CN111233402A - Anti-cracking facing layer of cement concrete member and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking facing layer of cement concrete member and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111233402A CN111233402A CN202010144938.6A CN202010144938A CN111233402A CN 111233402 A CN111233402 A CN 111233402A CN 202010144938 A CN202010144938 A CN 202010144938A CN 111233402 A CN111233402 A CN 111233402A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-cracking facing layer of a cement concrete member and a preparation method thereof. The anti-cracking facing layer of the cement concrete member consists of cement, metakaolin, silica fume, an expanding agent, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, an additive, a reinforcing agent and water. Firstly, weighing the components in sequence, stirring for 3-6 min to obtain finish coat premixed concrete, then providing three forming modes of horizontal plane, vertical plane and pattern design according to the part and structure type of the member finish coat, and finally coating the surface with a fair-faced concrete protective agent after finishing maintenance to obtain the required finish coat. The facing layer mixture has good performance, the mechanical property of the concrete meets the requirement of the designed strength grade, and the reinforcing agent has obvious improvement effect on the strength of the concrete. The concrete member can meet the design requirements of high crack resistance, high quality appearance and member decoration diversity under the condition of not reducing the mechanical property, the durability and the like of the concrete member, the construction cost is reduced, and the concrete member has stronger practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cement concrete products, in particular to an anti-cracking facing layer of a cement concrete member and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with building materials such as wood, steel, plastics and the like, the cement concrete material has the advantages of low price of raw materials, wide sources, easy construction and the like, but the cement concrete also has the defects of high brittleness, easy cracking and the like, once cracks are generated, the structural performance is greatly reduced, and the problem of solving the cracks of the concrete is also one of the difficult problems in the current engineering field.
In the concrete members such as precast box girders and large pier columns, the concrete surface is often required to have good crack resistance, and the defects of holes, bubbles, cellular pitted surfaces and the like are few, and the color is uniform and the like. If all the members adopt high-crack-resistance fair-faced concrete, the production and construction process is complex, the manufacturing cost is not high, and the current fine aggregate is in short supply, so that the technical control difficulty is inevitably increased and the cost waste is generated. The anti-cracking type cement concrete member facing layer can effectively meet the requirements of high anti-cracking performance and high-quality appearance of the member and reduce the construction cost. In addition, the decorative layer can be designed to have the effect of patterns, such as embedding decorative materials such as luminous stones and colored stones, and the like, so that the decorative diversity design requirements of the cement concrete structure are met.
Therefore, the invention provides the anti-cracking veneer layer of the cement concrete member and the preparation method thereof, which can enable the concrete members such as the precast box girder and the large pier column and the cement concrete handicraft to have high anti-cracking performance and high-quality appearance requirement, meet the decorative diversity design of the members and reduce the construction cost under the condition of not reducing the mechanical property, the durability and the like of the concrete members.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-cracking decorative layer of a cement concrete member and a preparation method thereof, in order to enable the concrete member such as a precast box girder and a large pier column to have high crack resistance and high quality appearance requirement, meet the decorative diversity design of the member and reduce the construction cost under the condition of not reducing the mechanical property, the durability and the like of the concrete member.
The invention provides an anti-cracking facing layer of a cement concrete member, which consists of cement, metakaolin, silica fume, an expanding agent, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, an additive, a reinforcing agent and water, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 220-450 parts of cement, 10-40 parts of metakaolin, 5-25 parts of silica fume, 10-50 parts of an expanding agent, 3-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, 700-1000 parts of fine aggregate, 800-1100 parts of coarse aggregate, 5-15 parts of an additive, 5-20 parts of a reinforcing agent and 140-175 parts of water.
In the invention, the cement is P.O42.5 cement.
In the invention, the metakaolin is prepared by calcining the metakaolin at the temperature of 650-850 ℃ for 2-4 h, wherein the active Al is2O3And active SiO2The content is not less than 90 percent, and the density is 250-270 kg/m3The specific surface area is more than or equal to 1500m2/kg。
In the invention, the silica fume adopts an encryption technology to gather the original state silica fume into small particle groups, wherein SiO is2The content is not less than 85 percent, and the specific surface area is not less than 15000m2/kg。
In the invention, the expanding agent is of HEA type, the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 12%, and the 21d limited expansion rate in the air is more than or equal to-0.020%.
In the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber is a high-strength high-modulus fiber, the fiber length is 12mm, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 35GPa, the elongation is 6-10%, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1500 MPa.
In the invention, the fine aggregate is class I quartz machine-made sand which conforms to GBT14684 construction sand.
In the invention, the coarse aggregate is I or II crushed stone which meets GBT14685 construction pebble and crushed stone, and the particle size is 5-20 mm.
In the invention, the additive is a high-performance polycarboxylic acid additive doped with defoaming components, and the water reduction rate of the additive is more than or equal to 25%. The chemical component of the defoaming agent is glycerol polyoxypropylene ether, and the water reducing rate of the additive is more than or equal to 25 percent. The chemical components of the defoaming agent are glycerol polyoxypropylene ether, the acid value is less than or equal to 0.5mgKOH/g, the hydroxyl value is 52-60 mgKOH/g, and the mixing amount is 0.20-0.50 percent of the additive.
In the invention, the reinforcing agent is a semi-prepolymer synthesized by low-functionality (1-2.5) polyisocyanate and a hydroxyl compound, and is diluted by an organic solvent. The molar ratio of the polyisocyanate to the hydroxyl compound is 2: 1-12: 1, and the mass ratio of the semi-prepolymer to the organic solvent is 1: 5-1: 15; the polyisocyanate may be toluene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, or polymethylene diisocyanate, the hydroxyl compound may be ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or butylene glycol, and the organic solvent may be acetone, diethyl ether, or butyl acetate.
In the invention, the water is common concrete mixing water which meets JGJ 63 concrete water standard.
The invention provides a preparation method of an anti-cracking finish coat of a cement concrete member, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kaolin to obtain metakaolin, calcining the metakaolin at 650-850 deg.C for 2-4 hr to obtain metakaolin, wherein the active Al is2O3And active SiO2The content is not less than 90 percent, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 1500m2/kg；
(2) Pretreating silica fume, aggregating the original-state silica fume into small particle groups by adopting an encryption technology to obtain silica fume SiO2The content is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 15000m2/kg；
(3) Weighing P.O42.5 cement, the metakaolin obtained in the step (1), the silica fume obtained in the step (2) and the expanding agent according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the inorganic cementing material of the required product; weighing PVA fiber, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, an additive, a reinforcing agent and water according to the parts by weight for later use;
(4) pouring the inorganic cementing material, the PVA fiber, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate weighed in the step (3) into a stirring pot, and stirring for 1-2 min to uniformly mix the materials;
(5) uniformly adding the weighed additive and water into the product obtained in the step (4) in the stirring process, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min;
(6) uniformly adding the weighed reinforcing agent into the product obtained in the step (5) in the stirring process, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min to obtain premixed concrete;
(7) and (4) directly pouring the premixed concrete obtained in the step (6) to form the anti-cracking finishing coat of the cement concrete member. If the member is complex in structure and inconvenient to integrally cast and mold, the finishing layer mold can be horizontally placed, and the molded finishing layer can be used as a permanent template of the member after being hardened to form a part of the member. If the surface of the member needs to be decorated with patterns, the luminous stones and the colored stones can be spliced into the patterns and adhered to the template by using the strong universal glue, and the patterns are embedded into the decorative layer after demolding, so that the whole member has a good decoration effect.
The invention provides a method for forming an anti-cracking decorative surface layer of a cement concrete member, which comprises the following steps:
(1) if the facing layer is positioned on the horizontal plane of the member, concrete designed by the member can be poured firstly, and the facing layer is directly poured before the concrete of the layer is close to initial setting, so that the strength grades of the concrete designed by the facing layer and the member are ensured to be the same, and the facing layer and the concrete designed by the member can be effectively combined into a whole to play a role together;
(2) if the facing layer is positioned on the vertical surface of the component, the facing layer can be manufactured firstly, after the facing layer has certain strength, concrete designed by the component is poured, and the facing layer can be used as a permanent template of the component and has a protection effect in the service process of the component;
(3) if the component needs to be provided with decorative patterns, a mold release agent can be uniformly coated on the template, decorative materials (such as luminous stones, colored stones and the like) are adhered to the template by adopting powerful universal glue, and after the powerful universal glue has certain bonding strength, facing layer concrete is poured into the template, and the required patterns are formed after demolding;
(4) the maintenance of the anti-cracking finish coat of the cement concrete member can be carried out according to the existing common concrete maintenance technology, and the surface of the cement concrete member is coated with the fair-faced concrete protective agent after the maintenance is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the concrete members such as precast box girders and large pier columns and cement concrete artware can have high crack resistance and high quality appearance requirements and meet the decorative diversity design of the members without reducing the mechanical property, the durability and the like of the concrete members and the cement concrete artware, and the construction cost is reduced;
(2) the hydration of the inorganic cementing material and the solidification of the reinforcing agent are carried out simultaneously, and the inorganic cementing material and the reinforcing agent are mutually filled to form a more compact integral structure. The reinforcing agent, the PVA fiber and the expanding agent can obviously improve the crack resistance of the member, and the silica fume, the metakaolin and the defoaming agent can improve the workability and the surface decoration effect of the concrete mixture;
(3) the veneer layer forming mode provided by the invention can meet the preparation of various special-shaped components, can be used for manufacturing cement concrete artware, and has strong practicability.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the contents of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
Examples 1 to 6
In examples 1 to 6, the cement used was conch P.O42.5 cement with an apparent density of 3070 kg/m3The 28d compressive strength is 48.4 MPa; the silica fume is prepared by adopting Sichuan Lantian encrypted silica fume with apparent density of 2180 kg/m3，SiO294 percent of the total weight of the powder, and the specific surface area of the powder is 15800m2/kg, 28d activity 115%; the expanding agent is a three-source HEA type, the water reducing rate is 13 percent, and the 21d limited expansion rate in the air is-0.02 percent; the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber adopts wide-constant chemical high-strength high-modulus fiber, the fiber length is 12mm, the elastic modulus is 36GPa, the elongation is 8 percent, and the tensile strength is 1600 MPa; the fine aggregate is Hunan Tan quartz machine-made sand, and the fineness modulus is 2.8; the coarse aggregate is the Melandros limestone macadam, the particle size is 5-20 mm, and the crushing value is 8.5%; the water is tap water; the admixture adopts a high-performance polycarboxylic admixture of new material science and technology Limited company for the construction of Zhongjian West, and the formula of each component is shown inTable 1.
TABLE 1 the ratio of the components of the admixture (weight ratio)
| Examples | Water reducing agent/%) | Anti-foaming agent/%) | Solids content/% | Water reduction rate/%) |
| 1 | 99.80 | 0.20 | 20.0 | 26.3 |
| 2 | 99.75 | 0.25 | 19.7 | 25.8 |
| 3 | 99.70 | 0.30 | 19.3 | 25.5 |
| 4 | 99.65 | 0.35 | 20.8 | 26.0 |
| 5 | 99.60 | 0.40 | 21.0 | 27.6 |
| 6 | 99.50 | 0.50 | 21.3 | 28.0 |
The proportion of the components of the reinforcing agent is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 proportion (mol ratio or weight ratio) of the reinforcing agent
The specific process parameters of the metakaolin preparation method are shown in table 3, and the specific operation steps are as follows: is prepared by calcining kaolin at 650-850 ℃ for 2-4 h, cooling and grinding, wherein the active Al is2O3And active SiO2The content is not less than 90 percent, and the density is 250-270 kg/m3The specific surface area is more than or equal to 1500m2/kg
TABLE 3 Process for the preparation of metakaolin
| Examples | Calcination temperature/. degree.C | Calcination time/h | Specific surface area m after grinding2/kg |
| 1 | 650 | 3 | 1750 |
| 2 | 700 | 3 | 1680 |
| 3 | 700 | 3 | 1650 |
| 4 | 750 | 2 | 1700 |
| 5 | 800 | 2 | 1800 |
| 6 | 850 | 2 | 1730 |
The mix proportion of the anti-cracking facing layer of the cement concrete member is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 mixture ratio of anti-crack facing layer of cement concrete member
Concrete mixture performance tests and concrete mechanical property detection are carried out on the anti-cracking finish coat of the cement concrete member prepared in the embodiments 1-6 according to GB/T50080 and GB/T50081, and the detection results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 mixture properties of anti-crack finishing coat of cement concrete member and mechanical properties of concrete
The results in table 5 show that the cement concrete member anti-cracking facing layer mixture prepared in examples 1-6 is good in performance, the mechanical property of the concrete meets the requirement of the designed strength grade, and the reinforcing agent has an improvement effect on the strength of the concrete.
The forming process of the anti-cracking facing layer of the cement concrete member can adopt the following methods:
(1) if the finish coat is located the component horizontal plane, can pour the concrete of component design earlier, wait this layer concrete and directly pour the finish coat before near the initial set, ensure that the concrete intensity grade of finish coat and component design is the same, the concrete of finish coat and component design can effectively combine to be a whole, the common play effect.
(2) If the facing layer is positioned on the vertical surface of the component, the facing layer can be manufactured firstly, the concrete designed by the component is poured after the facing layer has certain strength, and the facing layer can be used as a permanent template of the component and has a protection effect in the service process of the component.
(3) If the member needs to be designed with decorative patterns, a mold release agent can be uniformly coated on the template, decorative materials (such as luminous stones, colored stones and the like) are adhered to the template by adopting powerful universal glue, and after the powerful universal glue has certain bonding strength, facing layer concrete is poured into the template, and the required patterns are formed by demolding.
(4) The maintenance of the anti-cracking finish coat of the cement concrete member can be carried out according to the existing common concrete maintenance technology, and the surface of the cement concrete member is coated with the permeable bare concrete protective agent after the maintenance is finished.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-cracking facing layer of the cement concrete member is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 220-450 parts of cement, 10-40 parts of metakaolin, 5-25 parts of silica fume, 10-50 parts of an expanding agent, 3-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, 700-1000 parts of fine aggregate, 800-1100 parts of coarse aggregate, 5-15 parts of an additive, 5-20 parts of a reinforcing agent and 140-175 parts of water.
2. The cement concrete member anti-cracking facing layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the metakaolin is calcined at 650-850 ℃ for 2-4 h, wherein the active Al is2O3And active SiO2The content is not less than 90 percent, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 1500m2Per kg; the silica fume adopts an encryption technology to aggregate original state silica fume into small particle groups, wherein SiO is2The content is not less than 85 percent, and the specific surface area is not less than 15000m2/kg。
3. The cement concrete member anti-cracking finishing layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanding agent is HEA type, the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 12%, and the 21d limited expansion rate in air is more than or equal to-0.020%.
4. The cement concrete member anti-cracking finishing layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber is a high-strength high-modulus fiber, the fiber length is 12mm, the elastic modulus is not less than 35GPa, the elongation is 6% -10%, and the tensile strength is not less than 1500 MPa.
5. The cement concrete member anti-cracking facing layer according to claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate is class i quartz machine-made sand conforming to GBT14684 sand for construction; the coarse aggregate is I or II crushed stone which meets GBT14685 construction pebble and crushed stone, and the particle size is 5-20 mm.
6. The cement concrete member anti-cracking facing layer according to claim 1, wherein the admixture is a high-performance polycarboxylic acid admixture doped with defoaming components, and the water reducing rate of the admixture is more than or equal to 25%; the chemical components of the defoaming agent are glycerol polyoxypropylene ether, the acid value is less than or equal to 0.5mgKOH/g, the hydroxyl value is 52-60 mgKOH/g, and the mixing amount is 0.20-0.50 percent of the additive.
7. The cement concrete member anti-cracking finishing layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing agent is a semi-prepolymer synthesized by low-functionality (1-2.5) polyisocyanate and hydroxyl compound, and is diluted by an organic solvent; the molar ratio of the polyisocyanate to the hydroxyl compound is 2: 1-12: 1, and the mass ratio of the semi-prepolymer to the organic solvent is 1: 5-1: 15; the polyisocyanate is any one of toluene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate or polymethylene diisocyanate, the hydroxyl compound is any one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or butanediol, and the organic solvent is any one of acetone, diethyl ether or butyl acetate.
8. The anti-cracking facing layer of cement concrete member as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water is normal concrete mixing water meeting JGJ 63 Water for concrete Standard.
9. The preparation method of the anti-cracking facing layer of the cement concrete member according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) pretreating kaolin to obtain metakaolin, calcining the metakaolin at 650-850 deg.C for 2-4 hr to obtain metakaolin, wherein the active Al is2O3And active SiO2The content is not less than 90 percent, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 1500m2/kg；
(2) Pretreating silica fume, aggregating the original-state silica fume into small particle groups by adopting an encryption technology to obtain silica fume SiO2The content is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 15000m2/kg；
(3) Weighing P.O42.5 cement, the metakaolin obtained in the step (1), the silica fume obtained in the step (2) and the expanding agent according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the inorganic cementing material of the required product; weighing PVA fiber, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, an additive, a reinforcing agent and water according to the parts by weight for later use;
(4) pouring the inorganic cementing material, the PVA fiber, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate weighed in the step (3) into a stirring pot, and stirring for 1-2 min to uniformly mix the materials;
(5) uniformly adding the weighed additive and water into the product obtained in the step (4) in the stirring process, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min;
(6) uniformly adding the weighed reinforcing agent into the product obtained in the step (5) in the stirring process, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min to obtain premixed concrete;
(7) and (4) directly pouring the premixed concrete obtained in the step (6) to form the anti-cracking finishing coat of the cement concrete member.
10. A method for forming an anti-crack finish coat of a cement concrete member according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) if the facing layer is positioned on the horizontal plane of the member, concrete designed by the member can be poured firstly, and the facing layer is directly poured before the concrete of the layer is close to initial setting, so that the strength grades of the concrete designed by the facing layer and the member are ensured to be the same, and the facing layer and the concrete designed by the member can be effectively combined into a whole to play a role together;
(2) if the facing layer is positioned on the vertical surface of the component, the facing layer can be manufactured firstly, after the facing layer has certain strength, concrete designed by the component is poured, and the facing layer can be used as a permanent template of the component and has a protection effect in the service process of the component;
(3) if the component needs to be provided with decorative patterns, a mold release agent can be uniformly coated on the template, the decorative material is adhered to the template by adopting a strong universal adhesive, after the strong universal adhesive has certain bonding strength, facing layer concrete is poured into the template, and the required patterns are formed after demolding;
(4) the maintenance of the anti-cracking finish coat of the cement concrete member can be carried out according to the existing common concrete maintenance technology, and the surface of the cement concrete member is coated with the fair-faced concrete protective agent after the maintenance is finished.
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