills, in particular to a hydraulic rock drill.

Background

The hydraulic rock drill is a rock drill machine which uses high-pressure oil as power to drive a piston to impact a drill rod and is provided with an independent swing mechanism. The hydraulic rock drill controls the piston to reciprocate, and drives the drill rod to repeatedly impact the rock so as to realize the cutting function of the rock drill. The oil pressure is higher than the air pressure, and the working efficiency is higher as the oil pressure is higher than the air pressure and can reach more than 10 MPa. Although the hydraulic rock drill is similar to the pneumatic rock drill, the piston has smaller diameter, larger length and better waveform, thereby having the characteristics of high drilling speed, high impact power, large torque, high frequency and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional hydraulic rock drill has a three-stage structure, and three successively connected structures are connected by a long screw penetrating through the middle structure. The hydraulic rock drill has the characteristics of high drilling speed, high impact power, large torque, high frequency and the like, so that the impact speed between an impact piston and a steel chisel and between the steel chisel and external rocks is high, the force is large, and the vibration frequency and the amplitude of the rock drill in a working state are high. The existing hydraulic rock drill completely combines three sections of structures into a whole by means of the tension of a long screw, but the long screw has a longer force arm and is not well stressed and easy to bend, so that the three sections of structures of the hydraulic rock drill are not firmly connected, and the stability of the whole hydraulic rock drill is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and solve the problem that the existing hydraulic rock drill is unstable in structure through a long bolt.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a hydraulic rock drill, including: the first functional part, the second functional part, the third functional part and the fourth functional part are connected in sequence;

a group of first through holes are formed at the rear end of the first functional part, a group of first screw holes matched with the first through holes are formed at the front end of the second functional part, and a bolt passes through the first through holes and then is inserted into the first screw holes so as to connect the first functional part with the second functional part;

a group of second screw holes are formed at the rear end of the second function part, a group of second through holes matched with the second screw holes are formed at the front end of the third function part, and a bolt passes through the second through holes and then is inserted into the second screw holes so as to connect the second function part with the third function part;

the rear end of the third functional part is provided with a group of third screw holes, the front end of the fourth functional part is provided with a group of third through holes matched with the third screw holes, and the bolt passes through the third through holes and then is inserted into the third screw holes to connect the third functional part and the fourth functional part.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the first functional part comprises a flushing assembly, the second functional part comprises a rotation assembly and a buffer assembly, and the third functional part and the fourth functional part jointly form a shock assembly;

the flushing assembly and the rotating assembly form a first chamber for accommodating steel drill rods together; the damping assembly and the impact assembly together form a second chamber for accommodating an impact piston; the front end of the second chamber is communicated with the rear end of the first chamber.

A central hole with an opening at the front end is formed in the front section of the steel chisel, and the flushing assembly can inject gas or/and liquid into the central hole; the rear section of the steel chisel is inserted into the rotary assembly, and the rotary assembly can drive the steel chisel to rotate along the central axis.

The head of the impact piston can penetrate out of the second chamber, enter the first chamber and impact the tail end of the steel chisel; the impact assembly is communicated with hydraulic oil into the second chamber, and the impact piston can reciprocate along the central axis of the second chamber under the pushing of the hydraulic oil.

The buffering assembly comprises a thrust collar and a buffering piston;

the thrust ring is sleeved at the rear end of the steel chisel and used for limiting the backward axial displacement of the steel chisel;

the second cavity expands along the radial direction to form an annular channel, the buffer piston is installed at the front end of the second cavity and seals the annular channel, and hydraulic oil capable of pushing the buffer piston to move forwards to abut against the thrust ring is injected into the annular channel;

when the drill steel rebounds, the drill steel impacts the thrust ring, then the thrust ring impacts the buffer piston backwards, and when the buffer piston is impacted, the buffer piston moves backwards and extrudes hydraulic oil out of the annular channel.

The buffer assembly is provided with an oil inlet channel communicated with the second chamber, and the oil inlet channel is used for injecting the hydraulic oil into the second chamber;

the buffering assembly is formed with the oil outlet channel of intercommunication second cavity, and oil outlet channel is used for when the buffering piston suffers the clash hydraulic oil in the discharge second cavity.

The buffering piston is provided with a conical through hole matched with the head of the impact piston, and the head of the impact piston can penetrate through the conical through hole and impact the tail end of the steel chisel.

The middle section of the oil inlet channel is provided with a damping hole, and the pressure of liquid is reduced after passing through the damping hole.

The third functional part is respectively provided with two high-pressure energy accumulators and a low-pressure energy accumulator; the two high-pressure energy accumulators are positioned on the adjacent sides of the third functional part, the low-pressure energy accumulator is positioned on the opposite side of one high-pressure energy accumulator, and the two high-pressure energy accumulators are communicated through an oil return pipeline;

the oil return pipeline comprises a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section, the high-pressure section is communicated with the high-pressure energy accumulator, and the low-pressure section is communicated with the low-pressure energy accumulator.

The high-pressure accumulator and the low-pressure accumulator are both diaphragm type accumulators.

The rear end of the third functional part is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil port and a low-pressure oil port; the inlet end of the high-pressure section is connected with the high-pressure oil port, and the outlet end of the low-pressure section is connected with the low-pressure oil port.

The impact assembly is formed with a mounting cavity, an impact cylinder sleeve is detachably fixed in the mounting cavity, and the impact piston is located in the impact cylinder sleeve.

And a plurality of oil passages are formed in the impact cylinder sleeve, and hydraulic oil can enter the second chamber through the oil passages and push the impact piston to move along the axial direction of the impact cylinder sleeve.

The fourth functional part comprises a reversing mechanism; the reversing mechanism comprises a reversing valve sleeve, a reversing valve core, an impact cylinder sleeve and an impact piston;

the reversing valve core is installed in the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve, the impact piston is installed in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve, and the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve is communicated with the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve through an oil pipe;

the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core and the impact piston to reciprocate, and when the reversing valve core moves leftwards for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston to advance; when the impact piston advances for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core to move right; when the reversing valve core moves to the right for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston to retreat; when the impact piston retreats for a preset distance, hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core to move left, and the operation is repeated in a circulating mode.

The reversing valve sleeve and the reversing valve core jointly enclose an alternating cavity and a signal cavity, when the reversing valve core moves to the left for a preset distance, high-pressure oil is injected into the alternating cavity, and when the reversing valve core moves to the right for a preset distance, low-pressure oil is injected into the alternating cavity;

the reversing valve core is provided with a first signal boss matched with the signal cavity, and when high-pressure oil enters the signal cavity, the high-pressure oil pushes the reversing valve core to move left through the first signal boss; otherwise, the reversing valve core moves to the right;

the impact cylinder sleeve and the impact piston jointly enclose a front cavity and a rear cavity, when the impact piston moves forward for a preset distance, low-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity, and when the impact piston moves backward for a preset distance, high-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity;

the impact piston is provided with a second signal boss matched with the rear cavity, when high-pressure oil enters the rear cavity, the high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston to move forwards through the second signal boss, otherwise, the impact piston moves backwards;

the front cavity is communicated with the signal cavity, and the rear cavity is communicated with the alternate cavity.

The inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve is provided with two inner convex rings, and the outer wall of the reversing valve core is provided with two outer convex rings so as to divide the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve into an alternating cavity, a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity;

low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure cavity and is positioned on the left side of the alternating cavity; high-pressure oil is introduced into the high-pressure cavity and is positioned on the right side of the alternating cavity;

and through the reciprocating motion of the reversing valve core, the alternating cavities are alternately communicated with the high-pressure cavity or the low-pressure cavity.

A high-pressure groove and a low-pressure groove are formed in the inner wall of the impact cylinder sleeve, and high-pressure oil is introduced into the high-pressure groove and is positioned on the front side of the front cavity; low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure groove and is positioned on the rear side of the front cavity;

an annular groove is formed in the outer surface of the impact piston, and the annular groove can communicate the front cavity with the low-pressure groove through movement of the impact piston.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

according to the corresponding relation between functions and structures, the hydraulic rock drill is split into four relatively independent functional parts, and the four relatively independent functional parts are connected by using the short screws in sequence to form a whole, so that the method for carrying out structural connection by using the long screws in the prior art is effectively replaced. In the prior art, the long screw is not well stressed and bent due to high vibration frequency, large amplitude and other reasons in the working process of the hydraulic rock drill, and finally the three-section structure of the hydraulic rock drill is not firmly connected and the stability of the whole machine is poor. Compared with the prior art, the invention optimizes the structural stress and greatly enhances the overall stability, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a prior art schematic;

fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a hydraulic rock drill according to the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a hydraulic rock drill according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic left side view of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic view in partial cross-section of a hydraulic rock drill according to the invention;

fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the H-H section of fig. 6.

The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a first functional section; 2. a second functional section; 3. a third functional section; 4. a fourth functional section; 71. a thrust ring; 72. a cushion piston; 73. an annular channel; 81. an impact piston; 82. impacting the cylinder sleeve; 83. a front cavity; 84. a rear cavity; 9. steel chisel; 91. a central bore; 101. a reversing valve sleeve; 102. a reversing valve core; 103. alternating chambers; 104. a signal cavity; 105. a high pressure chamber; 106. a low pressure chamber; 111. a first signal boss; 112. a second signal boss; 113. an inner collar; 114. an outer convex ring; 115. a high pressure tank; 116. a low pressure tank; 117. an annular groove.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

The invention discloses a hydraulic rock drill.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, a first embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention includes: a first functional part 1, a second functional part 2, a third functional part 3 and a fourth functional part 4 which are connected in sequence;

a group of first through holes are formed at the rear end of the first functional part 1, a group of first screw holes matched with the first through holes are formed at the front end of the second functional part 2, and bolts penetrate through the first through holes and are inserted into the first screw holes so as to connect the first functional part 1 and the second functional part 2;

a group of second screw holes are formed at the rear end of the second functional part 2, a group of second through holes matched with the second screw holes are formed at the front end of the third functional part 3, and bolts penetrate through the second through holes and are inserted into the second screw holes so as to connect the second functional part 2 with the third functional part 3;

the rear end of the third functional part 3 forms a group of third screw holes, the front end of the fourth functional part 4 forms a group of third through holes matched with the third screw holes, and the bolt passes through the third through holes and then is inserted into the third screw holes so as to connect the third functional part 3 and the fourth functional part 4.

In this embodiment, the first functional part 1 includes a flushing assembly, the second functional part includes a rotation assembly and a buffer assembly, and the third functional part 3 and the fourth functional part 4 together form an impact assembly;

the flushing assembly and the rotating assembly form a first chamber for accommodating the steel drill 9; the damping assembly and the percussion assembly together form a second chamber for accommodating the percussion piston 81; the front end of the second chamber is communicated with the rear end of the first chamber.

The rock drill is divided into a flushing assembly, a rotary assembly, a buffering assembly and an impact assembly by distinguishing functions and structures of the rock drill, and all the assemblies can be disassembled through the corresponding functional parts. Meanwhile, a channel is formed in the middle of each of the flushing assembly and the rotating assembly, when the flushing assembly and the rotating assembly are assembled, the two channels are connected into a whole to form a first cavity, and the steel chisel 9 is detachably installed in the first cavity; a channel is also formed in the middle of both the cushion assembly and the impact assembly, and when the two channels are assembled, the two channels are connected to form a second chamber, and the impact piston 81 is located in the second chamber. When a local fault occurs, the corresponding assembly, the steel chisel 9 or the impact piston 81 can be disassembled independently for maintenance or replacement, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and the maintenance cost.

In this embodiment, a front section of the drill rod 9 is formed with a center hole 91 with an opening at the front end, and the flushing assembly can inject gas or/and liquid into the center hole 91; the rear section of the steel chisel 9 is inserted into a rotary assembly, and the rotary assembly can drive the steel chisel 9 to rotate along the central axis.

The head of the steel chisel 9 impacts the rock, and rock debris is accumulated in the hole formed by impact, so that the hole forming is influenced. A central hole 91 is arranged at the front section of the steel chisel 9, and gas or/and liquid is injected into the central hole, flows out from the head of the steel chisel 9, and discharges the slag from the hole. Meanwhile, a groove is chiseled out by each impact of the steel drill 9, the rotary assembly drives the steel drill 9 to rotate, and the rock is crushed by utilizing shearing force, so that a circular hole is formed.

In this embodiment, the head of the impact piston 81 can pass out of the second chamber into the first chamber and impact the tail end of the drill steel 9; the impact assembly feeds hydraulic oil into the second chamber, and the impact piston 81 can reciprocate along the central axis of the second chamber under the pushing of the hydraulic oil.

When the hydraulic rock drill is used for drilling rocks, hydraulic oil is injected into the second chamber to push the impact piston 81 to do high-frequency reciprocating motion, the tail end of the steel chisel 9 is continuously impacted, and the head of the steel chisel 9 crushes the rocks and drills the rocks to a certain depth under the action of the impact force to form a dent; after the impact piston 81 retracts, the rotary assembly drives the steel chisel 9 to rotate for a certain angle along the central axis; the impact piston 81 moves forward again and impacts the tail end of the drill steel 9, again forming a new groove in the rock. The sector rock mass between the two dents is sheared by the torque force generated by the rotation of the steel drill 9 driven by the rotation assembly. Meanwhile, the flushing assembly continuously inputs compressed air or/and pressure water into the central hole 91 of the drill steel 9, and the compressed air or/and pressure water flushes into the rock hole and discharges rock slag, namely, a circular drilling hole with a certain depth is formed.

Example 2

A second embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention, which is substantially the same as embodiment 1, differs in that:

in this embodiment, the cushion assembly includes a thrust collar 71 and a cushion piston 72;

the thrust ring 71 is sleeved at the rear end of the steel chisel 9 for limiting the backward axial displacement of the steel chisel 9;

the second cavity expands along the radial direction to form an annular channel 73, the buffer piston 72 is installed at the front end of the second cavity and closes the annular channel 73, and hydraulic oil capable of pushing the buffer piston 72 to move forwards to abut against the thrust ring 71 is filled in the annular channel 73;

the drill steel 9 hits the thrust collar 71 when it rebounds, and then the thrust collar 71 hits the cushion piston 72 backward, and the cushion piston 72 moves backward when it is hit and pushes hydraulic oil out of the annular passage 73.

When the drill bit impacts external rocks and rebounds, the steel drill rod 9 which axially moves backwards impacts the thrust collar 71, the thrust collar 71 then pushes the buffer piston 72 to move backwards, and hydraulic oil is gradually discharged under the extrusion of the buffer piston 72; the arrangement of the buffer piston 72 can limit the rebound displacement of the drill rod 9 and relieve the impact, and the hydraulic fluid is used for absorbing the impact energy to realize the buffer effect, thereby protecting the drill rod shank from being damaged.

In the embodiment, the buffer assembly is provided with an oil inlet channel communicated with the second chamber, and the oil inlet channel is used for injecting hydraulic oil into the second chamber;

the cushion assembly is formed with an oil outlet passage communicating with the second chamber for discharging hydraulic oil in the second chamber when the cushion piston 72 is subjected to a collision.

In order to facilitate the inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil, an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel which are communicated with the second cavity are formed in the buffer assembly respectively.

In this embodiment, the damping piston 72 is formed with a tapered through hole adapted to the head of the impact piston 81, and the head of the impact piston 81 can pass through the tapered through hole and strike the tail end of the drill rod 9.

In order to reduce the kinetic energy loss caused by the intermediate transmission, a conical through hole is formed at the tail part of the buffering piston 72, and when the impact piston 81 is in forward stroke, the head part can directly penetrate through the conical through hole to impact the tail end of the steel chisel 9, so that the direct transmission of energy is realized.

In this embodiment, oil feed passageway middle section is provided with the damping hole, and liquid reduces through damping hole back pressure.

In order to better adjust the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the cavity to a proper range, a damping hole is formed in the middle section of the oil inlet channel, and the pressure of the hydraulic oil is reduced through the damping hole.

Example 3

A third embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention, which is substantially the same as embodiment 1, differs in that:

in this embodiment, the third functional part 3 is provided with two high-pressure accumulators and one low-pressure accumulator respectively; the two high-pressure energy accumulators are positioned on the adjacent sides of the third functional part 3, the low-pressure energy accumulator is positioned on the opposite side of one high-pressure energy accumulator, and the two high-pressure energy accumulators are communicated through an oil return pipeline;

By arranging the high-pressure energy accumulator communicated with the high-pressure section of the oil return pipeline, the high-pressure energy accumulator can temporarily accommodate the hydraulic oil extruded by the backward movement of the impact piston 81 in the return stroke process of the impact piston 81, so that the energy storage function is realized; during the stroke of the impact piston 81, the hydraulic oil contained in the high-pressure accumulator is released for pushing the impact piston 81, so that energy is reused. Moreover, through setting up the low pressure energy storage ware that communicates with the time oil return line low pressure section, the low pressure energy storage ware can hold hydraulic oil temporarily when hydraulic pressure is great to release it when hydraulic pressure is less, thereby realize filtering height peak ripples, stabilize hydraulic function, and then solved the big problem of oil pipe range of beating.

In this embodiment, the high-pressure accumulator and the low-pressure accumulator are both diaphragm accumulators.

Compared with other types of accumulators, the diaphragm accumulator has the characteristics of stable performance, convenience in use and the like, and the diaphragm accumulator usually comprises a compensation circuit, so that the deviation range can be effectively controlled to improve the stability. And the diaphragm type energy accumulator mostly adopts a built-in pressure generating element and is provided with an electronic switch, and the parameter setting can be carried out only by a key, so the diaphragm type energy accumulator is convenient to use.

In this embodiment, the rear end of the third functional part 3 is provided with a high pressure oil port and a low pressure oil port respectively; the inlet end of the high-pressure section is connected with the high-pressure oil port, and the outlet end of the low-pressure section is connected with the low-pressure oil port.

The high-pressure oil port is used for inputting hydraulic oil in a high-pressure state to the oil return pipeline from the outside, the low-pressure oil port is used for discharging the hydraulic oil in a low-pressure state to the outside from the oil return pipeline, and the high-pressure oil port and the low-pressure oil port are part of an oil circuit of the hydraulic rock drill.

Example 4

A fourth embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention, which is substantially the same as embodiment 1, differs in that:

in this embodiment, the impact assembly is formed with a mounting cavity, an impact cylinder sleeve 82 is detachably fixed in the mounting cavity, and the impact piston 81 is located in the impact cylinder sleeve 82.

The impact piston 81 is effectively isolated from the mounting cavity by installing the impact cylinder sleeve 82 within the mounting cavity of the impact assembly and locating the impact piston 81 within the impact cylinder sleeve 82. Under the working condition, the impact piston 81 reciprocates at a high speed, and due to the arrangement of the impact cylinder sleeve 82, the impact piston 81 only impacts and rubs with the inner wall of the impact cylinder sleeve 82, so that the rest structures of the impact assembly can be protected from being damaged. Because the impact cylinder sleeve 82 is of a detachable installation structure, after the impact cylinder sleeve 82 is used for a period of time, the impact cylinder sleeve 82 is abraded and can be replaced independently, the impact assembly is prevented from being replaced, and therefore the use cost is effectively reduced.

In this embodiment, the impact cylinder sleeve 82 is formed with a plurality of oil passages, and hydraulic oil can enter the second chamber through the oil passages and push the impact piston 81 to move along the axial direction of the impact cylinder sleeve 82.

Because the impact piston 81 of the hydraulic rock drill is pushed and driven by hydraulic oil, external rocks can be impacted, the cutting function is realized, in order to ensure that the hydraulic oil can smoothly enter and exit the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve 82 to push the impact piston 81 to work, a plurality of oil passage channels are arranged on the impact cylinder sleeve 82, the hydraulic oil flows into or out of the impact cylinder sleeve 82 through the oil passage channels and reaches a preset position, and therefore thrust is generated on the impact piston 81.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a fifth embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill of the present invention is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that:

in the present embodiment, the fourth functional portion 4 includes a reversing mechanism; the reversing mechanism comprises a reversing valve sleeve 101, a reversing valve core 102, an impact cylinder sleeve 82 and an impact piston 81;

a reversing valve core 102 is arranged in an inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve 101, an impact piston 81 is arranged in an inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve 82, and the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve 101 is communicated with the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve 82 through an oil pipe;

the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core 102 and the impact piston 81 to reciprocate, and when the reversing valve core 102 moves leftwards for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston 81 to advance; when the impact piston 81 advances for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core 102 to move right; when the reversing valve core 102 moves to the right for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston 81 to retreat; when the impact piston 81 retreats for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core 102 to move left, and the operation is repeated in a circulating way.

By providing the reversing valve housing 101 and the impingement cylinder sleeve 82 which communicate through an oil pipe, a circulation space is formed. The reversing valve core 102 can reciprocate along the central axis in the reversing valve sleeve 101, the impact piston 81 can also reciprocate along the central axis in the impact cylinder sleeve 82, and when the reversing valve core 102 moves towards one end, the hydraulic state in the impact cylinder sleeve 82 can be changed, so that the movement direction of the impact piston 81 is changed; when the moving direction of the impact piston 81 is changed, the hydraulic state in the reversing valve sleeve 101 is reversely changed, so that the moving direction of the reversing valve core 102 is changed, the two reciprocating motion are mutually influenced, and the opposite steering is triggered by the self motion, so that the linkage is realized. Compared with the existing steering valve for the hydraulic rock drill, the hydraulic rock drill has the advantages that power is not required to be additionally provided for the steering valve, the direction control of the steering valve is closely related to the motion state of the impact piston 81, and the synchronism can be effectively guaranteed.

In this embodiment, the reversing valve sleeve 101 and the reversing valve core 102 jointly enclose an alternating cavity 103 and a signal cavity 104, when the reversing valve core 102 moves to the left by a preset distance, high-pressure oil is injected into the alternating cavity 103, and when the reversing valve core 102 moves to the right by a preset distance, low-pressure oil is injected into the alternating cavity 103;

the reversing valve core 102 is provided with a first signal boss 111 matched with the signal cavity 104, and when high-pressure oil enters the signal cavity 104, the high-pressure oil pushes the reversing valve core 102 to move left through the first signal boss 111; conversely, the diverter valve spool 102 moves to the right;

the impact cylinder sleeve 82 and the impact piston 81 jointly define a front cavity 83 and a rear cavity 84, when the impact piston 81 moves forward for a preset distance, low-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity 83, and when the impact piston 81 moves backward for a preset distance, high-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity 83;

the impact piston 81 is provided with a second signal boss 112 matched with the rear cavity 84, when high-pressure oil enters the rear cavity 84, the high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston 81 to move forward through the second signal boss 112, otherwise, the impact piston 81 moves backward;

the front chamber 83 communicates with the signal chamber 104 and the back chamber 84 communicates with the alternate chamber 103.

The movement direction of the impact piston 81 is determined by the hydraulic pressure difference of hydraulic oil, when the reversing valve core 102 moves left and right, a switch of the hydraulic oil entering and exiting the alternate cavity 103 is triggered, the hydraulic oil in a high-pressure state or a low-pressure state is controlled to alternately enter the alternate cavity 103, the hydraulic pressure of the alternate cavity 103 can determine the movement direction of the impact piston 81, and the reversing valve core 102 serves as an adjusting switch of the movement direction of the impact piston 81. The movement direction of the reversing valve core 102 is determined by the hydraulic pressure difference of hydraulic oil, when the impact piston 81 moves back and forth, the switch of the hydraulic oil entering and exiting the signal cavity 104 is triggered, the hydraulic oil in a high-pressure state or a low-pressure state is controlled to alternately enter the signal cavity 104, the hydraulic pressure of the signal cavity 104 can determine the movement direction of the reversing valve core 102, and the impact piston 81 reversely serves as an adjusting switch of the movement direction of the reversing valve core 102. The movement of the impact piston 81 determines the oil pressure of hydraulic oil injected into the front cavity 83, the oil pressure of hydraulic oil in the signal cavity 104 can determine the movement direction of the reversing valve core 102, and the front cavity 83 is communicated with the signal cavity 104, namely the movement of the impact piston 81 can adjust the movement direction of the reversing valve core 102, so that the function of reversing the reversing valve core 102 by the impact piston 81 is realized; similarly, the movement of the direction switching valve core 102 determines the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil injected into the alternate chamber 103, the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rear chamber 84 can determine the movement direction of the impact piston 81, and the rear chamber 84 is communicated with the alternate chamber 103, that is, the movement of the direction switching valve core 102 can reversely adjust the movement direction of the impact piston 81, thereby realizing the function of switching the direction of the impact piston 81 by using the direction switching valve core 102.

In this embodiment, the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve 101 forms two inner convex rings 113, and the outer wall of the reversing valve core 102 forms two outer convex rings 114, so as to divide the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve 101 into an alternating cavity 103, a high pressure cavity 105 and a low pressure cavity 106;

low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure cavity 106 and is positioned on the left side of the alternating cavity 103; high-pressure oil is introduced into the high-pressure cavity 105 and is positioned on the right side of the alternating cavity 103;

the alternate chambers 103 are alternately communicated with the high pressure chamber 105 or the low pressure chamber 106 by the reciprocating motion of the direction change spool 102.

In order to alternately inject high-pressure oil or low-pressure oil into the alternate cavity 103, the high-pressure cavity 105 is alternately closed and simultaneously communicated with the low-pressure cavity 106 or the high-pressure cavity 105 is communicated and simultaneously closed the low-pressure cavity 106 through the matching of the inner convex ring 113 and the outer convex ring 114. High-pressure oil and low-pressure oil are respectively introduced through the low-pressure cavity 106 and the high-pressure cavity 105, and in the movement process of the reversing valve core 102, the low-pressure cavity 106 and the high-pressure cavity 105 are alternately communicated with the alternate cavity 103, so that the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil in the alternate cavity 103 is changed.

In this embodiment, a high pressure groove 115 and a low pressure groove 116 are formed in the inner wall of the impact cylinder sleeve 82, and high pressure oil is introduced into the high pressure groove 115 and is located on the front side of the front cavity 83; low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure groove 116 and is positioned at the rear side of the front cavity 83;

an annular groove 117 is formed in the outer surface of the impact piston 81, and the annular groove 117 is capable of communicating the front chamber 83 and the low pressure groove 116 by the movement of the impact piston 81.

High pressure oil and low pressure oil are introduced through the provision of the high pressure groove 115 and the low pressure groove 116, respectively, and the high pressure groove 115 and the low pressure groove 116 alternately communicate with the front chamber 83 during the movement of the impact piston 81, thereby changing the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil in the front chamber 83. The annular groove 117 is used as a passage for communicating the front cavity 83 with the low-pressure groove 116, when the impact piston 81 moves backwards, the annular groove 117 is disconnected from the front cavity 83, low-pressure oil cannot enter the front cavity 83, and the front cavity 83 at the moment is filled with high-pressure oil; when the impact piston 81 advances forward, the annular groove 117 communicates with the front chamber 83, and the high-pressure groove 115 is disconnected from the front chamber 83, with the front chamber 83 filled with low-pressure oil.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic rock drill, comprising: a first functional part (1), a second functional part (2), a third functional part (3) and a fourth functional part (4) which are connected in sequence;

a group of first through holes are formed at the rear end of the first functional part (1), a group of first screw holes matched with the first through holes are formed at the front end of the second functional part (2), and bolts penetrate through the first through holes and are inserted into the first screw holes so as to connect the first functional part (1) with the second functional part (2);

a group of second screw holes are formed at the rear end of the second function part (2), a group of second through holes matched with the second screw holes are formed at the front end of the third function part (3), and bolts penetrate through the second through holes and are inserted into the second screw holes so as to connect the second function part (2) with the third function part (3);

the rear end of the third functional part (3) forms a group of third screw holes, the front end of the fourth functional part (4) forms a group of third through holes matched with the third screw holes, and a bolt penetrates through the third through holes and then is inserted into the third screw holes to connect the third functional part (3) with the fourth functional part (4).

2. Hydraulic rock drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first function (1) comprises a flushing assembly, the second function (2) comprises a swivel assembly and a damping assembly, the third function (3) and the fourth function (4) together constituting a percussion assembly;

the flushing assembly and the rotating assembly form a first chamber for accommodating a steel chisel (9) together; the damping assembly and the impact assembly together form a second chamber for accommodating an impact piston (81); the front end of the second chamber is communicated with the rear end of the first chamber.

3. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 2 characterized in that the front section of the drill steel (9) is formed with a central bore (91) open at the front end, the flushing assembly being capable of injecting gas and/or liquid into the central bore (91); the rear section of the steel chisel (9) is inserted into the rotary assembly, and the rotary assembly can drive the steel chisel (9) to rotate along the central axis.

4. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 3 characterized in that the impact piston (81) head is able to pass out of the second chamber into the first chamber and strike the drill steel (9) tail end; the impact assembly is communicated with hydraulic oil into the second chamber, and the impact piston (81) can reciprocate along the central axis of the second chamber under the pushing of the hydraulic oil.

5. A hydraulic rock drill according to any one of claims 2 to 4 wherein the damping assembly includes a thrust ring (71) and a damping piston (72);

the thrust ring (71) is sleeved at the rear end of the steel chisel (9) to limit the backward axial displacement of the steel chisel (9);

the second cavity expands in the radial direction to form an annular channel (73), the buffer piston (72) is installed at the front end of the second cavity and closes the annular channel (73), and hydraulic oil capable of pushing the buffer piston (72) to move forwards to abut against the thrust ring (71) is filled in the annular channel (73);

the drill steel (9) impacts the thrust ring (71) when rebounding, then the thrust ring (71) impacts the buffer piston (72) backwards, and the buffer piston (72) moves backwards when impacting and extrudes hydraulic oil out of the annular channel (73).

6. The hydraulic rock drill of claim 5, wherein the buffer assembly is formed with an oil inlet passage communicating with the second chamber, the oil inlet passage being for injecting the hydraulic oil into the second chamber;

the buffering assembly is formed with the oil outlet channel that communicates the second chamber, and the oil outlet channel is used for discharging the hydraulic oil in the second chamber when buffering piston (72) suffer to collide.

7. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 5 characterized in that the damping piston (72) is formed with a conical through hole adapted to the head of the impact piston (81), through which the head of the impact piston (81) can pass and strike the tail end of the drill steel (9).

8. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 6 wherein a damping orifice is provided in the middle section of the oil feed passage through which the pressure of the liquid is reduced.

9. A hydraulic rock drill according to any one of claims 1-4 characterized in that the third functional part (3) is provided with two high-pressure accumulators and one low-pressure accumulator, respectively; the two high-pressure energy accumulators are positioned on the adjacent sides of the third functional part (3), the low-pressure energy accumulator is positioned on the opposite side of one high-pressure energy accumulator, and the two high-pressure energy accumulators are communicated through an oil return pipeline;

10. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 9, characterized in that the high pressure accumulator and the low pressure accumulator are both diaphragm accumulators.

11. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 9, characterized in that the rear end of the third functional part (3) is provided with a high pressure oil port and a low pressure oil port, respectively; the inlet end of the high-pressure section is connected with the high-pressure oil port, and the outlet end of the low-pressure section is connected with the low-pressure oil port.

12. A hydraulic rock drill according to any one of claims 2-4 characterized in that the impact assembly is formed with a mounting cavity in which an impact cylinder liner (82) is removably secured, the impact piston (81) being located within the impact cylinder liner (82).

13. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 12 characterized in that the impact cylinder liner (82) is formed with a number of oil passages through which hydraulic oil can enter the second chamber and push the impact piston (81) to move axially along the impact cylinder liner (82).

14. Hydraulic rock drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fourth function (4) comprises a reversing mechanism; the reversing mechanism comprises a reversing valve sleeve (101), a reversing valve core (102), an impact cylinder sleeve (82) and an impact piston (81);

the reversing valve core (102) is installed in the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve (101), the impact piston (81) is installed in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve (82), and the inner cavity of the reversing valve sleeve (101) is communicated with the inner cavity of the impact cylinder sleeve (82) through an oil pipe;

the hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core (102) and the impact piston (81) to reciprocate, and when the reversing valve core (102) moves leftwards for a preset distance, the hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston (81) to advance; when the impact piston (81) advances for a preset distance, hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core (102) to move rightwards; when the reversing valve core (102) moves rightwards for a preset distance, hydraulic oil pushes the impact piston (81) to retreat; when the impact piston (81) retreats for a preset distance, hydraulic oil pushes the reversing valve core (102) to move left, and the operation is repeated in a circulating mode.

15. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 14 characterized in that the diverter valve sleeve (101) and the diverter valve spool (102) together define an alternate chamber (103) and a signal chamber (104), high pressure oil being injected into the alternate chamber (103) when the diverter valve spool (102) is displaced to the left by a predetermined distance, and low pressure oil being injected into the alternate chamber (103) when the diverter valve spool (102) is displaced to the right by a predetermined distance;

the reversing valve core (102) is provided with a first signal boss (111) matched with the signal cavity (104), and when high-pressure oil enters the signal cavity (104), the high-pressure oil pushes the reversing valve core (102) to move left through the first signal boss (111); conversely, the reversing valve core (102) moves to the right;

the impact cylinder sleeve (82) and the impact piston (81) jointly enclose a front cavity (83) and a rear cavity (84), when the impact piston (81) moves forward for a preset distance, low-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity (83), and when the impact piston (81) moves backward for a preset distance, high-pressure oil is injected into the front cavity (83);

the impact piston (81) is provided with a second signal boss (112) matched with the rear cavity (84), when high-pressure oil enters the rear cavity (84), the high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston (81) to move forwards through the second signal boss (112), and otherwise, the impact piston (81) moves backwards;

the front cavity (83) communicates with the signal cavity (104) and the back cavity (84) communicates with the alternate cavity (103).

16. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 14 wherein the direction valve housing (101) internal chamber forms two inner collars (113) and the direction valve spool (102) external wall forms two outer collars (114) to divide the direction valve housing (101) internal chamber into alternating chambers (103), high pressure chambers (105) and low pressure chambers (106);

low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure cavity (106) and is positioned on the left side of the alternating cavity (103); high-pressure oil is introduced into the high-pressure cavity (105) and is positioned on the right side of the alternating cavity (103);

the alternating chamber (103) is alternately communicated with the high pressure chamber (105) or the low pressure chamber (106) by the reciprocating motion of the direction change spool (102).

17. A hydraulic rock drill according to claim 15 or 16 characterized in that the inner wall of the impact cylinder liner (82) is formed with a high pressure groove (115) and a low pressure groove (116), high pressure oil is led into the high pressure groove (115) and is located at the front side of the front cavity (83); low-pressure oil is introduced into the low-pressure groove (116) and is positioned on the rear side of the front cavity (83);

an annular groove (117) is formed on the outer surface of the impact piston (81), and the annular groove (117) can communicate the front cavity (83) and the low-pressure groove (116) through the movement of the impact piston (81).