CN111236963A - Open cut tunnel structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Open cut tunnel structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111236963A CN111236963A CN202010186172.8A CN202010186172A CN111236963A CN 111236963 A CN111236963 A CN 111236963A CN 202010186172 A CN202010186172 A CN 202010186172A CN 111236963 A CN111236963 A CN 111236963A
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- open cut
- cut tunnel
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- tunnel
- supporting
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a open cut tunnel structure and a construction method thereof. Compared with the prior art that the open cut tunnel and the supporting structure are two independent structures, the open cut tunnel structure, the open cut tunnel and the supporting part are of an integral structure, so that the problem that the stability of the supporting structure is difficult to guarantee is solved, and the safety of the tunnel is better guaranteed; and bearing structure can be under construction simultaneously with the side wall, and bearing structure need not to execute alone and does the ground, and its efficiency of construction is faster, practices thrift the engineering time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a open cut tunnel structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
When the tunnel is built in the karst landform region, the tunnel often meets the condition that the tunnel needs to pass through from the empty karst cave, and under the condition, not only a stable tunnel foundation needs to be ensured, but also the safety of the karst roof above the tunnel needs to be considered, namely the roof rock does not fall off during the tunnel operation. In the past, the method for solving the problems is to construct an open cut tunnel independently, the existing open cut tunnel comprises an arch ring and side walls, and then support structures such as upright columns and the like for supporting the top karst roof are constructed on two sides of the open cut tunnel. The method has large and dispersed engineering scale and low efficiency, and the stability of the supporting structure is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at solving the problems that the construction efficiency is low and the stability of a supporting structure is difficult to ensure in the method for solving the safety of a karst top plate above a tunnel in the prior art, the open cut tunnel structure and the construction method thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a open cut tunnel structure, is including setting up the mound at the tunnel both sides, the mound is followed the tunnel is vertically led to the length setting, the tunnel top is equipped with the arch ring, the both sides of arch ring connect respectively in the mound, the top of mound still is equipped with a plurality of bearing structure, bearing structure one end is connected mound, the other end are used for supporting the karst roof.
In the prior art, when a tunnel passes through an empty karst cave, an open cut tunnel and a supporting structure are independently constructed, at the moment, the construction of the supporting structure is more dispersed and a foundation needs to be independently constructed, so that the construction scale is larger and the construction efficiency is lower; besides, the supporting structure is an independent structure and is not coherent with the open cut tunnel, so that the stability of the supporting structure is difficult to guarantee, and further the safety of the tunnel is difficult to guarantee. In the open cut tunnel structure, the piers are side walls of the open cut tunnel and are arranged along the longitudinal length of the tunnel, namely along the extending direction of the tunnel; the supporting structure is used for supporting the karst top plate, the open cut tunnel and the supporting structure are combined together through the piers, so that the supporting structure and the open cut tunnel form a whole, the supporting structure can share stress by means of the open cut tunnel, the supporting effect is better, the stability of the supporting structure is improved, the problem that the stability of the supporting structure is difficult to guarantee is avoided, and the safety of a tunnel is better guaranteed; and bearing structure can be under construction simultaneously with the side wall, and bearing structure need not to execute alone and does the ground, and its efficiency of construction is faster, practices thrift the engineering time.
Preferably, the piers and the support structure are of an integrally cast structure.
Pier and the integrative pouring of bearing structure, overall structure nature is stronger, makes bearing structure's stability better.
Preferably, each support structure comprises at least two vertically arranged pillars, and at least one supporting beam is arranged between two adjacent pillars.
Compare bearing structure in prior art for single stand, bearing structure constitutes through a plurality of horizontal corbels of two piece at least vertical pillar overlap joints, and many vertical pillars can increase bearing structure's holding surface, a plurality of corbels are used for connecting two spinal branch posts, have improved bearing structure's stability.
Preferably, a transverse corbel is disposed between two adjacent pillars of each support structure.
When each supporting structure only has two vertical pillars and only one transversely-arranged supporting beam is arranged between two adjacent pillars, the supporting structure is H-shaped, and compared with a solid cylindrical stand column or a square cylindrical stand column in the prior art, the H-shaped supporting structure saves more materials under the condition that the supporting surfaces are the same.
Preferably, the piers, the arch rings and the support structure are reinforced concrete members.
Preferably, the support structures are uniformly arranged along the length of the piers. I.e. along the tunnel extension direction, the piers are provided with the support structures at even intervals.
The construction method of the open cut tunnel structure is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
the method comprises the following steps: binding reinforcing steel bars at preset positions of the two piers respectively, then building templates of the two piers respectively, and then pouring the two piers respectively;
step two: binding steel bars at preset positions of the support structures on the piers, then respectively building a template of each support structure, and then pouring all the support structures;
step three: and binding reinforcing steel bars at the preset positions of the arch rings on the piers, then building templates of the arch rings, and then pouring the arch rings, thereby finishing the construction of the open cut tunnel structure.
Pouring the piers on two sides to form an arch ring of which the base is convenient for erecting an open cut tunnel and a plurality of supporting structures for supporting a karst roof; the supporting structure is constructed firstly, the karst top plate can be tightly pushed, the safety during construction of the arch ring is improved, the open cut tunnel structure can be quickly and stably constructed through the construction method of the open cut tunnel structure, and the stability of the constructed open cut tunnel structure is better.
Preferably, in the first step, joints of the arch rings and all the steel bars of the support structure are reserved on the piers.
And the forming of the supporting structure and the arch ring of the open cut tunnel structure is facilitated.
Preferably, the arch ring is a prefabricated member, after the construction of the supporting structure is completed, two ends of the arch ring are respectively connected to the piers, and the construction of the open cut tunnel structure is completed.
The arch ring is convenient to manufacture, and the construction efficiency is improved.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the prior art that the open cut tunnel and the supporting structure are two independent structures, the open cut tunnel structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the open cut tunnel and the supporting structure are integrated, the problem that the stability of the supporting structure is difficult to ensure is avoided, and the safety of a tunnel is better ensured; and bearing structure can be under construction simultaneously with the side wall, and bearing structure need not to execute alone and does the ground, and its efficiency of construction is faster, practices thrift the engineering time.
2. By the construction method of the open cut tunnel structure, the open cut tunnel structure can be constructed quickly and stably, and the constructed open cut tunnel structure is better in stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hole described in example 1;
fig. 2 is a top view of the open-hole structure described in example 1.
Icon: 1-a karst roof; 2-pier construction; 21-arch ring; 3-a support structure; 4-tunnel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a open cut tunnel structure, see fig. 1, including setting up the mound 2 in 4 both sides in tunnel, mound 2 is followed tunnel 4 vertically leads to long setting, tunnel 4 top is equipped with arch ring 21, the both sides of arch ring 21 connect respectively in mound 2, the top of mound 2 still is equipped with a plurality of bearing structure 3, bearing structure 3 one end is connected mound 2, the other end are used for supporting karst roof 1. As shown in fig. 2, the support structures 3 are uniformly arranged along the length of the piers 2. The number of the supporting structures 3 in fig. 2 is only for explanation, and the specific number and the arrangement positions of the supporting structures 3 are determined according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, mound 2 the arch ring 21 with bearing structure 3 is the reinforced concrete component, bearing structure 3 contains the pillar of two piece at least vertical settings, and adjacent two be provided with at least one corbel between the pillar, compare in prior art, bearing structure 3 comprises through a plurality of horizontal corbels of two piece at least vertical pillar overlap joints, and many vertical pillars can increase bearing surface of bearing structure 3, a plurality of corbels are used for connecting two pillars, have improved bearing structure 3's stability. Referring to fig. 1, each of the supporting structures 3 only includes two vertical pillars, and only one horizontal supporting beam is disposed between two adjacent pillars, so that the supporting structure 3 is H-shaped, and compared with the supporting structures 3 in the prior art, such as a solid cylindrical pillar or a square-column-shaped pillar, the H-shaped supporting structure 3 saves more material when the supporting surfaces are the same. Naturally, the support structure 3 can also be provided as a cylindrical or square-cylindrical column or the like, but with the same support surface, the material consumption is greater.
As a preferred embodiment, the supporting structure 3 and the piers 2 are integrally cast, that is, the piers 2 and all the supporting structures 3 are integrally cast, so that the overall structure of the open cut tunnel structure is stronger, the stability of the supporting structure 3 is better, and the tunnel 4 is safer.
In the open cut tunnel structure, the piers 2 are side walls of the open cut tunnel and are arranged along the longitudinal length of the tunnel 4, namely along the extending direction of the tunnel 4; the supporting structure 3 has the same function as the supporting structure 3 in the prior art and is used for supporting the karst roof 1, the open cut tunnel and the supporting structure 3 are combined together through the piers 2, so that the supporting structure 3 and the open cut tunnel are integrated, the supporting structure 3 can share stress by means of the open cut tunnel, the supporting effect is better, the stability of the supporting structure 3 is improved, the problem that the stability of the supporting structure 3 is difficult to ensure is avoided, and the safety of the tunnel 4 is better ensured; and bearing structure 3 can be under construction simultaneously with the side wall, and bearing structure 3 need not to be executed alone and does the ground, and its efficiency of construction is faster, practices thrift the engineering time.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a method for constructing a open cut tunnel structure as described in embodiment 1, and reference is made to the notation described in fig. 1-2, including the following construction steps:
the method comprises the following steps: binding reinforcing steel bars at preset positions of the piers 2 at two sides of the tunnel 4 respectively, then building templates of the piers 2 at two sides of the tunnel 4 respectively, reserving connecting positions of the arch rings 21 and the reinforcing steel bars of all the supporting structures 3, and then pouring the piers 2 at two sides of the tunnel 4 respectively; the piers 2 on the two sides can be simultaneously manufactured or can be independently manufactured, and after the step one is finished, the step two is carried out;
step two: after the pier 2 is formed, respectively binding reinforcing steel bars at a preset position of each supporting structure 3 on the pier 2, then respectively building a template of each supporting structure 3, and then pouring all the supporting structures 3; specifically, referring to fig. 2, reinforcing steel bars are sequentially bound to each support structure 3 along the direction from the lower side to the upper side, then formworks are erected, and after the formworks of all the support structures 3 are erected, concrete is uniformly poured into the formworks of the support structures 3, so that the support structures 3 are formed; after the poured support structure 3 is formed, executing the third step;
step three: and (3) binding reinforcing steel bars at the preset position of the arch ring 21 on the pier 2, then building a template of the arch ring 21, and then pouring the arch ring 21, so that the open cut tunnel structure construction is completed. As a preferred embodiment, the arch ring 21 may be a prefabricated structure, and then both ends of the arch ring 21 are connected to the piers 2 at both sides of the tunnel 4 by reinforcing bars, respectively. In this embodiment, the erection of the piers 2, the arch rings 21 and all the templates of the support structure 3 requires that the reinforcing steel bars are bound first, then the templates are erected, and then pouring is performed.
According to the construction method of the open cut tunnel structure, piers 2 on two sides are poured to form an arch ring 21 of which the base is convenient for erecting the open cut tunnel and a plurality of piers 2 for supporting the karst roof 1; the supporting structure 3 is constructed first, the karst roof 1 can be pushed tightly, and the safety of the arch ring 21 during construction is improved. By the construction method of the open cut tunnel structure, the open cut tunnel structure can be constructed quickly and stably, and the constructed open cut tunnel structure is better in stability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a clear cut tunnel structure, its characterized in that, is including setting up mound (2) in tunnel (4) both sides, mound (2) are followed tunnel (4) vertical logical length sets up, tunnel (4) top is equipped with arch ring (21), the both sides of arch ring (21) connect respectively in mound (2), the top of mound (2) still is equipped with a plurality of bearing structure (3), bearing structure (3) one end is connected mound (2), the other end are used for supporting karst roof (1).
2. Open cut tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the piers (2) and the support structure (3) are of one-piece cast structure.
3. Open cut tunnel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that each of said support structures (3) comprises at least two vertically arranged pillars, between two adjacent pillars at least one corbel being arranged.
4. Open cut tunnel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that between two adjacent pillars of each support structure (3) there is a transverse corbel.
5. Open cut tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the piers (2), the arch rings (21) and the support structure (3) are all reinforced concrete elements.
6. Open cut tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that said support structures (3) are evenly arranged in the length direction of the piers (2).
7. A method of constructing a open cut tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: binding reinforcing steel bars at preset positions of the two piers (2), respectively, then building templates of the two piers (2), and respectively pouring the two piers (2);
step two: binding steel bars at preset positions of the support structures (3) on the piers (2), then respectively building a template of each support structure (3), and then pouring all the support structures (3);
step three: and (3) binding steel bars at the preset position of the arch ring (21) on the pier (2), then building a template of the arch ring (21), and then pouring the arch ring (21), wherein the open cut tunnel structure is constructed.
8. A method for constructing a structure for open cut tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that in said first step, the joints of said arch rings (21) and all the reinforcing bars of said supporting structure (3) are reserved on said piers (2).
9. A method for constructing a open cut tunnel structure according to claim 8, wherein the arch ring (21) is a prefabricated member, and after the supporting structure (3) is constructed, both ends of the arch ring (21) are connected to the piers (2), respectively, and the open cut tunnel structure is constructed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010186172.8A CN111236963A (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Open cut tunnel structure and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010186172.8A CN111236963A (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Open cut tunnel structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN111236963A true CN111236963A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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