CN111236384A - Method for constructing rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for steep rocky mountain - Google Patents
Method for constructing rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for steep rocky mountain Download PDFInfo
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- CN111236384A CN111236384A CN202010043294.1A CN202010043294A CN111236384A CN 111236384 A CN111236384 A CN 111236384A CN 202010043294 A CN202010043294 A CN 202010043294A CN 111236384 A CN111236384 A CN 111236384A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/08—Details, e.g. gates, screens
- E02B5/082—Closures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/08—Details, e.g. gates, screens
- E02B5/085—Arresting devices for waterborne materials, e.g. gratings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/101—Dedicated additional structures, interposed or parallel to the sewer system
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/105—Accessories, e.g. flow regulators or cleaning devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a rainwater external-collection internal-storage system for a steep rocky mountain, which is used for constructing a rainwater collection surface, a confluence ditch, a sedimentation tank and a reservoir from the top of a mountain aiming at the rocky mountain with steep slope and incapable of rainwater collection and storage; wherein, the collecting surface directly adopts a natural slope of a steep stone mountain; the confluence ditch comprises a farm ditch, a bucket ditch, branch ditches and a trunk ditch and forms a tree-shaped branch structure; the agricultural ditches are longitudinally distributed in a contour line and transversely form an inverted slope, a plurality of agricultural ditches are converged to the bucket ditches, a plurality of bucket ditches are converged to the branch ditches, a plurality of branch ditches are converged to the trunk ditches, and the trunk ditches are led to the sedimentation tank; the sedimentation tank is positioned at the tail end of the confluence ditch and the front end of the water storage cellar; the water storage cellar is built inside a mountain body by adopting a rock excavation operation method according to the standards of deep excavation, wide water collection, annual adjustment and normal water supply. The invention realizes the breakthrough of the technical bottleneck of water conservancy development of steep rocky mountains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of small-sized water conservancy projects for rainwater collection and storage, in particular to a brand-new construction method of a rainwater external-collection and internal-storage system, which is created for rocky mountains which cannot collect and store rainwater due to steep slopes.
Background
With the rapid development of socioeconomic and the influence of global climate change, China and even the world face the challenge of an increasingly urgent water problem. The problems of water resource shortage, water environment pollution, water ecological degradation, flood and drought disasters and the like seriously threaten the social and economic development, human health, living environment and national safety.
Water is the source of life, the key point of production, the basis of ecology, and water is the main component of all living things, and has many physiological functions. The water resource shortage problem in China is very serious, the China is particularly obvious in North China, and the water resource quantity per capita is (307 m)3) Mu water resource (211 m)3) None is sufficient to 1/7 on a national average.
The taihang mountain is an important mountain and a geographical boundary in the east region of China, is not only an ecological barrier in the plain of north China, but also a water source area of Jingjin Ji. The pacific region is upstream of the river basin, the lake upstream, and the Xiongan New region. Compared with other seven rivers in China, the river basin of the sea is mainly characterized in that the river is short in ditch depth and large in specific fall, the river is transited to plain from middle mountain, low mountain and hilly, and the fall is more than 2000 meters in the range of less than 300 kilometers in east and west. Drought and flood control are the biggest water safety problems in the river basin of the sea, and in short term, the downstream flood control standard is mainly improved, but in long term, the rainfall resource regulation and control capability and the water source conservation capability of the upstream mountain area are also improved, and the peak eliminating, peak staggering and flood storage capability of the mountain area ecological system is exerted.
The rainwater collection, storage and utilization is used as small and miniature hydraulic engineering and is effective supplement for large and medium-sized hydraulic engineering, in recent years, good effect is achieved in rainwater collection, storage and utilization work, important technical means are provided for the development of dry farming forest and fruit industry and dry farming agriculture in mountainous areas and the promotion of vegetation ecological restoration, and particularly the rainwater collection and storage technology plays an important role in the promotion of the development of the economic society in mountainous areas. However, due to the influences of factors such as complex terrain and geological conditions, large rainfall intensity change, incomplete technical system, time and labor consumption and the like in mountainous areas, the rainwater collecting efficiency and the utilization efficiency are low, and finally, the application of the rainwater collecting, storing and utilizing technology in mountainous areas is not very wide. Especially in the aspect of steep rocky mountain, the traditional water storage device is positioned on the surface of the mountain, so that the application is lacked due to the lack of a reasonable position.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a rainwater external-collection internal-storage system for steep rocky mountains, aiming at solving the technical problem that a rainwater collection pool is difficult to construct on the surface of the rocky mountains with steep slopes, and artificial rainwater collection and storage cannot be carried out according to the past experience, so that the bottleneck of water conservancy development of the steep rocky mountains is broken through.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A method for constructing a rainwater external-collection internal-storage system for steep rocky mountains is used for constructing a rainwater collection surface, a confluence ditch, a sedimentation tank and a reservoir from the top of a mountain to the bottom of the rocky mountain, wherein the rocky mountain cannot be subjected to rainwater collection and storage due to steep gradient; wherein, the collecting surface directly adopts a natural slope of a steep stone mountain; the confluence ditch comprises a farm ditch, a bucket ditch, branch ditches and a trunk ditch and forms a tree-shaped branch structure; the agricultural ditches are longitudinally distributed in a contour line and transversely form an inverted slope, a plurality of agricultural ditches are converged to the bucket ditches, a plurality of bucket ditches are converged to the branch ditches, a plurality of branch ditches are converged to the trunk ditches, and the trunk ditches are led to the sedimentation tank; the sedimentation tank is positioned at the tail end of the confluence ditch and the front end of the water storage cellar; the water storage cellar is built inside a mountain body by adopting a rock excavation operation method according to the standards of deep excavation, wide water collection, annual adjustment and normal water supply.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a trash rack for filtering and removing impurities is constructed between the confluence ditch and the sedimentation tank; the impurities include dry branches and fallen leaves and sand gravel.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the agricultural ditch of the confluence ditch is 30-50cm, the depth is 30-50cm, the longitudinal direction is distributed in parallel with the contour line, the longitudinal gradient is 1/500-1/300, and the transverse direction is 5-10 degrees of an inverse slope.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the bucket groove of the confluence groove is 50-80cm, the depth is 30-50cm, the longitudinal direction is vertically distributed with a contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the branch groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the branch groove is longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is 1/500-1/300.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the main groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the longitudinal direction is vertically distributed with a contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the water storage cellar is positioned in the mountain body, the distance between the water storage cellar and the side surface of the mountain body is more than or equal to 5m, and the stability of the mountain body is ensured.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the upper part of the water storage cellar is constructed into an arch structure, and the vertical falling cross section of rock mass around the lower part of the water storage cellar is of a rectangular structure.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the upper part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a semicircle, the lower part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a rectangle, and the diameter of the upper semicircle is the same as the long side of the lower rectangle.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the water storage cellar with the rock structure stability of the mountain body not reaching the standard is reinforced according to the following method: anchoring the upper part of the water storage cellar, reinforcing a steel ring and reinforcing a corrugated steel plate; alternative or combined treatment; for the water storage cellar with the rock permeability of the mountain body not reaching the standard, performing anti-seepage treatment according to the following method: paving an anti-seepage film, an anti-seepage cloth and an anti-seepage plate at the bottom and the side wall of the water storage cellar; alternative or combined processing.
A trash rack sedimentation tank for a steep rocky mountain rainwater external-collection internal-storage system comprises a sedimentation cylinder positioned below an outlet pipe of a dry ditch, wherein an outlet of the outlet pipe faces to the top opening of the sedimentation cylinder, a water outlet pipe is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder, and a sealing bottom plate which is driven by external force to overturn by taking the diameter of the sedimentation cylinder as an axis is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the sedimentation cylinder; the outlet end of the outlet pipe is configured into a bell mouth with a large-diameter end facing the sedimentation cylinder; a partition board is fixedly arranged in the sedimentation cylinder, the sedimentation cylinder is divided into a sedimentation cavity and a water outlet cavity by the partition board, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the upper part of the water outlet cavity; the partition plate comprises an inclined plate positioned at the upper part and a vertical plate positioned at the lower end of the inclined plate and extending to the sealing bottom plate along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the inclined plate is fixedly arranged above the water outlet pipe; the sealing bottom plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, and two ends of the rotating shaft extend along the radial direction of the precipitation cylinder and are rotationally connected with the peripheral wall of the precipitation cylinder; and a hand wheel is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft and is positioned outside the settling barrel.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
compared with other seven rivers in China, the river basin of the North China sea has the characteristics of short river ditch depth and large specific reduction, the river basin is transited to plain from a middle mountain, a low mountain and a hilly land, and the fall is more than 2000 meters in the range of less than 300 kilometers in east and west; determining that serious drought and flood control pressure exists in the geographical area. On the other hand, the short-distance high fall characteristic of the sea-river basin forms a plurality of steep-slope mountain bodies on the landform. For a rocky mountain with a steep gradient, because a rainwater collection pool is difficult to construct on the surface of the mountain, artificial rainwater collection and storage cannot be performed according to previous experience.
Based on the above description, the invention provides a construction method of a rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for a steep rocky mountain for the first time, and the breakthroughs of the technical bottleneck of water conservancy development of the steep rocky mountain are realized. Specifically, the invention firstly provides the idea and idea of constructing the water storage system in the steep-slope rocky mountain, adopts the rock excavation mode in the mountain to construct the artificial water storage medium, does not occupy extra space, completes the construction of the whole rainwater collection and storage system based on the artificial water storage medium, and realizes the breakthrough of the technical problem of rainwater collection and storage in the steep mountain.
Besides the breakthrough of technical idea, the system and the method for collecting rainwater in the steep rocky mountain provided by the invention have the advantages of stable structure, convenient operation, high flow collecting efficiency, labor saving and low cost, and have wide practicability and applicability to rivers and river basin and even equivalent geographical areas! The invention can be widely applied, can enhance the rainfall regulation and control capability, the water source conservation capability, the flood control capability and the drought resistance capability in arid and water-deficient mountainous areas, and promotes the ecological restoration and the high-quality development of ecological industry in the mountainous areas. The system is based on the minimum change of the steep rocky mountain, does not need building, grouting and capping, carries out seasonal regulation and control and trans-annual regulation of rainfall resources, and plays the dual functions of reducing flood peaks and guaranteeing water supply of the mountain at the source of a flow area.
In addition, compared with the prior art, the trash rack sedimentation tank has obvious technical progress: the collected rainwater flows into the precipitation cylinder through the water outlet pipe of the dry ditch and above the precipitation cylinder, impurities in the rainwater are gradually settled onto the sealing bottom plate, and the rainwater subjected to impurity removal is discharged into the water storage cellar through the water outlet pipe; when the impurities on the sealing bottom plate are deposited more, the sealing bottom plate can be manually turned, the bottom surface of the sealing bottom plate is changed into the top surface, the impurities accumulated on the sealing bottom plate are separated from the sealing bottom plate under the action of gravity, and part of the impurities adhered on the sealing bottom plate are shoveled away by a shovel and the like; therefore, the rainwater collecting device effectively deposits mountain stones, silt and the like mixed after rainwater is converged, so that the storage capacity of the water storage cellar is prevented from being gradually reduced due to sundries in collected water, and the damage caused by the mechanical seal of the irrigation water pump is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rainwater external-collection and internal-storage system for a steep rocky mountain, wherein the left diagram is a front elevation diagram, and the right diagram is a side elevation diagram.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tree structure of a bus duct.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the water storage cellar.
Fig. 4 is a photograph of a job site.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the trash rack sedimentation tank of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of an embodiment of the trash rack settling tank of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the trash rack sedimentation tank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 7.
Labeling components: 1-a sedimentation cylinder, 2-a sealing bottom plate, 3-a rotating shaft, 4-a hand wheel, 5-a boss, 6-a locking nut, 7-a filter screen, 8-a mounting ring, 9-a bolt, 10-a flange, 11-a water outlet pipe, 12-an outlet pipe, 13-a bell mouth, 14-an inclined plate, 15-a vertical plate, 16-a sedimentation layer, 17-a sedimentation cavity and 18-a water outlet cavity.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to" determining "or" in response to detecting ". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
The taihang mountain is an important mountain and a geographical boundary in the east region of China, is not only an ecological barrier in the plain of north China, but also a water source area of Jingjin Ji. The pacific region is upstream of the river basin, the lake upstream, and the Xiongan New region. Compared with other seven rivers in China, the river basin of the sea is mainly characterized in that the river is short in ditch depth and large in specific fall, the river is transited to plain from middle mountain, low mountain and hilly, and the fall is more than 2000 meters in the range of less than 300 kilometers in east and west. Drought and flood control are the biggest water safety problems in the river basin of the sea, and in short term, the downstream flood control standard is mainly improved, but in long term, the rainfall resource regulation and control capability and the water source conservation capability of the upstream mountain area are also improved, and the peak eliminating, peak staggering and flood storage capability of the mountain area ecological system is exerted.
Example 1
A method for constructing a rainwater external-collection internal-storage system for steep rocky mountains is used for constructing a rainwater collection surface, a confluence ditch, a sedimentation tank and a reservoir from the top of a mountain to the bottom of the rocky mountain, wherein the rocky mountain cannot be subjected to rainwater collection and storage due to steep gradient; a trash rack for filtering and removing impurities is constructed between the confluence ditch and the sedimentation tank; the impurities comprise dry branches and fallen leaves and sand gravel; the collecting surface directly adopts a natural slope of a steep stone mountain; the confluence ditches comprise agricultural ditches, bucket ditches, branch ditches and trunk ditches and form a tree-shaped branch structure; the agricultural ditches are longitudinally distributed in a contour line and transversely form an inverted slope, a plurality of agricultural ditches are converged to the bucket ditches, a plurality of bucket ditches are converged to the branch ditches, a plurality of branch ditches are converged to the dry ditches, and the dry ditches are led to the sedimentation tank; the sedimentation tank is positioned at the tail end of the confluence ditch and the front end of the water storage cellar; the water storage cellar is built inside the mountain body by adopting a rock excavation operation method according to the standards of deep excavation, wide water collection, annual adjustment and normal water supply.
The theory of operation of this embodiment does, when the rainfall takes place, the rainfall produces the surface runoff at first on the nature slope of precipitous rocky mountain, and secondly the rainwater runoff passes through the confluence ditch and enters trash rack and sedimentation tank, and the rainwater runoff after purifying once more gets into the inside retaining cellar in mountain and stores, supplies people to use.
Example 2
The width of the agricultural ditch of the confluence ditch is 30-50cm, the depth is 30-50cm, the agricultural ditch is longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, the longitudinal gradient is 1/500-1/300, and the transverse gradient is 5-10 degrees; the width of the bucket groove of the confluence groove is 50-80cm, the depth is 30-50cm, the bucket groove is longitudinally and vertically distributed with a contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain; the width of the branch groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the branch groove is longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is 1/500-1/300; the width of the main groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the longitudinal direction is vertical to the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain.
Example 4
The upper part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a semicircle, the lower part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a rectangle, and the diameter of the upper semicircle is the same as the long edge of the lower rectangle; for the water storage cellar with the rock structure stability of the mountain body not reaching the standard, reinforcement treatment is carried out according to the following method: anchoring the upper part of the water storage cellar, reinforcing a steel ring and reinforcing a corrugated steel plate; for the water storage cellar with the rock permeability of the mountain body not reaching the standard, performing anti-seepage treatment according to the following method: and impermeable films, impermeable cloth and impermeable plates are paved at the bottom and the side wall of the water storage cellar.
Example 5
Taking a limestone mountain as an example, the slope is 200 meters wide and 75 meters long, the area is 22 mu, the slope is 60 degrees, and the vertical projection plane is 11 mu. The collecting surface is a natural sloping field, and the ground surface is grown with low vegetation such as shrubs and grasses, and does not need to be treated. The length of a single agricultural ditch of the confluence ditch is 25 meters, the width is 30cm, the depth is 30cm, the agricultural ditches are longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, the longitudinal gradient is 1/500, and the transverse direction is a reverse slope of 5 degrees. The length of a single bucket groove of the confluence groove is 50 meters, the width of the single bucket groove is 50cm, the depth of the single bucket groove is 30cm, the single bucket groove is vertically distributed with a contour line in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal gradient of the single bucket groove is 60 degrees. The branch grooves of the confluence groove are 150 meters in length, 100cm in width, 50cm in depth, longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line and 1/500 in longitudinal gradient. The main groove of the confluence groove is 10 meters in length, 100cm in width, 50cm in depth, and 60 degrees in longitudinal gradient, and is vertically distributed with the contour line. The width of the trash rack is 100cm, and the height of the trash rack is 60 cm. The width of the sedimentation tank is 100cm, the length is 200cm, and the depth is 100 cm. The diameter of the semicircle at the upper part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is 6 meters, the long side of the rectangle at the lower part is 6 meters, the short side is 3 meters, and the cross section area is 32 square meters. The length of the water storage cellar is 12 meters, and the volume of the water storage cellar is 385 cubic meters. The upper part of the water storage cellar is subjected to steel ring reinforcement treatment, and the lower part is subjected to anti-seepage treatment by spraying rapid-hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating. The maximum water storage capacity is 385 cubic meters, and the suitable water storage capacity is 216 cubic meters.
Example 6
The embodiment relates to a trash rack sedimentation tank for a steep rocky mountain rainwater external-collection internal-storage system, which comprises a sedimentation cylinder 1, wherein the sedimentation cylinder 1 is positioned below an outlet pipe 12 of a dry ditch, an outlet of the outlet pipe 12 faces to the top opening of the sedimentation cylinder 1, an outlet pipe 11 is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder 1, a sealing bottom plate 2 is rotatably installed at the lower part of the sedimentation cylinder 1, the sealing bottom plate 2 can be driven by external force to overturn by taking the diameter of the sedimentation cylinder 1 as an axis, and impurities in rainwater settle on the sealing bottom plate 2 and form a sedimentation layer 16, as shown in figures 5 to 9. The working principle of the invention is as follows: the collected rainwater flows into the precipitation cylinder 1 through the water outlet pipe 11 of the dry ditch and above the precipitation cylinder 1, impurities in the rainwater are gradually settled onto the sealing bottom plate 2, and the rainwater after impurity removal is discharged into the water storage cellar through the water outlet pipe 11; when the impurity deposit on sealing bottom plate 2 is more, can artifically overturn sealing bottom plate 2, sealing bottom plate 2's bottom surface changes the top surface into, gathers in the impurity of sealing bottom plate 2 and separates with sealing bottom plate 2 under the action of gravity, and the impurity that part bonded on sealing bottom plate 2 is through spade etc. and shovel it away. The invention has the advantages that: effectively deposit mountain stone, silt etc. that mix with behind the rainwater confluence to the debris of avoiding catchmenting cause the retaining cellar for storing things storage capacity to reduce gradually, and avoid watering water pump's mechanical seal to cause the damage.
As shown in fig. 5, a filter screen 7 is installed on the upper portion of the sedimentation cylinder 1, and the outlet pipe 12 is located above the filter screen 7, for allowing the collected rainwater to flow into the sedimentation cylinder 1 through the filter screen 7, in which process the filter screen 7 filters the large-volume crushed stone and the like out of the sedimentation cylinder 1. Wherein, pile up on filter screen 7 in order to prevent rubble etc. and lead to the difficult entering of rainwater to deposit a section of thick bamboo 1, perhaps the in-process flow that gets into a section of thick bamboo 1 is less, lead to rainwater to flow in a large number outside a section of thick bamboo 1 and extravagant, the wire side of filter screen 7 is towards the bellied arc surface of outlet pipe 12, because the setting of arc surface, most rubbles etc. can be along outside the domatic roll-off section of thick bamboo 1 of filter screen 7, the part can't break away from the rubble of filter screen 7, carry out the manual work when regularly overturning sealing bottom plate. And the concrete connected mode of filter screen 7 and sediment section of thick bamboo 1 of this embodiment does, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 4, the welding has collar 8 at the border of filter screen 7, the welding has the flange 10 that is used for supporting collar 8 on sediment section of thick bamboo 1, collar 8 passes through the top assembly of sediment section of thick bamboo 1 on flange 10, it has a plurality of screw holes to open on the perisporium of sediment section of thick bamboo 1 of collar 8 department, a plurality of bolts 9 pass corresponding screw hole back threaded connection respectively on collar 8, and then make collar 8 fix on sediment section of thick bamboo 1, the fixed of filter screen 7 has been realized. Simultaneously, outlet pipe 12's exit end constructs into the bellmouth 13 of big footpath end orientation precipitation section of thick bamboo 1, the rainwater that assembles like this passes through bellmouth 13 and evenly gets into precipitation section of thick bamboo 1 through filter screen 7 in, filterable rubble evenly distributes on filter screen 7 on the one hand, take place to touch between the rubble when avoiding filter screen 7 unilateral to filter and stop on filter screen 7, on the other hand avoids the impurity of subsiding to concentrate on sealing bottom plate 2's part, sealing bottom plate 2 upset cycle shortens, and the difficult condition of upset appears.
As shown in FIG. 6, a partition plate is fixedly welded in the interior of the sedimentation cylinder 1, the partition plate divides the sedimentation cylinder 1 into a sedimentation chamber 17 and a water outlet chamber 18, and the water outlet pipe 11 is communicated with the upper part of the water outlet chamber 18. The slope of sealing bottom plate 2 sets up, and sealing bottom plate 2's low side is located the below of drip chamber 17, and high-end below that is located play water cavity 18, and the impurity that subsides like this mostly is located sealing bottom plate 2's low side, the upset of the sealing bottom plate 2 of being convenient for, and the low side of the sealing bottom plate 2 after the upset is located the below of drip chamber 17, forms recirculation like this. In order to prevent impurities in rainwater entering the settling chamber 17 from disturbing the water outlet chamber 18, the partition plate comprises an upper inclined plate 14, the upper end of the inclined plate 14 is welded above the water outlet pipe 11, and the impurities in the rainwater are blocked by the inclined plate 14 and are separated out of the water outlet chamber 18. The lower end of the inclined plate 14 is welded with a vertical plate 15 extending to the sealing bottom plate 2 along the vertical direction, and the vertical plate 15 is used for isolating the middle parts of the sedimentation cavity 17 and the water outlet cavity 18 and the lower middle part, so that the position above the bottom of the water outlet cavity 18 is not interfered by the sedimentation cavity 17, and the water quality of the water outlet cavity 18 is ensured. As shown in fig. 7 and 9, the sealing bottom plate 2 is fixed on a rotating shaft 3, two ends of the rotating shaft 3 extend along the radial direction of the sedimentation cylinder 1 and are rotatably connected with the peripheral wall of the sedimentation cylinder 1, and a hand wheel 4 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 3, and the hand wheel 4 is positioned outside the sedimentation cylinder 1. The welding has boss 5 on the lateral wall of a section of thick bamboo 1 that deposits, and pivot 3 passes boss 5 and stretches out a section of thick bamboo 1 that deposits, and threaded connection has lock nut 6 on pivot 3, and when sealing bottom plate 2 and a section of thick bamboo 1 holding position unchangeable, lock nut 6 tightly butt is on boss 5. Regular manual work of accessible rainfall unscrews lock nut 6, and rotatory pivot 3 will subside the impurity and clear away, ensures the another side of sealed bottom plate 2 again and the face replacement of original in a section of thick bamboo 1, and it can to screw lock nut 6.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for a steep rocky mountain is characterized by comprising the following steps: aiming at a rocky mountain body which cannot collect and store rainwater due to steep gradient, constructing a rainwater collection surface, a confluence ditch, a sedimentation tank and a reservoir from the top of the mountain to the bottom; wherein, the collecting surface directly adopts a natural slope of a steep stone mountain; the confluence ditch comprises a farm ditch, a bucket ditch, branch ditches and a trunk ditch and forms a tree-shaped branch structure; the agricultural ditches are longitudinally distributed in a contour line and transversely form an inverted slope, a plurality of agricultural ditches are converged to the bucket ditches, a plurality of bucket ditches are converged to the branch ditches, a plurality of branch ditches are converged to the trunk ditches, and the trunk ditches are led to the sedimentation tank; the sedimentation tank is positioned at the tail end of the confluence ditch and the front end of the water storage cellar; the water storage cellar is built inside a mountain body by adopting a rock excavation operation method according to the standards of deep excavation, wide water collection, annual adjustment and normal water supply.
2. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: constructing a trash rack for filtering and removing impurities between the confluence ditch and the sedimentation tank; the impurities include dry branches and fallen leaves and sand gravel.
3. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the agricultural ditch of the confluence ditch is 30-50cm, the depth of the agricultural ditch is 30-50cm, the agricultural ditch is longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, the longitudinal slope is 1/500-1/300, and the transverse slope is 5-10 degrees.
4. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the bucket groove of the confluence groove is 50-80cm, the depth of the bucket groove is 30-50cm, the bucket groove is longitudinally distributed perpendicular to the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain.
5. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the branch groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the branch groove is longitudinally distributed in parallel with the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is 1/500-1/300.
6. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the main groove of the confluence groove is 100-120cm, the depth is 50-60cm, the main groove is longitudinally distributed perpendicular to the contour line, and the longitudinal gradient is determined according to the terrain.
7. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the water storage cellar is positioned in the mountain body, and the distance between the water storage cellar and the side surface of the mountain body is more than or equal to 5m, so that the stability of the mountain body is guaranteed; the upper part of the water storage cellar is constructed into an arch structure, and the vertical falling cross section of rock mass around the lower part of the water storage cellar is of a rectangular structure.
8. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a semicircle, the lower part of the cross section of the water storage cellar is a rectangle, and the diameter of the semicircle at the upper part is the same as the long edge of the rectangle at the lower part.
9. The construction method of the rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system facing the steep rocky mountain according to claim 1, wherein: for the water storage cellar with the rock structure stability of the mountain body not reaching the standard, reinforcement treatment is carried out according to the following method: anchoring the upper part of the water storage cellar, reinforcing a steel ring and reinforcing a corrugated steel plate; alternative or combined treatment; for the water storage cellar with the rock permeability of the mountain body not reaching the standard, performing anti-seepage treatment according to the following method: paving an anti-seepage film, an anti-seepage cloth and an anti-seepage plate at the bottom and the side wall of the water storage cellar; alternative or combined processing.
10. The utility model provides a trash rack sedimentation tank that is used for system of holding in steep rocky mountain rainwater is outer concentrated which characterized in that: the device comprises a precipitation cylinder positioned below an outlet pipe of a dry ditch, wherein an outlet of the outlet pipe faces to the top opening of the precipitation cylinder, a water outlet pipe is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the precipitation cylinder, and a sealing bottom plate which is driven by external force to overturn by taking the diameter of the precipitation cylinder as an axis is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the precipitation cylinder; the outlet end of the outlet pipe is configured into a bell mouth with a large-diameter end facing the sedimentation cylinder; a partition board is fixedly arranged in the sedimentation cylinder, the sedimentation cylinder is divided into a sedimentation cavity and a water outlet cavity by the partition board, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the upper part of the water outlet cavity; the partition plate comprises an inclined plate positioned at the upper part and a vertical plate positioned at the lower end of the inclined plate and extending to the sealing bottom plate along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the inclined plate is fixedly arranged above the water outlet pipe; the sealing bottom plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, and two ends of the rotating shaft extend along the radial direction of the precipitation cylinder and are rotationally connected with the peripheral wall of the precipitation cylinder; and a hand wheel is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft and is positioned outside the settling barrel.
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| CN202110299936.9A CN113026862B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Rainwater collection and storage system for enhancing conservation capacity of steep rocky mountain water source |
| CN202010043294.1A CN111236384B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Method for constructing rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for steep rocky mountain |
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| CN202010043294.1A CN111236384B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | Method for constructing rainwater external-concentration internal-storage system for steep rocky mountain |
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| CN113026862A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
| CN111236384B (en) | 2021-03-05 |
| CN113026862B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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