CN111234426A - Polytetrafluoroethylene composite material - Google Patents
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- CN111234426A CN111234426A CN202010110370.6A CN202010110370A CN111234426A CN 111234426 A CN111234426 A CN 111234426A CN 202010110370 A CN202010110370 A CN 202010110370A CN 111234426 A CN111234426 A CN 111234426A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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Abstract
The invention provides a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 0.1-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is prepared by dispersing the polytetrafluoroethylene resin, the fluorinated graphene, the glass fiber and the antimony trioxide in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution according to a weight ratio, drying, pressing, forming and sintering, and the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant comprises the following steps: dissolving the acrylated methoxy polyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propionic acid) trithiocarbonate and azobisisobutyronitrile into dioxane, introducing inert gas for deoxygenation, magnetically stirring until homogeneous solution reacts at 60-80 ℃, washing with n-hexane, and drying the product in vacuum. The components in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material have good dispersibility, and excellent mechanical property and heat conductivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer-based composite materials, in particular to a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
Background
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material has excellent characteristics of medium resistance, low friction coefficient, wide use temperature range and the like, and is an ideal material for sealing, but the PTFE material is easy to creep and wear under the action of external force, has short service life and poor mechanical property. In order to improve the comprehensive performance of polytetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene needs to be modified, usually, the polytetrafluoroethylene is physically filled with other materials, and the characteristics of composite materials are utilized to make up the defects of the polytetrafluoroethylene, so that the modification purpose is achieved.
The Chinese invention patent (publication No. CN102604282A) discloses a method for preparing a nanoparticle-filled composite material, which aims to improve the compatibility of inorganic nanoparticles and a polymer matrix material, the inorganic nanoparticles are subjected to surface modification by a coupling agent and then are molded, sintered and formed, so that the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the composite material can be effectively improved, and the friction coefficient is reduced. However, silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents used by the composite material are basically coupling agents with low boiling points, and can be decomposed at high temperature during high-temperature sintering, so that more gaps are formed in the composite material, the water absorption rate of the material is increased, and the density is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 0.1-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide;
the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution according to a weight ratio, carrying out solid-liquid separation, collecting solids and drying, wherein a solvent of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is an organic solvent;
(II) uniformly mixing the dried solids, and then maintaining the pressure for 1-30 minutes at 25-55 MPa to form a forming material;
(III) sintering the molding material obtained in the step (II) to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material;
the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the acrylic acid esterified methoxy polyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propionic acid group) trithiocarbonate and azobisisobutyronitrile into dioxane, and magnetically stirring the mixture to a homogeneous solution after inert gas is introduced for removing oxygen;
(2) and (2) reacting the homogeneous solution obtained in the step (1) at 60-80 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, washing with n-hexane, and drying the product in vacuum to obtain the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent.
According to the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide are mixed, matched and then dispersed in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent, and through the matching effect among the components, the dispersing effect of the components is better, and the components are not easy to agglomerate. Meanwhile, the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent prepared by the method can be anchored on the surface of filler particles in a solution, so that the steric hindrance is increased, and the agglomeration of each component in the composite material is avoided, thereby increasing the compatibility of the composite material and improving the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant, the acrylated methoxypolyethylene glycol is methoxypolyethylene glycol (350) monomethacrylate (sartomer company CD550), methoxypolyethylene glycol (350) monoacrylate (sartomer company CD551), methoxypolyethylene glycol (550) monomethacrylate (sartomer company CD552), methoxypolyethylene glycol (550) monoacrylate (sartomer company CD553)
Preferably, in the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant, the weight ratio of the esterified methoxy polyethylene glycol, the acrylic acid, the S, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propionic acid group) trithiocarbonate and the azobisisobutyronitrile is (40-60): (40-60): (1-2): (1-2).
The inventor discovers, through research, that the weight ratio of the esterified methoxy polyethylene glycol, the acrylic acid, the S, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propionic acid group) trithiocarbonate and the azobisisobutyronitrile in the preparation raw materials of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent is (40-60): (40-60): (1-2): (1-2), the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent can improve the dispersing effect of each component in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, and the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material are improved.
Preferably, in the step (2) of the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant, the reaction time is 8-12 h at 60-80 ℃.
Preferably, the solvent of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is any one or more of ethanol, normal hexane, acetone, toluene, chloroform and N, N-dimethylformamide, and the mass concentration of the solute in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is 5-20%.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the solute in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is 9-10%.
The inventor finds that when the mass concentration of the solute in the solution of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant is 9% -10%, the dispersion effect of each component of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is better, and the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material are better.
Preferably, the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 3-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide.
The inventor finds that the mechanical property and the heat-conducting property of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material are better when the weight ratio of the components in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 3-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide.
Preferably, in step (iii) of the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, the sintering method is: heating to 320-340 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-40 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 1-3 hours, heating to 380-400 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-40 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 1-3 hours, cooling to 320-340 ℃ at a cooling rate of 20-40 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 1-3 hours.
Preferably, in the step (I) of the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide are dispersed in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution by stirring according to a weight ratio, wherein the stirring speed is 100-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-60 min;
and (II) mixing the dried solid in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 2200r/min for 3-5 min, and uniformly mixing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, which is prepared by matching polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide, dispersing in a solution of a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent, and enabling the components to have better dispersing effect and be difficult to agglomerate through the matching effect of the components. Meanwhile, the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution can be anchored on the surface of the filler particles, so that the steric hindrance is increased, and the agglomeration of each component in the composite material is avoided, thereby increasing the compatibility of the composite material and improving the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a PTFE composite of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a PTFE composite of example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a PTFE composite of example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1 part of glass fiber and 1 part of antimony trioxide. The preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution according to a weight ratio, stirring at 300r/min for 30min, performing solid-liquid separation, collecting solids, and drying at 120 ℃ for 2h, wherein a solvent of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is ethanol, and a mass concentration of a solute in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is 10%;
(II) mixing the dried solid in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 2200r/min for 4min until the solid is uniformly mixed, and then maintaining the pressure for 5min at 30MPa to obtain a molding material;
(III) sintering the molding material obtained in the step (II) to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, wherein the sintering method comprises the following steps: heating to 320 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, heating to 380 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, then cooling to 320 ℃ at a cooling rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
The preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving methoxypolyethylene glycol (550) monomethacrylate (sartomer company, CD552), acrylic acid, S '-bis (2-methyl-2-propanoyl) trithiocarbonate and azobisisobutyronitrile in dioxane, removing oxygen by introducing nitrogen, and magnetically stirring to obtain a homogeneous solution, wherein the weight ratio of the acrylated methoxypolyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propanoyl) trithiocarbonate to azobisisobutyronitrile is 50: 50: 1: 2;
(2) and (2) reacting the homogeneous solution obtained in the step (1) at 70 ℃ for 12h in an inert gas atmosphere, quenching the solution in ice water, washing the solution with n-hexane, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying the product in vacuum to obtain the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent.
Example 2
The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 99 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 0.1 part of fluorinated graphene, 19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1 part of antimony trioxide.
Example 3
The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 3 parts of fluorinated graphene, 15 parts of glass fiber and 0.5 part of antimony trioxide.
Comparative example 1
The only difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is taken as an example of the invention: the components of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material do not contain fluorinated graphene, and the weight ratio of the rest components is consistent.
Comparative example 2
The only difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is taken as an example of the invention: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing 90 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 3 parts of fluorinated graphene, 15 parts of glass fiber and 0.5 part of antimony trioxide in a high-speed mixer at the speed of 2200r/min for 4min until the materials are uniformly mixed, and then maintaining the pressure for 5min at 30MPa to obtain a molding material;
(b) sintering the molding material obtained in the step (a) to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, wherein the sintering method comprises the following steps: heating to 320 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, heating to 380 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, then cooling to 320 ℃ at a cooling rate of 20 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 3 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
Effect example 1
The results of scanning electron microscope examination of the polytetrafluoroethylene composites of examples 1-3 are shown in FIGS. 1-3, and SEM images show that the polytetrafluoroethylene composites of examples 1-3 have excellent dispersibility of the components.
The polytetrafluoroethylene composites of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested and the results are shown in table 1.
The tensile strength is tested by a GB/T1040-92 plastic tensile property test method.
The elongation at break is tested by the GB/T1040-92 plastic tensile property test method.
The friction coefficient and the width of the grinding crack are tested by using a GB3960-83 plastic sliding friction wear test method.
TABLE 1 Performance parameters of abrasion-resistant self-lubricating sealing composites
Compared with the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1, in the examples 1 to 3, the polytetrafluoroethylene resin, the fluorinated graphene, the glass fiber and the antimony trioxide are dispersed in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent after being matched, and through the matching effect among the components, the dispersing effect of the components is better and the components are not easy to agglomerate. The strong intermolecular force between the fluorinated graphene surface active functional group and the polytetrafluoroethylene molecule can greatly improve the compatibility among the components of the polytetrafluoroethylene-based composite material, and meanwhile, the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent solution can be anchored on the surface of the filler particles, so that the steric hindrance is increased, the agglomeration of the components in the composite material is avoided, the compatibility of the composite material is increased, and the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 0.1-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide;
the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution according to a weight ratio, carrying out solid-liquid separation, collecting solids and drying, wherein a solvent of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is an organic solvent;
(II) uniformly mixing the dried solids, and then maintaining the pressure for 1-30 minutes at 25-55 MPa to form a forming material;
(III) sintering the molding material obtained in the step (II) to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material;
the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the acrylic acid esterified methoxy polyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propionic acid group) trithiocarbonate and azobisisobutyronitrile into dioxane, and magnetically stirring the mixture to a homogeneous solution after inert gas is introduced for removing oxygen;
(2) and (2) reacting the homogeneous solution obtained in the step (1) at 60-80 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, washing with n-hexane, and drying the product in vacuum to obtain the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersing agent.
2. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite according to claim 1, wherein said carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant is prepared by the method wherein said acrylated methoxy polyethylene glycol is any one of methoxy polyethylene glycol (350) monomethacrylate, methoxy polyethylene glycol (350) monoacrylate, methoxy polyethylene glycol (550) monomethacrylate, methoxy polyethylene glycol (550) monoacrylate.
3. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material according to claim 2, wherein in the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant, the weight ratio of the acrylated methoxy polyethylene glycol, the acrylic acid, the S, S' -bis (2-methyl-2-propanoyl) trithiocarbonate and the azobisisobutyronitrile is (40-60): (40-60): (1-2): (1-2).
4. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2) of the preparation method of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant, the reaction time at 60-80 ℃ is 8-12 h.
5. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein the solvent of the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution in the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is any one or more of ethanol, N-hexane, acetone, toluene, chloroform and N, N-dimethylformamide, and the mass concentration of the solute in the carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution is 5-20%.
6. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite according to claim 5, wherein the mass concentration of the solute in the solution of carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant is 9-10%.
7. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite according to claim 1, wherein said polytetrafluoroethylene composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts of fluorine-containing resin, 3-5 parts of fluorinated graphene, 0.1-19 parts of glass fiber and 0.1-1 part of antimony trioxide.
8. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite according to claim 1, wherein in step (iii) of the process for preparing the polytetrafluoroethylene composite, the sintering process is: heating to 320-340 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-40 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 1-3 hours, heating to 380-400 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-40 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 1-3 hours, cooling to 320-340 ℃ at a cooling rate of 20-40 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 1-3 hours.
9. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material as set forth in claim 1, wherein in step (i) of the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, fluorinated graphene, glass fiber and antimony trioxide are dispersed in a carboxylic acid modified macromolecular dispersant solution by stirring according to a weight ratio, wherein the stirring speed is 100-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-60 min;
and (II) mixing the dried solid in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 2200r/min for 3-5 min, and uniformly mixing.
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CN115011049A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-06 | 广东德创新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of PTFE composite nanofiber material |
CN116003939A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-25 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Fluorine-containing composite material used in radiation environment and preparation method and application thereof |
CN116285170A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-06-23 | 常州锐泰新材料科技有限公司 | Polytetrafluoroethylene composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (5)
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CN115011049A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-06 | 广东德创新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of PTFE composite nanofiber material |
CN116285170A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-06-23 | 常州锐泰新材料科技有限公司 | Polytetrafluoroethylene composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN116003939A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-25 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Fluorine-containing composite material used in radiation environment and preparation method and application thereof |
CN116003939B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2024-01-02 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Fluorine-containing composite material used in radiation environment and preparation method and application thereof |
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