CN111236864A - Apparatus for lifting a top drive drilling rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling unit, comprising: the derrick is provided with a lengthwise extending guide rail; the cross beam is arranged on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail; the cross beam is used for hanging the top driving drilling device; the first power cylinder is provided with a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is connected with the cross beam, and the first piston rod can move in a telescopic mode along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail; the second power cylinder is provided with a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is fixedly connected with the derrick, and the second piston rod can move in a telescopic mode along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail; the second piston rod is connected with the first piston rod. The equipment for lifting the top driving drilling device has no steel wire rope wearing parts, so that the safety coefficient of the whole drilling machine and the tripping operation is greatly improved; and traditional drilling machine parts such as a winch, a crown block, a traveling block hook and the like are not needed, the structure is greatly simplified, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Apparatus for lifting a top drive drilling rig

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to equipment for lifting a top drive drilling device.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

The top driving well drilling device is a common device in petroleum well drilling engineering, can directly rotate a drill string from the upper part of a derrick space and feed downwards along a special guide rail in the derrick to complete various well drilling operations such as rotary drilling of the drill string, circulation of drilling fluid, connection of single joints, screwing-in and screwing-out, back reaming and the like.

In the traditional petroleum drilling engineering, a winch is mainly used for winding and unwinding a steel wire rope to lift the top driving drilling device, and the mainstream technology plays an important role in the petroleum drilling engineering. Nevertheless, its drawbacks are increasingly highlighted, mainly by the complexity of the overall structure: the parts of a crown block, a traveling block hook and the like are required to be matched with each other; the cost is high, and the energy consumption is large; the safety of the steel wire rope is poor, the mechanical vibration and the noise are large, the automation degree is not high, and more operators are needed.

In addition, the mode that the steel wire rope is reeled and unreeled by a winch to lift the top driving drilling device also has the problem of short stroke in the process of tripping the drill. Taking the example of a drill-down, to provide efficiency, it is common to have a stand of multiple singles as the unit, which results in a larger stroke for the top drive drilling apparatus. For this reason, the winch often pulls the top drive drilling unit through a wireline to tilt the connected strings in order to lower the height of the stand of strings. Then, the stand consisting of the plurality of single stands needs to be righted to be able to drill down. Therefore, the operation of pulling and tripping the drill is more complicated, the efficiency is low, and the labor intensity of workers is high.

It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly to solve at least one of the above problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

An apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling unit, comprising:

a derrick on which is disposed a lengthwise extending guide rail;

the cross beam is arranged on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail; the cross beam is used for hanging the top drive drilling device;

the first power cylinder is provided with a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is connected with the cross beam, and the first piston rod can move in a telescopic mode along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail;

the second power cylinder is provided with a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is fixedly connected with the derrick, and the second piston rod can move telescopically along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail; the second piston rod is connected with the first piston rod.

Preferably, the derrick is cylindrical, one side of the derrick which is cylindrical is opened, and the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the opening.

Preferably, the first cylinder body is provided with at least one first roller mechanism, and the at least one first roller mechanism is clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

Preferably, the first roller mechanism includes:

a first slider;

the two first plate bodies are respectively arranged at two ends of the first sliding block along the horizontal direction;

the first rollers are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two first plate bodies.

Preferably, the guide rail has a wing portion extending outward in a horizontal direction, the first slider faces the wing portion, the two first boards are located on both sides of the wing portion, and the plurality of first rollers contact a surface of the wing portion facing away from the first slider.

Preferably, the first sliding block is provided with a first axial through hole matched with the first cylinder body, and the first cylinder body is fixedly arranged in the first axial through hole.

Preferably, the first sliding block is provided with a first pin hole, and the first pin hole is communicated with the first axial through hole; and a first pin shaft matched with the first pin hole is arranged on the first cylinder body.

Preferably, a second roller mechanism is arranged at a joint of the first piston rod and the second piston rod, the second roller mechanism is connected with end portions of the first piston rod and the second piston rod, and the second roller mechanism is clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

Preferably, the second roller mechanism includes:

a second slider;

two second plate bodies; the two second plate bodies are respectively arranged on two sides of the second sliding block along the horizontal direction;

and the second rollers are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the second plate bodies.

Preferably, the second slider is provided with a second axial through hole matched with the first piston rod and the second piston rod, and an end of the first piston rod and an end of the second piston rod are fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole.

Preferably, the second slider is provided with an accommodating chamber, and the accommodating chamber is communicated with the second axial through hole;

flanges are arranged at the end part of the first piston rod and the end part of the second piston rod and are contained in the containing chamber; the flange is provided with a through hole for the fastening bolt to penetrate through, and the first piston rod and the second piston rod are detachably connected through the flange.

Preferably, a second pin hole is formed in the second slider and communicated with the second axial through hole;

the end part of the first piston rod and the end part of the second piston rod are accommodated in a sleeve, a second pin shaft matched with the second pin hole is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole.

Preferably, the cross member includes:

a laterally extending body;

and the third roller mechanisms are arranged at the two ends of the body and connected with the first cylinder body, and are clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

Preferably, the middle part of the cross beam is connected with a hanging piece, the hanging piece is provided with a hanging hole, and the hanging hole is used for connecting a hanging ring so as to hang the top drive drilling device.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the limiting part is connected with the guide rail and provided with a third axial through hole matched with the second cylinder body, and the second cylinder body is arranged in the third axial through hole in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the stopper is close to an upper end of the first cylinder.

Preferably, the cylinder further comprises a support base, and the support base is connected with the lower end of the second cylinder.

Preferably, the first power cylinder and the second power cylinder include any one of: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder.

By means of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the equipment for lifting the top driving drilling device has no steel wire rope wearing parts, so that the safety coefficient of the whole drilling machine and the tripping operation is greatly improved;

2. the equipment for lifting the top driving drilling device of the invention has no traditional drilling machine components such as a winch, a crown block, a traveling block hook and the like, the structure is greatly simplified, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced;

3. hydraulic direct hoisting drilling and tripping operation is adopted, so that the efficiency is high, the energy is saved, and the vibration and the noise are low;

4. by arranging the two power cylinders, the telescopic movement of the piston rod drives the cross beam to move up and down along the guide rail, so that the top part drives the drilling device to lift. Therefore, the moving stroke of the top driving drilling device is increased, and the tripping operation is simpler.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention with the first and second piston rods fully retracted;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention with the first and second piston rods fully retracted;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention with the first and second piston rods fully extended;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention with the first and second piston rods fully extended;

fig. 5A is a schematic perspective view of the first roller mechanism in fig. 1 to 4;

FIG. 5B is a schematic top view of the first roller mechanism shown in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 5C is a schematic front view of the first roller mechanism shown in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 6A is a schematic top view of the cross beam of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 6B is a front view of the cross beam of FIGS. 1-4;

fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the support seat shown in fig. 1 to 4.

Detailed Description

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 together, an apparatus for lifting a top drive drilling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a derrick 1, wherein a lengthwise extending guide rail 101 is arranged on the derrick 1; the beam 2 is arranged on the guide rail 101, and can move on the guide rail 101; the cross beam 2 is used for hanging the top drive drilling device 9; a first power cylinder 3, wherein the first power cylinder 3 has a first cylinder 301 and a first piston rod 302, the first cylinder 301 is connected with the cross beam 2, and the first piston rod 302 can move telescopically along the longitudinal extension direction of the guide rail 101; a second power cylinder 4, wherein the second power cylinder 4 has a second cylinder 401 and a second piston rod 402, the second cylinder 401 is fixedly connected with the derrick 1, and the second piston rod 402 can move telescopically along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail 101; the second piston rod 402 is connected to the first piston rod 302.

The equipment for lifting the top driving drilling device provided by the embodiment of the invention has no steel wire rope wearing part, so that the safety coefficient of the whole drilling machine and the tripping operation is greatly improved.

In addition, the equipment for lifting the top driving drilling device does not comprise traditional drilling machine parts such as a winch, a crown block, a traveling block hook and the like, the structure is greatly simplified, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced.

And moreover, hydraulic pressure is adopted to directly lift the drilling and the tripping operation, so that the efficiency is high, the energy is saved, and the vibration and the noise are low.

Furthermore, by arranging two power cylinders, the telescopic movement of the piston rod drives the beam 2 to move up and down along the guide rail 101, so that the top part drives the drilling device 9 to lift. Thus, the travel of the top drive drilling unit 9 is increased, and tripping operations are simplified.

The operation of the apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling unit according to embodiments of the present invention is described below.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, before the lifting process is started, the piston rods of the first and second power cylinders 3 and 4 are in a fully retracted state, and the top drive drilling unit 9 is located at the lower end of the guide rail 101. When the lifting operation is started, the second piston rod 402 starts to extend out of the second cylinder 401, and since the second piston rod 402 is connected with the first piston rod 302 and the first cylinder 301 is connected with the cross beam 2, the cross beam 2 is driven to rise along the guide rail 101, and the top-driven drilling device 9 is driven to rise. When the second piston rod 402 is in the maximum extension state, the first piston rod 302 extends out of the first cylinder 301, the first cylinder 301 continues to drive the beam 2 to ascend along the guide rail 101, and the top-drive drilling device 9 also continues to ascend. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the first piston rod 302 also reaches its maximum extension, the top drive drilling unit 9 also reaches its maximum hoisting position, at which time a hoisting operation is completed.

When a lifting operation is completed, the first piston rod 302 begins to retract slowly into the first cylinder 301, and the cross beam 2 drives the top-drive drilling unit 9 to move downward. When the first piston rod 302 is fully retracted, the second piston rod 402 then begins to retract into the second cylinder 401, the first cylinder 301 continues to descend, and the cross beam 2 and the top drive drilling assembly 9 also continue to descend. When the second piston rod 402 is also fully retracted, the top drive drilling unit 9 is also returned to its initial position and a lowering operation is completed. The next circulation process is the same as the movement process, and the operations of tripping and the like can be completed by the up-and-down reciprocating motion.

In this embodiment, the derrick 1 may be welded using steel sections and plates to provide support for the top drive drilling unit 9 and the equipment connected to the top drive drilling unit 9 (e.g., a drill string 10 as shown in fig. 3).

The derrick 1 extends in a column shape and has a predetermined height so as to be able to provide a sufficient stroke for the raising and lowering of the top drive drilling unit 9. In the present embodiment, the height of the derrick 1 may be designed and adjusted according to actual working conditions, which is not limited in the present invention.

The derrick 1 is provided with guide rails 101 on which the cross beams 2 move. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the derrick 1 having a columnar shape is opened at one side, and the guide rails 101 are provided at both sides of the opening. The guide rails 101 are arranged on the two sides of the opening, so that a space can be reserved for the top driving drilling device 9, and the top driving drilling device 9 is prevented from being scratched with the derrick 1 in the up-and-down moving process.

In this embodiment, the guide 101 may be part of the structure of the mast 1 itself; alternatively, the guide rail 101 may be a separate member and disposed on the derrick 1 by welding or the like.

In one embodiment, the first cylinder 301 is provided with at least one first roller mechanism 5, and the at least one first roller mechanism 5 is clamped on the guide rail 101 and can move on the guide rail 101. By providing at least one first roller mechanism 5, the resistance to movement of the first cylinder 301 on the guide rail 101 can be reduced; and, at least one first gyro wheel mechanism 5 card is established on guide rail 101, can play horizontal limiting to first cylinder body 301, and the suppression first cylinder body 301 takes place the rocking of horizontal direction in the removal process to prevent first piston rod 302 as far as possible and take place the unstability because of atress direction and axial misalignment, thereby protect first power cylinder 3.

As shown in fig. 5A to 5C, in one embodiment, the first roller mechanism 5 may specifically include: a first slider 501; two first plate bodies 502, wherein the two first plate bodies 502 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first sliding block 501 along the horizontal direction; a plurality of first rollers 503, the plurality of first rollers 503 being disposed on opposite surfaces of the two first plate bodies 502.

In the present embodiment, the first slider 501 may have a rectangular parallelepiped or square block shape, and the first slider 501 is preferably a hollow structure in order to reduce weight. Specifically, the first slider 501 in a rectangular or square block shape may be formed by welding six steel plates.

In the present embodiment, the first slider 501 is used for connecting with the first cylinder 301, specifically, the first slider 501 is provided with a first axial through hole 504 adapted to the first cylinder 301, and the first cylinder 301 is fixedly arranged in the first axial through hole 504. The way of fixedly arranging the first cylinder 301 in the first axial through hole 504 can be welding, threaded connection and the like; alternatively, the first slider 501 is provided with a first pin hole 505, and the first pin hole 505 is communicated with the first axial through hole 504; the first cylinder 301 is provided with a first pin adapted to the first pin hole 505, so as to achieve detachable connection.

Of course, the connection manner of the first slider 501 and the first cylinder 301 is not limited thereto, and other possible embodiments are also covered by the scope of the invention as long as the connection between the two can be achieved. For example, the connection between the first cylinder 301 and the second cylinder may be realized by fixing the upper end of the first cylinder to the lower surface of the first slider 501.

In this embodiment, two first plate bodies 502 may be fixedly disposed at both ends (left and right ends as shown in fig. 5A to 5C) of the first slider 501 in the horizontal direction by welding. In addition, the sizes of the two first board bodies 502 should be larger than the sizes of the left and right end surfaces of the first sliding block 501, so that after the two first board bodies 502 are arranged at the left and right ends of the first sliding block 501, enough space can still be reserved for arranging the plurality of first rollers 503.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of first rollers 503 are used to roll on the guide rail 101, thereby avoiding rigid contact between the first cylinder 301 and the guide rail 101 and reducing the movement resistance of the first cylinder 301. In addition, a plurality of first rollers 503 are preferably uniformly disposed on the two first plate bodies 502, so as to equalize the effect of the bearing force.

The first roller 503 may specifically include a cylindrical rolling element, the rolling element is axially provided with a shaft hole, and the two first plate bodies 502 are provided with a pivot shaft at a corresponding position, and the pivot shaft is inserted into the shaft hole. In this way, the rolling body can roll about the pivot axis.

In one embodiment, to realize the engagement of the at least one first roller mechanism 5 on the guide rail 101, the guide rail 101 has a wing portion (not shown) extending outward in a horizontal direction, the first slider 501 faces the wing portion, the two first plate bodies 502 are located on both sides of the wing portion, and the plurality of first rollers 503 are in contact with a surface of the wing portion facing away from the first slider 501.

In this embodiment, the width of the wing part along the horizontal direction is substantially equal to the width of the first slider 501, so that the two first plate bodies 502 disposed at the two ends of the first slider 501 can be better clamped at the two sides of the wing part, and the first slider 501 is limited along the horizontal direction, thereby suppressing the first cylinder 301 from shaking in the horizontal direction during the movement.

The first rollers 503 can contact with the surface of the wing portion opposite to the first sliding block 501, i.e. the back surface of the wing portion, and since the first rollers 503 are disposed on the opposite surfaces of the two first plate bodies 502, i.e. as shown in fig. 5A to 5C, the first rollers 503 extend inwards, and the first rollers 503 on the two first plate bodies 502 are disposed opposite to each other, the first rollers 503 can be preferably clamped on the back surface of the wing portion, thereby preventing the first roller mechanism 5 from derailing when moving on the guide rail 101.

In practice, the guide rail 101 having the wing portion may be formed using an i-steel or an H-steel. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, for example, the derrick is an opening on one side, and the guide rails 101 are disposed on two sides of the opening, the single-side guide rail 101 may be formed by arranging one or more i-beams or H-beams side by side, so that the right flange of the i-beam or H-beam on the rightmost side and the left flange of the i-beam or H-beam on the leftmost side form the wing portion.

Generally, the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402 are long in length and need to withstand large axial forces when the first piston rod 302 and/or the second piston rod 402 are fully extended. Therefore, in order to avoid the instability of the first piston rod 302 and/or the second piston rod 402, in one embodiment, a second roller mechanism 6 is disposed at the connection position of the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402, the second roller mechanism 6 is connected with the end portions of the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402, and the second roller mechanism 6 is clamped on the guide rail 101 and can move on the guide rail 101.

Similarly, the second roller mechanism 6 and the first roller mechanism 5 have the same horizontal limiting effect, so that the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402 can always keep the vertical state in the same direction as the stress direction, and the instability of the first piston rod 302 and/or the second piston rod 402 is avoided.

In one embodiment, the second roller mechanism 6 may specifically include: a second slider; two second plate bodies; the two second plate bodies are respectively arranged on two sides of the second sliding block along the horizontal direction; and the second rollers are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two second plate bodies.

In practice, the second roller mechanism 6 may be of the same construction as the first roller mechanism 5, the above nomenclature being used to distinguish between the two. Therefore, the detailed structural description and the accompanying drawings of the second roller mechanism 6 can be referred to the above description of the first roller mechanism 5, and the present invention is not described herein again. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.

In the present embodiment, the second slider is provided at the butt joint of the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402, and can accommodate the butt joint end portions of both the piston rods and restrict the horizontal displacement of the end portions of both the piston rods.

Specifically, the second slider is provided with a second axial through hole matched with the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402, and an end of the first piston rod 302 and an end of the second piston rod 402 are fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole.

Likewise, in order to reduce the weight, the second slider is preferably of a hollow structure, that is, the second slider is provided with an accommodating chamber which is communicated with the second axial through hole. In the present embodiment, the end of the first piston rod 302 and the end of the second piston rod 402 may be fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole in such a manner that the end of the first piston rod 302 and the end of the second piston rod 402 are provided with flanges, which are accommodated in the accommodating chamber; the flange is provided with a through hole for the fastening bolt to penetrate through, and the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402 are detachably connected through the flange.

Through the structural design of the flange matched with the fastening bolt, the connection between the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402 can be conveniently realized. And, horizontal limiting of the end of the first piston rod 302 and the end of the second piston rod 402 is achieved by housing the flange in the housing chamber of the second slider (specifically, the edge of the flange is close to or in contact with the inner wall of the housing chamber).

Or, the second slider may not have a hollow structure, and in this embodiment, the end of the first piston rod 302 and the end of the second piston rod 402 may be fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole, and the second slider is provided with a second pin hole, and the second pin hole is communicated with the second axial through hole; the end of the first piston rod 302 and the end of the second piston rod 402 are accommodated in a sleeve, a second pin adapted to the second pin hole is disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole. In this embodiment, the sleeve may encase the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402 therein, thereby achieving horizontal position limiting of the ends of the first piston rod 302 and the second piston rod 402.

Likewise, in order to reduce the resistance of the cross beam 2 to move on the guide rail 101, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 6A and fig. 6B, in an embodiment, the cross beam 2 may include: a laterally extending body 201; the third roller mechanisms 202 are arranged at two ends of the body 201, the third roller mechanisms 202 are connected with the first cylinder 301, and the third roller mechanisms 202 are clamped on the guide rail 101 and can move on the guide rail 101.

In the present embodiment, the body 201 may have a laterally extending rod shape or a column shape, and the body 201 is preferably a hollow structure for weight reduction. Specifically, the rod-shaped or columnar body 201 extending in the transverse direction may be formed by tailor welding steel plates.

In practice, the third roller mechanism 202 may be configured in the same manner as the first roller mechanism 5 and the second roller mechanism 6, and the above-mentioned nomenclature is used to distinguish the three mechanisms. Therefore, the detailed structural description and the accompanying drawings of the third roller mechanism 202 can be referred to the above description of the first roller mechanism 5, and the present invention is not described herein again. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.

In the present embodiment, the manner of connecting the third roller mechanism 202 with the first cylinder 301 and the guide rail 101 can also refer to the foregoing, and the description of the present invention is omitted.

Further, the middle part of the cross beam 2 is connected with a hanging piece 203, the hanging piece 203 is provided with a hanging hole 204, and the hanging hole 204 is used for connecting the hanging ring 11 so as to hang the top-drive drilling device 9. In this embodiment, the hanging pieces 203 may be connected to the cross beam 2 by welding or screwing, and the number of the hanging pieces 203 may be designed and adjusted according to the structure of the hanging ring 11, which is not limited in the present invention.

With continued reference to fig. 1-4, in one embodiment, the apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly may further comprise: and the limiting part 7 is connected with the guide rail 101, the limiting part 7 is provided with a third axial through hole matched with the second cylinder 401, and the second cylinder 401 is arranged in the third axial through hole in a penetrating manner.

In the present embodiment, the stopper 7 is used to fix the position of the second cylinder 401. Since the second cylinder 401 is fixedly connected to the derrick 1, the second cylinder 401 does not move up and down while performing the elevating operation of the top-drive drilling apparatus 9. Therefore, the stopper 7 fixes the position of the second cylinder 401, and suppresses the horizontal displacement of the second cylinder 401, so that the second piston rod 402 is kept in a vertical state, thereby preventing the second piston rod 402 from being unstable in position of the second cylinder 401 and becoming unstable.

In the present embodiment, the number of the stoppers 7 may be one or more, and when the number of the stoppers 7 is one, the stoppers 7 are preferably provided at positions close to the upper end of the second cylinder 401. When the number of the stoppers 7 is plural, the plural stoppers 7 may be uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the second cylinder 401.

In practice, the limiting member 7 may be configured in the same manner as the first roller mechanism 5, the second roller mechanism 6, and the third roller mechanism 202, and the above-mentioned naming is used to distinguish the above components. Therefore, the detailed structural description of the position-limiting member 7 and the description of the drawings can refer to the above description of the first roller mechanism 5, and the present invention is not described herein again. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.

In the present embodiment, the connection between the limiting member 7 and the second cylinder 401 and the guide rail 101 can be referred to the above, and the description of the present invention is omitted.

With continued reference to fig. 1-4, in one embodiment, the apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling assembly may further comprise: and the supporting seat 8 is connected with the lower end of the second cylinder 401.

Referring to fig. 7, specifically, the supporting base 8 may include a cylindrical main body 801, supporting plates 802 are disposed at two ends of the cylindrical main body 801, the two supporting plates 802 are larger than the cross-sectional size of the main body 801, and a through hole 803 is disposed at a portion of the upper supporting plate 802 beyond the main body. Correspondingly, the lower extreme of second cylinder body 401 is provided with the connecting portion of radial outside extension, and this connecting portion set up the through-hole equally to the through-hole that sets up on last backup pad 802 and the connecting portion can supply fastening bolt to wear to establish, so realizes being connected of second cylinder body 401 and supporting seat 8. By providing the support base 8, the pressure of the second cylinder 401 to the drilling platform can be reduced.

In one embodiment, the first and second power cylinders 3 and 4 may include any one of the following: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder.

In the present embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder and the pneumatic cylinder may adopt any suitable conventional structures, and in practice, the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder corresponding to the specification may be selected as needed, which is not limited in the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no precedence between the two is considered as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided would be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego such subject matter, nor should the applicant consider that such subject matter is not considered part of the disclosed subject matter.

Claims (18)

1. An apparatus for raising and lowering a top drive drilling unit, comprising:

a derrick on which is disposed a lengthwise extending guide rail;

the cross beam is arranged on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail; the cross beam is used for hanging the top drive drilling device;

the first power cylinder is provided with a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is connected with the cross beam, and the first piston rod can move in a telescopic mode along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail;

the second power cylinder is provided with a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is fixedly connected with the derrick, and the second piston rod can move telescopically along the lengthwise extension direction of the guide rail; the second piston rod is connected with the first piston rod.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said mast is cylindrical, one side of said cylindrical mast being open, said guide rails being disposed on both sides of said opening.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first cylinder is provided with at least one first roller mechanism, and at least one first roller mechanism is clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first roller mechanism comprises:

a first slider;

the two first plate bodies are respectively arranged at two ends of the first sliding block along the horizontal direction;

the first rollers are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two first plate bodies.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said guide rail has a wing portion extending outward in a horizontal direction, said first slider faces said wing portion, two of said first plates are located on both sides of said wing portion, and a plurality of said first rollers are in contact with a surface of said wing portion facing away from said first slider.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first slide is provided with a first axial through hole adapted to the first cylinder, the first cylinder being fixedly arranged in the first axial through hole.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first slide block is provided with a first pin hole, the first pin hole communicating with the first axial through hole; and a first pin shaft matched with the first pin hole is arranged on the first cylinder body.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a second roller mechanism is disposed at a connection position of the first piston rod and the second piston rod, the second roller mechanism is connected with end portions of the first piston rod and the second piston rod, and the second roller mechanism is clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second roller mechanism comprises:

a second slider;

two second plate bodies; the two second plate bodies are respectively arranged on two sides of the second sliding block along the horizontal direction;

and the second rollers are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the second plate bodies.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second slider block is provided with a second axial through hole adapted to the first piston rod and the second piston rod, and an end of the first piston rod and an end of the second piston rod are fixedly received in the second axial through hole.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the second slider is provided with a housing chamber communicating with the second axial through hole;

flanges are arranged at the end part of the first piston rod and the end part of the second piston rod and are contained in the containing chamber; the flange is provided with a through hole for the fastening bolt to penetrate through, and the first piston rod and the second piston rod are detachably connected through the flange.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second slider block is provided with a second pin hole, the second pin hole communicating with the second axial through hole;

the end part of the first piston rod and the end part of the second piston rod are accommodated in a sleeve, a second pin shaft matched with the second pin hole is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is fixedly accommodated in the second axial through hole.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the beam comprises:

a laterally extending body;

and the third roller mechanisms are arranged at the two ends of the body and connected with the first cylinder body, and are clamped on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a hanging member is connected to a middle portion of the cross beam, and a hanging hole is formed in the hanging member and used for connecting a hanging ring to hang the top drive drilling device.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the limiting part is connected with the guide rail and provided with a third axial through hole matched with the second cylinder body, and the second cylinder body is arranged in the third axial through hole in a penetrating mode.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the stop is proximate an upper end of the first cylinder.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a support base connected to a lower end of the second cylinder.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first power cylinder and the second power cylinder comprise any one of: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder.

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