CN114044656B - Dry and hard concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dry and hard concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114044656B CN114044656B CN202111465052.2A CN202111465052A CN114044656B CN 114044656 B CN114044656 B CN 114044656B CN 202111465052 A CN202111465052 A CN 202111465052A CN 114044656 B CN114044656 B CN 114044656B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dry and hard concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dry and hard concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 380-480 parts of cement; 1800-2000 parts of steel slag; 120-180 parts of yellow sand; 4.0 to 18.0 portions of water reducer; 130-140 parts of water. The dry and hard concrete has obvious enhancement effect on the flexural strength of the concrete by adding the water reducer, has good adaptability, has obvious improvement effect on various performances of the concrete under the condition of being mixed with steel slag aggregate, effectively solves the problems of pavement cracking and the like, and can develop a new way for utilizing large amount of industrial solid waste steel slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to dry and hard concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete, abbreviated as concrete, is a general term of engineering composite materials in which aggregate is cemented into a whole by cementing materials, and is obtained by mixing cement serving as cementing materials, sand and stone serving as aggregate, water, additives and the like according to a certain proportion and stirring. With the development of science and technology and the diversification of road structural forms, more and more building materials are widely applied, various concrete layers are endless, and the varieties are various, wherein the varieties of products of dry and hard concrete are gradually enriched. Concrete with slump of 20-40mm and Vibrio consistency in 11-20 s is called dry hard concrete.
With the continuous expansion of the basic construction scale of China, the urban level is continuously improved, natural sand and stone resources are gradually lacking in recent years, and the raw materials for preparing the dry and hard concrete in many areas with lacking sand and stone resources are supplied in a shortage way.
The invention discloses a cement-based dry hard concrete, the bulletin number of which is CN112851232A, and the invention discloses that waste mud can be used for replacing part of aggregate required in cement-based dry hard concrete production, and the 28-day flexural strength and the 28-day compressive strength of the waste mud are greatly improved.
The invention has obvious reinforcement effect on concrete strength by adding a water reducing agent, has good adaptability, has obvious improvement effect on various properties of the concrete under the condition of unchanged powder when being mixed into the concrete, and effectively solves the problems of poor workability, large water absorption capacity, difficult slurry lifting and consistency loss of the machine-made sand pavement concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a dry and hard concrete and a method for preparing the same, which are used for solving the problem of lack of raw materials for preparing the dry and hard concrete in the prior art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention is achieved by including the following technical means.
The invention provides a dry and hard concrete, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
preferably, the cement is 440-480 parts.
Preferably, 1850 to 1860 parts of steel slag.
Preferably, 150-160 parts of yellow sand.
Preferably, the water reducer is 4.4-8.8 parts.
Preferably, 130 to 133 parts of water, such as 130 parts, 131 parts, 132 parts or 133 parts, are used.
Preferably, the water reducer is an HPWR-R water reducer.
Preferably, the average size of the steel slag is 3-5 mm.
Preferably, the free calcium content in the steel slag is less than 3%, and the total iron content in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1%.
Preferably, the grain size of the yellow sand is 0.25-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the cement is p.c42.5.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the dry and hard concrete, wherein the dry and hard concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing the raw material components.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Adding water into the steel slag for wetting to obtain steel slag aggregate;
2) Uniformly mixing cement and a water reducing agent to obtain a cementing material;
3) Uniformly mixing the steel slag aggregate obtained in the step 1), the yellow sand and a part of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), then adding the rest of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), adding the rest of water, and uniformly stirring.
The invention further aims at a construction method of the dry and hard concrete, which comprises the steps of mixing raw material components of the dry and hard concrete, pouring the mixture into a mould, vibrating and molding the mixture, and curing the mixture. Preferably, the curing temperature is 5-45 ℃ and the curing humidity is more than 75%.
As described above, the dry and hard concrete and the preparation method thereof of the invention have the following beneficial effects: the steel slag is taken as coarse aggregate, and the fluidity of a mixed system is improved under the condition of keeping a lower water-cement ratio; the water reducer is added, so that on one hand, the water consumption can be reduced, the water-cement ratio is further reduced, and the high-strength dry and hard concrete is obtained, and the strength of the concrete is improved, and meanwhile, other properties of the dry and hard concrete, such as compactness, durability and the like, are improved to different degrees; on the other hand, the dispersion effect of the water reducing agent is beneficial to the growth of the fine structure of the cement stone, and the pore distribution condition of the cement stone is changed to different degrees, so that macropores are reduced, more smaller pores are generated, the crystal growth is more compact, the mechanical property of the dry hard concrete is improved, and the durability of the dry hard concrete is improved.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Before the embodiments of the invention are explained in further detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its scope to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods in the following examples, in which specific conditions are not noted, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
Where numerical ranges are provided in the examples, it is understood that unless otherwise stated herein, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints are significant both in the numerical range. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, materials used in the embodiments, any methods, devices, and materials of the prior art similar or equivalent to those described in the embodiments of the present invention may be used to practice the present invention according to the knowledge of one skilled in the art and the description of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a concrete dry and hard concrete, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
in the technical scheme, steel slag is added into raw materials to serve as coarse aggregate, and the fluidity of a mixed system is improved under the condition of keeping a lower water-cement ratio; the water reducer is added, so that on one hand, the water consumption can be reduced, the water-cement ratio is further reduced, and the high-strength dry and hard concrete is obtained, and the strength of the concrete is improved, and meanwhile, other properties of the dry and hard concrete, such as compactness, impermeability, durability and the like, are improved to different degrees; on the other hand, the dispersion effect of the water reducing agent is beneficial to the growth of the fine structure of the cement stone, and the pore distribution condition of the cement stone is changed to different degrees, so that macropores are reduced, more smaller pores are generated, the crystal growth is more compact, the mechanical property of the dry hard concrete is improved, and the durability of the dry hard concrete is improved. The dry and hard concrete has obvious enhancement effect on the flexural strength of the concrete by adding the water reducer, has good adaptability, has obvious improvement effect on various performances of the concrete under the condition of being mixed with steel slag aggregate, effectively solves the problems of pavement cracking and the like, and can develop a new way for utilizing large amount of industrial solid waste steel slag.
In one specific embodiment, the cement is 410 to 450 parts.
In a specific embodiment, steel slag 1840-1860.
In a specific embodiment, the yellow sand is 130 to 160 parts.
In one specific embodiment, the water reducing agent is 13.0 to 18.0 parts.
In one specific embodiment, 130 to 135 parts of water.
In a specific embodiment, the water reducing agent is an HPWR-R water reducing agent
In a specific embodiment, the average size of the steel slag is 3-5mm, such as 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm. The average size of the steel slag raw material is limited in the range, and the effect of improving the flexural strength of the hard-dry concrete is achieved.
In a specific embodiment, the free calcium content in the steel slag is less than 3%, and the total iron content in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1%. The components of the steel slag raw materials defined by the technical proposal are similar to cement clinker, and the steel slag raw materials are added into the dry and hard concrete as an admixture to improve the strength and the durability of the dry and hard concrete.
In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the yellow sand is 0.25 to 0.5mm. Such as 0.25 to 0.30mm,0.30 to 0.35mm,0.35 to 0.40mm,0.40 to 0.45mm, and 0.45 to 0.5mm. The average size of the yellow sand raw material is limited in the middle sand range, the middle sand air gap rate is reasonable, the grade is well matched, and the compactness and the strength of the dry and hard concrete and the mortar can be improved.
In a specific embodiment, the cement is p.c42.5.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the dry and hard concrete, and the dry and hard concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing the raw material components.
In a specific embodiment, the method of preparation comprises the steps of:
1) Adding water into the steel slag for wetting to obtain steel slag aggregate;
2) Uniformly mixing cement and a water reducing agent to obtain a cementing material;
3) Uniformly mixing the steel slag aggregate obtained in the step 1), the yellow sand and a part of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), then adding the rest of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), adding the rest of water, and uniformly stirring.
By adopting the technical scheme, all raw material components of the dry and hard concrete can be uniformly stirred, and aggregate agglomeration is prevented.
In a more specific embodiment, in step 3), 1/2 of the cement is added before the remaining 1/2 of the cement is added.
The embodiment of the application also provides a construction method of the dry and hard concrete, which comprises the steps of mixing raw material components of the dry and hard concrete, pouring into a mould and curing.
In a specific embodiment, the curing temperature is 5-45 ℃ and the curing humidity is greater than 75%.
In a specific embodiment, before pouring into a mould, the raw material components of the dry and hard concrete after being uniformly mixed are sent into a rubber sand test mould and placed on a vibrating table to vibrate for 4-8 s.
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
The sources and parameters of the raw material components used in the following examples of the present application are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 sources of raw materials and parameters
Examples 1 to 6
Referring to the recipe shown in tables 1 and 2, the raw material components were mixed by feeding according to the following steps:
1) Adding water into the steel slag for wetting to obtain steel slag aggregate;
2) Uniformly mixing cement and a water reducing agent to obtain a cementing material;
3) Uniformly mixing the steel slag aggregate obtained in the step 1), the yellow sand and the cementing material obtained in the step 1/2) and then adding the rest cementing material obtained in the step 2) into the mixture, adding the rest water and uniformly stirring the mixture.
The concrete mixtures formed in examples 1 to 6 of the present application were able to mix homogeneously, consistently in colour, without segregation and bleeding phenomena.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that no water reducer was added and the rest of the process was exactly the same.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 was different from example 1 in that the amount of steel slag added was 1500g, and the rest of the process was exactly the same.
TABLE 2 raw material formulation tables for examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
| Raw materials | Cement/g | Steel slag/g | Yellow sand/g | Water reducing agent/g | Water/g |
| Example 1 | 440 | 1850 | 150 | 8.8 | 132 |
| Example 2 | 440 | 1850 | 150 | 4.4 | 132 |
| Example 3 | 440 | 1850 | 150 | 13.2 | 132 |
| Example 4 | 440 | 1850 | 150 | 17.6 | 132 |
| Example 5 | 380 | 2000 | 180 | 4.0 | 130 |
| Example 6 | 480 | 1800 | 120 | 18.0 | 140 |
| Comparative example 1 | 440 | 1850 | 150 | 0 | 132 |
| Comparative example 2 | 440 | 1500 | 150 | 8.8 | 132 |
The concrete mixes formed in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for their Vibrio consistency and the results are shown in Table 3. The dry and hard concretes prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were poured into a mold and cured: before pouring into a mould, the raw material components of the dry and hard concrete after being uniformly mixed are sent into a rubber sand test mould, and are placed on a vibrating table to vibrate for 6s, wherein the curing temperature is 30 ℃, and the curing humidity is more than 75%; the molded products were subjected to the test for the flexural and compressive properties for 3 days and 7 days, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 3.
The test method of each performance index is as follows: vibrio consistency test reference GB/T50080-2002 (GBJ 80-85) method for testing ordinary concrete mix performance; the flexural strength test method for 7 days and 28 days is referred to GB/T50081-2002 standard of ordinary concrete mechanical property test method.
TABLE 3 Performance test results of the hard and dry concretes of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As can be seen from Table 1, the concrete blends formed in examples 1-6 had a Vibrio consistency in the range of 11-20 s, and were of a dry and hard concrete; the flexural strength and the compressive property of the concrete product obtained by the construction and maintenance method are in accordance with the high-strength dry hard concrete product with the grade of more than C40 (the 28d compressive strength is within the range of 36.2-61.6 MPa, and the 28d flexural strength is within the range of 5.8-7.9 MPa); the strength of the dry and hard concrete is improved by adopting 3-5mm steel slag coarse aggregate; meanwhile, due to the addition of the HPWR-R water reducer, the pore distribution condition of the cement stone can be changed to different degrees, so that the number of macropores is reduced, more smaller pores are generated, and the compactness and durability of the dry and hard concrete are improved.
As can be seen by comparing the performance data of the comparative example 1 and the example 1, the comparative example 1 only adopts 3-5mm steel slag as aggregate, but does not adopt HPWR-R water reducer, and the 7d and 28d compressive/flexural strength of the obtained concrete is greatly reduced and does not meet the requirements of C40-grade high-strength dry-hard concrete products;
as can be seen from comparing the performance data of comparative example 2 and example 1, the addition amount of steel slag is critical, and the addition amount of steel slag of comparative example 2 is too low, so that the obtained concrete has greatly reduced flexural strength and compressive strength and does not meet the requirements of C40-grade high-strength dry-hard concrete products.
In conclusion, the dry and hard concrete has obvious enhancement effect on the flexural strength of the concrete by adding the water reducer, has good adaptability, has obvious improvement effect on various properties of the concrete under the condition of doping steel slag aggregate, effectively solves the problems of pavement cracking and the like, and can develop a new way for utilizing solid waste steel slag in large amount of industries. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. The dry and hard concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
the average size of the steel slag is 3-5mm, the content of free calcium in the steel slag is less than 3%, and the content of total iron in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1%;
the water reducer is an HPWR-R water reducer;
the grain diameter of the yellow sand is 0.25-0.5 mm;
the cement was p.c42.5.
2. A method of preparing the dry and hard concrete according to claim 1, wherein: and uniformly mixing the raw material components to prepare the dry and hard concrete.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Adding water into the steel slag for wetting to obtain steel slag aggregate;
2) Uniformly mixing cement and a water reducing agent to obtain a cementing material;
3) Uniformly mixing the steel slag aggregate obtained in the step 1), the yellow sand and a part of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), then adding the rest of the cementing material obtained in the step 2), adding the rest of water, and uniformly stirring.
4. A method of constructing a dry and hard concrete according to claim 1, wherein: and mixing the raw material components of the dry and hard concrete, pouring into a mould, vibrating, forming and curing.
5. The construction method according to claim 4, wherein: the curing temperature is 5-45 ℃, and the curing humidity is more than 75%.
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| CN100387541C (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2008-05-14 | 上海宝钢冶金建设公司 | Road concrete of high wear resisting steel dregs |
| AU2006203316A1 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-21 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | An improved process for the production of portland slag cement using granulated blast furnace slag |
| CN101423361A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-05-06 | 中冶宝钢技术服务有限公司 | Steel slag concrete formulation |
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